必修一 Unit 1 高考提能練

必修一Unit1高考提能練閱讀理解·組塊專練——練速度(限時(shí)：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2016·蘭州高三診斷)Yourkidslearnalotfromtheirfriends—thingsyoucan’tteachthem,nomatterhowmuchyouwantto.Probablythemostimportantthingkidslearnishowtohavepeerrelationships.Asaparent,youcan’tdothis,becauseyouandyourchildaren’tequals.Forexample,whenyou’resittingonyourfamilyroomfloorandyourveryyoungchildasksyoutopasshimtheblocks,youprobablyhandthemrightover.Ifyourchildissittingwithapeerandasksthesamething,though,hemightnotgetwhathewants.Tosucceed,yourchildwillneedtolearnstrategiesforgettingwhathewants.Forexample,hemightsimplyyank(猛拉)thetoyoutofhisfriend’shand.Ifhedoesthat,hemaylearnthatit’snotthebestwayofgettingwhathewantsbecauseitleadstofightingandtime-outs.Thesuccessfulchildwilllearnthatheneedstonegotiateatrade,towaitpatiently,ortofindsomethingelseequallyfuntoplaywith.Friendsalsoprovideemotionalsupport,somethingthatispartofthefoundationofhealthyadulthood.Youcan’tbewithyourchildontheelementaryschoolplaygroundoratthehighschooldance.Yourchild’sfriendswillbetheonestostick_up_forher,toincludeheringames,andlater,totellhershelooksgreatevenifherlousyprom(糟糕的舞會(huì))datewandersoffinsteadofdancingwithher.Friendsalsohelpyourchildrenlearn.Friendssolveproblemstogether,imitateeachother,andpassonknowledge.Someexpertsbelievethatthesinglebiggestpredictorofyourchild’ssuccesslaterinlifeisherabilitytomakefriends.Infact,theyclaimit’sevenmoreimportantthanIQandgrades.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatthekidswhoaremostpopularinschooldothebestlateroninlife.Whatmattersisnotthenumberoffriendsachildhasbutratherthequalityoftherelationships.ThisisgoodnewsforthoseofuswhohatetothinkthatpopularityreallyistheHolyGrailofchildhoodandadolescence.Whileit’struethatpopularityhasmanyadvantages,andthatmanypopularkidsreallyarenicepeople—andnotjustthebestdressedorbestlooking—it’sbettertohaveafewgoodfriendsthantohavetheadmirationofthemasses.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。孩子們會(huì)從和朋友的相處到許多大人怎么想教都教不會(huì)的事，所以真正的好朋友對(duì)一個(gè)人的成長至關(guān)重要。1．BygivingtheexampleinParagraph3,theauthorwantstoshowthat________.A．kidscanlearnhowtodealwiththerelationshipswhentheystaywiththeirpeersB．parentsshouldspendmoresparetimeplayingwiththeirkidsC．kidsshouldlearnhowtobepolitewhentheyasktheirparentsforhelpD．parentscanteachtheirkidshowtobegoodmembersinthemodernsocietyintheirdailylife解析：選A推理判斷題。一般而言，在議論文中，舉例都是為了證明作者的觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，第三段所舉例子是為了證明第二段作者的觀點(diǎn)，即“Probablythemostimportantthingkidslearnishowtohavepeerrelationships.”。故選A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stickupfor”inthefifthparagraphmean?A．Envy. B．Oppose.C．Support. D．Ignore.解析：選C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本段第一句中的“Friendsalsoprovideemotionalsupport”可知，此處將家長與同齡朋友進(jìn)行比較是為了說明同齡朋友會(huì)給孩子們以情感上的支持。由此可知，畫線詞意為“支持”。故答案選C。3．Intheauthor’sopinion,________ismoreimportantthanbeingpopularforkids.A．gettinghighgradesB．havingsomerealfriendsC．developingagoodhabitD．knowinghowtodressthemselvesup解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后三段可知，朋友的質(zhì)量比朋友的數(shù)量、智商、分?jǐn)?shù)和外表都重要。故選B。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoBridgetheGenerationGapB．WhatItTakestoBeaGoodFriendC．WhyFriendsAreImportantD．HowtoBePopularinSchool解析：選C標(biāo)題歸納題。文章的中心段是第一段，由此結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要說明了同齡朋友對(duì)孩子成長的重要性。故選C。B(2016·山東省日照市校際聯(lián)合檢測(cè))“Friendlydoctorsarebadfortheirpatients’health，”researchershavewarnedasanewstudyrevealedtwothirdsofyoungdoctorsstruggletobetruthfulwithpatientstheylike.Blurring(使……變得模糊不清)thelinesbetweensocialandprofessionalrelationshipscanaffectthelevelofcareofferedandpreventpatientsfrombeinghonestaboutimportantsideeffects.“DoctorsshouldavoidaddingpatientsasfriendsonFacebook,andtheyshouldnothugorallowpatientstocallthembytheirfirstnames，”regulatorshavewarned.“Thosewhobreaktheboundarieswillfacesomepunishment.”Itesasasurveyof338oncologists(腫瘤學(xué)家)undertheageof40,finding59percentsaidtheyfounditdifficulttotellthetruthtothosepatientstheylike.Sixtypercentofrespondentssaidifdoctorsfelttooclosetotheirpatients,itcouldpreventthemfrommakingobjectivedecisionsaboutaperson’scare.LesleyFallowfieldofBrightonandSussexMedicalSchoolsaid：“Oncologyisaprofessionthatcanbeenormouslyrewardingbutisfilledwithmanychallenges.Youngoncologistshavetomasterthemeansofdealingwithanxiouspatientswhoarefacingalife-threateningdisease,conveyingthetrueprognosis(預(yù)斷),discussingtheplexityofmoderntreatments,andexplainingtheunavailabilityofsomedrugs,thesideeffectsoftreatments,andlikelytreatmentaims.”Butshealsosaid,“Thosedoctorswhohaveenteredtheprofessionintheageof’theInternetworld’aremorelikelytofallvictimtoblurringtheprofessionalboundarieswithpatients.”Shesaid，“Thedifficulty,ifyouhugandkisspatients,ifyouallowthemtocallyoubyyourfirstname,isthatquicklytherelationshipcanbeeconfusingasasocialoneratherthanaprofessionalone.Doctorsbeeconfused,’Ireallylikethesepeople,howcanIbeartotellthemthatthey’regoingtodie？’Theyfinditmoredifficulttobeobjective.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最新研究表明，醫(yī)生的態(tài)度友善反而對(duì)患者的治療不利，因此醫(yī)生和患者之間需要保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x。5．Whyarefriendlydoctorsbadfortheirpatients’health?A．Becausetheydon’tliketocheatpatients.B．Becausetheyarenotgoodattreatingpatients.C．Becausetheyfinditnoteasytobeobjectivetothepatients.D．Becausetheyseldomblurtherelationshipwithpatients.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“twothirdsofyoungdoctorsstruggletobetruthfulwithpatientstheylike”及最后一段中的“Theyfinditmoredifficulttobeobjective.”可知，三分之二的年輕醫(yī)生很難對(duì)他們喜歡的病人講實(shí)話，他們很難客觀地對(duì)待病人，這樣對(duì)患者的治療不利，故選C項(xiàng)。6．Whatshoulddoctorsdoaccordingtotheregulators?A．AddpatientsasfriendsonFacebook.B．Haveacloseconnectionwithpatientsinlife.C．Alwaysbecoldtopatients.D．Keeppatientsataproperdistance.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第三段可知，醫(yī)生應(yīng)該避免在臉譜網(wǎng)上添加患者為朋友，他們也不應(yīng)該擁抱病人或讓病人直呼他們的名字，即醫(yī)生應(yīng)該和病人保持適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x，故選D項(xiàng)。7．WhichopinionwillLesleyFallowfieldagreewith?A．Oncologyisarewardingprofessionwithoutchallenges.B．TheInternetmakesiteasierforyoungdoctorstobreaktheboundaries.C．It’snotthedoctors’dutytodealwithpatients’anxiety.D．Beingfriendswithpatientswillhelpthemrecoversoon.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Thosedoctorswhohaveentered...boundarieswithpatients.”可推知，網(wǎng)絡(luò)使得醫(yī)生更容易模糊與病人之間的職業(yè)分界線，故選B項(xiàng)。8．YoungoncologistswillfacethefollowingchallengesEXCEPT________.A．dealingwithalotoflife-threateningdiseasesB．discussingdifficultiesoftreatmentswithpatientsC．explainingtheunavailabilityofsomemedicinesD．informingpatientsofthepossibleresultsofthetreatments解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“Youngoncologistshavetomaster...andlikelytreatmentaims.”可知，B、C、D三項(xiàng)表述正確；年輕的腫瘤學(xué)家需要掌握如何對(duì)待面臨生命威脅的焦慮病人，A項(xiàng)“處理很多威脅生命的疾病”表述錯(cuò)誤。故選A項(xiàng)。C(2016·華中師大附中高三上學(xué)期期中檢測(cè))ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwonthe2015NobelPrizeinmedicineonOctober5forherdiscoveriesconcerninganoveltreatmentagainstmalaria(瘧疾).ThisisthefirstNobelPrizegiventoaChinesescientistforworkcarriedoutwithinChina.TusharedtheprizewithIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiOmuraofJapan,whowerehonoredfortheirrevolutionaryanti-roundwormtreatment.84-year-oldTuisawardedthisprizeforhercontributiontocuttingthedeathrateofmalaria,reducingpatients’sufferingandpromotingmankind’shealth.Althoughshereceivedseveralmedicalawardsinthepast,the2015NobelPrizeisdefinitelythemostprivilegerewardthatrecognizesTu’sdedicationandperseveranceindiscoveringartemisinin(青蒿素),thekeydrugthatbattlesmalaria-friendlyparasites(寄生蟲).However,herroutetothehonorhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.ShewontheNobelPrizeformedicine,butshedoesn’thaveamedicaldegreeoraPhD.InChina,sheisevenbeingcalledthe“three-noes”winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe’sneverworkedoverseas.NowonderhersuccesshasstirredChina’snationalprideandhelpedpromoteconfidenceofnativeChinesescientists.ThefactthatTuhasnoneofthesethreebackgroundsremindsusthatscienceshouldbemoreaccessibletoall.Oneshallbeabletobeeascientistnomatterwhatkindofbackgroundheorsheesfrom,aslongasonedivesintoscientificresearch.Therehavebeendiscussionsonpeoplewhoreallylovesciencebutareneverabletoachievemuchduringtheirwholelife.Theircontributionscanneverbeignored.Theyworksohardtoprovethewrongwaysothatthefutureresearcherswillbeclosertotherightone.AsthefirstChinesemainlandNobelPrizeWinnerofnaturalscienceaward,Tu’srecord-breakingwinningalsoservesasaremindertothosewhoaretooeagerforinstantsuccess.Scienceisneveraboutinstantsuccess.Tuspentdecadesonscientificresearchbeforeitsvalueisofficiallyacknowledged.Thereisnowaytomeasurehowmuchonedevotestoscienceandpareitwithhowmuchrewardheorshemayget.語篇解讀：中國女科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得了2015年度諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，作為一名“三無”無醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)位、無博士學(xué)位、無海外經(jīng)歷獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?，她帶給我們很多值得思考的東西。9．Wecanknowfromthetextthat________.A．TuworkedathomeandabroadtoconductherresearchB．TugottheNobelPrizeforheranti-roundwormtreatmentC．theNobelPrizeisthefirstawardtorecognizeherworkD．herdiscoveryofartemisininhashelpedtocutmalariadeathrate解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第三句中“she’sneverworkedoverseas”可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，進(jìn)行anti-roundwormtreatment的是愛爾蘭和日本的兩位科學(xué)家，故B項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，屠呦呦曾經(jīng)獲得過幾個(gè)醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，故C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知D項(xiàng)正確。10．Theauthorseemstoagreethatapersonwhoismorelikelytobeeascientististheonewith________.A．a(chǎn)senseofnationalprideB．relevantacademicknowledgeC．a(chǎn)desiretoachievesuccessD．enthusiasmforscientificresearch解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，一個(gè)人無論什么背景、來自何處，只要專心于科學(xué)研究，就有可能成為一名科學(xué)家，故選D。11．Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto________.A．informreadersofthenewsandmakementsB．discouragethepursuitofinstantsuccessinscienceC．remindreadersoftheprinciplesofscientificresearchD．praisetheawardwinnerandencouragescientificresearch解析：選A寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者首先告知大家屠呦呦獲獎(jiǎng)的消息，然后對(duì)此進(jìn)行評(píng)論，故選A。D(2016·濟(jì)南第一學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Squaredancingisaformofentertainmentandphysicalexercise,whichisagoodthing.However,agroupofseniorChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetParkwererecentlyfacedwithnoiseplaintsfromnearbyresidents.Thelocalcourtevenservedasummons(傳票)relatedtoacertainMs.Wang.ThenewssooncausedheateddiscussionacrossChina,withmanybelievingtheincidenttoinvolveaculturalconflictbetweentheEastandWest,whileothersviewitasaformofdiscriminationagainstChineseintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesisadiversesociety,andinmanycases,Chinesedancersaretoleratedandevenappreciated.Meanwhile,theUnitedStatesisasocietybasedontheruleoflaw,andduetoculturaldifferences,localregulationsseemtobeverydifferentfromthoseinChina.Asaresult,someoldChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetParkfoundthemselvescaughtinanembarrassingsituation.Localsandimmigrantsfromothernationsviewsuchnoiseasaviolationoftheirrighttoenjoytranquillity.Callingthepoliceisregardedasthemostefficientwaytosolvesuchaproblem.Before,theseladiesprobablydidnotunderstandlocalcustomsandrules.However,sincetheincidenttookplace,theyshouldperhapsknowalittlebetternexttimeandkeepthenoisetoaminimum.Peoplefromdifferentnationsareoftensupposedtoreachpromises,respectingandtoleratingeachother.Whateveryourchoiceofentertainmentis,itisimportantnottoaffectotherpeople’slives.Squaredancingisonlyoneofmanyactivitiesduringwhichpeopleshouldmindtheirbehavior.AsforU．S.policepractice,theremightstillbesomeroomforimprovement.Someweresaidtoberatherrude,leadingtotheso-called“racialdiscrimination”，whichisasensitivetopicinU．S.society.Iftheinvolvedpartiescouldbemoretolerant,andsolvesuchproblemswithoutinvolvingthecourt,perhapsimmigrantswouldmixmore.語篇解讀：人們對(duì)于廣場舞褒貶不一，本文通過中國大媽在紐約跳廣場舞的事例總結(jié)出人們應(yīng)換位思考，相互理解、相互包容。12．ThewritermentionstheincidentinParagraph1to________.A．showhisopinion B．makeplaintsC．bringupthetopic D．criticizethelocalpolice解析：選C推理判斷題。作者提到了中國大媽在紐約廣場跳廣場舞，其目的是提出話題以引起人們的注意。故選C。13．Theunderlinedword“tranquillity”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．entertainment B．quietnessC．freedom D．quality解析：選B詞義猜測(cè)題。通過畫線詞所在的句子可知，tranquillity和noise相對(duì)，應(yīng)表示“平靜，安靜”，故選B。14．WhatwilltheseniorChineseladiesmostprobablydoaftertheincident?A．GobacktoChina.B．Fightfortheirright.C．AskAmericatochangeitslaw.D．Keepthenoisethelowest.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“However,sincetheincidenttookplace,theyshouldperhapsknowalittlebetternexttimeandkeepthenoisetoaminimum.”可知，中國大媽會(huì)把音量降到最低。故選D。15．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsseniorChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetPark?A．Hethinksallpartiesinvolvedshouldbemoretolerant.B．Hestronglysupportstheactionofthelocalpolice.C．HeconsidersitashameforseniorChineseladiestodoso.D．Hesuggestssuchkindofproblemshouldbesolvedinthecourt.解析：選A推理判斷題。作者在文章的第四段提到了應(yīng)互相包容(toleratingeachother)，在最后一段又提到包容(tolerant)，故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2016·河南省高考適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)HowtoBeaGoodFriendAgoodfriend,whowouldn’twantone?Everfeltyoursjustnotgoodenoughbutdon’tknowwheretoimprove?__1__Iusedtoannoyalotofmyfriendsbefore,justforthesakeofhavingfunandfromthat,I’velearnedhowtobeagoodfriend,andstayasagoodfriend.Listen.Noonelikesbeinginterruptedwhenthey’retalking.So,whensomeonetalks,keepyourselfqui