新教材2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語選擇性第一冊(cè)學(xué)案：UNIT5SectionⅠ　ReadingandThinking含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精UNIT5WORKINGTHELANDHonorthe“FatherofHybridRice”YuanLongpingAstheoldChinesesayinggoes,“Humanity’smostfundamentalrelationshipiswithwhatweeat.”AlthoughfoodhasplayedanimportantpartinChinesecultureforyears,hungerhadbeenahugeprobleminthecountryuntilthe1970s.However，theChinesescientistYuanLongpinghelpedtofixthisproblem。OnSept8,2018Yuan,togetherwithtwootherscientists,wonChina's2018FutureSciencePrize，forhiscontinuousresearchonrice.Evenonhis88thbirthdayonSept7，hetookpartintheInternationalDevelopmentForumofRiceProductioninHunanprovince.Althoughhewasrecoveringfromanillnessatthetime,hewashappytotalktoreportersabouthislatestworkwithseawaterrice.Yuanhasbeenconductingresearchonricesincehewasatcollege.In1964，hediscoveredanaturalhybridriceplant.Sincethen，hehasfocusedondevelopinghigh。yield,hybridricevarieties。ThesevarietiesnowaccountforabouttwothirdsofChina'sricecrop,accordingtoChinaNews。So，it’snowonderthathe’sknownasthe“FatherofHybridRice"．AndthankstoChina'sBeltandRoadInitiative，Yuan'shybridriceishelpingtosolvefoodproblemsaroundtheworld。Indeed，accordingtoXinhuaNewsAgency,hybridriceplantsinKenyaproducefourtofivetimesmorericethanthecountry’sregularriceplants.Witharisingreputationaroundtheworld，YuandeliveredaspeechinEnglishatthe9thShandongHigh.LevelTalentsForuminQingdaoin2017。ThehumbleYuanwassimplybeingmodestduringhisspeech。Accordingtoa1999articlebyCNN，thescientistspeaksbothEnglishandRussianfluently。“IneverneedaninterpreterwhenIgooverseas，"hetoldtheUSnewsnetwork。Butinspiteofhisgreatknowledge,Yuanunderstandsthateventhewisestpeopleshouldstillbeopentolearningnewthings.“Thefarmersofourcountrypossessrichexperienceinplantingrice，”hetoldXinhua?！癢eshouldlearnfromthem.”開啟快樂學(xué)習(xí)之旅致敬“雜交水稻之父”袁隆平中國古語有云:“民以食為天.”盡管美食向來都是中國文化的重要組成部分，但在20世紀(jì)70年代以前,饑荒曾一直是我國的一大問題。而中國科學(xué)家袁隆平則致力于解決這一問題。2018年9月8日,袁隆平與另外兩名科學(xué)家獲得我國2018未來科學(xué)獎(jiǎng),以表彰其對(duì)水稻從未止步的研究。而在9月7日袁隆平88歲的生日當(dāng)天，他還參加了在湖南省舉行的國際稻作發(fā)展論壇。盡管當(dāng)時(shí)他大病初愈，但他很樂于與記者們談?wù)撟约宏P(guān)于“海水稻"的最新成果。袁隆平在大學(xué)時(shí)代便展開了水稻研究。1964年，他找到了一株“天然雜交水稻".從那時(shí)起,他便專注于培育高產(chǎn)的雜交水稻品種。據(jù)中國新聞網(wǎng)報(bào)道，這些品種如今占我國水稻作物的2/3。所以，袁隆平被稱為“雜交水稻之父"也就不足為奇了。得益于我國“一帶一路”倡議，袁隆平的雜交水稻能幫助全球解決糧食問題。的確,據(jù)新華社報(bào)道，在肯尼亞種植的雜交水稻優(yōu)良品種,平均產(chǎn)量是當(dāng)?shù)爻Ｒ?guī)品種的4至5倍。2017年,國際名望不斷提高的袁隆平在青島舉行的第九屆山東高層次人才論壇上做了一次英文演講.袁隆平為人謙遜，在演講中表現(xiàn)得很謙虛。據(jù)CNN1999年的一篇文章報(bào)道，這位科學(xué)家能說一口流利的英語和俄語。“我出國時(shí)從來不需要翻譯，"他在接受這家美國新聞媒體網(wǎng)站采訪時(shí)表示.盡管袁隆平學(xué)識(shí)淵博，但他深知,就算是最聰明的人也應(yīng)該對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)新事物抱有一種開放的心態(tài)?！拔覈r(nóng)民的種稻經(jīng)驗(yàn)相當(dāng)豐富，”他在接受新華社采訪時(shí)表示.“我們應(yīng)當(dāng)向他們學(xué)習(xí)。"模塊核心素養(yǎng)導(dǎo)航SectionⅠReadingandThinkingⅠ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．hybridn．雜交植(動(dòng))物;合成物；混合動(dòng)力車2．devotevt。把……獻(xiàn)（給)；把……專用于；專心于→devotionn．獻(xiàn)身，奉獻(xiàn);忠誠;信仰，祈禱；熱愛→devotedadj.獻(xiàn)身的；忠誠的3．shortagen．不足；缺少；短缺→shortadj.不足的；缺少的；短缺的4．tacklevt.解決(難題);應(yīng)付(局面）；處理5．crisisn．危機(jī)；危急關(guān)頭→crises（pl。)6．boostvt.使增長；使興旺n．增長；提高；激勵(lì)7．yieldn．產(chǎn)量;產(chǎn)出vt。出產(chǎn)（作物）；產(chǎn)生(收益、效益等）vi.屈服;讓步8．convincevt。使相信；使確信;說服→convincingadj.令人相信的；有說服力的；令人心悅誠服的9．characteristicn．特征；特點(diǎn)；品質(zhì)adj.典型的；獨(dú)特的→charactervt.使具有特征n．性格；特點(diǎn);字母；角色10．a(chǎn)ttainvt.11．conventionaladj。傳統(tǒng)的；習(xí)慣的12．pollinatevt.授粉;傳粉→pollinationn．授粉；傳粉13．a(chǎn)ssumptionn．假定;設(shè)定;（責(zé)任的）承擔(dān)；（權(quán)利的)獲得→assumev．假定;設(shè)定14．intenseadj。熱切的；十分強(qiáng)烈的；激烈的15．overcomevt。16．expandvt。＆vi.擴(kuò)大；增加vt。擴(kuò)展;發(fā)展（業(yè)務(wù)）→expansionn17．outputn．產(chǎn)量；輸出；輸出量vt.(output，output）輸出18．estimatevt.估計(jì)；估價(jià)；估算n．估計(jì)；估算19．domesticadj.本國的；國內(nèi)的；家用的20．consumptionn．消耗；消耗量；消費(fèi)→consumevt。消耗；消費(fèi)→consumern．消費(fèi)者21．comprisevt。包括；包含；由……組成22．generatevt.產(chǎn)生；引起23．strainn．(動(dòng)、植物的）系;品種；拉傷；壓力24．leisuren．閑暇；休閑；空閑25．soiln．泥土；土壤;國土;領(lǐng)土26．celebrityn．名望；名譽(yù)；名人；名流27．envisionvt。展望;想象→visionn．想象;視力；視野;影像28．grainn．谷物；谷粒；顆粒29．realityn．現(xiàn)實(shí)；實(shí)際情況；事實(shí)→realadj.真的;真實(shí)的→reallyadv.真正地30．saltyadj.含鹽的;咸的→saltn．鹽31．urbanadj。城市的；都市的;城鎮(zhèn)的32．bombn．炸彈vt.轟炸;對(duì)……投炸彈33．tunneln．地下通道；地道；隧道34．extensionn．?dāng)U建部分;擴(kuò)大;電話分機(jī)→extendvt.延伸；擴(kuò)大；推廣vi。延伸；擴(kuò)大;伸展35．chemicaladj.與化學(xué)有關(guān)的；化學(xué)的n．化學(xué)制品;化學(xué)品36．wheatn．小麥；小麥籽37．flavourn．味道；特點(diǎn);特色Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1．fulfill/realizeone’sdreams實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想2．carefor照顧;關(guān)心；喜歡3．beknownas作為……而出名4．devote。。。to把……用于；獻(xiàn)身;致力；專心5．becomprisedof包括；包含；由……組成(或構(gòu)成）6．both.。.and..。兩者都7．farfrom遠(yuǎn)非;絕不8．deepdown在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上;實(shí)際上9．a(chǎn)theart內(nèi)心里；本質(zhì)上;十分關(guān)心(某人的利益或福祉）10．a(chǎn)thomeandabroad國內(nèi)外11．openup將(瓶、盒等)開封；拆開(包裹、信封等)；開放(被封的道路、邊界等)；（使）（地方、經(jīng)濟(jì)、興趣領(lǐng)域等)開放;敞開心扉12．takeon承擔(dān),接受（尤指艱巨工作或重大責(zé)任）;呈現(xiàn)，顯出(新面貌或新特點(diǎn))13．turninto變成14．upto多達(dá);勝任15．makeuseof利用16．meetone’sdemands滿足某人的需要17．a(chǎn)daptto適應(yīng)18．nowthat既然19．makeupone’smind下定決心20．complainabout抱怨Ⅲ。重點(diǎn)句型1．Yet,heconsiders_himself_a_farmerbecausehecontinuallyworksthelandinhisresearch.然而，他認(rèn)為自己是個(gè)農(nóng)民，因?yàn)樗诓粩嗟匮芯扛N土地。2。Today，it_is_estimated_thatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan'shybridstrains。.。據(jù)估算，現(xiàn)在中國國內(nèi)消費(fèi)的大米有大約百分之六十來自袁隆平的雜交水稻……3．Yuan’sinnovationhashelpedfeednot_justChina,butmanyothercountriesthatdependonriceaswell。袁隆平的創(chuàng)新不僅幫助了中國，也幫助了許多其他依賴大米的國家。4．GiventhatYuan’shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeofleisure?？紤]到袁的雜交水稻讓他變得相當(dāng)富有，人們可能會(huì)認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受悠閑的生活。1eq\a\vs4\al（devotev.獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心）［典型例句]Hedevotedhimselftowriting。他專心寫作。Hehasdevotedhiswholelifetobenefitingmankind。他把一生都致力于造福人類。[思維拓展］(1)devotetime/effort/money.。.to.。。為……付出時(shí)間/努力/金錢devoteoneselfto..。獻(xiàn)身于……；專心致力于……devotedadj。忠實(shí)的；深愛的devotionn．摯愛;關(guān)愛；關(guān)照;奉獻(xiàn)（2）表示“專心于,全神貫注于"的短語還有：beabsorbedin,belostin,beburiedin，beoccupiedin,focuson,concentrateon,fixone'sattentiononHeisdevotedtohiscareerandhisdevotiontoprotectingenvironmenthaswonourrespect.他對(duì)事業(yè)很忠誠并且他對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán)境的獻(xiàn)身贏得了我們的尊敬。［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Devoted(devote）tocaringforhisfather,hedidn'tgoforapicnicwithus.2eq\a\vs4\al(shortagen。不足;缺少；短缺）[典型例句]Thereisnoshortageof（＝Thereareplentyof）thingstodointhetown.城里不愁找不到活兒干。［思維拓展]food/housing/watershortages食物/住房/用水短缺ashortageoffunds資金不足shortadj.不足的；缺少的；短缺的fallshortofsth。未達(dá)到；不符合beshortof缺乏，短缺inshort總之；簡(jiǎn)言之［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Ashortage（short)offundsispreventingtheUNfrommonitoringrelief.3eq\a\vs4\al（yield)[典型例句]（1）vt.出產(chǎn)（作物);產(chǎn)生（收益、效益等)Theresearchhasyieldedusefulinformation.這項(xiàng)研究提供了有用的資料。（2)vi.屈服；讓步Afteralongsiege，thetownwasforcedtoyield。經(jīng)過長時(shí)間的包圍，這座孤城被迫投降.（3）vi.放棄；繳出Herefusedtoyielduphisgun.他拒絕繳槍。(4)n.［C,U]產(chǎn)量；產(chǎn)出；利潤Thiswillgiveayieldof10%onyourinvestment。這會(huì)給你的投資帶來10%的利潤.［思維拓展]yield（tosth./sb。)屈服；讓步y(tǒng)ieldsth。/sb.（up)（tosb.)放棄；繳出yieldtosth。被……替代;為……所取代ahighcropyield作物豐收areductioninmilkyield牛奶產(chǎn)量的降低［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Hereluctantlyyieldedtotheirdemands。4eq\a\vs4\al（convincevt.使確信，使相信)［典型例句]Ittookmanyhourstoconvincethecourtofhisguilt.花費(fèi)了許多個(gè)小時(shí)法庭才相信他有罪。WeconvincedAnnytogobytrainratherthanbyplane。我們說服了安妮放棄乘飛機(jī)而坐火車走.［思維拓展]convincesb.ofsth。使某人相信某事convincesb。todosth.說服某人做某事beconvincedofsth。相信某事beconvincedthat相信某事convincingadj。令人信服的助記：con。(＝thoroughly,完全地)＋vinc(＝conquer，征服)＋e→完全征服對(duì)方→使信服[易混辨析]convince/persuadeconvince使（某人）信服，明白.指用事實(shí)或道理排除他人對(duì)某事的懷疑，使其深信某事是正確的。常接從句或用于convincesb.ofsth..另外，后面接不定式時(shí)意思與persuade相當(dāng),意為“說服某人做某事"。persuade勸說，說服。常接“intodoingsth?；騮odosth.和outofdoingsth.”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示拿出明顯的理由去說服某人做某事。接outofdoingsth。意思是說服某人不做某事。Theypersuadedusinto/outofgoing(＝togo/nottogo）totheparty.他們說服我們?nèi)?不去參加那次聚會(huì)。Wecouldn'tconvincehimofhismistake.我們無法使他明白他的錯(cuò).[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］I’mconvincedofhishonesty。5attainvt.（經(jīng)過努力)獲得；得到；達(dá)到（年齡、水平、狀況等）[典型例句]Heattainedsuccessthroughhardwork.他通過努力取得了成功.Thecheetahcanattainspeedsofupto97kph。獵豹的奔跑速度可達(dá)97千米/時(shí)。[思維拓展]attainableadj?？色@得的；可達(dá)到的attainmentn．達(dá)到；成就[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Evenatalentcan'tattain(attainment)greatachievementsunlessheconcentratesonwhatheisdoing。6eq\a\vs4\al（conventionaladj。常規(guī)的；傳統(tǒng)的；保守的)[典型例句］Internetconnectionsthroughconventionalphonelinesarefairlyslow。通過傳統(tǒng)的電話線連接的因特網(wǎng)速度有點(diǎn)兒慢。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Amicrowavecooksfoodmuchfasterthanaconventional(convention)oven.7eq\a\vs4\al（assumptionn.假定;設(shè)想；承擔(dān)；擔(dān)任)[典型例句]Hisassumptionprovedtobecorrect。他的假設(shè)被證明是對(duì)的。［思維拓展]makeanassumption假設(shè);認(rèn)為ontheassumptionthat。..在假定……的情況下assumevt。假定;設(shè)想；承擔(dān)assumethat...假設(shè)……assumeoffice就職assumeresponsibility承擔(dān)責(zé)任assumeanair/expressionof.。。裝出……的樣子/表情assumingthat。.。假定……（作連詞用,相當(dāng)于if)Weareworkingontheassumptionthattherateofinflationwillnotincreasenextyear。我們?cè)诩俣髂晖ㄘ浥蛎浡什辉黾拥那闆r下工作。Assumingthatitrains,whatshouldwedo?假定下雨了，我們?cè)撛趺崔k？[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Theassumption（assume）thatthepriceofthemeatwouldgodownbeforethefestivalwaswronginfact.8eq\a\vs4\al(overcomevt.＆vi。戰(zhàn)勝；克服;控制感情）［典型例句]Hestruggledtoovercomehisshyness。他努力克服自己的羞怯。[思維拓展］beovercomewith被（感情)所控制，受到情緒的極大影響B(tài)illwasovercomewithgrief。比爾悲痛欲絕.［易混辨析]overcome，beat,defeat，winovercome強(qiáng)調(diào)克服困難、障礙等。beat常指(在比賽或競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中）贏（某人)。beat，defeat后均跟表示人的名詞，如比賽、戰(zhàn)斗的對(duì)手；另外，二者常可互換，但defeat更正式。defeat側(cè)重指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上打敗敵人.win后跟表示物的名詞，比如比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎(jiǎng)金、獎(jiǎng)品、金錢等。Hebeatmeatchess。他下棋贏了我。Hedefeatedthechampioninthreesets。他三盤擊敗了冠軍。FrancewonbysixgoalstotwoagainstDenmark。法國隊(duì)以六比二戰(zhàn)勝丹麥隊(duì)。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Heovercame（overcome）alotofdifficultiesandsucceeded。9eq\a\vs4\al（expandvt。&vi.使變大；伸展)［典型例句]Heisthinkingofexpandinghisbusiness。他正考慮擴(kuò)張他的生意。Metalsexpandwhentheyareheated.金屬受熱會(huì)膨脹。WehaveplanstoexpandthebusinessintotheUSAmarket.我們計(jì)劃把業(yè)務(wù)擴(kuò)展到美國市場(chǎng)。［思維拓展]expand（。。。)into（把……）擴(kuò)展到expandon/upon詳述；充分?jǐn)⑹觯蹐D解助記］圖解expand,extend［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Hisbusinesswasexpanding（expand）．10eq\a\vs4\al(comprise）[典型例句］（1）vt。包括；包含；由……組成(不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)）Thecollectioncomprises327paintings。這部畫冊(cè)收有327幅畫。Thecommitteeiscomprisedofrepresentativesfromboththepublicandprivatesectors.委員會(huì)由政府和私人部門的雙方代表組成。（2）vt。是(某事物的)組成部分;組成；構(gòu)成Olderpeoplecomprisealargeproportionofthoselivinginpoverty。在那些生活貧困的人中，老年人占有很大的比例.[思維拓展]becomprisedof＝consistof由……組成comprise＝makesth.up[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Thefountainwascomprisedofthreestonebasins.11eq\a\vs4\al（generatevt.產(chǎn)生；引起)[典型例句]Weneedsomeonetogeneratenewideas。我們需要有人出新主意。[思維拓展]generateelectricity/heat/power發(fā)電/產(chǎn)生熱/動(dòng)力generateincome/profit產(chǎn)生收益/利潤generation［U]（尤指電、熱等的）產(chǎn)生[C＋sing./pl。v。］(統(tǒng)稱)一代人，同代人，同輩人；代，一代，一輩thegenerationofelectricity發(fā)電methodsofincomegeneration產(chǎn)生收益的方法storiespasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration世代相傳的故事generatorn.發(fā)電機(jī)［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Japanhasannouncedplansforasharpriseinitsnuclearpowergeneration（generate）．12eq\a\vs4\al(urbanadj.城市的；市鎮(zhèn)的)［典型例句]Weliveinurbanareaswithourchildren。我們和孩子們一起住在市區(qū).Wemuststopthedamagetobothurbanandcountryenvironments.我們必須制止對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)環(huán)境的破壞.[思維拓展］urbanizationn．都市化，城市化［圖解助記]圖解urban，rural［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Urbanization(urban）willbecomeincreasinglyimportantinthefuture.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)一1．Ifyouseefailure,you’llcreateit,sowhynotenvision（vision)success，instead?2．Theuniverseisslowlyyieldingupitssecrets.3．Itisestimated（that）theprojectwilllastfouryears。4．Acrowdcomprised（comprise)ofthewivesandchildrenofscientistsstagedademonstration.5．Weovercame(overcome）manyunforeseendifficulties。6．Weareworkingontheassumption(assume）thateveryoneinvitedwillturnup。7．Shehasdevotedherselfunreservedlytothegreatcause.8．Shesoundedveryconvincing（convince）tome（＝Ibelievedwhatshesaid）.9．Thisstandardiseasilyattainable（attain）bymoststudents.10．Sheisnotshortofexcuseswhenthingsgowrong。1eq\a\vs4\al（carefor照顧；關(guān)心;喜歡)[典型例句]Theyhiredanursetocareforher.他們雇了個(gè)護(hù)士來照顧她。Hecaredforhermorethansherealized.她不知道他是多么在乎她。[詞語辨析］careabout，carefor和carewith都有“關(guān)心”“擔(dān)心”的意思,但是在表示“介意”“計(jì)較”意思時(shí)，要用careabout。在表示“關(guān)懷”“照顧”“想要”的意思時(shí)，要用carefor。Hedoesn’tcareabouthisclothes。他不講究衣著.Wemustcarefortheyoungergeneration.我們必須關(guān)懷年輕的一代.[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]①Ihadmychildrentocarefor,_andIhadtomakeadecision。②Idon’tcareforgreen.Ilikered。2eq\a\vs4\al（farfrom遠(yuǎn)非；絕不)［典型例句］Itwasobviousthatmuchofwhattheyrecordedwasfarfromthetruth.顯然，他們所記錄的很多根本不是事實(shí).［思維拓展］farfrom后常接名詞、動(dòng)名詞或形容詞。farfromthetruth/case遠(yuǎn)非事實(shí)farfromsatisfactory遠(yuǎn)不令人滿意[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Farfrombeing_relaxed（relax)，webothfeltsouncomfortablethatwehardlyspoke。3eq\a\vs4\al（takeon）［典型例句］（1)承擔(dān)，接受（尤指艱巨工作或重大責(zé)任）Nootherorganisationwasableorwillingtotakeonthejob。沒有任何別的組織有能力或愿意承擔(dān)此項(xiàng)工作。（2）呈現(xiàn)，顯出（新面貌或新特點(diǎn))Believinghehadonlyayeartolive,hiswritingtookonafeverishintensity。由于以為自己只剩一年的活頭，他的文字開始變得激情澎湃。（3）（公共汽車、船舶等)上（客)，裝(貨),補(bǔ)充（燃料）Thisisabriefstoptotakeonpassengersandwater。這是一次短暫?？浚仙峡?加加水。(4）雇用；錄用He'sspokentoapublishingfirm.They’regoingtotakehimon。他和一家出版公司談過了,他們打算雇用他.［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］Don'ttakeonmoreresponsibilitiesthanyoucanhandle.4eq\a\vs4\al(makeuseof利用；使用)[典型例句］WeshouldmakefulluseoftheInternet.我們應(yīng)充分利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。WeshouldmakeuseofeverychancetopractisespeakingEnglish。我們應(yīng)該利用每一次機(jī)會(huì)來練習(xí)說英語。Howdidyoumakeuseofyoursparetime？你是怎么利用你的業(yè)余時(shí)間的？［思維拓展］makegood/fulluseof好好/充分利用makethebestof充分利用(有利條件）makethemostof充分/盡量利用（有利條件）makelittleuseof幾乎不利用;不充分利用[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練］EveryminutemustbemadeuseoftoimproveourspokenEnglish。必須利用每一分鐘來提高我們的英語口語。5eq\a\vs4\al(nowthat既然)［典型例句]Nowthatthekidshavelefthomewe’vegotalotofextraspace。孩子們都離開家了，我們住著就更寬敞了。Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork，you’dbetterhavearest。既然你的工作已經(jīng)做完了，最好休息一下吧。[易混辨析］nowthat，because，since,as,fornowthat固定短語，意為“既然；由于"，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,that可以省略。because表示直接的或?yàn)槿怂恢脑颍Z氣最強(qiáng)。回答用why提問的問句。since意為“既然”，表示已知或共知的原因，但并非直接原因.可與nowthat互換。as意為“由于”，表示顯而易見或已為人所知的原因.語氣比because弱。for意為“因?yàn)椤?，并列連詞,表示補(bǔ)充說明的理由。引導(dǎo)分句，不能置于句首.[思維拓展］類似although/though不能與but連用，because不能與so連用，當(dāng)since,nowthat引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句時(shí)，主句前不能加so等連詞.[譯］既然你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好了，我們現(xiàn)在可以走了。[誤]Nowthatyouareready,sowecangonow。［正］Nowthatyouareready，wecangonow。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]NowthatIamfree，Icanenjoymusicforawhile.6eq\a\vs4\al（makeupone'smind下決心；決定）[典型例句］Ican’tmakeupmymindwhethertogoornot.我無法決定去還是不去。Wehavemadeupourmindstofinishtheworkbeforedark。我們決心在天黑前完成工作。[思維拓展]changeone'smind改變主意keep/havesth.inmind記住某事loseone'smind失去理智[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Themanwhohasmadeuphismindtowinwillneversayimpossible.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)二1．Youneedn'tcareabouthissafety。2．Wouldyoucareforawalkaftersupper?3．Ittookmeseveralminutestoadapttothedarkness.4．Nowthatthechildrenhavecleanedup，youcanletthemgo.5．Wastematerialscanstillbemadeuseof。6．OnceIhavemadeupmymind,nothingcanmakemechangeit。1Yet，heconsidershimselfafarmerbecausehecontinuallyworksthelandinhisresearch.然而,他認(rèn)為自己是個(gè)農(nóng)民,因?yàn)樗诓粩嗟匮芯扛N土地。[句式分析］consider在此表示“認(rèn)為".［思維拓展］considervt。考慮；認(rèn)為considersth。考慮某事considerdoingsth.考慮做某事consider＋wh.todo/wh。clause考慮……considerthat...認(rèn)為……considersb./sth.(as)．。.認(rèn)為某人/某物是……considersb。/sth.(tobe)＋adj./n.認(rèn)為某人/某物……considerit＋adj。/n。＋todo認(rèn)為做某事是……beconsideredtodo/havedone被認(rèn)為做某事/做了某事Weconsiderthatthesongisworthlisteningto.我們認(rèn)為這首歌值得聽。Heconsidershimselfanexpert.他認(rèn)為自己是專家。Doyouconsideritwisetogotherebyyourself?你認(rèn)為你自己去那里明智嗎?[巧學(xué)妙記］—Haveyouconsideredchangingyourjob？——你考慮過換工作嗎？—No.Ilikemyjobbecauseateacherisgenerallyconsideredtobeagardener。——沒有，我喜歡我的工作，因?yàn)槿藗儚V泛認(rèn)為老師是園丁。［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Ihavebeenconsideringbuying(buy）anewcar，whichisconsideredto_be（be)asymbolofidentity.2Today,it_is_estimated_thatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaiscomprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan'shybridstrains。。.據(jù)估算,現(xiàn)在中國國內(nèi)消費(fèi)的大米有大約百分之六十來自袁隆平的雜交水稻……[句式分析]本句屬于“It＋be＋過去分詞＋that。。。"結(jié)構(gòu)，句中that引導(dǎo)主語從句，主語從句本身又是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，從句中（so...）that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。［思維拓展］“It＋be＋過去分詞＋that。。?！苯Y(jié)構(gòu)：it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語，that僅起連接作用，不作成分。常用動(dòng)詞:say，report，think，hope，suggest,believe，know等。該句型可轉(zhuǎn)換為“Sb。/Sth.＋be＋過去分詞＋不定式”(hope和suggest除外）。It'ssuggestedthatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon。建議她今天下午就應(yīng)該完成她的家庭作業(yè).ItwasreportedthattheUFOwasflyingfromthewesttotheeastwhenpeoplesawit。＝TheUFOwasreportedtobeflyingfromthewesttotheeastwhenpeoplesawit.據(jù)報(bào)道，人們看見那個(gè)不明飛行物時(shí)，它正從西向東飛。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練]Itisbelievedthatheisfitforthejob。3GiventhatYuan’shybridshavemadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldretiretoalifeofleisure。考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當(dāng)富有,人們可能認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受閑適的生活。［句式分析］Given用作介詞，表示“只要是;考慮到；假定；已知”等意思?！癵iven＋that從句”意思是“考慮到……”，相