2021年山東省泰安-中高考英語模擬試卷一（附答案詳解）

2021年山東省泰安一中高考英語模擬試卷（1）

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

（2021?山東省泰安市?模擬題）

A

DanceClassesBallet

Balletteachesgrace,posture（姿勢）andflexibility.Studentsfocusontheuseofproperballet

items（物品）,expandingtheirknowledgeofclassicalballettechniquesandimprovingmotor

skillsforclassicalballetpractice.Theclassisaformalballetclass.

Age8-10

September7,2019-May16,2020

10：30am-12：00amonSaturday

CreativeMovers

Studentscanexplorecreativemovement,balance,focus,thedevelopmentofskills,motor

planningandbalance.Theclasshelpsbuildstrength,flexibilityandself-confidence,andallows

childrentorealizeexpressioninapositiveandencouragingenvironment.Childrenusetheir

imaginationtocelebratemovementandhavelotsoffun.

Age3-5

September7,2019-January18,2020

9：（）0am-9：45amonSaturday

Jazz

Jazzincludesmovementsfrombothclassicalballetanddancetechniques.Thisclasswillfocus

ontraditionaljazzdance.Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsandmovements.In

ordertoensureproperplacementforyourchild,weinviteallstudentstoparticipateinasample

class.Studentsandparentsworkwithprogramstafftomeetstudents*personaldancegoals.

Age5-6

September72019-May16,2020

2：00pm-3：00pmonSaturday

HipHop

Studentswillbeintroducedtoseveraldifferentaspectsofhiphopdanceincluding

popping,locking,breakingandtuttinginahigh-energyenvironment.Ourhiphopinstructorsare

highlyknowledgeableandwillprovidestudentswithawonderfulviewofhiphopdance.

Age7-10

September7,2019-May16,2020

1：00pm-2：00pmonSunday

1.Whichclassissuitablefor4-year-oldchildren?

A.Ballet.B.Jazz.

C.HipHop.D.CreativeMovers

2.Whatcanstudentsdointhejazzclass?

A.Gettoknowjazz-stylemovements.

B.Learnthelonghistoryofjazz.

C.Dancewithfamousmodernjazzdancers.

D.Makeuseofalltheballetitems.

3.Whatisspecialaboutthehiphopclass?

A.Itisopenintheafternoon.

B.Itteachestraditionaldances.

C.ItisavailableonSunday.

D.Ithasthemostskilledteachers.

（2021.山東省泰安市.模擬題）

B

Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhadamajorchestoperationandherequired13units（3.4

gallons）ofbloodafterwards.Theblooddonationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatoncehe

turned18,hewouldbegindonatingbloodasregularlyashecould.

Morethan60yearsandalmost1,200donationslater,Hamson,whosebloodcontainsan

antibody（抗體）thathassavedthelivesof2.4millionbabiesfrommiscarriages（流產(chǎn)）,

retiredasablooddonoronMay11.Harrison'sbloodisvaluablebecausehenaturallyproduces

Rh-negativeblood,whichcontainsRh-positiveantibodies.Hisbloodhasbeenusedtocreate

anti-DinAustraliasince1967.

"EverybottleofAnti-DevermadeinAustraliahasJamesinit,"RobynBarlow,theRhprogram

directortoldtheSydneyMorningHerald."It'sanamazingthing.Hehassavedmillionsof

babies.Icryjustthinkingaboutit.*'Sincethen,Harrisonhasdonatedbetween500and800

millilitersofbloodalmosteveryweek.He'smade1,162donationsfromhisrightarmand10

fromhisleft.

第2頁，共23頁

"I'dkeepgoingiftheyletme,”HarrisontoldtheHerald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthe

donations-andtheycertainlydon'ttakethemlightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimit

forblooddonationsforhim,andthey'recuttinghimoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehis

finaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthemothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.

Harrison'sretirementisablowtotheRhtreatmentprograminAustralia.Only160donors

supporttheprogram,andfindingnewdonorshasproventobedifficult.ButHarrison's

retirementfromgivingblooddoesn'tmeanhe'scompletelyoutofthegame.Scienlistsare

collectingandcataloginghisDNAtocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthat

couldbethefutureoftheanti-DprograminAustralia.

4.WhatdoweknowaboutJamesHarrison?

A.Hesaved2.4millionpoorpeople.

B.Heisaverygratefulblooddonor.

C.Heistoretireasablooddonor.

D.Hedonatesbloodnearlyeveryday.

5.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingParagraph4?

A.TostateHarrison'sdecisiontocontinuedonatingblood.

B.TopraiseHarrisonforhiscooperationwiththedoctors.

C.TointroducesomebabiessavedbyHarrison'sblood.

D.TodescribehowHarrison'sdonationscometoanend.

6.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutHarrison?

A.Afterhisretirement,theRhprogramwillfail.

B.HecontinuestocontributetotheRhprogram.

C.Newdonorsareeasytofindinashorttime.

D.HisDNAiskeptinalibraryforfuturestudy.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheManwiththeGoldenArm

B.TheBloodSavingMillionsofBabies

C.ASpecialBloodTypeDonortoRetire

D.AUniqueManwithaRareBloodType

（2021.山東省泰安市.模擬題）

C

Yourteenagebestfriendcouldbegoodforyourlong-termmentalhealth,accordingtoanew

studypublishedinthejournalChildDevelopment.Accordingtothefindings,teenagersaged15

to16whohadaclosefriendshipratherthanalargergroupoffriendstheywerelessclosetohad

agreatersenseofself-worthbythetimetheywere25yearsold.Thosepeoplewithaveryclose

bestfriendwerealsolesslikelytoexperiencedepressionandsocialanxiety,thestudyfound.

"Closefriendshipstrengthinmid-adolescencepredictedrelativeincreasesinself-worthand

decreasesinanxietyanddepressivesymptomsbyearlyadulthood,"theauthorsjedbyRachel

K,Narr,apostdoctoralstudentfocusedonclinicalpsychologyattheUniversityofVirginia

wrote.

Apastresearchhassuggestedthatadolescentfriendshipsareimportant.Friendshipsduringthe

teenageyearspredictacademicsuccessandimprovedmentalhealth.Butthenewresearch

furtherexploresthetypeoffriendshipsteenagershave."Myhunch（預(yù)感）wasthatclose

friendshipscomparedtobroaderfriendshipgroupsandpopularitymaynotfunctionthesame

way,"NarrtoldQuartz."Beingsuccessfulinoneisnotthesameasbeingsuccessfulinthe

other.*'

Manystudyparticipantsdidnotcontinuetohaveacloserelationshipwiththeirhigh-school

bestfriend,leadingtheresearcherstowonderwhatexactlywasresponsibleforthemental

healthbenefits.Theysuspectedthattheskillsandabilitytobuildsuchafriendshipmaybemore

importantthanthefriendshipitself.

Andastheresearcherspointout,thoseskillsarenotnecessarilybroughttobearintheworldof

socialmedia."Astechnologymakesitincreasinglyeasytobuildasocialnetworkofshallow

friends,focusingtimeandattentionondevelopingcloseconnectionswithafewindividuals

shouldbeapriority,Hstudyco-authorJosephAllensaidinastatement.

8.Whatisthebenefitofhavingacloseteenagefriendship?

A.Excellentperformanceinhighschool.

B.Mentalhealthbyearlyadulthood

C.Alargergroupoffriends.

D.Alargesocialnetworkinthefuture.

9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepastresearch?

A.Ithelpedimproveteenagers*mentalhealth.

B.Itwastotallydifferentfromthenewresearch.

第4頁，共23頁

C.Itattachedgreatsignificancetoadolescentfriendships.

D.Itcomparedbroaderfriendshipgroupswithpopularity.

10.Whatdidtheresearchersthinkmightleadtothementalhealthbenefits?

A.Notcontinuingtohaveacloserelationship.

B.Havingabestfriendinhighschool.

C.Knowinghowtobuildaclosefriendship.

D.Understandingtheworldofsocialmedia.

11.WhatdidtheresearcherJosephsuggest?

A.Concentratingonhigh-qualityrelationship.

B.Broadeningyoursocialcircle.

C.Improvingtheskillsofmakingfriends.

D.Learningtousesocialmedia.

（2021.山東省泰安市.模擬題）

D

InJuly2017,theAmericanspaceagency（NASA）admittedtonothavingenoughfinancial

meanstosendmanonMarsforthepurposeofexploringit.Thenewshadtheeffectofabomb

afterfiveyearsofcommunicationanddevelopmentforthisspaceexplorationproject.Andyet,a

fewmonthsbeforethisannouncement,thetwohousesoftheUSCongressvotedalawtoguide

futureNASAtasks.AmongthesetaskswasaninhabitedtriptoMarsin2033.

Inthemeantime,NASAisfocusingontheMars2020missionbybuildingitsrover（漫游者）,

whichwillbeequippedwithaseriesofnewscientificinstruments.Thisnewmachinewillalso

lookalotlikeCuriositywhichlandedontheredplanetin2O12.ThemissionMars2020aimsto

assessthelivabilityoftheplanetandpossiblyidentifypotentialtracksoflifeyesterdayand

today.

Atarecentpressconference,formerUSastronautTomJonesannouncedthatNASA'scurrent

budgetcouldnotsolvesometechnicalproblemsfor25years.Thus,itpostponesthefirst

inhabitedmissionoftheagencytoMarsin2043.Thesubjectconcernedmainlymentioned

manydamagesthatwillaffectthebodyofastronauts.

Indeed,thetriptoMarscouldbecompletedinninemonthsbyconsideringthecurrent

technologiesandthemomentwhentheplanetsareclosertoeachother.However,periodsof

weightlessnessthataretoolongmay,inparticular,causealackofcalcium.Infact,itinfluences

thebonesofastronauts.Inaddition,thiscanleadtosignificantdamageofvision.

Aquarterofacenturyisneededtodevelopnewtechnologiestosolvetheseproblems.For

example,thereisthequestionofdevelopingnuclearpropulsion(推進(jìn))systems.Indeed,itcould

reducetraveltimes.Finally,thereisalsotheideaofdesigningsomethingtoallowastronautsto

hibernateduringthetrip!

12.WhatmadeNASAputoffitsinhabitedmission?

A.Objectionofscientists.B.Thelivingconditions.

C.Thedamagetohealth.D.Ashortageoffunds.

13.WhichisrightabouttheMars2020Mission?

A.Ithasbeenputoff.

B.Itistoevaluatethepossibilityforourliving.

C.ItsaimistosendmantoMars.

D.ItspurposeisformantowalkonMars.

14.What'sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Theproblemsexistingnowadays.

B.Theaccuracyoftraveltimes.

C.Thetimetodeveloptechnologies.

D.Theupdateofnewdevices.

15.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?

A.Entertainment.B.Health.

C.Science.D.Education.

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12.5分)

(2021?山東省泰安市?模擬題)IsMultitaskingAlwaysGood?Notonlydosmart-phones

provideunlimitedaccesstoinformation,theyprovideperfectopportunitiestomultitask(doing

twounrelatedthingsatthesametime).Anyactivitycanbeaccompaniedbymusic,selfiesor

socialmediaupdates.Ofcourse,somepeoplepickimpropertimetotextandlawmakershave

steepedin.(1)InHawaii,ifsillegaltotextorevenlookatyourphonewhilecrossing

thestreet,andintheNetherlandsthey'vebannedtextingwhilebiking.

(2).Soyouneedlearntoself-control.Understandinghowthebrainmultitasksand

whywefindmultitaskingsoappealingwillhelpyourealizethedangerofpullingoutyour

phone.

Twentystateshavebansondrivingusingahand-heldphonewhilestillallowinghands-free

calls.Yethands-freeorhand-heldmakesnodifference.(3)Therealproblemisthe

第6頁，共23頁

switch(切換)ofattentionbetweentheconversationandroad,andthataffectsperformance.

Peoplesensethisandwhenonthephonetheydriveslowerandincreasetheirfollowing

distance,buttheyarefartooconfidentandthinkthesemeasuresreducerisks.(4)

.Everyoneknowstextingbehindthewheelisdangerous,butlisteningtomusicor

chattingwithapassengerseemssoundemandingastobe.Yetbothmeasurablyaffectdriving.

Peoplemultitaskmerelybecausetheyseenoharminit；theyseebenefits.(5)Most

peoplewillstillchoosetomultitask.Buttheyshouldbefullyawareofhowthatchoiceaffects

themandthepotentialconsequencesforthemselvesandothers.Theyneedtopayattentionto

howmuch-orhowlittle-theyarepayingattention.

A.Theymultitaskforefficiency,tofightboredomortokeepupwithsocialmedia.

B.Butlegislation(法律)won'tbanallsituationsinwhichmultitaskingisunwise.

C.Insteadofmultitasking,theytakemorerestbreaksandgetasocialmediafixduringabreak.

D.Theydamagedrivingprocessasequallyasexternal(外部的)dangersgo.

E.However,textingwhilebikingseemssoundemandingastobeharmless.

F.Forty-eightstateshavebannedtextingwhiledriving.

G.Thisconfidenceisespeciallyunderstandableforverysimpletasks.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）

(2021?山東省泰安市?模擬題)Fromchildhood,Moiralovedtowrite.Throughoutschoolshe

enjoyedwriting,butpursuingit(1)wasneverapossibility.Herfatherwasadoctor,her

motheranurse."Medicinewasafairly(2)choice,"Moirasays,“andwritingwasa

careerwhereitwasn'ta(3)thatyou'dhavehighincome."

Shebecameadoctorbutstillwantedtowritesomething.However,beingadoctorwasso(4)

thatshedidn'ttakeupwritinguntilherthirties.She(5)anovel-a

fictionalizedversionofhertravelinChinaafteruniversity.Shegotexcellent(6)

.Moirasentitofftoasmanyagentsasshecouldfind,andfoundonewhowantedto(7)

her.Suddenly,itseemedshewasonherwayasanauthor.

"Ihadalongphonecallwiththeagentwherewewentthroughallpossibleareasthatshe

thoughtneeded(8).1workedonthoseandsentitbacktoherbutdidn'thearanything."

Itwasn'tlong(9)Moirafoundanotheragentwhowas(10)ifshewaswilling

torewriteitfromthefirstpersontothethirdperson.Shedidthehardworkandsentitoffagain.

"Igotbackareallybriefletter：'Thankyou,I'mnolongerinterested.*Itwasreally(11)

Adecadewentby,andMoirafoundherselfeagertowriteagain,thistime(12)forher

ownenjoyment.ShesetherselfthechallengeofcreatingathrillerandchoseWesternAustralia

ashersetting.

Asshewaswritingjustforherself,somethingsurprisingbegantohappen.MThecharacters(13)

alifeoftheirown；theystarteddoingthingsIhadn'tthoughtabout.ltjust(14)

Oneday,anagentcalledfromAustralia.Threeweekslater,Moirahadapublication

deal.Hernovel,Cicada,waspublishedinMarch.

"(15)ithadn'tbeenpublishedIstillgainedsomuchfromtheprocess,"saysMoira.

21.A.positivelyB.permanently

C.professionallyD.energetically

22.A.safeB.awfulC.tentativeD.influential

23.A.puiposeB.aspectC.choiceD.certainty

24.A.challengingB.decliningC.promisingD.demanding

25.A.boughtB.producedC.introducedD.received

26.A.revisionB.reviewsC.rewardsD.reservation

27.A.employB.guideC.trustD.represent

28.A.polishingB.coveringC.deletingD.adapting

29.A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when

30.A.restrictedB.fascinatedC.interestedD.tolerated

31.A.disappointingB.commonC.absurdD.terrifying

32.A.instantlyB.sadlyC.purelyD.wonderfully

第8頁，共23頁

33.A.gotdownB.putupC.wentoverD.tookon

34.A.survivedB.flewC.floatedD.flashed

35.A.AsifB.EversinceC.EvenifD.Ifonly

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.(2021?山東省泰安市?模擬題)PresidentXiJinpingstressedthesignificanceofthe

high-speedrailwaylineconnectingBeijingandZhangjiakou,(1)co-hostcityof

the2022WinterOlympics.ThelinewentintooperationonMonday.

XisaidthattheBeijing-Zhangjiakouline(2)(witness)thedevelopmentof

China'srailwaysovermorethanacentury.TheoriginalBeijing-Zhangjiakou

railway,China'sfirst(3)(independent)designedline,wasfirstputinto

operationin1909fortrainsgoing35kilometersperhour.Thecurrentrailwayline,(4)

cameintoserviceonMonday,isaworld-leadinghigh-speedrailwaywithtrains

movingat350km/h.XisaidtheopeningofthelineonMondaymarkednewprogress(5)

thepreparationsfortheWinterOlympics,andotherrelatedworkissupposedto

(6)(push)aheadfollowinghighstandards.Healsoexpressedhiswarm(7)

(congratulate)andNewYear'sgreetingstoeveryone(8)involve)

intheproject'splanningandconstruction.

The174-kmBeijing-Zhangjiakoulinereducestraveltimebetweenthetwocitiesfrom

overthreehoursto47minutes,(9)(make)Hebeioneofthefewprovinceswith

ahigh-speedrailsystemconnectingallofitscities.Lookingbackathistory,thenewline

carrieseven(10)(great)significance,Xisaid.

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

37.(2020?安徽省?單元測試)假定你是李華，作為校英文報的記者，你打算與外教Terry

預(yù)約一次采訪.請你給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.采訪時間：周五下午三點整；

2.采訪地點：外教辦公室；

3.采訪內(nèi)容：如何提高英語閱讀能力.

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫.

DearTerry,

——Yours,

LiHua

38.（2021?山東省泰安市?模擬題）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個

完整的故事。

RobertandHenryweretwofriendsinthesameclass.Theyalwaysplayedtogetherand

wenthometogether.OnedayRobertandHenryweregoinghomefromschool,when,on

turningacorner,Robertcriedout,nAfight!Letsgoandsee!"

"No,"saidHenry."Letusgoquietlyhomeandnotmeddlewith（插手）thisquarrel.We

havenothingtodowithitandmaygetintomischief（trouble）.Alsoourparentsare

expectingtohavedinnerwithuslogetherathomeandIdon'twantthemtoworryabout

me.”

“Youareacoward,andafraidtogo,"saidRobert,andoffheran.Henrywentstraight

home,andintheafternoonwenttoschoolasusual.

ButRoberthadtoldalltheboysthatHenrywasacoward,andtheylaughedathimagreat

deal.Fromthenon,theylookeddownuponHenryanddidn'twanttoplaywithhim

together.

Henrywassadbuthewasn'tangrywithRobertforhisrudebehavior,becausehelearned

thattruecourageisshownmostinbearingmisunderstandingwhenitwasnot

deserved,andthatheoughttobeafraidofnothingbutdoingwrong.Thus,hejustignored

theotherboys*laughterandcontinuedtogotoschoolandstudyaswell.However,Robert

didn'tinviteHenrytogohomewithhimanymore.Instead,hehadsomeotherboyswho

alsothoughtHenrywasacoward.Everydayafterschool,theydidn'tgohomedirectlybut

wenttotheriverorsomewheretoplaygamesandhadalotoffun.

Afewdayslater,Robertwasbathingwithhisnewfriendsinariver,andgotoutofhis

depth.Hestruggled,andscreamedforhelp,butallinvain.TheboyswhohadcalledHenrya

cowardgotoutofthewaterasfastastheycould,buttheydidnoteventrytohelphim.

注意：

1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段，每段的開頭語已為你寫好。

Paragraph1：

Robertwasfastsinking.

第10頁，共23頁

Paragraph2：

Thus,Robert'slifewassaved.

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】C

【知識點】應(yīng)用文、時文廣告

【解析】(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CreativeMovers介紹部分Age3-5.(適合年齡3-5

歲。)可知，CreativeMovers這門課適合四歲的孩子，故選D.

(2)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Jazz介紹部Studentswillbeintroducedtojazz-stylerhythmsand

movements.(將向?qū)W生介紹爵士樂風(fēng)格的節(jié)奏和動作。)可知，學(xué)生們在Jazz課中可以

了解爵士風(fēng)格的舞蹈動作，故選A.

(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容Ballet(10：30am-12：00amonSaturday)(芭

蕾舞是星期天上午10點半到12點)；CreativeMovers(9：00am-9：45amonSaturday)

(CreativeMovers是星期六上午9點至9點45)；Jazz(2：00pm-3：00pmonSaturday)

(爵士是星期六下午2點到3點)；HipPop(1：00pm-2：(X)pmonSunday)(嘻哈

舞是星期天下午1點到2點)。可知，其他三門舞蹈課都是在星期六上課，而HipHop

課是在星期天上課，這就是它獨特的地方，故選C.

本文是一篇廣告布告類閱讀，主要是介紹了幾門舞蹈課。這些課程適合不同年齡段的孩

子，孩子們可以根據(jù)自己的喜好選擇自己喜歡的課程。

1.直接信息題：

直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息，選項在語言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。

2.間接信息題：

間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息，但在語言表達(dá)上與原文有差異，做題時需要對原

文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。

3.綜合信息題：

綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話，可能是原文的幾句話，或

者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來分析，而不能斷章

取義。

4.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】D【小題3】B【小題4】A

第12頁，共23頁

【知識點】記敘文、日常生活

【解析】(1)B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第一段中的Attheageof14,JamesHarrisonhad

amajorchestoperationandherequired13units(3.4gallons)ofbloodafterwards.Theblood

donationssavedhislife,andhedecidedthatonceheturned18,hewouldbegindonatingblood

asregularlyashecould.14歲時，詹姆斯?哈里森做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)，之后他需要

輸入3.4加侖的血液.血液捐獻(xiàn)挽救了他的生命，他決定一旦年滿18歲，就開始盡可能

定期地獻(xiàn)血.由此可知，他是一個心存感激的獻(xiàn)血者，結(jié)合選項，故選B.

(2)D.段落大意題。根據(jù)文中第四段中的"Fdkeepgoingiftheyletme,"Harrisontoldthe

Herald.Hisdoctorssaiditwastimetostopthedonations-andtheycertainlydon'ttakethem

lightly.Theyhadalreadyextendedtheagelimitforblooddonationsforhim,andthey'recutting

himoffnowtoprotecthishealth.Hemadehisfinaldonationsurroundedbysomeofthe

mothersandbabieswhohisbloodhelpedsave.哈里森對《先驅(qū)報》說："如果他們允許我

獻(xiàn)血的話，我會繼續(xù)這樣做的。但是他的醫(yī)生說是時候停止捐獻(xiàn)了，他們當(dāng)然不會輕視

他們。他們已經(jīng)為他延長了捐獻(xiàn)血液的年齡限制，但是現(xiàn)在為了保護(hù)他的健康，他們要

停止他的獻(xiàn)血行為了。他在一些母親和嬰兒的幫助下進(jìn)行了最后的血液捐贈。由此可知，

第四段主要講述的是哈里森的血液捐贈是如何結(jié)束的，故選D.

(3)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的ButHarrison'sretirementfromgivingblood

doesn'tmeanhe'scompletelyoutofthegame.ScientistsarecollectingandcataloginghisDNA

tocreatealibraryofantibodiesandwhitebloodcellsthatcouldbethefutureoftheanti-D

programinAustralia.但是哈里森從獻(xiàn)血中退休并不意味著他完全退出了活動?？茖W(xué)家們

正在收集他的DNA并對其進(jìn)行編目，以建立一個抗體和白血球庫，這可能是澳大利亞

反D計劃的未來。由此可知，哈里森將繼續(xù)為Rhprogram服務(wù)，結(jié)合選項，故選B.

(4)A.標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要講了詹姆斯?哈里森14歲時，做了一次重大的胸部手術(shù)

之后，決定一旦年滿18歲，就開始盡可能定期地獻(xiàn)血，以幫助有需要的人們.并且他

的一生也確實獻(xiàn)出了自己的很多獻(xiàn)血，同時為Rhprogram做出了貢獻(xiàn)。因此A項TheMan

withtheGoldenArm(那個有著金臂的人)適合作為本文標(biāo)題，故選A.

本文是一篇故事類閱讀，文章主要介紹了別人獻(xiàn)血救了JamesHarrison,他決定，也要經(jīng)

常獻(xiàn)血救別人。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點。

8.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】A

【知識點】新聞報道與社會現(xiàn)象、說明文

【解析】（1）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的Yourteenagebestfriendcouldbegood

foryourlong-termmentalhealth,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalChild

Development.Accordingtothefindings,teenagersaged15to16whohadaclosefriendship

ratherthanalargergroupoffriendstheywerelessclosetohadagreatersenseofself-worthby

thetimetheywere25yearsold.Thosepeoplewithaveryclosebestfriendwerealsolesslikely

toexperiencedepressionandsocialanxiety,thestudyfound.根據(jù)發(fā)表在《兒童發(fā)展》雜志上

的一項最新研究，你十幾歲時最好的朋友可能對你的長期心理健康有好處。根據(jù)研究結(jié)

果，15到16歲的青少年如果有一段親密的友誼，而不是一大群他們不太親近的朋友，

他們在25歲時會有更大的自我價值感。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些有非常親密好友的人也不太可

能經(jīng)歷抑郁和社交焦慮?？芍?，如果青少年有親密的朋友，則對他們早期的心里健康有

很大幫助，結(jié)合選項，故選C.

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的Apastresearchhassuggestedthatadolescent

friendshipsareimportant.Friendshipsduringtheteenageyearspredictacademicsuccessand

improvedmenialhealth.過去的一項研究表明，青少年的友誼很重要，青少年時期的友誼

可以預(yù)測學(xué)業(yè)的成功和心理健康的改善?？芍狪,過去的研究,它非常重視青少年的友誼，

結(jié)合選項，故選C.

（3）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的Theysuspectedthattheskillsandabilitytobuild

suchafriendshipmaybemoreimportantthanthefriendshipitself.他們懷疑建立這種友誼的

技能和能力可能比友誼本身更重要?？芍?，研究人員認(rèn)為懂得如何建立親密的友誼對身

心健康是非常重要的，結(jié)合選項，故選C.

（4）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Astechnologymakesitincreasinglyeasyto

buildasocialnetworkofshallow（淺層次的）friends,focusingtimeandattentionon

developingcloseconnectionswithafewindividualsshouldbeapriority（優(yōu)先考慮）,nstudy

co-authorJosephAllensaidinastatement.研究合著者約瑟夫?艾倫在一份聲明中說：”隨著

科技的發(fā)展，由社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)建立淺層次的朋友關(guān)系變得越來越容易，（在這種情況下）集

第14頁，共23頁

中精力和時間在發(fā)展與少數(shù)人建立親密關(guān)系上應(yīng)是優(yōu)先要考慮的事?！笨芍?，Joseph建

議要集中建立高質(zhì)量的友誼，結(jié)合選項，故選A.

本文章主要講述了青少年建立一段親密的友誼對自己的身心健康有很大的好處。

考查社會文化類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項做出正

確的選擇。

12.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】C

【知識點】新聞報道與社會現(xiàn)象、說明文

【解析】(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段InJuly2017,theAmericanspaceagency

(NASA)admittedtonothavingenoughfinancialmeanstosendmanonMarsforthepurpose

ofexploringit.在2017年7月，美國航天局(NASA)

承認(rèn)沒有足夠的財力將人類送上火星進(jìn)行探測?？芍琴Y金短缺使美國宇航局推遲了它

的載人任務(wù)，故選D.

(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段ThemissionMars2020aimstoassessthelivability

oftheplanetandpossiblyidentifypotentialtracksoflifeyesterdayandtoday.

火星2020年的任務(wù)旨在評估行星的生存能力，并確定火星上過去和現(xiàn)在可能存在的生

命軌跡?？芍鹦?020任務(wù)它是為了評估我們生存的可能性，故選B.

(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一SIndeed,itcouldreducetraveltimes.Finally,thereis

alsotheideaofdesigningsomethingtoallowastronautstohibernateduringthetrip!

事實上，它可以減少旅行時間。最后，還有一個想法，那就是設(shè)計一樣可以讓宇航員在

旅途中冬眠的東西！大意是：到了開發(fā)新技術(shù)的時候了。故選C.

(4)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章主要向我們描述了美國國家航空航天局(NASA)正致力于"

火星2020”任務(wù)和其他航天項目.可知這篇文章可以出現(xiàn)在報紙的科學(xué)版面，結(jié)合選項

A.Entertainment娛樂；B.Health健康：C.Science科學(xué)；D.Education教育，故選C.

本文屬于說明文閱讀，作者通過這篇文章主要向我們描述了美國國家航空航天局

(NASA)正致力于"火星2