最全的高中英語主謂一致講解及練習(xí)-(精華版)

-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-CompanyOne1最全的高中英語主謂一致講解及練習(xí)-(精華版)高中英語之“主謂一致”（**）主謂一致的概念。所謂主謂一致是指“主語和謂語動(dòng)詞”之間,即（主語的人稱和單復(fù)數(shù)形式）決定著（謂語動(dòng)詞對應(yīng)的形式）。主謂一致的種類一、【語法一致】1.<and連接>兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上單數(shù)名詞或者代詞作主語的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞有以下兩種情況：(1)如果指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上不同的人或事物的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Heandshe_____bothstudentsofthisschool.

他和她都是這個(gè)學(xué)校的學(xué)生。（2）如果連接兩個(gè)以上的名詞指的是同一個(gè)人或物,或者指同一概念的時(shí)候,謂語要用單數(shù)。Thesingeranddancer____goingtogiveusaperformance.那個(gè)歌唱家兼舞蹈演員要給我們表演。Theknifeandfork____onthetable.刀叉在桌子上。2.如果主語是<不定式,動(dòng)詞ing形式或主語從句>的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。Whenheiscomingseemsveryimportant.他什么時(shí)候要來看起來很重要。Collectingstampsishishobby.收集郵票是他的愛好。Toloveherisnottobreakherwings.愛她就不該折斷她自由飛翔的翅膀。.3.定語從句的<關(guān)系代詞who,which,that>在從句中作主語時(shí)，要與<先行詞>的人稱和數(shù)保持一致。Thosewhoenjoysingingmayjoinus.Tom,whoisyourfriend,shouldhelpyou.with,alongwith,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,like,without,except,but,including如果句子中有這些連接詞和主語連用,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)<隨主語的變化>而變化。例如：Theteacher,togetherwithhisstudents,isplantingtreesinthestreet.老師和他的學(xué)生們正在街道上植樹。二、[意義一致原則]指主謂一致取決于主語的其實(shí)際意義。（有的主語名詞在形式上是單數(shù),但在意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)；有的主語名詞在形式上是復(fù)數(shù),但在意義上卻是單數(shù)。）不定代詞all,more,some,any,none作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞視情況而定。Alloftheapples____rotten.所有的蘋果都爛了。Alloftheapple____rotten.整個(gè)蘋果都爛了。Noneofthemoney_____left.沒有剩下一點(diǎn)錢。Noneofthestudents_____there.沒有學(xué)生在那里。2.therestof;halfof;partof;majorityof;percentof;onethirdof在句子中加名詞作主語的時(shí)候,<謂語動(dòng)詞與of后面的名詞保持一致>。Halfofthestudents_____finishedtheircomposition.一半的學(xué)生已經(jīng)完成了他們的作文。Halfoftheapple____bad.一半的蘋果壞了。About60percentofthestudentsinourschool____boys.我們學(xué)校,大約百分之六十的學(xué)生是男生.3.集合名詞作主語,動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù),也可以用復(fù)數(shù)。主要由句子的意思決定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；指全體人員時(shí),動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。這一類常見的集合名詞有public,family,class,crowd,population,team,group。Hisfamily____goingout.他們?nèi)乙獬觥isfamily____allmusiclovers.他們?nèi)胰硕际且魳窅酆谜摺?.某些名詞如people,police,cattle等,形式上是單數(shù),但意義上是復(fù)數(shù),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。people指“民族”時(shí)是例外。Thepolicearesearchingforathief.Thecattleareeatinggrassonthehill.5.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，如someone,somebody,something,anybody,anyone,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing。Someoneisaskingforyou.有人找你。Nothingisfoundintheroom.在屋子里什么也沒找到。一些有兩個(gè)部分構(gòu)成的名詞表示衣物或工具作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：glasses,clothes,trousers,shoes,compasses,chopsticks,scissors等。但如果主語用“akindof,apairof,aseriesof等加名詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式。如：Thepairofshoesiswornout.這雙鞋破了。Theshoesarewornout.鞋子破了。7.某些名詞以s結(jié)尾如maths,politics,physics,news,plastics等，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)。Physicsisaveryinterestingsubject.物理是一門很有趣的學(xué)科。如：不定代詞each,every,no所修飾的名詞<即使以and或逗號(hào)連接成多主語時(shí)>，謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。every...andevery...;each...andeach...;no...andno...在以上短語中and連接的單數(shù)名詞,整個(gè)短語在句中作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常使用單數(shù)。Eachboyandeachgirlwantstogotothecinema.Eachmanandeachwomanisaskedtoattend.Everyboyandeverygirlintheclassisdiligent.班級(jí)中的每個(gè)男孩女孩都很用功。Nosoundandnovoiceisheard.聽不到任何聲音。9.以anumberof作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù);以thenumberof作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Anumberofnewbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofstudentsinyouclassis50.10.有些名詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式一樣,作主語的時(shí)候,其謂語動(dòng)詞由上下文決定,這一類名詞有:means,works,deer,fish,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等。Noteverymeansisuseful.不是每種方法都好使。Notallmeansareuseful.不是所有的方法都好使。11.如果主語有morethanone很多非?！騧anya許多……構(gòu)成，oneandahalf與單數(shù)名詞組成的短語。盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)內(nèi)容，但它的謂語動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)形式。如：Morethanonestudenthasreadthebook.Manyagirlhasbeenthere.但是，“more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+thanone”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，謂語動(dòng)詞一般多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Moremembersthanoneareagainstyourplan.Apairofshoeswasonthedesk.Manyaboyhasseenit.許多孩子都看到了。12.書刊名、時(shí)間、距離、價(jià)格、度量衡等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)。Thirtyyearsisnotalongtime.RootsisafamousAmericannovel.三、[就近原則]either...or;neither...nor;notonly...butalso,whether...or在句子中連接主語的時(shí)候或者在therebe句型中,謂語動(dòng)詞要和就近的主語保持一致。NeitheryounorIamwrong.Thereisacupofteaandsomeapplesonthetable.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishesforaholiday.四、就前原則aswellas,togetherwith,but,except,like,besides，ratherthan在句子中連接主語的時(shí)候,謂語動(dòng)詞要與前面的主語保持一致Everybody

except

you

is

down

on

me.

除了你，大家都看不起我。A

woman

with

two

children

has

come.

一位婦女帶著兩個(gè)孩子已經(jīng)來了John,

rather

than

his

roommates,

is

to

blame.

約翰，而不是他的室友，應(yīng)受責(zé)備Jim,

together

with

his

classmates,

has

seen

the

film.

吉姆和他的同學(xué)都看看過這電影[注意事項(xiàng)]thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind(這種書),其謂語用單數(shù);短語thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen(口語)(這一類人),但thiskindofmen的謂語用單數(shù),menofthiskind和thesekindofmen的謂語用復(fù)數(shù),allkindsof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Thiskindofmenisdangerous.Menofthiskindaredangerous.2.在主謂倒裝的句子中,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。例如:Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.3.“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,aheapof,heapsof,halfof+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞要與短語中of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致,這是因?yàn)槎陶Z中后面的名詞是中心詞,而短語中前面的量詞是修飾語。例如:Lotsofdamagewascausedbyfire.Aboutthree-fourthsoftheearth’ssurfaceiscoveredwithwater.Three-fifthsoftheworkersherearewomen.和這種情況類似的還有“anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。但是,“thenumberof+名詞”的中心詞卻是number。試比較：Anumberofstudentshavegonetothecountrysidetohelpwiththeautumnharvest.Thenumberofpagesinthisbookistwohundred.a(large)quantityof修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Alargequantityofpeopleisneededhere.quantitiesof修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:Quantitiesoffood(nuts)wereonthetable.短語inquantity,inlargequantities意為“大量”;insmallquantities意為“少量”。4.agreatdealof,alargeamountof,修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù);largeamountsof修飾不可數(shù)名詞,其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)。例如:5.表示數(shù)量的oneandahalf后,名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,但是其短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Oneandahalfbananasisleftonthetable..6.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞作主語時(shí)，依照意義一致的原則，表示單數(shù)意義時(shí)，謂語用單數(shù)；反之，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這類名詞有：sheep,deer,means(方法、手段),works(工廠),species(種類)7.在主謂倒裝的句子中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。如：Betweenthetwowindowshangsapicture.高中英語主謂一致專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題及答案從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

1.One-thirdofthearea_____coveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetrees_____beenplanted.

A.are;have

B.is;has

C.is;have

D.are;has

2.Thenumberofteachersinourcollege_____greatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthisschool_____fromthecountryside.

A.was;is

B.was;are

C.were;are

D.were;is

3.What_____thepopulationofChinaOne-thirdofthepopulation_____workershere.

A.is;are

B.are;are

C.is;is

D.are;is

4.Notonlyhebutalsowe_____right.Heaswellaswe_____right.

A.are;are

B.are;is

C.is;is

D.is;are

5.Whathe’dlike_____adigitalwatch.Whathe’dlike_____textbooks.

A.are;are

B.is;is

C.is;are

D.are;is

6.Heisoneoftheboyswho_____hereontime.Heistheonlyoneoftheboyswho_____hereontime.

A.hascome;havecome

B.havecome;hascome

C.hascome;hascome

D.havecome;havecome

7.Eitheryouorhe_____interestedinplayingchess._____youorhefondofmusicatpresent?

A.are;Are

B.is;Are

C.are;Is

D.is;Is

8.Manyaprofessor_____lookingforwardtovisitingGermanynow.

Manyscientists_____studiedanimalsandplantsinthelasttwoyears.

A.is;have

B.is;has

C.are;have

D.is;are

9.Aknifeandafork_____onthetable.Aknifeandfork_____onthetable.

A.is;is

B.are;are

C.are;is

D.is;are

10.Herfamily_____muchlargerthanminefouryearsago.Herfamily_____dancingandsingingwhenIcameinlastnight.

A.were;was

B.was;were

C.was;was

D.were;were

11.HowandwhyJackcametoChina_____notknown.Whenandwheretobuildthenewlibrary_____notbeendecided.

A.is;has

B.are;has

C.is;have

D.are;have

12.NowTomtogetherwithhisclassmates_____footballontheplayground.

A.play

B.areplaying

C.plays

D.isplaying

13.Twohundredandfiftypounds_____toounreasonableapriceforasecond-handcar.

A.is

B.are

C.were

D.be

14.AllbutDick_____inClassThreethisterm.

A.are

B.is

C.were

D.was

15.Soonaftertheearthquake,everyman,womanandchild_____aboutit.

A.weretalking

B.wastalking

C.talk

D.talks

16.Weeach_____strongpointsandeachofusontheotherhand_____weakpoints.

A.have;have

B.has;have

C.has;has

D.have;has

17.MyfriendandclassmatePaul_____motorcyclesinhissparetime.

A.race

B.races

C.israced

D.isracing

18.There_____apen,twopencils,andthreebooksonthedesk.

A.are

B.is

C.has

D.have

19.Thefactory,includingitsmachinesandbuildings,_____burntlastnight.

A.is

B.are

C.were

D.was

20.Climbinghills_____ofgreathelptohealth.

A.is

B.are

C.were

D.be

21.Timeandtide_____fornoman.

A.wait

B.waited

C.iswaiting

D.haswaited

22.Theinjuredinthetsunami_____goodcareofbysomemedicalteams.

A.istaken

B.arebeingtaken

C.aretaking

D.isbeingtaken

23.ItisnotJ.K.Rowlingbutherworksthat_____usexcited.

A.makes

B.ismade

C.make

D.aremade

24.Onthecloset_____apairoftrousershisparentsboughtforhisbirthday.

A.lying

B.lies

C.lie

D.islaid

25.Eachmanandeachwoman_____askedtohelpwhenthefirebrokeout.

A.is

B.was

C.are

D.were

26.About60percentofthestudents_____fromthesouth;therestofthem_____fromthenorthandforeigncountries.

A.are;is

B.is;is

C.is;are

D.are;are27.—Isthereanybodyintheclassroom

—No,theteacher,togetherwiththestudents_____totheplayground.A.go B.went C.hasgone D.havegone28.—Aretheseyoursheep

—No.Mine_____ongrassatthefootofthehill.A.arefeeding B.feed C.isfed D.isfeeding29.Sittingatthebackoftheroombutinfrontofsomeoldmenandwomen_____averyshygirlwithtwobrighteyes.A.was B.are C.were D.therewas30.Mr.Bush,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughter_____goingtoJapannextweek.A.are B.is C.willbe D.wouldbe31.Nottheteacherbutthestudents_____excited.A.is B.has C.are D.have32.AsIhaveameetingatfour,tenminutes_____allthatIcansparetotalkwithyou.A.are B.was C.is D.were33._____ofthelandinthatdistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;is B.Twofifths;are C.Twofifth;are D.Twofifths;is答案及部分解析：1-5CBABC

6-10BBACB

11-15ADAAB

16-20DBBDA

21-26ABCBBD

27-33CAABCCD

1.“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ofthe+名詞或代詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于名詞或代詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。

2.“thenumberof+名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)形式。“anumberof+名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

3.“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ofthepopulation”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

4.or,either...or,neither...nor,notonly...butalso等(關(guān)聯(lián))連詞連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)按“就近原則”處理。注意：即使在