DB43-T 2055-2021 水上交通氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級劃分和評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

ICS

07.060CCS

43湖 南 省地方 標(biāo) 準(zhǔn)DB43/T

2055—2021水上交通氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級劃分和評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Classification

and

Evaluation

Criteria

for

Early

Warningof

Meteorological

Disaster

Risk

in

Watorborne

Traffic2021

-

04

-

02

發(fā)布

2021

-

-

實(shí)施湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局

發(fā)

布DB43/T

2055— 前言························································································································

Ⅲ1 ·····················································································································12 規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································13 術(shù)語和定義············································································································14 水上交通氣象風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級劃分一般規(guī)則·····································································25 水上交通主要?dú)庀箫L(fēng)險(xiǎn)因子及預(yù)警等級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)··································································35.1 風(fēng)··················································································································35.2 能見度············································································································35.3降雨···············································································································35.4 降雪···············································································································45.5 強(qiáng)對流天氣······································································································45.6冰凍···············································································································45.7 等級判別·········································································································5附錄

A（資料性）

········································································································6表

A.1 蒲福風(fēng)力等級表····························································································

6表

A.2 湖南降雨等級·······························································································

7表

A.3 湖南降雪等級·······························································································

7DB43/T

2055— 本文件按照

GB/T

—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則 第

1

部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)定起草。請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。本文件由湖南省氣象局提出。本文件由湖南省氣象標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會歸口。本文件起草單位：湖南省氣象服務(wù)中心、湖南省水運(yùn)事務(wù)中心本文件主要起草人：郭海峰、廖春花、羅紅梅、熊寄林、楊特群、禹偉、江滌非、賈海鷹、劉祥。本文件首次發(fā)布。IIIDB43/T

2055—1

本文件規(guī)定了水上交通氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級的劃分規(guī)則和不同預(yù)警等級的氣象指標(biāo)判定閾值。本文件適用于湖南省水上交通氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估與預(yù)警。2

規(guī)范性引用文件文件。GB/T

27962—2011 氣象災(zāi)害預(yù)警信號圖標(biāo)GB/T

28591—2012 風(fēng)力等級GB/T

28592—2012 降水量等級GB/T

33673—2017 水平能見度等級GB/T

34297—2017 冰凍天氣等級GB/T

21984—2017 短期天氣預(yù)報(bào)QX/T

—2016 船舶引航氣象條件等級QX/T

—2018 強(qiáng)對流天氣等級3

術(shù)語和定義下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。3.1水上交通 watorborne

船舶在通航水域從事航行、停泊和作業(yè)以及與內(nèi)河交通安全有關(guān)的活動。3.2氣象災(zāi)害

disaster由天氣現(xiàn)象對人類的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)和國民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)及國防建設(shè)等造成直接或間接損害的災(zāi)害。3.3風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警 risk

early

warning根據(jù)研究對象的實(shí)際情況及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理者的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，合理劃分風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警區(qū)間，判斷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)量所處狀態(tài)。3.4陣風(fēng) gust一定時(shí)段內(nèi)的最大瞬時(shí)風(fēng)速。m/s）。[QX/T

21984—，定義

2.14]

aDB43/T

2055—3.5風(fēng)力等級 wind

scale根據(jù)風(fēng)對地面（或海面）物體影響程度而定出的等級，用來表示風(fēng)速的大小。Beaufort

1805

Beaufort

）”，自零到

1946

0-17

[QX/T

21984—，定義

2.15]3.6水平能見度 視力正常（眼睛能察覺的最小亮度對比

0.05）的人，在當(dāng)時(shí)的天氣條件下，能夠從天空背景中看最大水平距離。）。[GB/T

33673—2017，術(shù)語和定義

2.1]3.7降水量

滲透、流失而在水平面上積聚的深度。mm）。[QX/T

21984—，定義

2.16]3.8降水量等級

降水量大小的級別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。湖南降水量等級見附錄

。[QX/T

21984—，定義

2.17]3.9強(qiáng)對流天氣

weather強(qiáng)對流天氣是大氣中對流發(fā)展旺盛時(shí)天氣的總稱，一般指短時(shí)強(qiáng)降水、雷暴、冰雹、對流性大風(fēng)、龍卷等天氣現(xiàn)象。3.10冰凍 過冷水滴、霧滴或濕雪與低于

0℃的物體碰撞立即凍結(jié)的現(xiàn)象。[GB/T

34297—2017，定義

2.4]4

水上交通氣象風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級劃分一般規(guī)則

1。表

表

1水上交通安全氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級

2km1km

0.5km

b

c

d

ea

b

c

d

e

）；

）；

255）；

25597）；

255），

DB43/T

2055—表

1 表

1 水上交通安全氣象災(zāi)害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警等級（續(xù)）5.1風(fēng)風(fēng)對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

2。表

2 表

2 風(fēng)對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級能見度對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

3

。表

3表

3能見度對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級降雨對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

4。12h12h

6h6h

3h50mm50mm3h

3h

24h3h

6h

12h

24h

24

12h4mm12h12h

6h10mm10mm6h6h6h

12h

12

24

24

12

DB43/T

2055—表

4表

4降雨對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級降雪對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

5。表

5 表

5 降雪對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級強(qiáng)對流天氣對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

6。表

6 表

6 強(qiáng)對流天氣對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級冰凍對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級見表

7。24

24

12

DB43/T

2055—表

7表

7冰凍對水上交通可能造成安全隱患的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級險(xiǎn)預(yù)警的等級。DB43/T

2055—附

錄 A（資料性）表

A.1蒲福風(fēng)力等級表

/m

/m mile/h m/s km/h

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

煙能表示方向，但風(fēng)

10

11

17

22

4.0

5.5

全樹搖動，迎風(fēng)步行 0.2 0.3

人面感覺有風(fēng)，樹葉

0.61.0

1.01.5

能吹起地面灰塵和紙 2.02.5

有葉的小樹搖擺，內(nèi)3.04.0

大樹枝搖動，電線呼28

0.3

1.6

113.4

125.5

208.010.7

2910.8

3913.9

50

5.5

7.5

微枝折毀，人行向前

5.5

7.5

微枝折毀，人行向前

417.0

41陸上少見，見時(shí)可使

20.8

7510 9.012.5

樹木拔起或使建筑物

48

24.5

89

56

6411

56

6412 14.0 陸上絕少見摧毀力

28.5

10332.7

11813 7237.0

13414 8141.5

15015 90 46.2

16716 100

51.0

18417