高中英語必修一unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)

Unit1Friendship教材面面觀單詞拓展1.________n．連續(xù)；系列2．________vt.使不安；使心煩adj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的3．________vt.不理睬；忽視________n．________adj.4．________vt.(使)擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系到n．擔(dān)心；關(guān)注5．________vt.&vi.(使)安家；停留；安排；解決________n.6．________vt.&vi.痊愈；康復(fù)；重新獲得________n.7．________vt.&vi.捆扎；包裝；打行李n．小包；包裹8．________vi.不同意________n.opp.________vt.&vi.9．________vt.&n．不喜歡；厭惡10．________vt.傾斜；倒翻n．提示；技巧；尖端；小費(fèi)11．________adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的vt.&vi.(使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定________n.12．________adj.松的；松開的________adv.13．________adj.整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的________adv.14．________adj.感激的；表示謝意的15．________adv.確實(shí)如此；正是；確切地________adj.短語回顧1.add________合計(jì)2．________down(使)平靜下來；(使)鎮(zhèn)定下來3．beconcerned________關(guān)心；掛念4．go________經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受5．set________放下；記下；登記6．a(chǎn)________of一連串的；一系列；一套7．________purpose故意8．________dusk在黃昏時(shí)刻9．________/not...anylonger不再10．get/betired________對(duì)……厭煩11．________alongwith與……相處；進(jìn)展12．hide________躲藏；隱藏13．suffer________遭受；患病14．pack(sth.)________將(東西)裝箱打包15．________inlovewithsb.與……相愛句型背誦1.________________________________，youwerecarelessanditgotloose.當(dāng)你在遛狗時(shí)不小心讓狗松脫了。2．Iwonderif________________Ihaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolong________I'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。3．That'schanged________________________________.自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。4．Itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthat________________________________________________________.這是一年半以來我第一次目睹夜晚。5．Youwilltellhim/her________he/she________________________...你會(huì)告訴他/她本應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)……6．Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhot________somanyclothes________.媽媽問她穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。自我診斷單詞拓展1．series2.upset3.ignore，ignorance，ignorant4.concern5．settle，settlement6.recover，recovery7.pack8．disagree，disagreement，agree9.dislike10.tip11.calm，calmness12.loose，loosely13.entire，entirely14.grateful15．exactly，exact短語回顧1．up2.calm3.about4.through5.down6.series7．on8.at9.nolonger10.of11.get12.away13．from14.up15.fall句型背誦1．Whilewalkingthedog2．it'sbecause;that3．sinceIwashere4．I'dseenthenightfacetoface5．that;shouldhavestudied6．with;on考點(diǎn)串串講重點(diǎn)單詞1.ignorevt.不理睬，忽視Hecompletelyignoredallthesefactsasthoughtheyneverexisted.他完全無視這一切，好像它們根本不存在似的。Shesawhimcomingbutsheignoredhim.她看見他走過來，但裝作沒看到他。Nevershouldweignoretrafficregulations.我們?nèi)魏螘r(shí)候都不應(yīng)忽視交通規(guī)則。●用法拓展ignorancen．無知，不知ignorantadj.無知的，愚昧的ignorantlyadv.無知地，愚昧地beignorantabout/of對(duì)……不了解，無知的●易混辨析ignorant，illiterate，uneducated與unlearnedignorant指“缺乏一般知識(shí)的”或“缺乏某科學(xué)識(shí)的”。如：He'snotstupid，merelyignorant.他并不愚蠢，只是無知。illiterate指“文盲的，不能讀或?qū)懙摹薄Ｈ纾篢herearestillmanyilliteratepeopleinourcountry.在我國(guó)還有許多文盲。uneducated指“未受過正規(guī)系統(tǒng)教育的”。如：Hewasuneducated.他未受過正規(guī)教育。unlearned指“無學(xué)問的，無文化的”。如：Hewasnotunlearnedinhistory.他對(duì)歷史并非無知。即境活用翻譯句子①她沒理他，繼續(xù)干她的活。________________________________________________________________________②他對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技一無所知。________________________________________________________________________答案：①Sheignoredhimandcarriedonwithherwork.②He'scompletelyignorantaboutmoderntechnology.2．concernn．關(guān)心，關(guān)切的事；擔(dān)憂v．涉及，與……有關(guān)，影響；使關(guān)心，使擔(dān)心HowmuchmoneyIearnisnoneofyourconcern.我掙多少錢與你無關(guān)。Theseproblemsconcernallofthem.這些問題影響到他們每一個(gè)人。Sheconcernsherselfwithsocialwelfare.她從事社會(huì)福利工作。●用法拓展beconcernedabout/for＝concernoneselfabout/for關(guān)心；掛念；為……擔(dān)心beconcernedwith/in與……有關(guān)；涉及；參與so/asfaras...beconcerned就……而言showconcernforsb.aboutsth.對(duì)某人某事表示關(guān)心concerningprep.關(guān)于；就……而言Pleasedon'tbeconcernedaboutme.請(qǐng)不要為我擔(dān)心。Morethanonepersonhasbeenconcernedinthis.不止一個(gè)人與這件事有牽連。Sofarashe'sconcerned，nothingisasimportantashisdaughter.對(duì)他來說，什么也比不上他女兒重要。Peopleareusingtheirheads，thinkingproblemsoverandshowingconcernforthestateandtheParty.人們動(dòng)腦筋，想問題，關(guān)心國(guó)家，關(guān)心黨。Heaskedseveralquestionsconcerningthefutureofthecompany.他問了幾個(gè)關(guān)于公司未來的問題。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空①Themeetingwasconcerned________reformsandeveryonepresentwasconcerned________theirowninterests.A．with；forB．with；withC．for；aboutD．a(chǎn)bout；with②Whatseemstobereasonableaccordingtothereport________drinkingwater?A．concernB．concernedC．concerningD．toconcern答案：①A②C3．calmadj.(天氣、海洋等)靜的，平靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的，沉著的v．(使)平靜，(使)鎮(zhèn)定，平息Themothercalmedherchild.母親使孩子安靜下來。Thecryingchildsooncalmeddown.哭鬧的小孩不大一會(huì)就安靜下來。Afterthestormitwascalm.暴風(fēng)雨過后風(fēng)平浪靜?！裼梅ㄍ卣筀eepcalm！安靜！保持鎮(zhèn)靜！calmdown使平息，使平靜即境活用翻譯句子①他深吸了幾口氣，以使自己鎮(zhèn)靜下來。________________________________________________________________________②照相時(shí)，要保持不動(dòng)。________________________________________________________________________③課堂上，對(duì)老師的問題不應(yīng)保持沉默。________________________________________________________________________答案：①Hetookafewdeepbreathstocalmhimselfdown.②Whentakenphotosof，oneshouldkeepstill.③Inclass，oneshouldn'tkeepsilentabouttheteacher'squestions.4．suffervt.&vi.經(jīng)歷或遭受(不愉快之事)；受苦；吃苦頭；變壞；變?cè)鉚hecompanysufferedhugelossesinthelastfinancialcrisis.這家公司在上次金融危機(jī)中損失慘重。ImadearashdecisionandnowIamsufferingfromit.我作決定太倉促，現(xiàn)在可吃到苦頭了。Herschoolworkissufferingbecauseoffamilyproblems.由于家庭問題，她的功課變?cè)懔恕！褚谆毂嫖鰏uffer與sufferfrom①suffer用作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“遭受，蒙受，受到”，其賓語一般是loss(損失)，pain(痛苦)，punishment(處罰)，defeat(失敗)，hardship(苦難)，injustice(不公正)，grief(悲傷)，disappointment(失望)，wrong(委屈)等。②sufferfrom表示“為……所苦，因……而吃苦頭”，還可表示“患……病”。Shesufferedthelossofherstudents'respect.她失去了學(xué)生對(duì)她的尊重。Ourbusinesshassufferedfromlackofinvestment.我們的企業(yè)因缺乏投資而受苦。Mrs.White'slittleboyissufferingfromabadfluagain.懷特太太的小孩又患了嚴(yán)重的感冒。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Theships________terriblelossduringthisseabattle.A．sufferedinB．sufferedalotC．sufferedD．weresuffered答案：C5．a(chǎn)ddvt.&vi.增加；增添；補(bǔ)充說●用法拓展addupsth./addsth.up把……加起來，up為副詞，賓語若為代詞應(yīng)置于中間。addupto(＝cometo,total)加起來總和是，總共有，不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，后常跟表示數(shù)字的詞作賓語。addto(＝increase)增加；增添add...to...把……加到(進(jìn))……里addthat補(bǔ)充說……①Thefireisgoingout;willyouaddsomewood?火快熄了，請(qǐng)你加些木柴好嗎？②“Don'tbelate，”sheadded.“別遲到，”她補(bǔ)充說。③AddupallthemoneyIoweyou,please.請(qǐng)把我欠你的錢全部加起來。④Thenumbersadduptoexactly100.這些數(shù)字的總數(shù)恰好是100。⑤Fireworksaddedtotheattractionofthefestivalnight.焰火使節(jié)日的夜晚生色。⑥ShallIaddyournametothelist?我可以把你的名字加入名單嗎？⑦Theprofessortoldustomakenotesofkeypoints,addingthattheywouldbeincludedintheexaminationpapers.教授告訴我們要記下要點(diǎn)，并且補(bǔ)充說這些要點(diǎn)會(huì)在考卷中涉及。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Thewoodsandthenewlydugriverthroughthecampus________thebeautyofthisworld-knownuniversity.A．a(chǎn)ddupB．a(chǎn)ddtoC．a(chǎn)readdedupD．a(chǎn)readdedto答案：B6．powern．能力；力量；權(quán)力●用法拓展beinpower執(zhí)政；掌權(quán)cometopower上臺(tái)；執(zhí)政take/seizepower掌握政權(quán)l(xiāng)osepower喪失政權(quán)underone'sownpower憑借自身的力量havethepowertodosth.具有做某事的能力beyond/outofone'spower力所不能及；超出某人的能力①Theaimistogivepeoplemorepowerovertheirownlives.目標(biāo)是讓人們更能主宰自己的生命。②Thepartycametopoweratthelastelection.這個(gè)政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。③Sheistheonewhohasthepowertohireorfirepeople.她有權(quán)力雇用或辭退人員。④Aftertheaccidentshelostthepowerofspeech.事故之后，她喪失了語言能力。●易混辨析power,strength,force與energypower主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，也可指人或機(jī)器等事物潛在的或發(fā)揮出來的力量，還可以指職權(quán)或政權(quán)。strength指固有的潛力。說人時(shí)，指“力氣”；說物時(shí)，指“強(qiáng)度”。force主要指自然界的力量；暴力、勢(shì)力以及法律、道德或感情的力量；軍事力量等。energy主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。①Hehasthepowertomakethingsveryunpleasantforus.他掌握著我們的命運(yùn)，可以把我們搞得狼狽不堪。②Awashingmachineisasaveroftimeandstrength.洗衣機(jī)省時(shí)又省力。③Theforceoftheexplosionbrokeallthewindows.爆炸力把所有窗子都震碎了。④You'llneedtoapplyallyourenergytothisjob.你需要把全部精力投入到這項(xiàng)工作中去。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Electricity,likeotherformsof________，hasgreatlyincreasedinprice.A．strengthB．forceC．powerD．energy答案：D7．upsetvt.使不安adj.心煩意亂的●用法拓展Itupsetssb.that...使人心煩的是……(it形式主語)Itupsetssb.todosth.做某事使某人心煩(it形式主語)beupsetaboutsth.(對(duì)某事)失望；沮喪；難過①Shewasupsetthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.他的不辭而別讓她感到心煩。②Thisdecisionislikelytoupsetalotofpeople.這項(xiàng)決定很可能會(huì)使很多人悻然不快。③Itupsethimthatnobodyhadbotheredtotellhimaboutit.讓他不高興的是，誰也沒把這件事告訴他。④Itupsetmetothinkofherallaloneinthatbighouse.想到她孤身一人守著那所大房子我就不舒服。⑤Thereisnopointgettingupsetaboutit.犯不著為此事難過。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Becausehedidn'tfinishtheworkontimeandwasfiredbythecompany,hewasvery________aboutit.A．upsetB．surprisedC．curiousD．upsetting答案：A8．settlev．安家，使定居，安排，解決ShehassettledherfamilyinShanghai.她已在上海定居。Hesettleddownasafarmerwithafamily.他與一家人安頓下來務(wù)農(nóng)。Hesettledthedifficultproblem.他解決了這個(gè)大難題?！裼梅ㄍ卣箂ettlein(遷入新居、更換工作后)安頓下來；使習(xí)慣，使適應(yīng)settletodosth.決定去做某事settledown平靜下來；定居；成家settle(oneself)downtowork安下心來工作settleup結(jié)清，付清(欠賬)即境活用翻譯句子①Waituntiltheexcitementhassettleddown.________________________________________________________________________②Willyousettleforallofus?________________________________________________________________________③Thatsettlesit!________________________________________________________________________答案：①等到興奮的情緒鎮(zhèn)靜下來再說。②你會(huì)為我們大家付賬嗎？③[口]事情就這樣定了！(這就完了！)重點(diǎn)短語1.gothroughv．仔細(xì)檢查，經(jīng)歷，經(jīng)受，用完，被通過，參加，搜查，履行Let'sgothroughtheargumentsagain.咱們?cè)僭敿?xì)研究一下這些論據(jù)吧。Shehasgonethroughallhersavings.她已花光了所有積蓄?！裼梅ㄍ卣筭oalong(withsb.)向前進(jìn)，一起去goby消失；經(jīng)過gooff爆炸，經(jīng)歷爆破goon發(fā)生；恰巧發(fā)生goout滅掉，熄滅；出門，外出；過時(shí)goover越過……；復(fù)習(xí)goinfor參加，從事；對(duì)……感興趣gowithout沒有……也忍受過去即境活用翻譯句子①Ididn'tknow________(發(fā)生了什么事)．②Arumor________(傳遍)thetown.③Idon't________(喜歡)rockandroll.It'smuchtoonoisyformytaste.答案：①whatwasgoingon②wentthrough③goinfor2．joinin參加，加入Ourteacheroftenjoinsusinsinginganddancing.老師經(jīng)常與我們一起唱歌跳舞。●易混辨析join，joinin，takepartin與attendjoin＝becomeamemberof加入某一組織，并成為其中一員。例如：Hejoinedthearmy/League/Party/club/Students'Union.他參軍/入團(tuán)/入黨/參加俱樂部/加入學(xué)生會(huì)。joinin＋activities或joinsb.in＋activities與……一起參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。例如：Comeandjoinusinthediscussion.來參加我們的討論吧。takepartin參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。它和join都有“參加”的意思，但takepartin強(qiáng)調(diào)參與性，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)在活動(dòng)中起一定作用，并負(fù)有責(zé)任。例如：Tensofthousandsofworkerstookpartinthestrike/revolutionarymovement/fighting.成千上萬的工人參加了罷工/革命運(yùn)動(dòng)/戰(zhàn)斗。attend是表示“參加”的正式用語，其后可跟meeting/conference/school/lecture/church/wedding等。例如：Iamveryhappytoreceivetheinvitationtoattendtheinternationalconference.我很高興收到參加這一國(guó)際會(huì)議的請(qǐng)柬。即境活用完成句子①Chinahas________(加入)theWTO.②He________(積極參加)manyschoolactivities.③Hedidn't________(沒上學(xué))yesterday.答案：①joined②tookanactivepartin③attendschool3．havegotto不得不，必須●用法拓展havegotto＝haveto不得不，必須must一定，必須●特別提醒havegotto是haveto的口語形式；must強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀看法；haveto指客觀需要。havegotto的否定式為haven'tgotto，haveto的否定式為don'thaveto。變?yōu)橐蓡柧鋾r(shí)，前者h(yuǎn)ave提前，后者借助于助動(dòng)詞do。表一次性動(dòng)作時(shí)，兩者可互換。但表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，尤其是句中含有always，often，sometimes等頻率副詞時(shí)，則使用haveto。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空You________showyourpassport.A．havetoB．mustC．needD．can答案：A句意為：你必須出示你的護(hù)照。此處表示一種客觀需要，用haveto。4．setdown放下；記下；登記●用法拓展setaside留名，撥出(時(shí)間、金錢等)；把……置于一旁setabout(doing)sth.著手(干)某事setouttodosth.開始干某事setoff動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；引發(fā)；引爆setout動(dòng)身，出發(fā)；陳述；著手(todosth.)setto(sth.)開始認(rèn)真著手干某事setup豎起，創(chuàng)設(shè)，開辦，建立besetin以……為背景putdown放下；記下writedown記下notedown記下getdown記下即境活用單項(xiàng)填空①Havingmadethedecision,we________toperformtheexperiment.A．setaboutB．setoutC．settoD．setoff②EinsteinlikedBose'spapersomuchthathe________hisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A．gaveoffB．turneddownC．tookoverD．setaside③________theinterestsofallhisemployees,hedecidedtogoonwithhisso-calledreform.A．SettingoffB．SettingbackC．SettingoutD．Settingaside答案：①B②D③D5．a(chǎn)seriesof一連串的；一系列；一套●用法拓展aseriesofaccidents一連串的事故aseriesofstamps一套郵票theWorldSeries世界聯(lián)賽aTV/radioseries電視/廣播系列節(jié)目Theincidentcausedaseriesofeventsthatnobodyhadforeseen.那一事件引發(fā)了一連串誰都沒有預(yù)料到的事情。●特別提示series單復(fù)數(shù)相同，aseriesof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，應(yīng)遵循語法一致原則，即應(yīng)使用單數(shù)謂語。此外，apairof,akind/sort/typeof,asetof等后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，也使用單數(shù)謂語。即境活用完成句子①Thatsetoffourrecords,offeredforalimitedtimeonly,________(be)availableexclusivelyinthestoresmentioned.②Alargecollectionofcontemporaryphotographs,includingsometakenbyHenry,________(is/are)ondisplayatthemuseum.③Thekindofbooksanauthorwrites________(depends/depend)onthekindofmanheis.④Seriesofarticlesonthenatureofmodernsociety________(is/are)goingtobeprintednextmonth.答案：①is②is③depends④are6．onpurpose故意地●用法拓展forthepurposesof為了……，出于……的目的togood/little(no)purpose作用很大/徒勞地forpracticalpurposes事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上bydesign故意的byaccident/chance偶然地，無意地bycoincidence巧合地，偶然地Histalentshavebeenemployedtogoodpurpose.他的才能很好地得到了利用。即境活用介詞填空①—Didhedoitaccidentally?—No,________purpose.②________allpracticalpurposesthecompanyhasalreadycloseddown.③________thepurposesofattractingmoretourists,moreeffectivemeasureshavebeentaken.④Itdidn'toccur________coincidence;allthathappened________design.單項(xiàng)填空⑤Ourholidayhadservedits________；webothfeltthoroughlyrelaxed.A．demandB．purposeC．endD．result答案：①on②For③For④by;by⑤B7．getalongwith與……相處；進(jìn)展●用法拓展getalongwithsb.“同某人相處”，在getalong后可以加副詞，表示相處得如何。getalongwithsth.某事進(jìn)展/進(jìn)行①Ican'tgetalongwithhim.Helikestomakefunofme.我不能與他相處。他喜歡嘲笑我。②Theprojectisgettingalongmuchbetternow.這項(xiàng)工程現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展好多了?！裼梅ㄍ卣筭etabout/around(消息)傳開get...across講清楚；(使)被領(lǐng)會(huì)getawayfrom離開；脫身get...back收回，找回get...down記下來；使悲傷，使沮喪getdownto認(rèn)真做，開始著手做getin到達(dá)；收割geton上車/船/飛機(jī)等；繼續(xù)進(jìn)行；相處getover克服，擺脫getridof消滅，擺脫，除掉gettogether聚會(huì)，聯(lián)歡①Arumorgotaroundthatshewasillinhospital.有謠言說她患病住院了。②Yourmeaningdidn'treallygetacross.你的意思未必真正被別人理解。③It'stimeIgotdowntothinkingaboutthatessay.我該認(rèn)真思考一下那篇論文了。④Ithinktheproblemcanbegotoverwithouttoomuchdifficulty.我認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題不太難解決。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空①Idon'tthinkyourspeech________tothecrowd,fortheyappearedquitepuzzled.A．gotbackB．gotawayC．gotthroughD．gotacross②Thefinalexaminationiscomingupsoon.It'stimeforusto________ourstudies.A．getdowntoB．getoutC．getbackforD．getover答案：①D②A重點(diǎn)句式1.Whilewalkingthedog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.在遛狗時(shí)，你不小心讓狗掙脫了繩子，結(jié)果狗被車撞了。●用法拓展Whilewalkingthedog＝Whileyouwerewalkingthedog.當(dāng)while，when，before，after等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，而且從句中謂語動(dòng)詞又含有be的某種形式時(shí)，可將從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞省去。如：Whileyouarewalkingacrosstheroads(＝Whilewalkingacrosstheroads)，youarenevertoocarefulenough.當(dāng)你穿越馬路時(shí)，你越小心越好。即境活用改寫句子①Whenhewaswalkinginthestreet，hecameacrossoneofhisfriends.________________________________________________________________________②ThoughIamtired，Ibelieverunningdoesusalotofgood.________________________________________________________________________③Heneverspeakstoothersunlessspokento.________________________________________________________________________答案：①Whenwalkinginthestreet，hecameacrossoneofhisfriends.②Thoughtired，Ibelieverunningdoesusalotofgood.③Heneverspeakstoothersunlessheisspokento.2．...butyourfriendcan'tgountilhe/shefinishescleaninghis/herbicycle...但是直到你的朋友清洗完他(她)的自行車他(她)才能去?！裼梅ㄍ卣箄ntil直到……為止，notuntil直到……才。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某時(shí)”，動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。否定形式表達(dá)的意思是“直至某時(shí)才做某事”。動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。①Isleptuntilmidnight.我一直睡到半夜才醒了。(在肯定句中可用before代替。Let'sgetinthewheatbeforethesunsets.)②Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。③Ididn'tmanagetodoituntilyouhadexplainedhow.直到你教我后，我才會(huì)做?！裉貏e提示(1)Notuntil...在句首，主句用倒裝。①Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.直到19世紀(jì)初，人類才知道熱能是什么。②NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.直到我開始工作，我才意識(shí)到了我已蹉跎了多少歲月。(2)Itisnotuntil...that...是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。ItisnotuntilhecomesbackthatIwillleave.直到他回來我才會(huì)離開。(3)Untilwhen疑問句中，until要放在句首。—Untilwhenareyoustaying？你呆到什么時(shí)候？—Untilnextmonday.呆到下周一。即境活用翻譯句子直到他的父親睡著他才敢回家。①強(qiáng)調(diào)句________________________________________________________________________②倒裝句________________________________________________________________________答案：①Itwasnotuntilhisfatherhadfallenasleepthathedaredtogohome.②Notuntilhisfatherhadfallenasleepdidhedaretogohome.3．Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道是不是因?yàn)樽约洪L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱?！裼梅ㄍ卣勾司渲械腎t's...that是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分＋that/who＋其他成分”用來強(qiáng)調(diào)主語、賓語和狀語等成分。that只起連接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為人作主語時(shí)可用who，也可用that，其他情況一律用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時(shí)，that后的謂語動(dòng)詞必須與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語人稱和數(shù)保持一致。(2)特殊句式中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：①如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是特殊疑問句中的疑問詞，表示“到底，究竟”等語氣時(shí)，就用如下結(jié)構(gòu)：“特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that/who＋該句的其余部分”，that/who后只能使用陳述語序。②在強(qiáng)調(diào)“not...until”結(jié)構(gòu)中由until所引導(dǎo)的短語(或從句)作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)，要用固定的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：“It＋is/was＋notuntil...＋that＋該句的其余部分”，that所引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用肯定式。(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型要注意和it指代時(shí)間、距離、溫度、自然現(xiàn)象、具體事物或人物等時(shí)所構(gòu)成的各種句型的區(qū)別。判斷是否是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，可采用“還原法”，即把“Itis/was...that/who”去掉。如果還原為一般句式后，句子各種成分完整，則是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則不是。①ItisIthat/whoamgoingforaholidaywithMary.是我跟瑪麗一塊兒去度假。②Howwasitthatyoumissedsuchafinelecture?你怎么錯(cuò)過了這么精彩的演講呢？③ItwasnotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesthatIrealizedhewasafamousfilmstar.直到他摘下墨鏡我才認(rèn)出他是著名的影星。④Itwasinhistownthathewasbroughtup.他是在鎮(zhèn)上被養(yǎng)大的。⑤Itwasthistownwhere/inwhichhewasbroughtup.這是他被撫養(yǎng)長(zhǎng)大的城鎮(zhèn)。(定語從句)即境活用單項(xiàng)填空①Itisinthatpoorvillage,________Marylivedandworked15yearsago,________shewillbuildherfirstschool,whichinspireseveryonetohelpher.A．where;whenB．that;thatC．that;whenD．where;that②________sheisnotsohealthy________sheusedtobe?A．Whyisitthat;asB．Whyisitthat;whatC．Isitwhy;thatD．Whyitisthat;as答案：①D②A4．Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.我記得很清楚，以前(有那么一段時(shí)間)，湛藍(lán)的天空，鳥兒的歌唱，月光和鮮花，從未使我心迷神往過?！裼梅ㄍ卣筎herewasatimewhen...以前有那么一段時(shí)間……；when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞atime。TherewasatimewhenmyfatherworkedinBostonandcamehomeonlyonweekends.曾經(jīng)有那么一段時(shí)間，我父親在波士頓工作，只在周末回家。time后跟從句的常用結(jié)構(gòu)：atthetimeyouareworking在你工作的時(shí)間bythetimewereachedhome到我們回到家的時(shí)候lasttimeIwasthere我上次在那兒的時(shí)候everytimeIsawher每次我見到她It'stimethat...到了……的時(shí)候，that從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣。①It'stimeweweregoing.我們?cè)撟吡?。②It'shightimewetookaction.真到了我們?cè)摬扇⌒袆?dòng)的時(shí)候了。即境活用翻譯句子我們?cè)撋蠈W(xué)了。________________________________________________________________________答案：It'stimewewenttoschool./It'stimeforustogotoschool.5．Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower;itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface...漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半來第一次目睹這樣的夜晚……●用法拓展Itwasthefirsttimethat...這是第一次……這個(gè)句型中，it可以換為this,that;was可以換為is,willbe;first可以換為second,third...last；從句謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)。①ItwasthefirsttimeIhadbeeninaplane.那是我第一次坐飛機(jī)。②Thisisthefourthtimeshehasrungyouthisweek.這是本周內(nèi)她第四次給你打電話。③ItwillbethefirsttimethatIhavebeenabroad.這將是我第一次在國(guó)外。●用法拓展thefirsttime“第一次”，用作連詞，后接時(shí)間狀語從句。forthefirsttime“第一次”，用作介詞短語，單獨(dú)作狀語，不接從句。Itistimethatsb.didsth.＝Itistimeforsb.todosth.某人該做某事了①HeleftagoodimpressiononmethefirsttimeIsawhim.第一次見面他就給我留下了好印象。②Icomehereforthefirsttime.我第一次來這里。③Itistimethatthegovernmenttookaction.到了政府采取措施的時(shí)候了。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Oneofthemtoldme，“thisisthefirsttimeI________tothecapitaltoattendtheflag-raisingceremony.”A．cameB．comeC．havecomeD．hadcome答案：C6．Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.媽媽問她穿這么多衣服是不是很熱。●用法拓展withsomanyclotheson為“with＋賓語＋副詞(賓補(bǔ))”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語或定語?！皐ith＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾種形式：①with＋賓語＋adj.Helikessleepingwiththewindowopen.他喜歡開著窗子睡覺。②with＋賓語＋副詞Hefellasleepwiththelightoff.他睡覺的時(shí)候燈關(guān)了。③with＋賓語＋現(xiàn)在分詞(表示主動(dòng))Withsomanychildrentalkingandlaughing，theteachercan'tgoonwithhislessons.這么多孩子又說又笑，老師不能繼續(xù)上課。④with＋賓語＋過去分詞(表示被動(dòng))Theboywentouttoplaywithhishomeworkunfinished.作業(yè)沒完成，男孩就出去玩了。⑤with＋賓語＋不定式(側(cè)重于將來，側(cè)重于原因)Withanursetolookafterhissickmother，hewasabletogotowork.有護(hù)士照顧他生病的母親，所以他就能上班了。⑥with＋賓語＋介詞短語MissGaocameintotheclassroomwithabookinherhand.高老師手拿一本書進(jìn)了教室。即境活用完成句子①那個(gè)男孩站在那里，低著頭。Theboystoodthere，________________________________.②有些書要買，他去了書店。________________________________________，hewenttothebookstore.③我住在那個(gè)亮著燈的房間里。Iliveintheroom________________________________.答案：①withhisheaddown②Withsomebookstobuy③withthelighton7．AlthoughItrytotalktomyclassmates,Istillfindithardtomakegoodfriendswiththem.雖然我試著去跟班上的同學(xué)交談，但我還是發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟他們成為好朋友。●用法拓展本句中it為形式賓語，不定式短語tomakegoodfriendswiththem作真正的賓語。當(dāng)不定式或that從句作find的賓語而且后面帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，一般用it作形式賓語，把真正的賓語放到賓語補(bǔ)足語的后面。有這種用法的詞除了find外，還有think,make,leave,consider等。①Youmayfindithardtoacceptyourillness.你可能覺得難以接受自己患病。②Ihavemadeitclearthatnobodyisallowedtosmokehere.我已經(jīng)講得很清楚，任何人不準(zhǔn)在這兒吸煙。③Ithinkitbestthatyoushouldstayhere.我想你最好待在這里。④Ileaveittoyoutojudge.我把它留給你作判斷。find后面常跟復(fù)合賓語，其賓語補(bǔ)足語多為形容詞、非謂語動(dòng)詞、名詞、介詞短語等，構(gòu)成“find＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。即：find＋sb./sth.＋adj./p.p．/n./todo/doing/prep.-phrase。①Thechildwasfinallyfoundsafeandsound.小孩最終被找到了，安全無恙。②Ididn'texpecttocomehomeandfindhimgone.我沒料到回到家卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他已經(jīng)走了。③Isuddenlyfoundmyselfrunningdownthestreet.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己突然在街上跑了起來。④Shewokeupandfoundherselfinahospitalbed.她醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己躺在醫(yī)院的床上。即境活用單項(xiàng)填空Thechairmanthought________necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.A．thatB．itC．thisD．him答案：B8．...Sadly...I'monlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.……很難過……我只能透過懸掛在沾滿灰塵的窗前的臟兮兮的窗簾觀看大自然?！裼梅ㄍ卣箂adly副詞放句首，修飾全句，作狀語。例如：Sadlyhefailedintheimportantexam.非常遺憾的是他未通過這次重要考試。HappilyforallChinese,theOlympicGameshasbeenheldsuccessfullyinBeijingin2008.令我們中國(guó)人高興的是，2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)已經(jīng)在北京成功舉辦。即境活用翻譯句子①幸運(yùn)的是人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到保護(hù)地球的重要性。________________________________________________________________________②非常遺憾的是他未通過這次駕照考試。________________________________________________________________________答案：①Fortunatelypeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofprotectingourearth.②Sadlyhefailedinthedrivingtest.知能層層練一、單項(xiàng)填空1．—WouldyoumindmovingoveroneseatsomywifeandIcansittogether?—________A．Nevermind.B．Notatall.C．No,Iwouldn't.D．Itdoesn'tmatter.答案：B2．Yesterdaywewrotehimaletter________thebusinessarrangement.A．concernB．concernedC．concerningD．toconcern答案：C3．________thepoemasecondtime,themeaningwillbecomeclearertoyou.A．YouhavingreadB．WhilereadingC．IfreadingD．Whenyouread答案：D4．It'sthefirsttimethistermthatwe________anexaminationafterclassintheafternoon.A．didn'thaveB．a(chǎn)ren'thavingC．don'thaveD．haven'thad答案：D5．Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright________isofimportance.A．whichB．itC．thatD．this答案：C6．Hehasthehabitof________usefulinformationwhilereading.A．gettingdownB．settingdownC．goingdownD．bringingdown答案：B7．Filledwithgreat________，theboyliftedtheheavystoneontohisshoulder.A．powerB．energyC．strengthD．force答案：C8．Shedevotedherself________toherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.A．stronglyB．extremelyC．entirelyD．freely答案：C9．Oncetellinghimthetruth,________.A．hewillbenervousallthetimeB．hewillfindhimselfnervousallthetimeC．youwillfindhimnervousallthetimeD．everyonewillfindhimnervousallthetime答案：C10．Hecamebackhomeverylatelastnight.________，at200thismorning.A．TobehonestB．TobeexactC．TotellthetruthD．Tobesorry答案：B二、選用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。1．Deweyhasbeeninhospitalforseveralweeks________abadback.2．EverytimeI________thesefigures,Igetadifferentanswer.3．Whynot________thegame?You'llsurelyhavefunwithus.4．Ifyoufeelnervous,takeadeepbreathanditwillhelpyou________.5．Thewholesocietyshould________thehealthandsoundgrowthofchildren.6．Shecame________withtheprofessorashewalkedintothelecturehall.7．HelikedthewayMarysmiledand________withheralmostimmediately.8．You'dbetter________hisaddressandtelephonenumberincaseyouforget