高考英語語法歸納重點總結(jié)

高考英語語法歸納重點總結(jié)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句句型：“按照……；正如……”例：As(itis)inyourcountry,wegrowwheatinthenorthandriceinthesouth.正如(像)你們國家一樣，我們北方種植小麥，南方種植水稻。as+形容詞/副詞原級+(a/an)+名詞+as;否定式：notas/so as例：Heisasgoodaplayerashissister.他和他姐姐一樣是位優(yōu)秀的運動員。such+n.+astodo如此……以致于……例：Sheissuchafoolastobelievewhathesaid.她是一個如此的一個笨蛋以致相信了他所說的話。so+adj./adv.+astodosth如此……以致于……例：Hewassostrongastocarrytheheavybox.他是如此的強壯以致于能提起那重箱子。such...as...象……之類的……(接名詞或定語從句)例：HewishedtobesuchamanasLeiFengwas.他希望成為一個像雷鋒這樣的人。thesame+名詞+as和 一樣的 (接名詞或定語從句)例：Heisnotthesamemanasheusedtobe.他不是從前的那樣子了。as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句例：Asisknowntous,knowledgeispower.眾所周知，知識就是力量。⑻引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，與while意義相近例：Wegetwiseraswegetolder.隨著我們長大，我們也變得越來越聰明。(9)引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，與because的用法相近例：Asitwasgettingverylate,wesoonturnedback.因為越來越遲了，所以我們不久就回來了。(10)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句例：Childasheis,heknowsmuchaboutscience.盡管他是一個小孩，但他對科學(xué)了解得很多。prefertodosth例：Iprefertostayathome.我寧愿呆在家里。preferdoingsth例：Ipreferplayingindefence.我喜歡打防守。prefersbtodosth例：Wouldyouprefermetostay?你愿意我留下來嗎?prefertodosthratherthandosth……寧愿…...而不愿...例句：Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.我寧愿呆在家里而不愿出去.preferdoingsthtodoingsth例：Ipreferwatchingfootballtoplayingit.我喜歡看籃球，不喜歡打籃球。prefersthtosth例：Ipreferteatocoffee.我要茶不要咖啡。bedoingsth...when...例：Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswifecamein.他正笑著的時候門突然開了，他妻子走了進(jìn)來。beabouttodosth...when...例：Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我們剛要出發(fā)，天就開始下雨了。hadjustdone...when...例：Ihadjustgonetobedafteraveryharddaywhenthephonerang.在勞累了一天之后我剛剛就寢，電話鈴就響了。It+seems+that從句例：Itseemedthateveryonewassatisfied.看來好像每個人都很滿意。Itseemstosbthat...例：Itseemstomethatsheisright.我看她是對的，Thereseemstobe...例：Thereseemstobeaheavyrain.看上去要有一場大雨。Itseemsasif...例：Itseemedthatshecouldn'tcometoclass.看樣子她不能來上課了。SheistallerthanIbythreeinches.她比我高三英寸Thereisoneyearbetweenus.我們之間相差一歲。SheisthreeyearsoldthanI.她比我大三歲。Theyhaveincreasedthepriceby50%.他們把價格上漲了50%Hissalaryhasrisedto10,000yuanpermonth.他的工資已經(jīng)漲到了每月10,000元。what引導(dǎo)主語從句例：Whatsurprisedmeisthateverybodyseemedtobeveryindifferenttoher.讓我吃驚的是每個人似乎對她都很冷淡。[indifferentadj.不關(guān)心的；冷漠的]what引導(dǎo)賓語從句例：Wecanlearnwhatwedonotknow.我們能學(xué)會我們不懂的東西。what引導(dǎo)表語從句例：ThatiswhatIwant.那正是我所要的。what引導(dǎo)同位語從句例：Ihavenoideawhattheyaretalkingabout.我不知道他們正在談?wù)撌裁?。too...todo...例：Politicsistooimportanttobelefttothepoliticians.(=Politicsissoimportantthatitcan'tbelefttothepoliticians.)政治太重要了，不能由政治家來決定。onlytoo...todo...例：Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtogethome.我要回到家里就非常高興。too+adj+forsth例：Theseshoesaremuchtoosmallforme.我穿這雙鞋太小了。too+adj+a+n.例：Thisistoodifficultatextforme.這篇課文對我來說太難了。can't…too+形容詞無論……也不為過例：Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.我們再怎么強調(diào)保護(hù)眼睛的重要性也不為過。where引導(dǎo)的定語從句例：Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.這就是他去年住過的房子。where引導(dǎo)的狀語從句例：Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者事竟成。Helefthiskeywherehecouldfind.他將鑰匙放在易找到的地方。IwillgowhereIwanttogo.我要去我想去的地方。where引導(dǎo)的表語從句例：Thisiswhereyouarewrong.這正是你錯的地方。wishthatsbdidsth希望某人現(xiàn)在做某事例：IwishIwereasstrongasyou.我希望和你一樣強壯。wishthatsbhaddonesth希望某人過去做某事例：Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier要是你早點告訴我就好了。wishthatsbwould/coulddosth希望某人將來做某事例：Iwishyouwouldsucceedthistime.我希望你這次會成功。wouldratherdosththandosth寧愿做……而不愿做……例：Shewouldratherdiethanturnagainsthismotherland.她寧可死也不去背叛祖國。wouldratherhavedonesth寧愿過去做過某事例：Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.我寧愿過去接受他的意見。wouldrathersbhaddonesth寧愿某人過去做過某事例：IwouldratherIhadpassedtheexaminationlastweek.我真希望通過上星期的考試。wouldrathersbdidsth寧愿某人現(xiàn)在或?qū)碜瞿呈吕篧howouldyouratherwentwithyou?你寧愿誰和你一起去?beforesbcan/could…某人還沒來得及……例：BeforeIcouldgetinaword，hehadmeasuredme.我還沒來得及插話，他就給我量好了尺寸。Itwillbe+時間+before+還有多長時間……例：Itwillbe4yearsbeforehegraduates.他還有四年時間便畢業(yè)了。haddonesometimebefore(才……)例：Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.我們航行了四天四夜才見到陸地。hadnotdone...before...不到……就……例：川?hadn'trunamilebeforehefelttired.我們還沒走到一英里路就覺得累了。Itwasnot+一段時間+before不多久就……例：~wasn'ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.還沒到兩年他們離開了那國家。Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)...例：ItwasIwhowrotetomyuncleyesterday.是我昨天給我叔叔寫信的。Is/wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that(who)...例：Wasityourbrotherthatyoumetinthestreet?在街上你遇見的是你兄弟嗎?Where/who/what/how等特殊疑問詞+is/wasitthat...例：Howisitthatyouwillgotovisithertomorrow?明天你究竟怎樣去看望她?do/does/did+謂語動詞(強調(diào)謂語)例：Theydoknowtheplacewell.他們的確很熟悉那個地方。(1)wouldliketo/wouldlovetohavedonesth.例：Iwouldliketohavewrittentoyou.我本想給你寫信的。was/weregoingtodosth.（用過去將來時態(tài)表示原打算做什么）例：Lucywasgoingtowatchabasketballmatch.Lucy原打算看一場籃球比賽。高考英語語法重點歸納重點一.非謂語動詞一）不定式的?？夹问剑阂话阈问剑篐edecidedtoworkharderinordertocatchupwiththeothers.被動形式:Hepreferredtobeassignedsomeheavierworktodo.語法功能：表示與謂語動詞同步發(fā)生2）完成形式：Hepretendednottohaveseenme.被動形式：Thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.語法功能：表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前二）不定式?？嫉目键c：1）不定式做定語 將要發(fā)生2）不定式做狀語 目的3）不定式充當(dāng)名詞功能---Toseeistobelieve.三）不定式的省略1）感官動詞see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示動作的完整性，真實性;+doing表示動作的連續(xù)性，進(jìn)行性Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看見他在花園里干活了。（強調(diào)"我看見了"這個事實）Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.昨天我見他正在花園里干活。（強調(diào)"我見他正干活"這個動作）"感官動詞后面接形容詞而不是副詞：Thecaketastesgood;Itfeelscomfortable.使役動詞havebidmakelet等詞后不定式要省略但同1）一樣被動以后要還原toI'dliketohaveJohndoit.Ihavemypackageweighed.Pauldoesn'thavetobemadetolearn.helphelpsbdohelpsbtodohelpdohelptodo四）有些動詞后只跟不定式如：want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan，offer，decide，agree，expectallowsbtodo,causesbtodo,permitsbtodo,enablesbtodoforcesbtodo.bemorelikelytodolovetodowarnsbtodobeabletodobeambitioustodo.begintodo.starttodoWeagreed here，butsofarshehasn'tturnedupyet.（NMET1995）A.havingmetB.meetingC.tomeetD.tohavemet（Key：C）五）有的時候to后面要接-ing形式accustom（oneself）to;beaccustomedto;faceupto;inadditionto;lookforwardto;objectto;bereducedto;resignoneselfto;beresignedto;resortto;sinkto;beusedto;bealternativeto;beclose/closenessto;bededication/dedicatedto;beopposition/opposedto;besimilarity/similarto.二.動名詞：具有動作性特征的名詞1）是名詞seeingisbelieving2）具有動詞性特征可以帶賓語starvingtroopsisnecessary.一）動名詞的形式:一般形式：Idon'tlikeyousmoking.完成形式：Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.被動形式：Thisquestionisfarfrombeingsettled.二）動名詞常考的點1）動名詞做主語謂語動詞為單數(shù)2）在動名詞和不定式中,作為介詞的賓語是動名詞3）動名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞,通過代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語.Iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon.（MET1992）A.youtocallB.youcallC.youcallingD.you'recalling（Key：Cyourcalling也對）Iregretnothavingtakenyouradvice.4）有些詞后只能接動名詞admit;appreciate;avoid;celebrate;consider;contemplate;defer;delay;deny;detest;discontinue;dislike;dispute;enjoy;itentails;escape;excuse;explain;fancy;feellike;finish;forgive;can'thelp;hinder;imagine;itinvolves;keep;itmeans;mention;mind;miss;itnecessitates;pardon;postpone;practice;prevent;recall;report;resent;resist;risk;suggest;understand...另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用說法：it'snogood;it'sno/little/hardlyany/use;it'snot/hardly/scarcelyuse;it'sworthwhile;spendmoney/time;there'sno;there'snopointin;there'snothingworsethan;what'stheuse/point...三、一致關(guān)系一）主謂一致1.主謂一致（與插入語無關(guān)）1主謂的分隔原則：主謂之間可以用定語從句或者省略的定語從句分隔。2定語從句中的主謂一致：3隨前一致：n.+togetherwithn2aswellasincludingalongwi