2023年研究生類研究生入學考試專業(yè)課英語專業(yè)英漢互譯歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類研究生入學考試專業(yè)課英語專業(yè)英漢互譯歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共25題)1.Whenthecloudsplayinthecanyon,astheyoftendointherainyseason,anothersetofeffectsisproduced.Cloudscreepoutofcanyonsandwindintoothercanyons.Theheavensseemtobealive,notmovingasmovetheheavenoveraplain,inonedirectionwiththewind,butfollowingthemultipliedcoursesofthesegorges.Inthismannerthelittlecloudsseemtobeindividualized,tohavewillsandsoulsoftheirown,andtobegoingondiverseerrands—avastassemblageofself-willedclouds,faringhereandthere,intentuponpurposeshiddenintheirownbreasts.Intheimaginationthecloudsbelongtothesky,andwhentheyareinthecanyontheskiescomedownintothegorgesandclingtothecliffsandliftthemuptoimmeasurableheights,fortheskymuststillbefaraway.Thustheylendinfinitytothewalls.(fromTheMostSublimeSpectacleOnEarthbyJohnWesleyPowell)2.1957年10月蘇聯(lián)成功發(fā)射第一顆人造衛(wèi)星，揭開了人類歷史由地球邁向太空的第一頁。此后短短半個世紀里，人類的外空探索活動突飛猛進，取得了輝煌的成就。人類不僅成功登陸月球，而且還將研究的觸手伸向火星等更為遙遠的星球。截止到2006年底，環(huán)繞地球飛行的各類人造物體，包括人造衛(wèi)星、航天飛機、國際空間站、空間實驗室等接近6000個。3.NotlongagoIheardmyselfdescribeafriend,half-jokingly,as"amuchbetterpersonthanIam,thatis,shedoesn'tgossipsomuch."IheardmyvoicedistortedbythatsamefalsenotethatsometimescreepsintoitwhensocialstrainandsomemisguidednotionofamiabilitymakemeassenttoopinionsIdon'treallyshare.4.InlikemannerArnoldisthepoetofunpoeticalnatures.Inhisversethereisnorebellion,nodivinediscontent,nohumansympathy,noreachingfortheunattainable.MagnificentdisdainfortheconventionsoftheworldisnottobefoundinArnold.WhenO'ConnortoldhimthatthehighestmeritofWhitmanwashisunlikenesstoanyoneelse,herepliedthatthiswashisdemerit."Noone,"hecontinued,"canaffordinliteraturetotrademerelyonhisownbottomandtotakenoaccountofwhattheotheragesandnationshaveacquired:agreatoriginalliteratureAmericawillnevergetinthisway,andherintellectmustinevitablyconsenttocome,inaconsiderablemeasure,intotheEuropeanmovement."

Arnoldhadadeep,unreasoningfearofthefiresofcreativegenius.Hispoetryisthehistoryofasoulstrugglingagainstitsdeepestimpulses.Nowandthencreativeenergyovercameintellectualdisdainandhesoaredintotheempyrean;morefrequentlytherestraintofconventionalanddisciplinedthoughttiedhimtotheworld.Whenitdid,originalitysuccumbedtoimitation;instinctgavewaytoreason;defiancedwindledintodespair;thedeep-seatedimpulsesofthesoulresolvedthemselvesintoformalism;andbeautydied.5.ByThomasdeQuincy

Whatisitthatwemeanbyliterature?Popularly,andamongstthethoughtless,itisheldtoincludeeverythingthatisprintedinabook.Littlelogicisrequiredtodisturbthatdefinition.Themostthoughtlesspersoniseasilymadeawarethatintheideaofliteratureoneessentialelementissomerelationtoagenera[andcommoninterestofman—sothatwhatappliesonlytoalocal,orprofessional,ormerelypersonalinterest,eventhoughpresentingitselfintheshapeerabook,willnotbelongtoLiterature.Sofarthedefinitioniseasilynarrowed;anditisaseasilyexpanded.Fornotonlyismuchthattakesastationinbooksnotliterature;butinversely,muchthatreallyisliteratureneverreachesastationinbooks.TheweeklysermonsofChristendom,thatvastpulpitliteraturewhichactssoextensivelyuponthepopularmind—towarn,touphold,torenew,tocomfort,toalarm—doesnotattainthesanctuaryoflibrariesintheten-thousandthpartofitsextent.TheDramagain—as,forinstance,thefinestofShakespeare'splaysinEngland,andanleadingAthenianplaysinthenoontideoftheAtticstage—operatedasaliteratureonthepublicmind,andwere(accordingtothestrictestletterofthatterm)publishedthroughtheaudiencesthatwitnessedtheirrepresentationsometimebeforetheywerepublishedasthingstoberead;andtheywerepublishedinthisscenicalmodeofpublicationwithmuchmoreeffectthantheycouldhavehadasbooksduringagesofcostlycopyingorofcostlyprinting.6.Germanyasawholeisunderemployed.Germansinworkputinanaverageof1,430hoursin2006,thethird-lowestrateintheOECD.Evenafterthelabour-marketreforms,long-termunemploymentremainswellabovetheOECDaverage.MorethanhalfamillionimmigrantscannotdothejobsforwhichtheytrainedbecauseGermanydoesnotrecognizetheirqualifications,acaseofcredentialismgonewild.Acountryindemographicdeclinecannotaffordsuchwaste.By2035Germany'sGDPperpersonwillfallby8-15%relativetothatinotherrichEuropeancountriesandinAmerica.

Toheadoffsuchrelativedecline,Germanyneedstore-engineernotonlythewelfarestatebutitsattitudestowardsimmigrants,womenandpeopleover60.Againstitsconservativeinstinctsithasmadeastart.Inthepasttenyearsithaddonemoretointegrateminoritiesthanintheprevious40.When"guestworkers"fromTurkey,ItalyandGreecefloodedintoalleviatelaborshortagesinthe1950sand60s,Germansthoughttheywouldeventuallyleaveagain;duringthe1980sthegovernmenttriedtopaythemtogo.NowitacceptsthatGermanyisan"immigrationcountry".Acitizenshiplawpassedin2000whichsaidthatpeoplenotbornGermancouldbecomesowasfollowedin2005byanimmigrationlawthatinchedopenthedoorsforskilledforeigners.

Thegovernmenthasmaintainedacautiousmomentum,balancingwelcomewithademandthatimmigrantsadapttoGermanways.Undera"nationalintegrationplan"orchestratedbythegrandcoalition,languagetrainingforimmigrantsandtheirchildrenisbeingexpandedandbusinesseshavepromisedtocreateextratrainingplacesformigrants.Thecoalitionsetupastanding"IslamConference"tonegotiaterelationsbetweenthereligionandthestate.ItsmainsuccessesweretoestablishthatMuslimsseenocontradictionbetweentheirfaithandGermany'sconstitution,andtoagreeinprincipletoteachIslaminstateschools,asJudaismandChristianityalreadyare.7.Someweeksago,ridinginacabfromBostontoCambridge,mydriverturnedandaskedmewhatIdidforaliving."TeachEnglish,"Isaid."Isthatso?"theyoungmancontinued."IwasanEnglishmajor."Butthen,insteadofchattingidlyaboutJoyceordroppingthesubjectaltogether,thisdrivercaughtmeshort."Youguys,"hesaid,turningbacksothathisfurryfacepressedintotheglasspartition,"oughttobeshot."Ithinkhemeantit.

Theguiltypartyinthispresentstateofaffairsisnotreallytheacademicdiscipline.ItisnotthefaultofEnglishandphilosophyandbiologythatengineeringandaccountingandcomputerscienceaffordstudentsbetterjobopportunitiesandincreasedflexibilityincareerchoice.Literatureandanunderstandingof,say,man'sevolutionarypastareasimportantasever.Theysimplyarenolongerperceivedintoday'smarketassalable.Thatistheharsheconomicfact.AnditisnotonlytrueintheUnitedStates.EmploymentprospectsforliberalartsgraduatesinCanada,forexample,aresaidtobetheworstsincetile1930s.

Whattodo?Ithinkitwouldbeshortsightedforcollegesanduniversitiestoadvisestudentsagainstmajoringincertainsubjectsthatdonotappearlinked(atleastdirectly)tocareers.Whereourenergiesshouldbedirectedinsteadistowardthedevelopmentofeducationalprogramsthatcombinecoursesequencesintheliberalartswithcoursesequencesintheviableprofessions.Doublemajors—oneforenrichment,oneforearningone'sbread—haveneverbeenpromotedveryseriouslyinourinstitutionsofhigherlearning,mainlybecauseliberalartsandprofessional-vocationalfacultieshavelongbeensuspiciousorcontemptuousofoneanother.Thusstudentshavebeendirectedtoonepathortheother,tothedisadvantageofbothstudentsandfaculty.8.ItmayperhapsbethoughtsuperfluoustoofferargumentstoprovetheutilityoftheUNION(聯(lián)邦),apoint,nodoubt,deeplyengravedontheheartsofthegreatbodyofthepeopleineveryState,andone,whichitmaybeimagined,hasnoadversaries.Butthefactis,thatwealreadyhearitwhisperedintheprivatecirclesofthosewhoopposethenewConstitution,thatthethirteenStatesareoftoogreatextentforanygeneralsystem,andthatwemustofnecessityresorttoseparateconfederaciesofdistinctportionsofthewhole.Thisdoctrinewill,inallprobability,begraduallypropagated,tillithasvotariesenoughtocountenanceanopenavowalofit.Fornothingcanbemoreevident,tothosewhoareabletotakeanenlargedviewofthesubject,thanthealternativeofanadoptionofthenewConstitutionoradismembermentoftheUnion.ItwillthereforebeofusetobeginbyexaminingtheadvantagesofthatUnion,thecertainevils,andtheprobabledangers,towhicheveryStatewillbeexposedfromitsdissolution.9.最后我聽了一堂音樂課，應該說是欣賞了一堂音樂課。老師很活潑，這堂課先是播放了邁克爾·杰克遜的《我們同屬一個世界》，這堂課的主題是讓世界充滿愛。我對音樂是門外漢，但是我邊聽邊感到這是一堂藝術熏陶課，對孩子是藝術的熏陶，也可以說是堂美學(aesthetics)課。美學從大的方面講就是真善美，就是世界事物的真善美，這就是那首歌的真諦。因此聽完課我就即席講了一篇話，我說沒有愛就沒有教育，沒有愛就沒有一切。一堂音樂課讓孩子們通過唱歌來懂得人世間的愛，懂得人世間的真善美。其次是人們的心底。孩子們都有心理活動，就是孩子們心底都有知、情、義。這就要求學生要有愛心，懂得愛父母、愛老師、愛家鄉(xiāng)、愛祖國，人最起碼的愛就是這些。10.Everybookstandsbyitself,likeaone-familyhouse,butbooksinalibraryarelikehousesinacity.Althoughtheyareseparate,togethertheyalladduptosomething;theyareconnectedwitheachotherandwithothercities.Thesameideas,orrelatedones,turnupindifferentplaces;thehumanproblemsthatrepeatthemselvesinliferepeatthemselvesinliterature,butwithdifferentsolutionsaccordingtodifferentwritingsatdifferenttimes.Booksinfluenceeachother;theylinkthepast,thepresentandthefutureandhavetheirowngenerations,likefamilies.Whereveryoustartreadingyouconnectyourselfwithoneofthefamiliesofideas,and,inthelongrun,younotonlyfindoutabouttheworldandthepeopleinit;youfindoutaboutyourself,too.

Readingcanonlybefunifyouexpectittobe.Ifyouconcentrateonbookssomebodytellsyouyou"ought"toread,youprobablywon'thavefun.Butifyouputdownabookyoudon'tlikeandtryanothertillyoufindonethatmeanssomethingtoyou,andthenrelaxwithit,youwillalmostcertainlyhaveagoodtime—andifyoubecome,asaresultofreading,better,wiser,kinder,ormoregentle,youwon'thavesufferedduringtheprocess.11.臣亮言：先帝創(chuàng)業(yè)未半，而中道崩殂；今天下三分，益州疲敝，此誠危急存亡之秋也。然侍衛(wèi)之臣，不懈于內(nèi)；忠志之士，忘身于外者：蓋追先帝之殊遇，欲報之于陛下也。誠宜開張圣聽，以光先帝遺德，恢弘志士之氣；不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失義，以塞忠諫之路也。

宮中府中，俱為一體；陟罰臧否，不宜異同：若有作奸犯科，及為忠善者，宜付有司，論其刑賞，以昭陛下平明之治；不宜偏私，使內(nèi)外異法也。侍中、侍郎郭攸之、費依、董允等，此皆良實，志慮忠純，是以先帝簡拔以遺陛下：愚以為宮中之事，事無大小，悉以咨之，然后施行，必得裨補闕漏，有所廣益。將軍向?qū)櫍孕惺缇?，曉暢軍事，試用之于昔日，先帝稱之曰“能”，是以眾議舉寵為督：愚以為營中之事，事無大小，悉以咨之，必能使行陣和穆，優(yōu)劣得所也。親賢臣，遠小人，此先漢所以興隆也；親小人，遠賢臣，此后漢所以傾頹也。先帝在時，每與臣論此事，未嘗不嘆息痛恨于桓、靈也!侍中、尚書、長史、參軍，此悉貞亮死節(jié)之臣也，愿陛下親之、信之，則漢室之隆，可計日而待也。

臣本布衣，躬耕南陽，茍全性命于亂世，不求聞達于諸侯。先帝不以臣卑鄙，猥自枉屈，三顧臣于草廬之中，諮臣以當世之事，由是感激，遂許先帝以驅(qū)馳。后值傾覆，受任于敗軍之際，奉命于危難之間：爾來二十有一年矣。先帝知臣謹慎，故臨崩寄臣以大事也。受命以來，夙夜憂慮，恐付托不效，以傷先帝之明；故五月渡瀘，深入不毛。今南方已定，甲兵已足，當獎帥三軍，北定中原，庶竭駑鈍，攘除奸兇，興復漢室，還于舊都：此臣所以報先帝而忠陛下之職分也。至于斟酌損益，進盡忠言，則攸之、依、允等之任也。

愿陛下托臣以討賊興復之效，不效則治臣之罪，以告先帝之靈；若無興復之言，則責攸之、依、允等之咎，以彰其慢。陛下亦宜自謀，以諮諏善道，察納雅言，深追先帝遺詔。臣不勝受恩感激!今當遠離，臨表涕泣，不知所云。12.Actingrecentlyasanexpertwitnessinamurdertrial,Ibecameawareofasmalllegalproblemcausedbytheincreasinglymulticulturalnatureofoursociety.AccordingtoEnglishlaw,amanisguiltyofmurderifhekillssomeonewiththeintentioneithertokillortoinjureseriously.Butheisguiltyofthelessercrimeofmanslaughterifhehasbeensufficientlyprovokedorifhisstateofmindatthetimewasabnormalenoughtoreducehisresponsibility.Thelegaltesthereisacomparisonwiththesupposedlyordinaryman—themanontheClaphamomnibus,asthelegalclichéhasit.Wouldthatordinarypersonfeelprovokedundersimilarcircumstances?Wastheaccused'sstateofmindatthetimeofthekillingverydifferentfromthatofanaverageman?13.Inshort,whilescientistshavegenerallyconsideredthemselvestobetheintellectualdescendantsoftheminFranklin"modelofthebenevolentscientist,bringingenlightenmenttohumankind,toooftenscientistsareactuallyperceivedbythepublictobemoreinthe"Dr.Frankenstein"mold,unleashingscientifichavoconanunsuspectingworld.

Thelessonweneedtodrawfromthisphenomenonisincreasinglyevident:Modernscientists(andtheirfirstcousins,engineers)mustbecomeasadeptindealingwithsocietalandpoliticalforcesastheyarewithgravitationalandelectromagneticforces—and,candidly,uptothispointIwouldnotgiveusapassinggrade.Today'sscientistsarenolongerconstrainedsimplybythelawsofnature,aswasgenerallythecaseinthepast,butalsobythelaws(andattitudes)oftheland.Forexample:

CouldwesendmenandwomentoMars?Technologicallyspeaking,Ibelievewecould.Butpoliticallythereisnowilltodoso.

CouldwevastlyincreasetheamountofelectricityavailabletoAmericansthroughsafe,nonpollutingnuclearpowerplants?Almostcertainly—asisinfactbeingdoneinEuropeandJapaneventoday—butcommunitiesinAmericaarestillrepelledbythenotionofnuclearpower,especiallyafterthehorrendousexampleofChernobyl.

Couldwebuildautomatedhighwaysthatwouldincreaseconvenienceandreduceaccidents?Absolutely.Butwhoistopayforthem—andwhoistoinsuretheirbuildersintoday'slitigioussociety?

Wouldaninventorbepermittedtodaytointroduceanewproductthatwouldcreatemillionsofjobsandmakepeople'slivesfarmoreconvenient,ifprojectionsshoweditwouldcostthelivesof50,000Americansayear?IdonotknowwhatKarlBenz,GottliebDaimler,andHenryFordwouldanswer,butIwouldseriouslydoubtit.

Couldwebuildasuperconductingsupercollider?Amannedbaseonthemoon?OpennewAlaskanoilfields?Createareliableballisticmissiledefenseagainstterroristnations?Quitelikely—ifanyonewantsusto.

Inasense,scientistsandengineersinthepasthavebeenfortunate,forwebecameaccustomedtobeingmeasuredbynatureitself—anunwaveringlyfairandconsistent,albeitunforgiving,judge.Today,incontrast,weareoftenjudgedbyhumans—withallthevagaries,specialagendas,andinconsistenciesthatentails.ThishasledmetopropoundwhatIhavecalledAugustine'sSecondLawofSocioscience(andengineering),withdueapologiestoSirIsaacNewton:"Foreveryscientific(orengineering)action,thereisanequalandoppositesocialreaction."14.本產(chǎn)品結構簡單，安全可靠，制造簡易，維修方便，廣泛應用于世界石油生產(chǎn)。15.ThedeathofthePrinceConsortwasthecentralturning-pointinthehistoryofQueenVictoria.Sheherselffeltthathertruelifehadceasedwithherhusband's,andthattheremainderofherdaysuponearthwasofatwilightnature—anepiloguetoadramathatwasdone.Yetthequeenwasnotold:shewasonlyforty-twoandwhenherhusbanddiedshestoodonlyonthethresholdofmiddleage.Shewasstillactiveandfullofspirit;afewmonthsbeforehisdeathsheenjoyedagameofbattledoreandshuttlecock.16.Biogas:aSolutiontoManyProblems

Inalmostalldevelopingcountries,thelackofadequatesuppliesofcheap,convenientandreliablefuelisamajorproblem.Ruralcommunitiesdependlargelyonkerosene,woodanddungfortheircookingandlightingneeds.Butkeroseneisnowpricedoutofreachofmanypeopleandwood,exceptinheavilyforestedareas,isinshortsupply.Thesearchforfirewoodoccupiesalargepartoftheworkingdayandhasresultedinwidespreaddeforestation.

Dungisinconstantsupplywherevertherearefarmanimalsand,whendried,itisconvenienttostoreanduse.Butburningdungdestroysitsvalueasfertilizer,thusdeprivingthesoilofamuchneededsourceofhumusandnitrogen.

Ruralareasofdevelopingcountriesarealsoplaguedbyalackofadequatesanitation.Improperwastedisposalspreadsdisease,contaminateswatersourcesandprovidesbreedinggroundsfordisease-carryinginsects.

Theproblemsofimprovingenvironmentalhygiene,conservingresourcesandfindingalternativesourcesoffuelmaybeunrelated.Theirsolutions,however,arenot,asmanycountriesexperimentingwithbiogastechnologyarediscovering.Biogas,amixtureofmethaneandcarbondioxide,isproducedbythefermentationoforganicmatter.Theprocessofanaerobicfermentationisanaturalone,occurringwheneverlivingmatterdecomposes.Bycontainingthematter—andtheprocess—inadigesterorbiogasplant,thecombustiblegascanbetrappedandusedasfuelforhouseholdlightingandcooking.Thedigestedslurrythatremainscanbeusedonthe]andasasoilconditionerandfertilizer.

BiogasplantshaveattractedmuchinterestinrecentyearsandtheyareinuseinseveralAsiancountries:36000arereportedinruralareasofIndia,27000inKoreaandmorethan80000inChina.Inmostcountriesthevalueofthegashasbeentheprimefactorleadingtotheiradoption:70percentofIndia'splants,forinstance,werebuiltduringtheenergyandfertilizercrisisof1975-1976—Ithoughtheiruseinthatcountrydatesbackto1951.SimilarlyinThailandandKorea,biogasisbeinginvestigatedasanalternativetocostlycharcoaladtosavecompostmaterialsfrombeingburned.

InJapanandChina,reducingpollutionfromanimalwasteshasbeenanimportantfactor.Privies,henhousesandpigpensarebuiltinproximitytothefermentationchamberinChina.Examinationsofthedigestedslurryhaveshownthatthetotalnumberofparasiteeggswasreducedby93.6percent,hookwormsby99percentandnoschisto-someflukeswerefound.Thegreatestbenefitsfrombiogassystems,however,areprobablytobederivedfromthemanorialvalueoftheslurry,althoughitisnotwidelyusedoutsideofIndiaandChina.VegetablefarmersnearCalcuttafoundthatthedigestedslurryproducedbiggerandbettertastingpeasthandidotherfertilizersandtheweightofrootvegetablesincreasedbynearly300percent.

Notes：

biogas：沼氣

humus：腐殖土

hygiene：清潔衛(wèi)生

fermentation：發(fā)酵

slurry：漿液

privy：茅廁

hookworm：鉤蟲

manorial：莊園的、種植園的

dung：糞肥

sanitation：衛(wèi)生

methane：甲烷

anaerobic：厭氧的

compost：堆積物

parasite：寄生蟲

schistsome：血吸蟲

Calcutta：加爾各答市17.國慶節(jié)常回家，那個黃河邊上的鄉(xiāng)村，開小汽車的鄉(xiāng)親開始多見，雖然他們穿衣打扮還沒有太多的改變，但當我看到他們開上價值20多萬的汽車時，我很是欣喜。

但欣喜似乎很快止于一次街頭的聊天，鄉(xiāng)親告訴了我這里發(fā)生的兩件事。首先是旁邊村子里一個人被同村的三兄弟殺死在家中，事情起源于土地租賃，因為租金高低的糾紛，欲強租土地的人找人把不愿意接受租金價位的人打了，還發(fā)出狠話，打死也就是幾萬塊錢的事，于是被打的一方三兄弟聯(lián)合起來，有了這一命案，四個家庭隨之破碎。還有一個發(fā)生在我們村里，收割玉米的鄉(xiāng)親欲從鄰居家地上開車通過，鄰居老太太心疼莊稼不許，爭吵中躺在自家田頭說：要過，就從身上軋過。于是車轟鳴著，軋過老人，陪了幾萬塊私了。

兒時的鄉(xiāng)村，是可以夜不閉戶的。放學回家，有時家中無人，鄰居大嬸總是招呼到他們家，坐在飯桌前，一切都是那么自然。農(nóng)忙時，家里農(nóng)活忙碌，邀鄰居來幫，只需吃頓簡單的飯，聊聊天。現(xiàn)在這里，生活的認知和價值觀已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大的改變。我們都知道，國家在大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟，我也期待家鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境的改善，也相信很快就會有大的變化，但鄉(xiāng)村的這些事也讓我思考，我們是否應該在文化價值觀方面，做出相應的指點和引導呢。18.TheTexasRuffian(無賴)

(Excerpts)

Hewastheelementalman,amanofendless,restlessambition.Nothingwasevercompleted;eachaccomplishmentwasachallengetoreachformore.Hewasapoliticianthelikeofwhichweshallnotseeagaininthiscentury,amanwhobridgedverydifferentAmericas,hisearlydaysandedgeandattitudesforgesbyearthy,frontierattitudes,andwhosefinalactsasPresidenttookustotheveryedgeofthemoon.Hewasamanofstunningforce,driveandintelligence,andofequallystunninginsecurity.Theenormityofhisaccomplishmentsneverdimmedthehiddenfearswhichhadpropelledhiminthefirstplace;hewas,inthatsense,themosthumanofpoliticians.TherewasaboutLyndonJohnsonsomethingcompelling;themorehetriedtohidehiswarts(爛瘡疤),themoreherevealedthem.Loyaltywascrucial:Washington,afterall,wasacitywithenemieseverywhere,withsharksswimmingouttherewaitingforanysignofweakness.Thustheinnercirclehadtobesecure,trulysecure;particularlyamanwithasprofoundasenseofhisownweaknessandvulnerabilitiesasLyndonJohnsonwantedmenaroundhecouldtrust.

"Howloyalisthatman?"heaskedaWhiteHousestafferaboutapotentialhand.

"Well,heseemsquiteloyal,Mr.President."saidthestaffer.

"Idon'twantloyalty,Iwantloyalty,IwanthimtokissmyassinMacy'swindowathighnoonandtellmeitsmellsroses..."

Hisalmostdesperateneedforloyaltywasthehalfofthecoinofinsecurityofthisgreattoweringfigurewhohadaccomplishedsomuch,wassomuchamanofWashington,andyetinsomanyimportantsectionsofthecityfelthimselfanalien,theTexasruffianamongtheperfumeddarlingsoftheEast.Itwasaprofoundpartofhim;hissenseofbeingalien,ofthereduceagainsthim,wasneverassuaged(inOctober1964whenGeorgeBallhandedinhisfirstmemoagainsttheVietnamwar,Johnsonturnedtoanaidandsaid,"you'vegottobecarefuloftheseEasternlawyers.Ifyou'renotcarefulthey'lltakeyouandturnyouinsideout").HewashuntedbyregionalprejudiceandeventheattainmentofthePresidencydidnottemperhisfeelings.Later,afterhehadleftoffice,hebecameconvincedthatitwasSouthernorigins,notthewar,whichhaddrivenhimput,andthattheyhadlaininwaitforanissue,anyissued,andhadusedthewar,whichwastheirwarinthefirstplace,todrivehimfromoffice.

Thepeoplewhoworkedforhimlivedinmortalfearofhim.Hehumiliatedtheminfrontoftheirpeers,thensometimesrewardedthem,dressingdownonestaffmemberwhileotherswatched,thenlaterinthedayawardingthestaffmanaCadillac,winkingandexplainingtosomeoneelsethatithelpedamantostrikewithmunificencewhenhewasdown.19.Designerholdsfasttouseofnaturalfabrics20.HesetaboutrebuildingParis,andchangeditfromapicturesque,unsanitary,seventeenth-centurycityintothespacious,latinizedcityofmarbleitistoday.21.陜西榆林紅石峽

“來我們榆林，第一要看鎮(zhèn)北臺，第二要看紅石峽。那紅石峽都出了名了，專有攝制組上這兒拍電影哩!”在前往榆林的長途汽車上，兩個當?shù)厝诉@么跟我們說。

既然如此，當然要去。不過，對當?shù)厝说摹袄贤踬u瓜”也做了一些思想準備。

卻不料，紅石峽果真是個了不得的去處!它竟然是陜西省內(nèi)最大一處摩崖石窟群。但見峽谷兩側赭紅色的巖壁上驚人地布滿大大小小的石刻和洞窟，一條湍急的清流則在谷底刷刷地流淌。靜靜往那兒一站，立刻就被中華大地那千古的歷史、文化以及大自然的熏風吹醉了!22.1949年以后，一個真正的婦女解放過程開始了。男女平等被定為國策，所有婦女都參加生產(chǎn)勞動。這件事太偉大了，因為就算是在西方，婦女對工作權、選舉權的爭取也要經(jīng)過100多年，但是中國女性直接就獲得了這些權利。而且女性參加社會生產(chǎn)勞動的比例一下就超過了很多西方國家，幾乎是100%的適齡并適合勞動的婦女都出來工作，這應該說是一個非常關鍵的進步。

然而，那個年代有時是比較極端的。過于強調(diào)男女都一樣，男性能做到的，女性也能做到，男女之間沒什么區(qū)別，大家穿同樣的衣服，女孩兒也都不化妝，好像沒有性別的區(qū)分了。但造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因是過去女性的地位太低，轉(zhuǎn)到這個階段，女性被抑制的各種方面爆發(fā)了。此時，女性的地位得到極大提高，但性別差異也被忽略。23.謹奉上金額為5000美圓的發(fā)票一份，敬希撥付為荷。24.OneofthedifficultieswhichwehavehadtoencounterinthepracticaladministrationoftheGovernmentconsistsintheadjustmentofourrevenuelawsandthelevyofthetaxesnecessaryforthesupportofGovernment.Inthegeneralpropositionthatnomoremoneyshallbecollectedthanthenecessitiesofaneconomicaladministrationshallrequireallpartiesseemtoacquiesce.NordoesthereseemtoheanymaterialdifferenceofopinionastotheabsenceofrightintheGovernmenttotaxonesectionofcountry,oroneclassofcitizens,oroneoccupation,totthemereprofitofanother."JusticeandsoundpolicyforbidtheFederalGovernmenttofosteronebranchofindustrytothedetrimentofanother,ortocherishtheinterestsofoneportiontotheinjuryofanotherportionofourcommoncountry."Ihaveheretoforedeclaredtomyfellow-citizensthat"inmyjudgmentitisthedutyoftheGovernmenttoextend,asfarasitmaybepracticabletodoso,byitsrevenuelawsandallothermeanswithinitspower,fairandjustprotectiontoallofthegreatinterestsofthewholeUnion,embracingagriculture,manufacturers,themechanicarts,commerce,andnavigation".25.TEINTDEPERLEVISAGEFIN

TEINTDEPERLEVISAGEFINisanewgenerationofmodellingfoundation,whichrefinesfacialcontourswhileilluminatingthecomplexionwithapearl-likeradiance.Itsultra-fineandsilkytextureglidessmoothlyontotheskintoadornitwithapowderedveil.

ARADIANTCOMPLEXION

Apearlextract,whosecompositionisclosetotheNMF(NaturalMoisturizingFactor),helpsreinforcetheskin'snaturalhydration:theskinisperfectlyhydratedandcomfortablealldaylong.Lightreflectingpigmentscreatea"halo",whichopticallysmoothesouttheskin'ssurface,thusreducingsmallimperfections:thecomplexioniseven,translucentandbrightened.

AREDEFINITIONOFFACIALCONTOURS

Bi-reflectingpigmentsenlivenfeatures,andredefinefacialcontourswhileplayingwithlightandshadow.Thereflectionhighlighttheroundareasoftheface(forehead,cheekbones,chin).Theamberreflectionshapesthefacebyenhancingtheshadowyareas(cheeks,sidesofnose).Facialcontoursarere-sculpted,featuresarerefined.

AFRESHSTAY—TRUECOMPLEXIONALLDAYLONG

TEINTDEPERLEVISAGEFINprovidesexceptionalsoftnesstotouchandensuresaflawlessfinish.

Thepresenceof"longradiance"pigmentscoatedwithsilicahelpscolorlastforhours.Thiscoatingactsasashieldagainstsebumandperspirationproduction,maincausesofshadetarnishing.Thelong-lastingmattfinishisensuredbyacombinationof"anti-shine"powderscharacterizedbytheirsoftnessandabsorbingproperties.Sunscreens(SPF20)protecttheskinfromUVAandUVBandhelppreservethecomplexion'sfairness.

Thecomplexionremainsfreshandradiantthroughouttheday.

ANADJUSTABLEMAKE-UPFINISH

ApplyTEINTDEPERLEVISAGEFINafteryourregulardaycare.Thedoublesidedapplicatorenablesyoutoadjustthecoverageaccordingtoyourmood.

—Dryspongeforanaturalandlightmake-upfinish

—Dampspongeforamoresophisticatedandflawlessfinish

—Puffsidefortouch-upsduringtheday.Arapid,unifyingandmatifyingapplication,withoutcreatingamasklikelook.

Becarefultofrequentlywashthespongewithsoapandwaterandtoletitdrycompletelyafteruse.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：當烏云籠罩著峽谷時(雨季時經(jīng)常如此)則可見另一番景象。云朵悄悄溜出一片峽谷隨風飄到另一片峽谷里。天空如同獲得了生命一般，似動又非動，向平原移去，追著風的方向，暢游在峽谷內(nèi)嶙峋的空間里。如此一來，一朵朵小的云彩也開始彰顯個性，擁有自己的思想與靈魂，奔赴著各自的使命——一大群有思想的云彩東奔西走，它們心中所想只有它們自己知道。假若云彩是屬于天空的，則當它們聚集在峽谷里時，天空便親臨至此，環(huán)繞在懸崖四周，將懸崖襯托得無比之高，因為天空是如此的遙不可及。于是，從云彩那峽谷獲得了無限的榮譽。2.參考答案：InOctober,1957,theSovietUnionsuccessfullylaunchedthefirstartificialsatellite,whichturnedthefirstpageinhumanhistoryofenteringthespace.Duringthehalfcenturycomingafter,humans'explorationsinouterspacehavegrownbyleapsandboundsandhavemadebrilliantachievements.Humansnotonlysuccessfullylandedonthemoon,butalsoreachedtowardevenmoredistantplanetsuchasMars.Attheendof2006,thenumberofthevarioustypesofartificialobjectsfl