2021年北京市高考真題英語試卷
北京卷?英語
本試卷共11頁,共100分.考試時長90分鐘.
考生務必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在試卷上作答無效.第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并交回.
第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié),30分)閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括
號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
Whydowedream?Scientistsaren'tcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse11(idea).Dreamsmightbea
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題
sideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything12happenedduringtheday,
卡上將該項涂黑.
tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit13.(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,and
Recently,Itookatriphomebytrain.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes,whokeptIa
yougetadream.
youngwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.Tiiewoman'seyefellontheman'sface,andsheimmediately
B
lookeddownand2herscarf.
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括
Asthenightworeon,peoplebegantoclosetheireyes,buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavy
號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
sleepercouldmanagetogetany3Thewomanlookedoverattheman.Hewasstillstaringather.Shelooked
Samisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主〉,andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbike
backathimwithfireinhereyes.1wasbeginningtoget4too.
homeMacoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoor
Thetrainmovedon.Thelittleboywas5awakeonhismother'slap.butthewomandroppedofftosleep.A
womanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout15shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconvenience
momentlater,hebeganto6thehalf-openwindow-onelegwentoverit.Themanjumpedupand7the
storesothatshecould16(sate)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.
childjustbeforehefellout.
C
The8wokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobein9andthenrealitydawned(顯現(xiàn)).“Yourchild
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空.在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括
hasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow,“themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoI
號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
havebeenwatchingthewholetime."Thewomanwas10,andsowasI.
There17(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20
1.A.guidingB.botheringC.watchingD.monitoring
years,18(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From
2.A.adjustedB.changedC.packedD.waved
200()to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,19(result)inUSD2,970billionin
3.A.airB.joyC.spaceD.rest
economicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed20(invest)
4.A.nervousB.embarrassedC.angryD.disappointed
5.A.almostB.stillC.hardlyD.evenindisasterprevention.
6A.dragB.climbC.knockD.push第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),38分)
第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分,共28分)
7.A.grabbedB.rockedC.touchedD.picked
8.A.alarmB.quarrelC.riskD.noise閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項,并在答題卡上將該項涂
9.A.sorrowB.reliefC.panicD.pain黑.
10.A.astonishedB.confusedC.concenicdD.inspired
Ifyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation,science,orculture,thenaninternship(實習)at23.Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform?
UNESCOwillbeidealforyou.A.ContactUNESCOmanagers.B.Getaccesstothedatabase.
Whocanapply?C.Keepamotivationletterathand.D.Workinateamforsixmonths.
Youhavecompletedyourfull-timeuniversitystudies:or.B
Ybuarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster'sdegree.Irememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinfonnedaboutoursemester(學期)projectof
Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnicalinstitution.volunteeringatanon-profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededour
Whataretherequirements?help,mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC).Myfirstimpressionof(heorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoing
Ybumustbeatleast20yearsold.tomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.
Youshouldhaveagoodcommand(掌握)ofeitherEnglishorFrench.Then,anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails,whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch,1
Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice-relatedsoftware.believedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.When1wentonlinetotheOICwebsite,IsawpicturesoftheIraqi
Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment.children.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair(絕望)andneedthatIjoinedthisproject
Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.withouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible,andmakethemintokits------onekit.one
Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?child.
Visa:Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas.Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday,whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinally
Travel:Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyourinternship.cametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected,ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywould
Medicalinsurance:Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid(有效的)inthetargeteventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths,IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceour
countrytortheentireperiodoftheinternship.UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30,0(X)fortheprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits,1realizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.1hadonly
internshipperiod.focusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswere
Medicalcertificate:Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork.completed,andreadytobesentoverseas,thewarmfeelingIhadwasone1wouldneverforget.
Motivationletter:Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingou(theapplicationform.Inthebeginning,Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover,I
YourapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.WedonotrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife,butten.Withourefforts,tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurther
respondtoeverycandidate.Ifselected,youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsixtheireducation.
months,itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.24.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?
21.Accordingtothispassage,applicantsarerequiredto.A.Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.
A.holdamaster'sdegreeinscienceB.Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.
B.haveinternationalworkexperienceC.Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.
C.befluentineitherEnglishorFrench
DItwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.
D.presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution
22.WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?
A.Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage.A.ImagesofIraqichildren.B.Researchbyhis/herclassmates.
B.Trainingincommunicationskills.C.Ateacher'sintroduction.D.Arepresentative'scomments.
C.Amedicalcertificateforwork.26.Theauthor'sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento..
D.Financialsupportfortravel.A.becomeOICvolunteersB.furthertheireducation
C.studyinforeigncountriesD.influenceotherchildrenA.worriedB.puzzled
27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?C.surprisedD.scared
A.One'spotentialcannotalwaysbeundenated.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?
B.Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.A.Thesignatoriesmaychangethebiophysicallimits.
C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwoixls.B.Theauthoragreeswiththemessageofthepoem.
D.Hewhohesitatesislost.C.Theissueofcollapseisbeingprioritized.
CD.Theglobalcollapseiswellunderway.
Hundredsofscientists,writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinanopenletterpublishedlastD
December:Policymakersand(herestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobalcollapse.ResearchersinmanyareasEarlyfifth-centuryphilosopherSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwhattimewasunlesssomeoneasked
(情景)
haveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas"acrediblescenariothiscentury”.him.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdependingonwhereyoumeasureit.Today's
Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents,foodinsecurity,andfreshwatershortagesmightcreateglobal
state-of-the-artatomic(原子的)clockshaveprovenEinsteinright.Evenadvancedphysicscan'tdecisivelytelluswhat
collapse.Ofcourse,ifyouareanon-humanspecies,collapseiswellunderway.
timeis,becausetheanswerdependsonthequestionyou'reasking.
Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstill-uncontrolled
Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute.Whatif,insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastronomy,werelatedtimeto
pandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld'smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago,itwasalso
ecology?Whatifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempo(二自奏)ofhumanlife?We'reincreasinglyaware
unthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.
ofthefactthatwecan'tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone,andrealizingthatweneedtomoderate(調(diào)節(jié))our
Theinternationalscholars5warningletterdoesn'tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmighthappen.actionsifwehope(oliveinbalance.Whatifourdefinitionoflimereflectedthat?
Collapseology,thestudyofcollapse,ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeveiydayRecently,Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthafsconnectedtocircumstancesonourplanet,conditions
civilization.Amongthesignatories(簽署者)ofthewarningwasBobJohnson,theoriginatorofthe4<ecologicalfbotprint”thatmightchangeasaresultofglobalwanning.We'renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotal
concept,whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.WiththecurrentflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers,whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges.We'veprogrammed
footprintofhumanity,*4itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform,possiblywithinadecade,certainly
ittomatchanatomicclockifthewaterwayscontinuetoflowattheirpresentrate.Iftheriversrunfasterinthefutureon
withinthiscentury/'Johnsonsaidinanemail.
average,theclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower,you'llseetheoppositeeffect.
“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits“theDecemberwarninglettersays,“canwehavethe
Theclockregistersbothshort-tennirregularitiesandlong-termtrendsinriverdynamics.It'sasortofobservatorythat
hopetoreducetheirspeed,severityandharm".Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobeignored.Werevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe(時間框架),andallowsustowitnessthosechanges
allwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote,
onoursmartwatchesorphones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththe
Manisavictimofdope(麻醉品)
planet.Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationtoatomictimewillencounteramajorimbalanceandmaybemotivated
Intheincurablefonnofhope.
tocounteractitbyconsuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.
Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent(執(zhí)著)onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness.twLet'slook
Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars,earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonatural
directlyintotheissueofcollapse?'theysay,“anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestof
phenomena.Inpre-ClassicalGreece,forinstance,peoplet*corrected,,officialcalendarsbyshiftingdatesforwardor
atroublingfuture.^^
backwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectiontotheenvironmentwasvitaltotheirsurvival.Likewise,
28.Whatdocstheunderlinedword"germane"inParagraph3probablymean?
rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswcYcdevelopingmayencourageenvironmentalawareness.
A.Scientific.B.Credible.
WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime'smostnoticeablequalities:
C.Original.D.Relevant.
Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.Anytimekeepingsystemisvalid,andeachisaspraiseworthyasits
29.Asfor(hepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse,theauthoris.
purpose.theirheartratesandbloodpressure.38Ontheotherhand,whenthemusicslowed,theparticipants'stressand
31.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?anxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.
A.Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.39Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor,whichis
B.Evetyonecandefinetimeontheirowntenns.whatmakesmusicsovaluable.
C.Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.A.Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.
D.Timeisamajorconcernofphilosophersandscientists.B.Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.
32.TheauthorraisesthreequestionsinParagraph2mainlyto.C.Thisideaisalittleoff-the-wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.
A.presentanassumptionB.evaluateanargumentD.Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.
C.highlightanexperimentD.introduceanapproachE.Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell-beingarereallyimpressive.
33.WhatCiinwelearnfromthispassage?F.Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.
A.Thosewhodonotgoonrivertimewillliveanimbalancedlife.G.Interestingly,themorecheerfulthemusicwas,thefastertheirheartrateswere.
B.NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.
第三部分書面表達(共兩節(jié),32分)
C.Atomictimewillgetaheadofrivertimeiftheriversrunslower.
第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分,第42題3分,第43題5分,共12分)
D.Moderntechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers'temporalframe.
閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。
34.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?
Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved,theemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedor
A.Itiscrucialtoimprovethedefinitionoftime.
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