2023年研究生類會(huì)計(jì)碩士聯(lián)考(mpacc)英語(yǔ)(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類會(huì)計(jì)碩士聯(lián)考(mpacc)英語(yǔ)(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共25題)1.Directions:

Supposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronicdictionarythatyouboughtfromanon-linestoretheotherday.Writeanemailtothecustomerservicecenterto

1)makeacomplaint,and

2)demandapromptsolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSERESHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“ZhangWei”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.2.Myideatochangetheworldforthebetteristoabolishmoney.That'stechnicallyveryeasyandpossiblealready.Wehaveplasticcardsonwhichwecanstoremoney.WehaveInternetbankaccountsthroughwhichwecanmaketransfersandactuallywecarryaroundmobilephonesallofusthathavesmartcardsonthemthatwecantransfermoney,too.Soit'stechnologicallypossible.Ifwedidit,wewouldbeabletodowithoutwalletsandpursesandthatwouldsaveusquitealotofbother.Butthelargereffectswouldbetransformingthekindofsocietyinwhichwelive,andinparticular,makingusallmoresecureandbluntlyallmorehonest.There'snopointinrobbingbanksormuggingpeopleiftheydon'thaveanymoney,andrightmorethanthat,eventhingsthataren'tformoney,crimeformoney,typicallyusesmoney.I'mtoldtherearenotmanydrugdealersthatacceptcreditcardsorcheques,forexample.

Notes：

(1)abolish放棄，廢除

(2)bluntly直率地，坦白地

(3)mug(俚語(yǔ))愚弄，欺騙3.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoMr.Li,yourfriendwhoisgoingtovisityouduringvacation.Youshouldwritehimaletter

1)toexpressthewelcome;

2)tosuggesttheplanaboutthevisit;

3)toremindwhattodowhenhevisits.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotwriteyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.4.WiththepopularityoftheInternet,moreandmorepeopledoshoppingonline.Serialreturnerreferstosomeonewhoregularlyordersmorethantheyneedandsendssomeoftheitemsback.Threeintenshoppersdeliberatelyover-purchaseandsubsequentlyreturnunwanteditems,withoneinfiveadmittingtoorderingmultipleversionsofthesameitemtomakeuptheirmindathome—safeintheknowledgetheycanchoosefromtheever-growingnumberofwaystoquicklyandeasilysenditemsback.

Shoppershavealsocometoexpectgoodvalueregardlessofwhetherthey'remakingapurchaseorareturn.Sixintensayaretailer'sreturnspolicyimpactstheirdecisiontomakeapurchaseonline,andalmosthalfofthesewouldnotorderanitemiftheyhadtofundthecostofsendingitbackfromtheirownpocket.Serialreturnerssaidtheywouldsendbackfewerpurchasesifbusinessesweretostandardizeclothingandshoesizes.5.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoexpressyourthanksforyourfriend'skindness.Writehim/heraletterto

1)saysomethingaboutthereasonssimply;

2)offeryourthankstoyourfriendandhopetohaveachancetoreturn.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.6.Halltowellarguesinhisnewbook,DriventoDistractionatWork:HowtoFocusandBeMoreProductive,thatwhenyoufeelrealorimaginedconcernspilingon,sharethemwithafriend,andthere'sabetterchancethataimlessanxietywillchangeintoproblem-solving.Hebelievesthatworryingaloneisoneofthemajorreasonsthatpeoplecan'tfocus,bothatworkandelsewhereintheirlives.

Worryingalonedoesnothavetobetoxic,butittendstobecometoxicbecauseinisolationweloseperspective.Wetendtoglobalize,catastrophize,whennooneistheretoactasarealitycheck.Ourimaginationsrunwild.

Indeed,SamuelJohnson,asevereworrierhimself,calledworrya"diseaseoftheimagination".Whenweworryalonewerisklosingtouchwithreality,becomingparalyzedinworry,makingbaddecisions,andevengettingsick,astoxicworrydepressesimmunefunction.7.Exercisehasinnumerablehealthbenefits,butlosingweightmaynotbeamongthem.Aprovocativenewstudyshowsthatasubstantialnumberofpeoplewhotakeupanexerciseregimenwindupheavierafterwardthantheywereatthestart,withtheweightgainduemostlytoextrafat,notmuscle.

Butthestudyalsofinds,forthefirsttime,thatonesimplestrategymayimprovepeople'soddsofactuallydroppingpoundswithexercise.

Asweallknow,thefundamentalsofweightlossshouldbesimple.Burnmorecaloriesonanygivendaythanyouconsumeand,overtime,youwillloseweight.Theoretically,wecanachievethatdesirableconditionbyreducingthenumberofcaloriesthatwetakeinthroughdietingorbyincreasingthenumberofcaloriesthatweconsumethroughexercise.Butinreality,mostpeopledonotachieveorsustainweightloss,nomatterwhatmethodtheytry.8.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthetable,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

不同員工忠誠(chéng)度的影響因素

9.Collegedoesn'talwaysprepareyouforlifeaftergraduation.Youarethrustintotheworldandtaskedwiththechallengeoffiguringouthowtoliveonyourown.Yourearlytwentiesareatimetotakerisks,trynewthings,anddiscoveryourpassions.Don'tworrysomuchaboutnothavingaconcreteplan,andnowisthetimewhenyoucanexperimentandfindyourtrueskillsandinterests.Whilemakingmoneyimmediatelymightseemimportant,yourearlytwentiesareoneofthebesttimesforexploringdifferentcareerpathsandplanningoutaroadmapforyourfuture.Onceyougraduatecollege,youwillnolongerbesurroundedbyyourpeersatallhoursoftheday.Meetingnewpeopleismorechallengingandrequiresmoreeffortthanitdidduringcollege.Becauseofthis,it'softengoodtorememberthatbeingfriendlyisthebestwaytomeetnewpeople.Takeinterestinthelivesofyourcoworkersandpeoplearoundyou,andbewillingtomakenewconnections.10.Twotothreetimesmorepeopledieinalcohol-relatedvehiclecrashesduringthattimethanduringcomparableperiodstherestoftheyear,theNationalInstituteonAlcoholAbuseandAlcoholismsays.And40%oftrafficfatalitiesduringwinterholidaysinvolvedanalcohol-impaireddriver,comparedwith28%forotherdatesinDecember.

Fuelingtheunderagedrinkingproblem,especiallyatthistimeoftheyear,is"acombinationofgreateraccesstoalcohol,lessparentaloversightandmixedmessages"aboutcelebratingwithalcohol,Delanysays.Youngpeoplearetold"don'tdrink,don'tdothat,butineverythirdcommercialinrecentweeks,weseesomethinglinkedtoalcoholanddrinking,"hesays.Andthere'salsotheissueof"whatkindofmessageparentsmaygive,"Delanyadds."Maybethey'redrinkingalot.Kidsseethatit'sOK."Whatisneededisalong-termmessage"thatunderagedrinkingisnotOK,"hesays."Butadolescentsdon'tdowellwith'Justsayno.'Wehavetofindwaystohelpyoungpeoplemakegooddecisions."

注釋：

(1)comparablea.由詞根comparev.變化詞尾而來(lái)，英語(yǔ)后綴-ble，-able變化的形容詞都有被動(dòng)含義，翻譯時(shí)可考慮譯成動(dòng)詞

(2)fatalityn.(由意外或?yàn)?zāi)禍導(dǎo)致的)死亡

(3)alcohol-impaired由連字符連接的合成詞連字符前后沒(méi)有修飾關(guān)系，impaired為過(guò)去分詞，有被動(dòng)意，可翻譯成“酗酒導(dǎo)致的”

(4)combinationn.結(jié)合v.combine結(jié)合

(5)commercialn.商業(yè)廣告，由commerce一詞變化而來(lái)

(6)adolescentn.青少年

(7)oversightn.失察、疏忽和小心照顧，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境這里取小心照顧之意11.Directions:

SupposeyourfriendZhangWeiasksyoutorecommendhimforajobpositioninyourcompany.WriteanemailtotheHRofyourcompanyto

1)statehowwellyouknowyourfriend,and

2)describetheprofessionalqualificationsofthecandidate.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwriteyouraddress.12.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

2015年第三季度～2016年第二季度微信活躍用戶數(shù)量變化13.Winningisoftentheresultofpersistence,ofnotgivingupwhenyourgoalappearstobeinjeopardy."Whenyouadopttheattitudethatifyoudosomethingitwillmakeadifference,that'sconfidence,"RosabethMossKanter,authorofthebestsellingbookConfidencesays."Lookatyoursituationandthinkofyourselfasbeinginthemiddleofit.Thestoryisrarelyover,evenwhenthegreatmajoritythinkitis—somethingeverysportsfanknows."

KickerAdamVinatierihelpedtheNewEnglandPatriotsfootballteamdefeattheMiamiDolphins27—24onDecember29,2002,whenhekickeda42-yardfieldgoalinthefinalseconds,aftermanyspectatorshadalreadygotupfromtheirseatstomaketheirwayoutofthestadium.Thiseventgotfanssaying,"It'snotoveruntilVinatierikicks."Sureenough,inthe2004SuperBowl,Vinatierikickedthegame-winningpointsforthePatriotsinthefinalfewseconds.

Certainly,therewillstillbemomentsandsituationsthatjustaren'tgoingtogoyourway,andthisisthetimewhenconfidenceneedstobetemperedbyrealism.Ifyoubelieveinyourselfsostronglythatyouactrashly,confidencecanactuallymakeyou"stupid".

Sohandleitwithcare—anduseyourconfidencewisely.

注釋：

(1)persistencen.堅(jiān)持persistv.堅(jiān)持

(2)beinjeopardy陷入危險(xiǎn)中

(3)adoptv.采納，采取

(4)NewEnglandPatriots美國(guó)橄欖球聯(lián)盟NFL球隊(duì)，新英格蘭愛(ài)國(guó)者隊(duì)

(5)fieldgoal目標(biāo)中的，得分球

(6)spectatorn.觀眾

(7)SuperBowl超級(jí)碗(美國(guó)職業(yè)橄欖球聯(lián)盟冠軍獎(jiǎng)杯)

(8)game-winningpoints比賽時(shí)制勝的重要得分

(9)temperv.回火，鍛煉，引申義考驗(yàn)

(10)rashlyad.匆忙地，魯莽地14.Directions:

SupposeyourcousinLiMinghasjustbeenadmittedtoauniversity.Writehim/heraletterto

1)congratulatehim/her,and

2)givehim/hersuggestionsonhowtogetpreparedforuniversitylife.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.15.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopicRapidDevelopmentofTourisminChina.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.

16.Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat'sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit'seasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.

Thisisthewell-traveledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.

Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon'thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan'trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.17.It'smidday,andyourphone'sbatteryisdangerouslyclosetothe20percentmark.Ifyou'relikethemajorityofpeople,thatrediconwillleaveyoufeelingpanicked,annoyedandhuntingforasparecharger.LCompanyhasdubbedthiscondition"LowBatteryAnxiety"andsaysthatnearly9outof10peoplesufferfromthefearoflosingpowerontheirphone.

Thecompanypolledarandomsampleofmorethan2,000adultsmartphoneusersintheUSearlierthisyear.Whenitcomestochoosingbetweenhittingthegymorchargingtheirsmartphone,itfoundoneinthreepeoplearelikelytoskipthegym.Butmillennialstendtohaveitworse—with42percentlikelytoskipthegymwhenchoosingbetweenworkingoutorchargingtheirphone.Smartphoneuserswilleven"dropeverything"andmakeaU-turntoheadbackhometochargetheirphone.18.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart,inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

不同員工規(guī)模的企業(yè)某年求職期日均競(jìng)爭(zhēng)指數(shù)

(注：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)指數(shù)=簡(jiǎn)歷投遞數(shù)量/職位量)19.AhugeproportionoftheIranianbudgetisspentonsubsidizingawiderangeofgoodsforIranianconsumersfromfoodtorefinedpetroleum.PresidentAhmadinejadhasbeenproposingabigcutinthatsubsidy.Hisargumentisthatitshouldbereplacedwithcashhandoutstothemostneedy.ButtheIranianparliamentisworriedthatMrAhmadinejad'sproposalcouldincreaseinflationtoanannualfigureofupto50%.Somembersofparliamenthavehalvedtheproposedcuts.There'sconcernthatadramaticriseinpricescouldprovokeanewroundofunrestandperhapsleadthepoorerclassestogivemoreactivesupporttotheopposition.There'realsosuspicionsthattherealmotiveforthesubsidycutistomakeupforabudgetshortfall.Clearfiguresarehardtogetholdof,butitseemsthatMrAhmadinejad'sgovernmentfailedtobuildupanysubstantialcashreserveswhenoilpriceswereatrecordlevels.ForyearsIranianshavebeensufferingmultipleeconomicproblemsincludinginflationatorabove20%.BlameisplacedeitheronMrAhmadinejad'seccentricmanagementofIran'sfinancesoroninternationalsanctionsoracombinationofboth.Withnewsanctionsactivelyunderdiscussion,thesituationisnotabouttogetanyeasier.

注釋：

(1)subsidizev.資助，給……補(bǔ)貼subsidyn.補(bǔ)貼

(2)refinedpetroleum精煉石油

(3)Ahmadinejad(伊朗總統(tǒng))內(nèi)賈德

(4)provokev.致使，引起

(5)suspicionn.懷疑suspectv.懷疑

(6)shortfalln.赤字deficit的委婉說(shuō)法，譯為短缺，不足額

(7)substantiala.實(shí)質(zhì)的，大量的substancen.物質(zhì)

(8)multiplea.復(fù)合的，多樣的

(9)eccentrica.怪癖的，古怪的

(10)sanctionn.經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁20.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingpiechart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.21.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoexpressyourcongratulationonyouraunt'smarriage.Youshould

1)writealettertoshowyourcongratulation.

2)expressyourexhilarationandhopetocongratulatefacetoface.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.22.Directions:

RecentlyyouhaveseenanadvertisementinChinaDailytorecruitthevolunteersfortheWorldHorticulturalExpoinBeijing.Youaresupposedtowritealettertoapplyforit.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.23.Directions:

Writealetterofabout100wordstothecustomerservicecenterofanonlinestore,complainingaboutthequalityofthenewipadanddemandingapromptsolution.

Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.24.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.

25.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：[參考范文]DearSirorMadam,

IamwritingtoexpressmydisappointmentregardingtheelectronicdictionarythatIboughtfromyouron-linestorelastweek,withtheinvoicenumberofED53407.

Ihavetocomplainaboutthepoorqualityofthedictionary.Foronething,thedictionaryoftenautomaticallyturnsoffattheverymomentIameagertoseethewordexplanations.Foranother,itseemslooseintheconjunctionpart.Thescreenpartcannotbeproperlysettled.

Sincetheproblemsareunacceptable,Iwouldliketogetarefundoranewone.Lookingforwardtoyourpromptreply.

Yourssincerely,

ZhangWei2.參考答案：[參考譯文]

我認(rèn)為改善世界的方法就是廢除現(xiàn)金。從技術(shù)層面來(lái)說(shuō)這非常容易并且可行。我們擁有存有貨幣的塑料卡片，我們有能轉(zhuǎn)賬的網(wǎng)絡(luò)賬戶。實(shí)際上，我們也都有裝備智能芯片并有轉(zhuǎn)賬功能的手機(jī)。因此從技術(shù)上來(lái)說(shuō)，這想法是可行的。如果我們將之實(shí)行，就能擺脫錢包，省下許多麻煩。但更大的效益在于這會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變我們居住的社會(huì)類型，尤其是讓我們更安全，不得不更誠(chéng)實(shí)。如果銀行與個(gè)人都沒(méi)現(xiàn)金，打劫他們就毫無(wú)意義了。更重要的是，即使不是為了現(xiàn)金，與錢有關(guān)的犯罪顯然也需要現(xiàn)金。例如，我很少聽(tīng)說(shuō)毒販們也收信用卡和支票。3.參考答案：[參考范文]DearMr.Li,

IamverypleasedtoknowthatyouwillvisitBeijingforaweekduringthisvacation.Wehaven'tseeneachotherforseveralyears,andIamlookingforwardtoyourvisit.Inmyopinion,Beijingisyourbestchoiceforthisholiday.Ononehand,therearemanyplacesofinterestandhistoricalsiteshere.Ontheotherhand,BeijingistheculturalcenterofChina.

Astothefamoussites,IsuggestthatyoushouldvisittheGreatWall.Ifyouareinterestedinparks,theSummerPalacewillbeyourbestchoice.Itisunnecessaryforyoutoworrythatthereisnoplacetovisit.IamsureyouwillenjoyyourvisitinBeijing.

Pleaseinformmeaslongasyouhavemadeyourdecision.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.

Sincerelyyours,

ZhangWei4.參考答案：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及，網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的人越來(lái)越多?！斑B環(huán)退貨族”指網(wǎng)購(gòu)族中一些下單買很多自己不需要的東西，然后再把其中一部分退回去的人。有30%的人會(huì)故意多買，然后把不想要的東西退回去，20%的人承認(rèn)會(huì)購(gòu)買同一商品的多個(gè)版本，以便于他們?cè)诩沂盏截浺院笞龀鰶Q定，因?yàn)樗麄冎烙性絹?lái)越多的途徑可以讓他們便捷地把商品退回去。

不管在購(gòu)買還是退貨中，買家都期待比較劃算的方式。60%的人表示，賣家的退貨政策會(huì)影響他們的在線購(gòu)物決定，其中約有一半的買家表示如果退貨時(shí)需要自己出運(yùn)費(fèi)，他們就不會(huì)下單?！斑B環(huán)退貨族”則表示，如果商家能夠?qū)⒁路托咏y(tǒng)一成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸，他們的退貨次數(shù)就會(huì)減少。[解析]

(1)注意serialreturner的翻譯。前面一句話提到隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及，網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物的人越來(lái)越多。serial意為“連續(xù)的；多次的”；returner意為“(停職一段時(shí)間之后)重新工作的人(尤指女人)”。結(jié)合后面的信息whoregularlyordersmorethantheyneedandsendssomeoftheitemsback,可把serialreturner活譯為“連環(huán)退貨族”。

(2)第一段第三句的主干是Threeintenshoppersdeliberatelyover-purchaseandsubsequentlyreturnunwanteditems。withoneinfiveadmittingto...theirmindathome為伴隨狀語(yǔ)，破折號(hào)后面的句子是對(duì)前面的解釋說(shuō)明。此句雖然是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)句，但考生可以采用“順譯法”進(jìn)行翻譯，難度不大。

(3)第二段第一句的主干是Shoppershavealsocometoexpectgoodvalue。regardlessofwhether...orareturn作狀語(yǔ)，修飾整個(gè)句子，whether引導(dǎo)的從句whetherthey'remakingapurchaseorareturn作regardlessof的賓語(yǔ)。翻譯時(shí)，可以把狀語(yǔ)的位置前置。

(4)goodvalue的意思是“花得值，值得買”，為了使得上下文更加連貫，考生可以翻譯成“賣家都期待比較劃算的方式”。

(5)考生需要注意最后一句的翻譯。最后一句的主干為：Serialreturnerssaid。said后的賓語(yǔ)從句省略了that，采用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是if+主語(yǔ)+weretodo，主句的結(jié)構(gòu)是主語(yǔ)+would+do?？忌诜g虛擬句時(shí)，最好增譯表假設(shè)的詞“如果”。5.參考答案：[參考范文]DearLiuNing,

IamnowwritingthesefewlinestoexpressmysincerethanksforyourparcellastFridaywithEnglishbooksandtapes,whicharehelpfultomystudy.YouhaveapositivegeniusforstudyingEnglish.InotonlyenjoyedtheEnglishbooks,butalsothosetapes.Ishalleverrememberthemasoneofthemostimportantthingsinmylife.

Iwillnotbeverybusyrecently.Ihopetohavetheopportunitytoexpressmygratitudetoyoufacetoface.Iwillfeelveryhonoredandpleasedifyouhavetimetomakemeacall.Wouldyoukindlyletmeknowwhenyouareatconvenience?Iamlookingforwardtomeetingwithyou!

Irepeatmythanksagainforyourparcel.Pleasegivemykindregardstoyourfamily.

Sincerelyyours,

ZhangWei6.參考答案：哈洛威爾在他的新書(shū)《工作中被逼得心煩意亂：如何保持專注從而更有成效》指出：當(dāng)你感到煩惱越積越多，無(wú)論煩惱是真的還是想象的，你都應(yīng)同朋友說(shuō)說(shuō)，由此使漫無(wú)目的的焦慮有更好得到化解的機(jī)會(huì)。他認(rèn)為人們不能集中注意力的一大原因是在工作或生活的其他方面獨(dú)自煩惱。

獨(dú)自擔(dān)憂本身并無(wú)害，但它往往會(huì)變得有害，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)诠铝⒅惺チ伺袛嗔Α．?dāng)沒(méi)有人在現(xiàn)實(shí)中扮演檢查角色時(shí)，我們會(huì)變得小題大做。我們的想象力脫了韁。

事實(shí)上，塞繆爾·約翰遜——一個(gè)重度擔(dān)憂患者，稱擔(dān)憂為“想象力的疾病”。當(dāng)我們獨(dú)自擔(dān)憂時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)與現(xiàn)實(shí)失去聯(lián)系，在擔(dān)憂中變得焦頭爛額，做糟糕的決定，甚至生病，讓有害的擔(dān)憂壓垮了免疫功能。[解析](1)whenyoufeelrealorimaginedconcernspilingon直譯為“當(dāng)你感到真的或想象的煩惱越積越多”，應(yīng)該根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣調(diào)整為“當(dāng)你感到煩惱越積越多，無(wú)論煩惱是真的還是想象的”，以使譯文更流暢。

(2)andthere'sabetterchancethat...中，and表示結(jié)果，此處需要把因果關(guān)系譯出來(lái)，使得譯文邏輯分明。

(3)globalize意為“(使)全球化”，catastrophe意為“災(zāi)難”，可以猜測(cè)catastrophize是“(使)災(zāi)難化，把小問(wèn)題當(dāng)作大災(zāi)禍”之意，結(jié)合上下文可知這兩個(gè)詞表現(xiàn)的都是“小題大做”的意思，因此可以意譯處理。

(4)runwild有“放肆，撒野；恣意妄為；無(wú)法無(wú)天”諸多含義，這里形容想象力，譯為“脫韁”既貼切又是地道的漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)。

(5)paralyzed意為“麻痹的，癱瘓的”，paralyzedinworry可靈活譯為“在擔(dān)憂中變得焦頭爛額”。7.參考答案：運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)健康有數(shù)不清的益處，但減肥可能并非其中之一。一項(xiàng)富有挑戰(zhàn)意味的新研究表明，很多人在開(kāi)始執(zhí)行體育鍛煉計(jì)劃后體重反而有所增加，更糟糕的是，增加的這部分大多是多余的脂肪而不是肌肉。

但也正是這同一項(xiàng)研究首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以切實(shí)增加人們運(yùn)動(dòng)減肥概率的簡(jiǎn)單策略。我們都知道，減肥的基本原理非常簡(jiǎn)單。只要你每天消耗的熱量多于攝入量，隨著時(shí)間的推移，你就會(huì)越來(lái)越瘦。從理論上說(shuō)，通過(guò)節(jié)食減少熱量攝入或通過(guò)運(yùn)動(dòng)增加熱量消耗都能達(dá)到上述理想狀況。但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中，大多數(shù)人試遍了所有方法，還是沒(méi)能達(dá)到或維持所希望的減肥效果。[解析](1)第一段第二句的主干為Aprovocativenewstudyshows...，that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作show的賓語(yǔ)：who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞people，with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)作整個(gè)句子的伴隨狀語(yǔ)。其中windup為固定搭配，意為“最終淪落到；最終落得；(以……)告終”。

(2)第二段中odds是個(gè)多義詞，有“機(jī)會(huì)，可能性，希望，概率”等釋義。聯(lián)系上下文，可知此處譯成“概率”最恰當(dāng)。

(3)onanygivenday本意為“在任何給定的一天”，在此處譯成“任何一天”即可。

(4)第三段第三句中第一個(gè)that：引導(dǎo)的從句作achieve的賓語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞calories；第三個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾它前面的calories。其中takein在此處譯為“吸收”。8.參考答案：[參考范文]

Thetablechartgivenabovereflectstheelementsthatmayinfluenceemployees'loyaltytoacompany.Asisclearlyconveyedinthechart,employeesatdifferentlevelsandpositionsshowtotallydifferentattitudestowardsthesefactors.Employeesworkingatbasiclevelsshowthemostobvioustendencythatagoodmanager/bossisoneofthesignificantthingsfortheirloyalty.Junioremployeesconsiderthatmanyfactorsmayinfluencetheirloyalty,suchashealthcarebenefits,retirementbenefitsaswellasagoodmanager/boss.Asregardssenioremployees,itisnotdifficulttofindthathealthcarebenefitsandretirementbenefitsarerankedastheirfirstconcern.

Thevariousattitudesdemonstratedbythechartshouldbegivenmorediscussion.Fortheyounggeneration,whattheyneedmostisworkingexperienceandanexcellentmanageriscapableoffindingtheiradvantagesandputtingtheminaproperposition,whichenablestheyoungtobringtheirtalentsandpotentialsintofullplay.Inaddition,themiddleagedjunioremployeesshouldermoreresponsibilitiesfrombothworkandfamily,sotheyneedmoreguaranteestokeeptheirloyaltytoacompany.Lastbutnotleast,senioremployeeshaveworkedforthecompanyforalongtime.Iftheyareguaranteedwitharespectableamountofhealthcarebenefitsandretirementbenefits,theywillbecomethemostloyalgroupforacompany.

Employees'loyaltyisofgreatimportancetothesustainabledevelopmentofacertaincompany.Accordingtothevariousdemandsofdifferentemployees,itiswiseforcompaniestoflexiblyadjustthebenefitsandmeettheneedsofemployees.[解析]

本題考查員工忠誠(chéng)度的影響因素?？忌紫纫ㄟ^(guò)表格數(shù)據(jù)指出影響基層員工、中層員工、高層員工忠誠(chéng)度的各自主要因素。其次，就三個(gè)不同的群體分別指出各自合理的原因，即為什么該因素對(duì)該群體的忠誠(chéng)度影響最大。最后總結(jié)全文，可以對(duì)用人單位的制度提出建議。9.參考答案：大學(xué)并不能為你畢業(yè)后的人生做好萬(wàn)全準(zhǔn)備。你被推到一個(gè)新世界，要迎接挑戰(zhàn)，學(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立生活。你剛剛20出頭，正是去冒險(xiǎn)、去嘗試新鮮事物、去發(fā)現(xiàn)激情的時(shí)候。不要太過(guò)擔(dān)心沒(méi)有一個(gè)具體的計(jì)劃，現(xiàn)在正是你多做嘗試、發(fā)現(xiàn)你真正才能和興趣的時(shí)候。盡管趕快掙錢看上去很重要，但你剛剛20多歲，是探索各種職業(yè)道路和規(guī)劃未來(lái)路徑的最佳時(shí)機(jī)之一。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，你身邊就不會(huì)時(shí)刻都是同齡人了。與在校園里相比，結(jié)識(shí)新朋友更有挑戰(zhàn)性，需要付出更多精力。正因?yàn)槿绱耍砸涀。河押么耸墙Y(jié)識(shí)新朋友的最佳方法。對(duì)同事和身邊人的生活感興趣，樂(lè)意建立新的人際關(guān)系。[解析]

(1)第二句的主干是Youarethrustintotheworldandtaskedwiththechallenge。介詞of引導(dǎo)的部分為定語(yǔ)，其中howtoliveonyourown為figureout的賓語(yǔ)。

(2)第四句由兩個(gè)分句構(gòu)成，第一個(gè)是Don'tworrysomuchabouthavingaconcreteplan，第二個(gè)是nowisthetime。whenyoucanexperimentandfindyourtrueskillsandinterests為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾time。翻譯時(shí)，可以將定語(yǔ)從句前置。

(3)planout的意思是“計(jì)劃，精心策劃”，planoutaroadmapforyourfuture可以翻譯成“規(guī)劃未來(lái)路徑”。

(4)考生要注意代詞的翻譯，查明具體的指代信息。倒數(shù)第三句it指代上文的“Meetingnewpeople”。

(5)倒數(shù)第二句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是it'softengoodtoremember...,that后面引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)beingfriendly作主語(yǔ)。10.參考答案：[參考譯文]

國(guó)家酒精濫用與酗酒問(wèn)題研究中心公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，每年冬季節(jié)假日期間酗酒導(dǎo)致的交通事故死亡的人數(shù)是其他節(jié)假日期間的2至3倍。冬季節(jié)假日40%的交通傷亡與駕駛員酗酒有關(guān)，而這一比率在12月份的非節(jié)假日時(shí)期只占28%。

Delany認(rèn)為未成年人飲酒問(wèn)題，尤其是在每年冬季節(jié)假日的飲酒問(wèn)題，是多方面因素刺激造成的：有節(jié)假日期間未成年人更容易得到酒精飲品的因素，也有父母在節(jié)假日放松了對(duì)子女監(jiān)管以及成年人的所謂“無(wú)酒不成席”思想對(duì)子女的誤導(dǎo)有關(guān)。Delany說(shuō)，家長(zhǎng)告訴年輕人“不許喝酒，不許接觸酒精，但每逢冬季圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周假期間平均每三個(gè)廣告中就有一個(gè)與酒精和飲酒相關(guān)的廣告”。Delany進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充，“同時(shí)，未成年人飲酒問(wèn)題也與父母對(duì)此問(wèn)題的態(tài)度有關(guān)，或許父母本身經(jīng)常飲酒，孩子們看到大人飲酒就會(huì)去效仿。我們需要向未成年人傳遞一種未成年人不許飲酒的長(zhǎng)效如一的信息。但是對(duì)青少年簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)不許做是不夠的，我們需要想辦法幫助年輕人對(duì)飲酒問(wèn)題做出正確的判斷?！盵解析]這段文字翻譯首先要注意的一點(diǎn)是一些名詞、代詞的前后對(duì)應(yīng)指代關(guān)系，考試時(shí)我們要翻譯的文章篇幅不大，大多為一篇文章的節(jié)選，雖然節(jié)選與其他部分相對(duì)獨(dú)立，但段落內(nèi)部與段落之間的相互指代，尤其是名詞、代詞的前后對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)于我們準(zhǔn)確理解原文意思非常重要。動(dòng)詞也有前后指代，也就是對(duì)一個(gè)不熟悉的詞，可能通過(guò)前后文的解釋，或近義、同義、反義等詞推斷出詞義來(lái)；還有一點(diǎn)需要考生注意的是英語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣是忌諱同一詞上下文重復(fù)出現(xiàn)(特殊修辭要求除外)，而代之以代詞或近義、同義詞。本文就多次出現(xiàn)underage，youngpeople，adolescent，kids等不同說(shuō)法來(lái)指代未成年人。

第一段中用了兩個(gè)比較的表達(dá)方法：comparable和compared，都有被動(dòng)意義，翻譯時(shí)可根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)要求進(jìn)行詞類轉(zhuǎn)換選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~性，而不一定拘泥于英語(yǔ)的詞性限制。第二段第一句話Fuelingtheunderagedrinkingproblem,especiallyatthistimeoftheyear,is"acombinationofgreateraccesstoalcohol,lessparentaloversightandmixedmessages"aboutcelebratingwithalcohol,Delanysays.英語(yǔ)意思較為簡(jiǎn)單，翻譯時(shí)需要注意有時(shí)原文由于有上下文關(guān)系省略的部分，翻譯時(shí)根據(jù)需要可以進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)脑鲎g或補(bǔ)譯，這也是翻譯中常使用的一種技巧。第二段的long-termmessage翻譯時(shí)也應(yīng)考慮這一技巧，結(jié)合上下文語(yǔ)境翻譯成“長(zhǎng)效如一的信息”雖有重復(fù)之嫌，但語(yǔ)義更為完整、準(zhǔn)確，表達(dá)上也符合漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣。第二段中的直接引語(yǔ)(“”中部分)翻譯時(shí)也未必一定要譯成直接引語(yǔ)，可根據(jù)表達(dá)需要酌情變通，應(yīng)以準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原文意思為主要考慮。11.參考答案：[參考范文]DearSirorMadam,

IampleasedtorecommendZhangWei,acloseassociateofmine,forthepositionasanassistantdirectoroftheresearchdepartmentatourcompany.

Ashisbestfriend,weonceworkedonmanyprojects,andIgottoknowhimverywellduringthatperiod.Hehadexcellentperformanceontheprojectswecollaborated.Combinedwithsophisticatedgraspofprofessionalknowledge,hisrichworkingexperiencewillgreatlyimprovetheproductivityofourdemandingtasks.Asahard-workinggentleman,hegetsalongwellwithothersandwillbeanenthusiasticandpleasantcolleague.

IfZhangWeicouldbegiventheopportunitytoworkinourcompany,Ifirmlybelievethathewillbeanexcellentworkerandmeetyourexpectations.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing[解析]本題要求寫(xiě)一封郵件，實(shí)質(zhì)是推薦信。推薦信是一個(gè)人為推薦另一個(gè)人得到某個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)或者某個(gè)職位而寫(xiě)的信。寫(xiě)作需要注意以下三點(diǎn)。(1)開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山說(shuō)明寫(xiě)信目的，即推薦誰(shuí)及其與被推薦人之間的關(guān)系；(2)描述推薦的理由以及被推薦人的主要特點(diǎn)；(3)希望優(yōu)先考慮等。要注意多寫(xiě)優(yōu)點(diǎn)，充分肯定成績(jī)。篇幅不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)，也不能三言兩語(yǔ)。12.參考答案：[參考范文]

ThechartabovedemonstratesthatthenumberofWeChatactiveusershasexperiencedarelativelysteadyrisefromthethirdquarterin2015tothesecondquarterin2016.

Variousfactorsleadtothephenomenon.Firstofall,WeChatisaninstantmessengerwhichallowspeopletosendbothtextmessagesandvoicemessagestotheirfriends.Userscanalsosharephotographsandvideosinordertostrengthentherelationswiththeirfriends.Besides,WeChatprovidesinformationrangingfrompoliticalnewstoentertainmentreports,souserscaneasilygainaccesstotheveryinformationtheyareintendedtoread.AndtheconvenienceofWeChatmessagescaterstotherapidtempoofmodemlifebysavingtimeinreading.Lastbutnotleast,WeChatfunctionsasaplatformformerchantstohelpenterprisesachievebrandcreationandproductmarketinginordertomakemoreprofit.

Obviously,thefigureofWeChatactiveuserswillcontinuetoincrease.However,somenegativeinfluencesmaycoexistwiththepopularityofWeChat.Therefore,weshoulduseWeChatinlinewiththelawandmoralprinciples.[解析]

本題是關(guān)于折線圖的作文。圖片反映的現(xiàn)象是：從2015年第三季度到2016年第二季度，微信每月活躍用戶數(shù)量不斷增長(zhǎng)?？忌煞秩螌?xiě)作。第一段描述數(shù)據(jù)，第二段分析原因，第三段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。要注意用詞的多樣性。13.參考答案：[參考譯文]

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