專題15動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(將來時被動語態(tài))（清單）-高考英語一輪復習知識清單（全國通用）原卷版

【口袋書】專題15動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)(將來時+被動語態(tài))清單（原卷版）目錄考點清單九、一般將來時五種表達方法P1考點清單十、一般將來進行時典型用法P2考點清單十一、將來完成時兩種典型用法P2考點清單十二、被動語態(tài)兩種典型用法P3考點清單十三、主動形式表示被動意義五種典型用法P4分類訓練（一）單句填空(高考真題)P5分類訓練（二）單句填空(經(jīng)典模擬)P6分類訓練（三）單句改錯（高考真題）P7分類訓練（四）寫作升格（高考書面表達滿分范文）P7分類訓練（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）P8（一）嚴重干旱影響歐洲多國民生P9（二）中國文化格外吸引外國留學生P9考點清單九、一般將來時五種表達方法要點精講1：will/shalldo表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，是最常見的一般將來時表達形式。注意willdo還可以表示不以人的意志為轉移的自然規(guī)律；表示臨時性決定或打算，還可以用于“祈使句+and+陳述句”中。例1：Ishallbefreethisafternoon.例2：Mysisterwillbe18nextyear.例3：—Georgephonedwhileyouwereout.—Ok.Iwillphonehimback.例4：Workhardandyouwillsucceed.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment.—Allright.I__________(call)himlater.2.SearchthewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyou___________(learn)alotaboutfirefighting3.Asyougothroughthisbook,you________(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarIIhadadifferentexperience.4.(2016江蘇)Moreefforts,asreported,___________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupply-sidestructuralreform.要點精講2：begoingtodo也是一般將來時表達方式，表示推測時強調(diào)說話有充分依據(jù)，尤指天氣變化。例1：Areyougoingtoplaybasketballafterclass?例2：Lookatthoseblackclouds.Itisgoingtorain.【即時訓練】單句改錯。5.Takeanumbrellawithyou.Lookattheblackcloud,itistorain.要點精講3：“beaboutto+動詞原形”表示打算或據(jù)安排即將發(fā)生的動作。它不與表示時間的副詞或其他時間狀語連用。例：TheEnglisheveningisabouttostart.要點精講4：“beto+動詞原形”表示約定的、計劃中的或按職責、義務要求要發(fā)生的動作，這種動作通常是人的意志所能控制的，或用于征求意見。例1：Thereistobeaslideshowthisafternoon.例2：Youaretohandinyourpapersby10o'clock.要點精講5：現(xiàn)在進行時表將來，這一結構常用于表示位置轉移的動詞，如come,go,leave,start,move,arrive等。例1：IamleavingforTibetonSunday.例2：Whenareyougoingbacktoyourfactory?考點清單十、一般將來進行時典型用法要點精講：將來進行時表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作，常用的時間狀語有bythistimetomorrow等等。例1：Bythistimetomorrow,Iwillbelyingonthebeach.例2：Don'tphonemebetween8:00and10:00.Wewillbehavingclassesthen.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。6.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe_________(teach)aclassatthattime.7.You'dbetternotphonethemanagerbetween7and8tomorrowevening;he________(have)animportantmeetingthen.考點清單十一、將來完成時兩種典型用法要點精講1：一般將來完成時（willhavedone）表示將來某一時間或動作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，通常與before或by,bytheendof,bythetime…等結構連用。例1：Bytheendofthismonth,wewillhavestudied10units.例2：Whentheymoveherenextmonth,wewillhavelivedinthecityfor5years.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。8.Onthenextbirthday,Ann_____________(marry)fortwentyyears.9.---IhearthatJasonisplanningtobuyacar.---Iknow.Bynextmonth,he__________(save)enoughforausedone.要點精講2：過去將來完成時（wouldhavedone）表示將來某一時間之前已經(jīng)完成的動作，多與賓語從句和虛擬語氣連用。例1：IthoughtSophiawouldhavetoldyousomething.例2：Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwewouldhavesavedhislife.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。10.(2019江蘇)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.11.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.12.We_____________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.考點清單十二、被動語態(tài)兩種典型用法要點精講1：“be+及物動詞的過去分詞”是被動語態(tài)最基本形式，動詞時態(tài)的變化主要從be動詞的變化來體現(xiàn)。被動語態(tài)的行為發(fā)出者常由介詞by引導，應特別注意這一顯性標志，有時by短語可以省略。被動語態(tài)還可以用于“情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞”結構。例1：Hasthedoctorbeensentfor?例2：Apolicemanisknownbytheclotheshewears.

例3：Goodcaremustbetakenofthebabiesparticularlywhiletheyareill.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。13.(2017全國Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt_____________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.14.(2016北京)Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheirefforts_____________(reward)withsuccessintheend.15.Badcustomsandlawsoughtto____________(abandon),sincetheyareinappropriateforthedevelopmentofthesociety.16.Largequantitiesofinformation,aswellastimelyhelp_____________(offer)tousoverthepast2years.要點精講2：被動語態(tài)還可用“get+過去分詞”結構，這種結構多用在口語中，強調(diào)動作的結果。例1：Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.例2：AsIpassedby,myskirtgotcaughtonanail.

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。17.Mum,IwaswonderingifyoucouldlendmeafewdollarsuntilIget___________(pay)onFriday.

18.Sarah,hurryup.I’mafraidyouwouldn’thavetimeto

get

____________(change)beforetheparty.考點清單十三、主動形式表示被動意義五種典型用法要點精講1：“系動詞+表語”結構中系動詞主動形式表示被動意義。這些系動詞分三類：①感官類系動詞：look,seem,appear,feel,sound,taste,smell②變化類系動詞：become,turn,come,go,fall,get③保持證明類系動詞：stay,keep,be,remain,prove,turnout例1：Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.例2：Hisdreamofbeingadancerhascometrue.例3：Whathesaidprovedtobecorrectintheend.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。19.Theflowers_________(smell)sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.20.Thewater__________(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.21.Withmanytroubleproblems,suchasunemploymentandcrime____________(remain)tobesolved,themayorseemstobeataloss.要點精講2：write,read,sell,wear,wash,open,shut等用作不及物動詞且表示主語的某種屬性，多用于“動詞+副詞”結構，常用主動形式表被動意義。例1：Mypenwritessmoothly.例2：Theplayreadsmoreeasilythanacts.

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。22.---Whydidyoumakethekiteofclothinsteadofpaper?---Becausepaper________(tear)easily.23.---Whatdoyouthinkofmycomposition?---It__________(read)wellexceptforafewspellingmistakes.24.---WhatdoyouthinkofmynewT-shirt?---Iamsureit__________(wear)verywellandkeepsitsshape.要點精講3：某些不及物動詞(短語)，本身表被動含義，所以它們常用主動形式。如happen,occur,exist，comeout出版,comeintobeing產(chǎn)生,comeabout發(fā)生,breakout爆發(fā),belongto屬于,datefrom=datebackto追溯到,arisefrom由……引起,runout用光等。例1：Whendidtheaccidentoccur?例2：Thebooklyingonthetopoftheshelfbelongstome.例3：Thisyear'seventwilltakeplaceonJune19th,aweekearlierthanusual.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。25.ThisproverbisbasedonanoldEnglishlaw____________(date)backtothe17thcentury.26.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture___________(belong)tothewell-educated.27.Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeaths____________(arise)fromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.28.Nowit__________(occur)tohimthathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.要點精講4：measure,weigh表示“測量起來，稱重起來”，后接短語主動表被動；beworthdoing,want/need/requiredoing中動名詞主動表被動；betoblame表示“該受到責備”也是主動表被動。例1：Thisnoveliswellworthreading.例2：Thepondmeasuresabout2metresacross.例3：Theclassroombadlyrequirescleaning.例4：Which

driver

was

to

blame

for

the

accident?

【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。29.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneed___________(repair). 30.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceofthe16-year-oldboy,sayingthathewasnottheone__________(blame).31.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand___________(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.要點精講5：在“be+形容詞+不定式短語”結構中，不定式主動形式表被動意義。例1：Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.例2：Thebabyisnoteasytolookafter.【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。32.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant__________(deal)with.33.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).34.Tomaskedthecandymakersiftheycouldmakethechocolateeasier__________(break)intosmallpieces.分類訓練（一）高考真題【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。1.(2022新高考I)Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP______________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity…2.(2022浙江1月)Travellingtoconferences,lectures,workshops,andthelikefrequentlybyplane57(view)asimportantforscientiststogettogetherandexchangeinformation.3.(2021全國甲)TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It______________(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.4.(2020全國I)“Thisreallyexcitesscientists,”CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,“becauseit__________(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon______________(construct).”5.(2020天津)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand______________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.6.(2020全國III)Theartistwassurehewould______________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.7.(2020北京)Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___________(throw)away.8.（2023全國甲卷）Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill70(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.9.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.10.(2020浙江)And,asmorechildrenwereborn,morefood______________(need).分類訓練（二）模擬訓練【即時訓練】在空白處填入括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。11.Don'tcallmeatninetomorrowbecauseI______________(study)atthelibrarythen.12.Therearemanydictionarieshere,butwhichone_____________(belong)toyou?13.Theteachersaid,“Jerry,Ihopeyou______________(be)morecarefulnexttime.”14.MytrainarrivesinShanghaiat10thismorning.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromthere______________(leave)bythen.15.Breakfast______________(serve)between7:00and8:00tomorrowmorning,we'dbettergetupearly.16.Yourpassport______________(return)toyouwhenyoucheckoutofyourhotel.17.Researchfindingshaveshownthatabout20percentofpeoplecan_____________(classify)as“nightowls.”18.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan____________(carry)outinthefollowingtwoyears.19.—DidyouinviteSarahtoyourbirthdayparty?—Sorry,Iforget.I_____________(call)hernow.20.Don'tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______________(repay)laterinlife.分類訓練（三）單句改錯【即時訓練】下列各句均有一處錯誤，請指出并糾正。21.IwouldcomesoonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.22.Thereissomuchnoiseupstairs—apartyisheldbysomeyoungpeople.23.Morethan$10millionhadspentcarryingouttheprojectbytheendoflastyear.24.TheymadeuptheirmindthattheywillbuyanewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs.25.AspecialcommitteeofscientistswillestablishedtostudyAI'seffectsoneconomyintheyearsahead.26.HadIknownaboutthatusefulcomputerprogram,Iwillhavesavedahugeamountoftimeandenergy.27.Theoldcouplehavemarriedformoreman40yearsandneveroncehavetheyquarreledwitheachother.28.Acommunicativesatelliteweighsasmuchas3.5tonswassentupintospacelastweek.29.Shakespeare’splayHamlethasmadeintoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.30.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeoplepersuadedtoeatmorefruitandvegetables.分類訓練（四）寫作升格（高考書面表達滿分范文）31.(2022全國乙)很容易看出，選擇聽英語歌曲和看英語電影的學生比例是65%和50%。___________________________________________________________________________________________32.(2022全國乙)因為他們?nèi)狈ψ月?，特忙更容易對網(wǎng)上聊天和電腦游戲上癮。___________________________________________________________________________________________33.(2022全國甲)參與的人越多，海洋環(huán)境就越好。___________________________________________________________________________________________34.(2022全國甲)2009年聯(lián)合國把6月8日正式命名為“世界海洋日”，設立的目的是提高保護海洋的意識，這在全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中起重要作用。___________________________________________________________________________________________35.(2021全國乙)首先，我們在家最好遵循學校時間表，這肯定會促進我們學習效率。___________________________________________________________________________________________36.(2021全國乙)我很榮幸在此演講。我將談的是如何成為智慧的網(wǎng)上學習者。___________________________________________________________________________________________37.(2021全國乙)我完全相信借助于這些技巧我們就會成為智慧的網(wǎng)上學習者。___________________________________________________________________________________________38.(2021全國甲)如果可能的話，你盡快回復我。我會考慮您的建議。___________________________________________________________________________________________39.(2021新高考I)我希望你們《青年》這份報紙更加深受我們學生歡迎。___________________________________________________________________________________________40.(2020全國I)當我學習上遇到問題時，父親會耐心傾聽我，鼓勵我去勇敢克服困難。___________________________________________________________________________________________分類訓練（五）語法填空（外刊原創(chuàng)）（一）嚴重干旱影響歐洲多國民生Withalongdroughtthissummer,theiconicDutchfloodcontrolproject,41(consist)ofamajordamandacauseway,haskeptitsfloodgates42(close)topreventfreshwaterfromflowingintotheseaandhelpLakeIJsselmaintainitswaterlevel.Forhundredsofyears,floodinghasalwaysbeenaproblemfortheDutchpeople,43havebuiltinfrastructures(基礎設施)includingdamsanddykes44(protect)some55percentflood-proneareasinthecountry.Thissummer,theNetherlandshasonceagainencountered45extremedrought,withthewaterlevelofinlandriversandlakesdecliningtohistoricallows(最低點).Agriculture,shippingandnatureare46(particular)affected.Atthesametime,similar47(scene)ofdroughtandwaterscarcity(水荒)haveoccurredinsomeotherEuropeancountries.InSlovenia,water-savingmeasures48(take)sinceearlyJuly,includingrestrictionsonbeachshowers,lawnwatering,carwashes,swimmingpoolfillingandprivateyardwashing.InBelgium,18citiesinthesouthernFrench-speakingWalloniaregionhavealsoadoptedwaterrestrictions,with49fivecitiescloselymonitoringthesituation.InSpain,somesupermarketshavestartedrationing(定量分配)icecubes,andseveralsupermarketchainshavelimitedcustomers50twobagsoficeperperson.Climateexpertspointoutthatclimatechangeisbehindthecurrentextremedrought