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Unit3listeningandspeaking習(xí)題檢測(cè)一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1.(2023春·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Mr.Lee(host)thereceptiontomorrow.【答案】willhost【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:李先生將主持明天的招待會(huì)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tomorrow可知,句子描述將來(lái)的一般情況,應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí),即willhost。故填willhost。2.(2023春·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Itmakessensetoworktheproblemofsmogbeforeitgetsoutofcontrol.【答案】out【詳解】考查介詞。句意:在霧霾問(wèn)題失控之前解決它是有道理的。結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知,空處應(yīng)用介詞out,構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)workout,表示“解決”,符合題意。故填out。3.(2023春·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Hisproposalisthatanew(track)systembedeveloped.【答案】tracking【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:他的建議是開(kāi)發(fā)一種新的跟蹤系統(tǒng)。分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ),再分析句意可知,track和system之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填tracking。4.(2023·全國(guó)·高一假期作業(yè))Physical(fit)hasnowbecomeanimportantelementinourlives.【答案】fitness【詳解】考查名詞。句意:身體健康現(xiàn)在成為了我們生活中一個(gè)重要的元素。作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)用名詞fitness,為不可數(shù)名詞。故填fitness。5.(2023春·高一單元測(cè)試)Thetwofighterswillmeetnextweekforthe(拳擊)championships.【答案】boxing【詳解】考查名詞。句意:這兩位拳手將于下周舉行拳擊錦標(biāo)賽。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,名詞boxing符合題意,作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞championships。故填boxing。6.(2023秋·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Allthe(event)describedinthisstoryareimaginary.【答案】events【詳解】考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。句意:這個(gè)故事中所描述的所有事件都是虛構(gòu)的。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處在句中作主語(yǔ),用名詞,event為可數(shù)名詞,結(jié)合前面的all及后面的be動(dòng)詞are可知,此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填events。7.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Nomatterwhatdifficulty,weshouldtrytoovercomeitwithcourageand(determine).【答案】determination【詳解】考查名詞。句意:無(wú)論遇到什么困難,我們都要用勇氣和決心去克服它。在介詞with后應(yīng)用名詞determination表示“決心”作賓語(yǔ)。故填determination。8.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistof(strong)andachievements.【答案】strengths【詳解】考查名詞。句意:在日記中翻一頁(yè)列出你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和成就。根據(jù)句意及所給句子可知,此處與achievements是并列賓語(yǔ),應(yīng)用名詞strength“優(yōu)點(diǎn)”,是可數(shù)名詞,前無(wú)限定詞,應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,表泛指。故填strengths。9.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Ifeelit(honour)tohaveachancetogoabroadforfurtherstudynextyear.【答案】honoured【詳解】考查形容詞。句意:明年有機(jī)會(huì)出國(guó)深造,我感到很榮幸。分析句子,設(shè)空處使用honour的形容詞honoured作賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),意為“光榮的”,句中feelithonouredtodosth為固定短語(yǔ),意為“為做某事感到榮幸”。故填honoured。10.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))MyfriendsandIwenttothefootballmatchlastnightandwehadgoodtimethere.【答案】a【詳解】考查冠詞。句意:我和我的朋友昨晚去看足球比賽,我們?cè)谀抢锿娴煤荛_(kāi)心。句中haveagoodtime為固定短語(yǔ),意為“玩得開(kāi)心”。故填a。11.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Collectingstampsasahobby(become)increasinglypopularduringthepastfiftyyears.【答案】hasbecome【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:在過(guò)去的五十年里,集郵作為一種愛(ài)好越來(lái)越受歡迎。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)duringthepastfiftyyears可知,用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句意,故填hasbecome。12.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Asateenager,itisimportant(develop)agoodeatinghabitandtakeregularexercise.【答案】todevelop【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:作為青少年,養(yǎng)成良好的飲食習(xí)慣和經(jīng)常鍛煉是很重要的。此處用不定式做真正的主語(yǔ)。故填todevelop。13.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Ifyouwanttosellyourcar,whynot(put)anadvertisementinthelocalpaper?【答案】put【詳解】考查固定句式。句意:如果你想賣(mài)你的車(chē),為什么不在當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙上登個(gè)廣告呢?whynotdo...?表示“為什么不做……?”,用于給對(duì)方提出建議。故填put。14.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Thepolicehavebeenkeepingtracktheundergroundorganizationfortwoyears.【答案】of【詳解】考查介詞。句意:兩年來(lái)警方一直在了解那個(gè)地下組織的動(dòng)向。keeptrackof...意為“了解……的動(dòng)態(tài)”,固定搭配。故填of。15.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Overthepastyears,wehavegotusedto(wear)masksand(show)ourhealthQRcodeswhereverwewent.【答案】wearingshowing【詳解】考查固定用法。句意:這些年來(lái),我們已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了戴著口罩,走到哪里都要出示健康二維碼。getusedto(doing)sth.意為“習(xí)慣于(做)某事”,為固定用法。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,前后兩空由and連接,并列作介詞to的賓語(yǔ),故空處分別填wearing和showing。故分別填wearing;showing。二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填寫(xiě)單詞16.(2023春·高一單元測(cè)試)Thissportsmeetis(主辦)bythecompanynexttoourschool.【答案】hosted【詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:這次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是由我們學(xué)校隔壁的公司主辦的。表示“主辦”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞host。根據(jù)“bythecompanynexttoourschool”和句意可知,此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),空前有is。故填hosted。17.(2023春·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))OnApril13,China’swomen’s(足球)teamwonatickettothissummer’sTokyoOlympics.【答案】soccer【詳解】考查名詞。句意:4月13日,中國(guó)女足贏得了今夏東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)的入場(chǎng)券。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知應(yīng)用名詞soccer,作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞team。故填soccer。18.(2020秋·廣東梅州·高一校聯(lián)考期中)Theimportant(事件)oftheweekwasthebigstorm.【答案】event【詳解】考查名詞。句意:這個(gè)星期的大事是那場(chǎng)大風(fēng)暴。形容詞important后接名詞形式,在句中作主語(yǔ)?!笆录庇⑽臑閑vent,根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was可知,用名詞的單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示及句意,故填event。19.(2022秋·廣東梅州·高一校考期中)Wefollowedthebear’s(足跡)inthesnow.【答案】tracks【詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:我們沿著雪地里熊的腳印走。名詞track“足跡”為可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)句中“Wefollowedthebear’s”及“inthesnow”可知,這里為復(fù)數(shù)含義,故填tracks。20.(2022秋·廣東梅州·高一??计谥校㎡urschoolhasbuiltanew(健身房).【答案】gym【詳解】考查名詞。句意:我們學(xué)校已經(jīng)修建了一個(gè)新的健身房。設(shè)空處前為形容詞,形容詞修飾名詞,該空作build的賓語(yǔ),設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞,設(shè)空處前為不定冠詞a,設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞的單數(shù)形式。結(jié)合漢語(yǔ)提示,故填gym。21.(2023秋·福建泉州·高一福建省泉州市泉港區(qū)第一中學(xué)??计谥校癗o(汗水),nosweet”issimilarto“Nopains,nogains”inmeaning.【答案】sweat【詳解】考查名詞。句意:“不勞則無(wú)獲”和“一份耕耘一份收獲”意思類(lèi)似。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知,sweat汗水,不可數(shù)名詞。故填sweat。22.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Unlikeherclassmates,sheplayed(羽毛球)andbasketballmostofthetimeinthesummervacation.【答案】badminton【詳解】考查名詞。句意:不像她的同學(xué),她在暑假的大部分時(shí)間都在打羽毛球和籃球。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示可知,badminton羽毛球,在句中作賓語(yǔ)。故填badminton。23.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Ledbythe(隊(duì)長(zhǎng)),theyoungplayersworkedtogetherandbeattheopponent.【答案】captain【詳解】考查名詞。句意:在隊(duì)長(zhǎng)的帶領(lǐng)下,年輕隊(duì)員們齊心協(xié)力,打敗了對(duì)手。分析句子機(jī)構(gòu)可知,空前是介詞by,所以空處應(yīng)填名詞作介詞by的賓語(yǔ),根據(jù)所給中文提示詞,應(yīng)是captain意為“隊(duì)長(zhǎng)”。故填captain。24.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))IntheOlympicGames,theplayersnotonlywin(獎(jiǎng)牌)butalsogloryfortheircountries.【答案】medals【詳解】考查名詞。句意:在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上,運(yùn)動(dòng)員不僅贏得獎(jiǎng)牌,而且為他們的國(guó)家爭(zhēng)光。分析句子,設(shè)空處使用名詞作賓語(yǔ)。表示“獎(jiǎng)牌”用medal,結(jié)合主語(yǔ)players為復(fù)數(shù)可知,獎(jiǎng)牌不止一個(gè),應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填medals。25.(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))The(冠軍)ofthespeechcontestwillbeawardedwithaprizeof1,000dollars.【答案】champion【詳解】考查名詞。句意:演講比賽的冠軍將獲得1000美元的獎(jiǎng)金。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示,表示“冠軍”含義的詞為champion,根據(jù)空白處前面的冠詞可知空白處應(yīng)填名詞,故填champion。三、(2023春·全國(guó)·高一專(zhuān)題練習(xí))用方框中所給單詞或詞組的適當(dāng)形式完成句子partner;geometry;automatic;workout;reflecton;brushup;bebasedon;endup;inshort;attheheartof26.Ifeelthatisadifficultsubject.27.Breathingisanfunctionofthebody.28.I’veyourshareoftheexpenseat$10.29.Ourcustomersareeverythingwedo.30.Aspeoplegetolder,theywillthepast.31.SpainhasbeenoneofCuba’smajortrading.32.Heonsomelanguagepointsbeforetheexam.33.Sciencefictionisatypeofwritingthatfantasy.34.Atfirstherefusedtoadmithisfaultbutapologising.35.Hehopedforgreatertrustbetweenthetwonations,moretrade,moreculturalexchanges—,alastingpeace.【答案】26.geometry27.a(chǎn)utomatic28.workedout29.a(chǎn)ttheheartof30.reflecton31.partners32.brushedup33.isbasedon34.endedup35.inshort【解析】26.考查名詞。句意:我感覺(jué)到了幾何學(xué)是一門(mén)很難的學(xué)科。根據(jù)句中“adifficultsubject”可知,空處應(yīng)填學(xué)科名詞,geometry“幾何學(xué)”,符合題意,故填geometry。27.考查形容詞。句意:呼吸是身體的一種自動(dòng)功能??仗幵诰渲袨槎ㄕZ(yǔ),修飾名詞“function”,結(jié)合句意可知,呼吸是身體自有的一項(xiàng)功能,是一個(gè)自動(dòng)化的過(guò)程,因此空處應(yīng)填“自動(dòng)的”,形容詞automatic“自動(dòng)的”,符合題意,故填automatic。28.考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我算出你應(yīng)分擔(dān)的費(fèi)用是10美元。根據(jù)句中“yourshareoftheexpenseat$10”可知,空處的內(nèi)容為“計(jì)算出”,短語(yǔ):workout“計(jì)算出”,符合題意,同時(shí)結(jié)合空前have可知,句子的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故填workedout。29.考查短語(yǔ)。句意:我們的客戶(hù)是我們所做一切的核心。根據(jù)句意可知,顧客是我們一切工作的核心。短語(yǔ):attheheartof“以……為核心”,符合題意,故填attheheartof。30.考查短語(yǔ)。句意:隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),人們會(huì)反思過(guò)去。結(jié)合句意可知,空處應(yīng)填“反思”含義,短語(yǔ):reflecton“反思,回憶”符合題意,結(jié)合空前will,所以空處動(dòng)詞用原形。故填reflecton。31.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:西班牙一直是古巴的主要貿(mào)易伙伴之一。oneof+名詞復(fù)數(shù),意為“……之一”,結(jié)合句中“majortrading”可知,此處填partners,tradingpartner“貿(mào)易伙伴”,故填partners。32.考查時(shí)態(tài)和短語(yǔ)。句意:他在考試前溫習(xí)了一些語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn)。根據(jù)句中“somelanguagepointsbeforetheexam”可知,這里指考試前溫習(xí)了一些語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn),短語(yǔ):brushupon“復(fù)習(xí),溫習(xí)”,結(jié)合句意可知,句子講述的為過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,所以時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),根據(jù)英文提示,故填brushedup。33.考查短語(yǔ)。句意:科幻小說(shuō)是一種以幻想為基礎(chǔ)的作品。結(jié)合句意可知,空處的內(nèi)容為“根據(jù)”含義,短語(yǔ):bebasedon“以……為根據(jù)/基礎(chǔ)”,符合題意。分析句子,空處為that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞that指代先行詞“atypeofwriting”,為單數(shù)含義,同時(shí)結(jié)合主句系動(dòng)詞is,所以空處的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),be用is,故填isbasedon。34.考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。句意:起初,他拒絕承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤,但最后還是道歉了。根據(jù)句中“Atfirstherefusedtoadmithisfault”可知,此處為最終道了歉。短語(yǔ):endup“結(jié)果為,最終”符合題意,分析可知,but在句中為并列連詞,其后的句子省略了句子主語(yǔ)he,所以空處的時(shí)態(tài)和前一個(gè)句子謂語(yǔ)“refused”保持一致,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填endedup。35.考查短語(yǔ)。句意:他希望兩國(guó)之間有更大的信任,更多的貿(mào)易,更多的文化交流——簡(jiǎn)而言之,持久的和平。分析可知,破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容為對(duì)前文內(nèi)容的總結(jié),短語(yǔ):inshort“總而言之”,起總結(jié)作用,符合題意,故填inshort。四、閱讀理解A(2023春·福建福州·高一福建省福清第一中學(xué)校聯(lián)考期末)Thoughdietandexercisearerecommendedaswaystoimprovehealth,newUCRresearchisthefirsttoexaminethelong-lasting,combinedeffectsofbothfactorswhentheyareexperiencedearlyinlife.“Anytimeyougotoadoctorwithconcernsaboutyourweight,almostwithoutfail,thedoctorrecommendsthatyouexerciseandeatless,”saidresearcherMarcellCadney.“That’swhyit’ssurprisingmoststudiesonlylookatdietorexerciseseparately.Inthisstudy,wewantedtoincludeboth,”hesaid.Theresearchersfoundthatearly-lifeexerciseledtoreducedanxiousbehaviorsandanincreaseinadultmuscleandbrainmass.WhenfedWestern-styledietshighinfatandsugar,themicenotonlybecamefatter,butalsogrewintoadultsthatpreferredunhealthyfood.Toobtainthefindings,theresearchersdividedtheyoungmiceintofourgroups—thosewithaccesstoexercise,thosewithoutaccess,thosefedastandard,healthydietandthosewhoateaWesterndiet.Micestartedontheirdietsimmediatelyafterweaning(斷奶),andcontinuedwiththemforthreeweeksuntiltheyreachedadulthood.Afteranadditionaleightweeksof“washout”,duringwhichallmicewerehousedwithoutwheelsandonahealthydiet,theresearchersdidabehavioralanalysisandmeasuredlevelsofseveraldifferenthormones.Oneofthosetheymeasured,leptin,isproducedbyfatcells.Ithelpscontrolbodyweightbyincreasingenergyconsumptionandsignalingthatlessfoodisrequired.Early-lifeexerciseincreasedadultleptinlevelsinadultmice,regardlessofthediettheyate.Previously,theresearchteamfoundthateatingtoomuchfatandsugarasachildcanchangethemicrobiome(微生物群)forlife,eveniftheylatereathealthier.Goingforward,theteamplanstostudywhetherfatorsugarismoreresponsibleforthenegativeeffectstheymeasuredinWestern-diet-fedmice.Thisstudyoffersgreatopportunitiesforhealthinterventionsinchildhoodhabits.“Ourfindingsmayberelatedtounderstandingthepotentialeffectsofactivityreductionsanddietarychangesassociatedwithoverweight,”saidMarcell.36.WhatisspecialaboutthenewUCRresearch?A.Ittakesbothexerciseanddietintoaccount.B.Itisthefirsttostudytheeffectofexercise.C.Itfindstherelationbetweenhealthanddiet.D.Itgivesequalimportancetophysicalandmentalhealth.37.Whatmayearly-lifeexercisecontributeto?A.Strongerbones. B.Adesireforhealthyfood.C.Apeacefulmind. D.Thevariousmicrobiomeforlife.38.WhatismainlydiscussedabouttheresearchinParagraph3?A.Itsprocess. B.Itsimportance. C.Itsobjective. D.Itsresults.39.Theunderlinedword“l(fā)eptin”inParagraph4referstoatypeof________.A.Behavior. B.Mouse. C.Diet. D.Hormone.40.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.It’snevertoolatetomakeachange.B.Early-lifehealthhabitsmatter.C.Ahealthybodyleadstoahealthymind.D.Dietaryhabitsmakeadifferencetochildren’sbehavior.【答案】36.A37.C38.A39.D40.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一項(xiàng)研究表明,早年的鍛煉可以減少焦慮行為,增加成年后的肌肉和大腦質(zhì)量,而從小吃高脂肪和高糖西餐的人不僅會(huì)變胖,而且長(zhǎng)大后也更喜歡不健康食物。這項(xiàng)研究為孩子習(xí)慣的健康干涉提供了很好的機(jī)會(huì)。36.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“‘That’swhyit’ssurprisingmoststudiesonlylookatdietorexerciseseparately.Inthisstudy,wewantedtoincludeboth,’hesaid.(他說(shuō):‘這就是為什么令人驚訝地大多數(shù)研究只單獨(dú)研究飲食或鍛煉。在這項(xiàng)研究中,我們希望將兩者都包括在內(nèi)?!?”可知,這項(xiàng)研究的特別之處在于它同時(shí)考慮了鍛煉和飲食。故選A。37.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Theresearchersfoundthatearly-lifeexerciseledtoreducedanxiousbehaviorsandanincreaseinadultmuscleandbrainmass.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn),早年的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)減少焦慮行為,增加成年小鼠的肌肉和大腦質(zhì)量。)”可知,早年的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)減少焦慮行為,由此可推測(cè)出,這對(duì)心理健康有好處,會(huì)讓人有助于擁有平和的心態(tài)。故選C。38.段落大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Toobtainthefindings,theresearchersdividedtheyoungmiceintofourgroups—thosewithaccesstoexercise,thosewithoutaccess,thosefedastandard,healthydietandthosewhoateaWesterndiet.(為了獲得這些發(fā)現(xiàn),研究人員將這些幼鼠分為四組,一組可以鍛煉,一組不能鍛煉,一組吃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)健康飲食和一組吃西方飲食的小鼠。)”可知,研究人員將幼鼠分成四組進(jìn)行研究。接下來(lái)“Micestartedontheirdietsimmediatelyafterweaning(斷奶),andcontinuedwiththemforthreeweeksuntiltheyreachedadulthood.Afteranadditionaleightweeksof‘washout’,duringwhichallmicewerehousedwithoutwheelsandonahealthydiet,theresearchersdidabehavioralanalysisandmeasuredlevelsofseveraldifferenthormones.(小鼠斷奶后立即開(kāi)始這種飲食,并持續(xù)三周,直到成年。在又進(jìn)行了八周的‘取消活動(dòng)’后,在這期間所有的老鼠都被安置在沒(méi)有輪子和健康飲食的地方,研究人員進(jìn)行了行為分析,并測(cè)量了幾種不同激素的水平。)”講述了研究人員具體的研究過(guò)程。由此可推測(cè)出。本段主要講述的是研究的過(guò)程。故選A。39.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Afteranadditionaleightweeksof‘washout’,duringwhichallmicewerehousedwithoutwheelsandonahealthydiet,theresearchersdidabehavioralanalysisandmeasuredlevelsofseveraldifferenthormones.(在又進(jìn)行了八周的‘取消活動(dòng)’后,在這期間所有的老鼠都被安置在沒(méi)有輪子和健康飲食的地方,研究人員進(jìn)行了行為分析,并測(cè)量了幾種不同激素的水平。)”,畫(huà)線(xiàn)詞所在句中的“Oneofthosetheymeasured”指的是上文的“severaldifferenthormones”,所以可推測(cè)出leptin是一種激素。故選D。40.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Previously,theresearchteamfoundthateatingtoomuchfatandsugarasachildcanchangethemicrobiome(微生物群)forlife,eveniftheylatereathealthier.(此前,研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn),小時(shí)候攝入過(guò)多的脂肪和糖會(huì)終身改變微生物群,即使他們后來(lái)吃得更健康。)”可知,小時(shí)候攝入過(guò)多的脂肪和糖會(huì)影響身體一輩子。結(jié)合最后一段中的“Thisstudyoffersgreatopportunitiesforhealthinterventionsinchildhoodhabits.(這項(xiàng)研究為兒童習(xí)慣的健康干預(yù)提供了很好的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知,要對(duì)兒童的習(xí)慣進(jìn)行健康方面的干預(yù)。由此可推測(cè)出,早年的健康習(xí)慣是非常重要的。故選B。B(2023春·江西宜春·高一江西省宜豐中學(xué)??计谀〧romSantaBarbaratoScotland,strangersarebecomingfriendsbygoingonbikeridestogether.TheygetpairedupbyCyclingWithoutAge,anorganizationthathelpsseniorsgoforbikerides,eveniftheycan’tpedalthemselves.HughLyonandDavidLawrence,whoareroughly20yearsapartinage,havebeenridingtogetherforyears.The56-year-oldLawrenceservesasa“pilot”,drivingthetrishaw—abikewithapassengerseatinthefrontthatCyclingWithoutAgeusesfortheirrides.Theygoforridesaboutonceaweekoftendiscussingthehistoryoftheirtown.“Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeoplefromanoldergeneration,”saidLawrence“andIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheirstories.”Thepairhaveformedafriendshipoutsideofcycling.LawrencesaidhecallsLyonoftenandgoestothegymwithhimtohelphimwithexerciseshecan’tdoonhisown.OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat’sthepoweroftheprogram.“Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleandstoriestogethertocreatenewrelationships,”hetoldCBSNews.“Inmyfriendships—andtheabilitytoformnewrelationshipsatanyage—arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongandhappylife.”JohnBoettnerstartedtheSantaBarbarachapter.Hehasoneruleforpassengers.“Theysay,‘WhatdoesitcostifI’mgoingtogoforaride?’Isay,‘Here’swhatitcosts:Youhavetowave.Ifyoudon’twave,I’mgoingtokickyouout,’”hejoked.Hesaidhelikeswhentheyhitredlights,becauseitgivesthemachancetoconnectwithpeopleontheroad.“DrivingthetrishawisthebestadvertisementforCyclingWithoutAge”,Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea101-year-oldwomanforabikerideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouandgivesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn’tgetanybetterthanthat.”41.WhatdidLawrencebenefitfromCyclingWithoutAge?A.Pickingupforgottenstories. B.Improvinghishealthcondition.C.Understandinghisparents’love. D.Creatingarelationshipwithseniors.42.WhydidOleKassowmention“friendships”?A.Tosharethepleasureofcycling. B.Tostatethenatureofhappiness.C.Toshowthevalueoftheprogram. D.Tointroducethedefinitionofagoodlife.43.WhatcanwelearnfromBoettner’swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Theprogramneedstobeadvertised. B.Passengershavetopayfortheirrides.C.Redlightsconnectpeopleontheroad. D.Bikeridersfeelfulfilledbyofferingrides.44.Whatisthebesttitleforthisarticle?A.Everycloudhasasilverlining B.FriendshiponthewheelsC.Growthroughlife D.Happinessisajourney,notadestination【答案】41.D42.C43.D44.B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇新聞報(bào)道,介紹了一個(gè)幫助人們通過(guò)騎自行車(chē)來(lái)建立友誼的騎行組織。41.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段““Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeoplefromanoldergeneration,”saidLawrence“andIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheirstories.”(勞倫斯說(shuō):“盡管我的父母已經(jīng)去世,但它讓我與老一輩的人建立了聯(lián)系,我喜歡和他們?cè)谝黄?,?tīng)他們的故事?!?”可知,勞倫斯從“無(wú)年齡騎行”中與長(zhǎng)輩建立了關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。42.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat’sthepoweroftheprogram.(OleKassow是“無(wú)年齡騎行”的創(chuàng)始人,他說(shuō)這就是這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的力量)”及““Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleandstoriestogethertocreatenewrelationships,”hetoldCBSNews.(他在接受哥倫比亞廣播公司采訪時(shí)表示:“騎自行車(chē)真正強(qiáng)大的地方在于,它們把人和故事聯(lián)系在一起,創(chuàng)造了新的關(guān)系。”)”及下文他提到友誼舉例可知,OleKassow提及“友誼”是為了展示這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的價(jià)值。故選C項(xiàng)。43.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Theysay,‘WhatdoesitcostifI’mgoingtogoforaride?’Isay,‘Here’swhatitcosts:Youhavetowave.Ifyoudon’twave,I’mgoingtokickyouout,’”hejoked.(“他們說(shuō),‘如果我要去兜風(fēng),要花多少錢(qián)?’我說(shuō),‘這就是它的花銷(xiāo):你必須揮手。如果你不揮手,我就把你踢出去,’”他開(kāi)玩笑說(shuō))”及““DrivingthetrishawisthebestadvertisementforCyclingWithoutAge”,Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea101-year-oldwomanforabikerideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouandgivesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn’tgetanybetterthanthat.”(“駕駛?cè)嗆?chē)是‘無(wú)年齡騎行’的最佳廣告,”博特納說(shuō),“當(dāng)你帶著一位101歲的老婦人去騎自行車(chē),她緊緊握住你的手,對(duì)你說(shuō)謝謝,并親吻你的臉頰,這真是再好不過(guò)了?!?”可推知,從Boettner的話(huà)中,我們可以知道,騎自行車(chē)的人會(huì)因?yàn)樘峁T車(chē)服務(wù)而感到滿(mǎn)足。故選D項(xiàng)。44.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“FromSantaBarbaratoScotland,strangersarebecomingfriendsbygoingonbikeridestogether.TheygetpairedupbyCyclingWithoutAge,anorganizationthathelpsseniorsgoforbikerides,eveniftheycan’tpedalthemselves.(從圣巴巴拉到蘇格蘭,陌生人通過(guò)一起騎自行車(chē)成為朋友。他們被“無(wú)年齡騎行”組織配對(duì),這是一個(gè)幫助老年人騎自行車(chē)的組織,即使他們不能自己騎自行車(chē))”及全文內(nèi)容可知,本文介紹了“無(wú)年齡騎行”組織,這是一個(gè)通過(guò)騎自行車(chē)來(lái)幫助人與人之間建立友誼的組織。B選項(xiàng)“Friendshiponthewheels(車(chē)輪上的友誼)”符合主旨,適合作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。五、七選五(2021春·陜西渭南·高一統(tǒng)考期末)Modernscienceprovesthatahealthylifestylemattersmuchtohowlongyoucanliveandhowwellyoulive.45.Keepascientificdiet.Keepinmindthatsugarcanberemovedfromourdietcompletely.46.Weonlyneedfewgramsofproteintokeepourbodyinorder.Bealwaysingoodmood.Thereisarelationshipbetweenthemoodandhealth.Agoodmoodkeepsyouinhighspirits.47,wecanenjoyandlearnmuchwithoutgoingout.Takealookatsomeonlineshopsandpickupsomebargains,enjoymusicandmoviesandchatwithgoodfriends.Justkeephappy.48.Twostudiesshowthereasonswhyteensandadultsdon’thaveenoughsleep.Withteens,amajorreasonismobilephoneuse;withadults,it’swork.Meanwhile,athirdstudyofyoungchildrenshowsthatlackofsleepinearlylifemayleadtoseriousproblemsinfuture.Everyoneneedsatleast8-hoursleeptorecoverfromtirednessandthehurtcausedbyhardworkinthedaytime.Properexercise.Doexercisetokeepawayfromfatness.49,youdon’thavetimetodoexerciseeveryday,butatleastthreetimesaweekand45minuteseachtime.A.EnoughsleepB.UsetheInternetproperlyC.OverintakeofsugarisoneofthemainreasonsforgettingfatD.BecauseofthequickpaceofthemodernlifeE.ThisisthemainreasonforlackofexerciseF.HerearesometipsforyoutoformahealthylifestyleG.ThankstotheInternet【答案】45.F46.C47.G48.A49.D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了健康的生活方式對(duì)我們的壽命和生活質(zhì)量非常重要,提供了四條具體的過(guò)健康生活的建議。45.根據(jù)前文“Modernscienceprovesthatahealthylifestylemattersmuchtohowlongyoucanliveandhowwellyoulive.(現(xiàn)代科學(xué)證明,健康的生活方式對(duì)你的壽命和生活質(zhì)量非常重要。)”可知,前文引出健康的生活方式這一話(huà)題,后文介紹四點(diǎn)具體的建議,空處需承上啟下,應(yīng)該會(huì)引出后文的建議。F項(xiàng)“Herearesometipsforyoutoformahealthylifestyle(這里有一些建議,可以幫助你養(yǎng)成健康的生活方式)”符合語(yǔ)境,其中的“ahealthylifestyle”和前文的“ahealthylifestyle”一致,“sometips”概括后文的建議。故選F。46.根據(jù)前文“Keepascientificdiet.Keepinmindthatsugarcanberemovedfromourdietcompletely.(保持科學(xué)的飲食。請(qǐng)記住,糖可以從我們的飲食中完全去除。)”可知,本段介紹科學(xué)飲食,前文認(rèn)為可以戒糖,空處應(yīng)該會(huì)承接前文解釋需要戒糖的原因。C項(xiàng)“Overintakeofsugarisoneofthemainreasonsforgettingfat(攝入過(guò)多的糖是發(fā)胖的主要原因之一)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。47.根據(jù)后文“wecanenjoyandlearnmuchwithoutgoingout.Takealookatsomeonlineshopsandpickupsomebargains,enjoymusicandmoviesandchatwithgoodfriends.(不必外出我們就可以享受和學(xué)習(xí)很多東西??纯匆恍┚W(wǎng)店,買(mǎi)一些實(shí)惠的物品,享受音樂(lè)和電影,和好朋友聊天。)”可知,此處介紹保持好心情的具體方法,且和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)相關(guān)。G項(xiàng)“ThankstotheInternet(多虧了互聯(lián)網(wǎng))”符合語(yǔ)境,可以引起后文,后文的“withoutgoingout”和“online”都和其中的“theInternet”相關(guān)。故選G。48.空處位于段首,是段落核心句,和其他段首句一樣是一條有關(guān)健康生活方式的建議。根據(jù)后文“Twostudiesshowthereasonswhyteensandadultsdon’thaveenoughsleep.(兩項(xiàng)研究揭示了青少年和成年人睡眠不足的原因。)”可知,本段的建議與睡眠有關(guān)。A項(xiàng)“Enoughsleep(足夠的睡眠)”符合語(yǔ)境,可統(tǒng)領(lǐng)后文內(nèi)容。故選A。49.根據(jù)后文“youdon’thavetimetodoexerciseeveryday,butatleastthreetimesaweekand45minuteseachtime.(你不是每天都有時(shí)間鍛煉,但至少一周鍛煉三次,每次45分鐘。)”可知,本段介紹適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻挘笪尼槍?duì)缺少時(shí)間情況下的最低運(yùn)動(dòng)量提出建議。D項(xiàng)“Becauseofthequickpaceofthemodernlife(因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)代生活的快節(jié)奏)”符合語(yǔ)境,可以過(guò)渡到后文內(nèi)容,其中的“thequickpace”和后文的“don’thavetime”呼應(yīng)。故選D。六、完形填空(2023·高一課時(shí)練習(xí))Afriendofminemetwithanaccidentwhendrivingindarkness.Hislegswereso50thathecouldn’tmove.Whatwastheworstwasthathefoundhimselfunabletoaskforhelp—hismobilephonedidn’tworkasaresultofanexhausted(用光的)battery.Nothingcouldbedonebut51inthecoldwilderness.Itwaseighthourslaterthatdaybroke,andthentherescueteam52.Itwasalmost53thathecouldstandthehorrorinthedarknessforsolong.Evenmoresurprisingwashisexplanation,“FirstofallIcheckedmy54conditionsandfoundmyselfnotindeadlydanger.Astherewasno55tocallforhelp,Ileanedbackinmyseat,tryingmybesttokeepthewoundfrombleeding.Ifellasleepinthisway.”Hisstoryputanendtomyregretforthefailureofanexplorationadventurethathappenedlastyear.Agroupofyoungmen56toexploreamountaincaveandgotlost.57tofindawayoutinthedarkcave,theywerefrightenedandrananxiouslywithouta58ofdirection.Finally,theyfelldeadinfearandexhaustion.Accordingtothe59peoplethatfoundthem,theplacewheretheygotlostwasonlyabout10metersawayfromthe60ofthecave.Iftheystayedonthespotwhentheylosttheirwayandtriedto61themselves,theywouldprobablysenseafaintlightflashingnotfaraway.Don’tyouthinkthatyoucancompareitwith62itself?Whenyoumeetwithdifficultiesinlife,youarelostindarkness.Keepinmindthatthesituationisunclearyetandyouneedn’tact63.Itseemstobeanegativeattitude,64apersonwhocandosomusthaveforesight(先見(jiàn)之明)aswellasgreatcourageinthefirstplace.50.A.tired B.hurt C.long D.fat51.A.cry B.lie C.wait D.sleep52.A.searched B.tracked C.a(chǎn)dvanced D.a(chǎn)rrived53.A.untrue B.unimaginable C.possible D.useless54.A.physical B.mental C.working D.medical55.A.a(chǎn)ttempt B.way C.service D.strength56.A.wanted B.decided C.tried D.planned57.A.Willing B.Unable C.Determined D.Anxious58.A.desire B.request C.feeling D.sense59.A.rescue B.village C.business D.media60.A.floor B.roof C.opening D.wall61.A.save B.help C.stop D.calm62.A.time B.work C.life D.mankind63.A.obviously B.immediately C.extremely D.suddenly64.A.a(chǎn)nd B.so C.but D.or【答案】50.B51.C52.D53.B54.A55.B56.C57.B58.D59.A60.C61.D62.C63.B64.C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要講述作者通過(guò)朋友在深夜受傷后冷靜的處理方式得到感悟:人們?cè)谟龅轿C(jī)或困境時(shí)應(yīng)保持冷靜,不要輕舉妄動(dòng)。50.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他的腿傷得不能動(dòng)了。A.tired累的;B.hurt受傷的;C.long長(zhǎng)的;D.fat肥胖的。根據(jù)空前的“Afriendofminemetwithanaccidentwhendrivingindarkness.”可推知,此處表示他的腿受了重傷,動(dòng)彈不得。故選B。51.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:除了在寒冷的荒野中等待,別無(wú)他法。A.cry哭;B.lie撒謊;C.wait等;D.sleep睡覺(jué)。根據(jù)常識(shí)和上文中的“hecouldn’tmove.”以及“hismobilephonedidn’tworkasaresultofanexhausted(用光的)battery.”可知,作者的朋友腿不能動(dòng),手機(jī)又沒(méi)有電了,所以他什么也做不了,只能在寒冷的荒野里等待。故選C。52.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:8個(gè)小時(shí)后,天亮了,救援隊(duì)到了。A.searched尋找;B.tracked追蹤;C.advanced前進(jìn);D.arrived到達(dá)。從下文的描述中可以看出作者的朋友得救了,所以此處應(yīng)是救援人員到了。故選D。53.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:幾乎無(wú)法想象他能在黑暗中忍受這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的恐怖。A.untrue不真實(shí)的;B.unimaginable難以想象的;C.possible可能的;D.useless沒(méi)有用的。根據(jù)下文中的“Evenmoresurprisingwashisexplanation,”可知,此處應(yīng)與“surprising”意義相近,能在黑暗中忍受這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的恐怖是幾乎無(wú)法想象的。故選B。54.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:更令人驚訝的是,他的解釋是:“首先,我檢查了自己的身體狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒(méi)有致命的危險(xiǎn)。由于沒(méi)有辦法呼救,我向后靠在座位上,盡力不讓傷口流血。我就這樣睡著了。”A.physical身體的;B.mental精神的;C.working工作的;D.medical醫(yī)療的。根據(jù)下文中的“foundmyselfnotindeadlydanger.”可知,此處指作者的朋友檢查自己的身體狀況后發(fā)現(xiàn)沒(méi)有致命的危險(xiǎn)。故選A。55.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:更令人驚訝的是,他的解釋是:“首先,我檢查了自己的身體狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒(méi)有致命的危險(xiǎn)。由于沒(méi)有辦法呼救,我向后靠在座位上,盡力不讓傷口流血。我就這樣睡著了?!盇.attempt嘗試;B.way方法;C.service服務(wù);D.strength力量。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示沒(méi)有求救的方法。故選B。56.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:一群年輕人試圖探索一個(gè)山洞,結(jié)果迷路了。A.wanted想要;B.decided決定;C.tried嘗試;D.planned計(jì)劃。根據(jù)下文中的“andgotlost”可知,此處表示一群年輕人試圖去探索山洞。trytodosth.表示“試圖做某事”。故選C。57.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:他們?cè)诤诎档亩囱ɡ镎也坏匠雎?,很害怕,沒(méi)有方向感,焦慮地跑著。A.Willing樂(lè)意的;B.Unable未能;C.Determined下定決心的;D.Anxious焦急的。根據(jù)空后的“theywerefrightenedandrananxiouslywithouta__9__ofdirection.”可知,他們未能找到出口。故選B。58.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他們?cè)诤诎档亩囱ɡ镎也坏匠雎罚芎ε?,沒(méi)有方向感,焦慮地跑著。A.desire愿望;B.request要求;C.feeling感覺(jué);D.sense意識(shí),判斷力。根據(jù)空前的“theywerefrightenedandrananxiously”可知,他們很害怕,因此應(yīng)是毫無(wú)方向感地亂跑。asenseofdirection意為“方向感”。故選D。59.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的救援人員介紹,他們迷路的地方距離洞口只有10米左右。A.rescue救援;B.village村莊;C.business生意;D.media媒體。根據(jù)空后的“peoplethatfoundthem,”可知,此處指救援人員。故選A。60.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的救援人員介紹,他們迷路的地方距離洞口只有10米左右。A.floor地板;B.roof屋頂;C.opening洞口;D.wall墻。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境尤其是下文中的“theywouldprobablysenseafaintlightflashingnotfaraway”可知,此處表示他們迷路的地方離洞口只有大約10米遠(yuǎn)。故選C。61.考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:如果他們?cè)诿月窌r(shí)呆在原地,試圖讓自己冷靜下來(lái),他們可能會(huì)感覺(jué)到不遠(yuǎn)處有微弱的燈光在閃爍。A.save拯救;B.help幫助;C.stop停止;D.calm冷靜。根據(jù)上文中的“__8__tofindawayoutinthedarkcave...theyfelldeadinfearandexhaustion”可知,因?yàn)檫@些年輕人不夠冷靜,他們最終失去了生命,所以作者認(rèn)為假如他們讓自己冷靜下來(lái),他們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)不遠(yuǎn)處微弱的光。故選D。62.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:難道你不認(rèn)為你可以把它與生活本身相比較嗎?A.time時(shí)間;B.work工作;C.life人生;D.mankind人類(lèi)。根據(jù)下文中的“Whenyoumeetwithdifficultiesinlife,youarelostindarkness.”可知,此處表示將它與人生做比較。故選C。63.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意:記住,情況還不清楚,你不必立即采取行動(dòng)。A.obviously顯然地;B.immediately立即;C.extremely及其;D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處表示當(dāng)情況還不清楚時(shí),不要立刻行動(dòng)。故選B。64.考查連詞詞義辨析。句意:這似乎是一種消極的態(tài)度,但能這樣做的人首先必須有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)和巨大的勇氣。A.and并且;B.so所以;C.but但是;D.or或者。根據(jù)空處前后內(nèi)容可知上下句構(gòu)成語(yǔ)義上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因此應(yīng)用but。故選C。七、(2023春·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·高一統(tǒng)考期末)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)內(nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Scientistshavefoundthatevenaddingjustanadditional500stepseachdaybringssignificanthealthbenefitsinlaterlif
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