山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院《357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)》專業(yè)碩士歷年考研真題及詳解

2011年山東科技大學(xué)外國語學(xué)院357英語翻譯基礎(chǔ)考研真題及詳解I.Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.(30points)1.WTO【答案】世界貿(mào)易組織(WorldTradeOrganization)查看答案2.APEC【答案】亞太經(jīng)貿(mào)合作組織(Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation)查看答案3.EMS【答案】郵政特快專遞服務(wù)(ExpressMailService)查看答案4.FBI【答案】美國聯(lián)邦調(diào)查局(FederalBureauofInvestigation)查看答案5.GPS【答案】全球定位系統(tǒng)(GlobalPositionSystem)查看答案6.FOB【答案】離岸價格；船上交貨價格(freeonboard)查看答案7.IPA【答案】國際音標(biāo)(InternationalPhoneticAlphabet)查看答案8.NATO【答案】北大西洋公約組織(NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization)查看答案9.Geneticmutation【答案】基因突變查看答案10.somebody’scupoftea【答案】某人喜愛的人或事物查看答案11.givethefloorto【答案】給予發(fā)言權(quán)查看答案12.thetransferenceofthetitleofproperty【答案】財產(chǎn)所有權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓查看答案13.mostfavorednations【答案】最惠國待遇查看答案14.IntellectualPropertyRights【答案】知識產(chǎn)權(quán)查看答案15.downpayment【答案】首付查看答案16.春運【答案】TheSpringFestivaltransportseason查看答案17.國際慣例【答案】internationalcommonpractice查看答案18.騎虎難下【答案】rideatiger;havenowaytobackdown查看答案19.老人節(jié)【答案】theDoubleNinthFestival查看答案20.中國十佳宜居城市【答案】tenbestlivablecitiesinChina查看答案21.聯(lián)合兼并【答案】conglomerationandmerger查看答案22.留職停薪【答案】leavewithoutpay查看答案23.優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅【答案】preferentialduty查看答案24.紅白喜事【答案】weddingandfuneral查看答案25.安居工程【答案】ComfortableHousingProject查看答案26.閉路電視【答案】closed-circuittelevision查看答案27.世博紀念品【答案】Exposouvenir查看答案28.入境簽證【答案】entryvisa查看答案29.保稅區(qū)【答案】BondedArea查看答案30.不正之風(fēng)【答案】unhealthytendency查看答案II.Directions:Translatethefollowingthreesourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120points)SourceText1(30points):TheywereSenegalese,theblackestNegroesinAfrica,soblackthatsometimesitisdifficulttoseewhereaboutsontheirnecksthehairbegins.Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms,theirfeetsquashedintobootsthatlookedlikeblocksofwood,andeverytinhatseemedtobeacoupleofsizestoosmall.Itwasveryhotandthemenhadmarchedalongway.Theyslumpedundertheweightoftheirpacksandthecuriouslysensitiveblackfaceswereglisteningwithsweat.【參考譯文】他們是塞內(nèi)加爾人，是非洲膚色最黑的人，黑得簡直難以看清他們頸項上的頭發(fā)從何處生起。他們健碩的身軀罩在舊的卡其布制服里面，腳上套著一雙看上去像塊木板似的靴子，每個人頭上戴著的鋼盔似乎都小了一兩號。天氣正熱，隊伍已經(jīng)走了很長一段路，士兵們都被沉重的包袱壓得疲憊不堪，敏感得出奇的黑臉頰上汗水閃閃發(fā)光。SourceText2(30points):Withanimmenseeffortofwill,Imodulatedmyvoice.“Allright,”Isaid.“You’realogician.Let’slookatthisthinglogically.HowcouldyouchoosePeteyBurchoverme?Lookatme—abrilliantstudent,atremendousintellectual,amanwithanassuredfuture.LookatPetey—aknot-head,ajitterbug,aguywho’llneverknowwherehisnextmealiscomingfrom.CanyougivemeonelogicalreasonwhyyoushouldgosteadwithPeteyBurch?”【參考譯文】我以極大的意志力把語氣緩和下來?！昂冒伞?，我說道，“你是一個邏輯學(xué)家。那就讓我們從邏輯上分析一下這件事。你怎么會看中皮蒂，而不是我呢？你瞧我，一個出色的學(xué)生，一個了不起的知識分子，一個前途絕對有保障的人。再看看皮蒂，一個笨蛋，一個感情無常的人，一個吃了上頓沒有下頓的家伙。你能提出一個合乎邏輯的理由來告訴我為什么要跟皮蒂在一起嗎？”SourceText3(60points):孟母教子孟子幼時家居墓地附近，耳濡目染的盡是些喪葬禮儀的事情，他就和小朋友一起模仿著挖墓筑墳的祭奠。孟母感到長此下去對兒子的教育不利，于是就搬家了。新居靠近集市，孟子又學(xué)著商人做買賣，怎樣和人討價還價，孟母不愿自己的孩子長大成商人，于是又搬家了。第三次的新居在學(xué)校附近，孟子就跟著學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)詩書禮儀，揖讓進退等等。孟母認為找到了理想的地方，于是決定在這里長期居住下去。由此可見，孟母深知環(huán)境對孩子成長的影響。這就是“孟母三遷”故事的由來。孟子逐漸成長，一次未到放學(xué)時間就回家了，孟母把他叫到織布機旁，讓她看自己織布?？椓撕荛L一段時間，孟母突然用刀子把布割斷，孟子不明白怎么回事，連忙向母親問個究竟。這時孟母耐心地對他說：“你學(xué)習(xí)半途而廢，就如同我把這本來可以織成完整的一匹布割斷是同一個道理?！蹦赣H的諄諄教導(dǎo)，深深地印在孟子的腦海之中，從此他發(fā)奮圖強，刻苦讀書，終于成了戰(zhàn)國時期，也是我國歷史上著名的思想家、教育家?！緟⒖甲g文】HowMencius’MotherTeachesHerSonWhenMenciuswasyoung,hisfamilylivednearacemetery,fullyexposedtofuneralceremonies.Heandhisplaymatesimitatedburyingandmourningproceedings.Mencius’motherthoughtthesurroundingswerenotgoodforhiseducationsoshedecidedtomove.Theymovedtoaplacenexttoafair,andMenciusbegantolearnthewaysofbusinesspeople,bargainingandhaggling.Hismotherdidn’twanthersontobecomeabusinessmansoshemovedagain.Thistimetheymovedintothehousenearaschool,andMenciusbegantolearntheClassicsandetiquettealongwiththestudents.Hismotherthoughtthiswastherightplaceforhimanddecidedtostaythereforgood.ThisshowsthatMencius’motherrealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentforchildren’sgrowingup.Thesearethestoriesabouthow“Mencius’mothermovedthreetimes.”Menciusgrewupgradually.Oneday,Menciuscamebackhomebeforeschoolletout.Hismothercalledhimtotheloomsideandlethimwatchherweaving.Afteralongtime,shesuddenlycuttheclothshehadwovenwithaknife,muchtoMencius’bewilderment.WhenMenciusasked,hismotherexplained,“Ifyouquitschoolhalfway,it’slikemycuttingthec