2020屆高三寒假英語練習題四

2020屆寒假高三英語練習題（四）2020.2.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分,滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheWorlds'BestBookshopsThere'snothinglikebeingsurroundedbybooks，whereveryouare.Herearethefinestoasesofliteraturethattravellerscanbringyou.DaikanyamaT-site|TokyoItiswellworthvisitingevenifjusttoadmirethebuilding 'sbeautiful，crisscrossedarchitecture.Onceyou'vehadyourfillofwanderingthreefloors'worthofbookshelves，there'sthebar，thecoffeeshop，oreventhevideorentalspacetogiveyoumorereasontostayjustthatlittlebitlonger.Grababook，orderabeeranddiveintoitspages.Icouldhavestayedhourshere.CityLights|SanFranciscoThethree-storeyestablishmentpublishesandsellstitlesinpoetry，fiction，translation，politics，historyandthearts.Ithostseventsandreadingsandrunsanon-profitofthesamenamethataimstopromotediversityofvoicesandideasinliterature.It'soppositeVesuvio，abarfrequentedbyKerouacandotherBeat-generationwritersandartists.ShakespeareandCompany|ParisImadeaspecialtriptotheLeftBankforthisonewhenIwasinParis.IthastwofloorspackedwithEnglish-languagetexts，andIwasparticularlystruckbyanysparewallspacedevotedtonotesfromvisitors-heartfeltmessagestoalovedone,dedicationstotheshopitself,oraquotefromafavouriteauthororphilosopher.HutatmaChowk|MumbaiAfewyearsagoIvisitedIndia,investigatingRudyardKipling 'sconnectionswiththecountry.IspottedacheapcopyofTheJungleBookononeofthetarp-coveredbookstallsatHutatmaChowk（Martyrs'Square）.Thebooksellersherearelikeamateurlibrarians,abletolaytheirhandsonalmostanytitleyouaskfor.Tome,thosewell-thumbed（翻舊了的）booksspokevolumesaboutthechangesofMumbai'sreadersinthe150yearssincethecitygaveusKipling.Inwhichbookshopcanyoubuyadrinkwhilevisiting？DaikanyamaT-site. B.CityLights.ShakespeareandCompany. D.HutatmaChowk.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthebookstallsatHutatmaChowk？PeoplecanmeetRudyardKiplingthere.Theysellthecheapestbooksintheworld.Thebookownersareamateurlibrarians.Thesellersarefamiliarwiththebooks.Whatdothefourbookstoreshaveincommon?Theyarebeautifullydesigned.Theyarethree-storeybuildings.Theyofferbookloversgoodexperienee.Theyarefrequentlyvisitedbygreatwriters.BForyearsIhavehadnoideawhatIhavebeendoingwithmylife.Iwasa30-year-oldlawyerinNewYork.Butbeingalawyerwasnevermydreamorgoalinlife.Ihonestlywantedtobeawriter.Ihaveagreatimaginationandwouldwriteamazingstoriesinmyhead.ButIalwaysknewthatbeingawriterwasneverpossibleformebecauseitwasabetterfinaneialdeeisiontostayalawyer.Recently,Icouldn'fallasleepatmyusualtimeof10p.m.andwhenIdidfallasleepIhadthesamedreamoverandoveragain.ThedreamstartswithmeintheoceantryingtogoforaswimandI 'msearchingforsomething,butIstarttodrownandhavenocontrolovermybody.ThenalightshinesthroughthewatersandwhenI lookupallIcanseeismyselfina brightwhite roomwriting anovel. ThenIhearavoicesayrepeatedly, “Nowisthetimetotrysomething new! ”Itwasn'justadream;itwasmyopportunitytomakesomethinggoodoutofmylife.Thatafternoon,IquitmyjobatthelawfirmandIcouldn'thavebeenanyhappier.Mylifestartedat30,andeverydaysincethatpointIhaven'stoppedenjoyinglife.Istartedtowriteandhavebeenonthebest-sellerslistforthelasttwomonths.Thingshavedefinitelyturnedaround.Changeisagoodthing;itgivesusanopportunitytotakeachanee.SomytwofavoritewordsIlivebyandsoshouldyouarechangeandchance”.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?Theauthorisnow30yearsold.Itisimpossiblefortheauthortobecomeawriter.Alawyercanbelikelytoearnmorethanawriter.Theauthorpreferstobealawyerratherthanawriter.Whatwasintheauthor'smind?Thedifficultyinsleepingatnight. B.Astrongdesiretobecomeawriter.C.Awishtohaveaswiminthewaters. D.Aterribleswimmingexperieneeintheocean.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthe3rdparagraphmean?Heregrettedhavingquittedhisjobasalawyer.Hewasunhappyaftergivinguphisjobasalawyer.Hewasupsetbecausehehadtogiveuphisjobasalawyer.Hewasprettyhappywhenhequittedhisjobasalawyer.Whichofthefollowingcanbethetitleofthepassage?LawyerorWriter B.ChangeandChanceC.WorkandDream D.RiskorOpportunityCAsfreeastheymakeus,mobilephonesstillneedtostayclosetoapowersource.Soonthatmaychangewith“green”power.ThreeChileanstudentsgottheideaforaplant-powereddevicetochargetheircellphones,whilesittingintheirschool'soutdoorcourtyardduringabreakfromexams,withdeadmobilephones.Then,oneofthemhadan“aha”moment.“ItoccurredtoCamilatosayaboutplants,”saidinventorEvelynAravena.“W‘hydon'tyouhaveasocket,iftherearesomanyplants?'Afterthat,wethought,‘whydon'ttheyhaveachargingoutlet?Becausetherearesomanyplantsandlivingthingsthathavethepotentialtoproduceenergy,whynot?'”Theirinvention—asmallbiologicalcircuitcalledE-Kaia—usestheenergyplantstoproduceduringphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Aplantusesonlyasmallpartofthatenergyandtherestgoesintothesoil,andthat'swheretheE-Kaiacollectsit.Thedeviceplugsintothegroundandthenintoyourphone.“It'sthemostamazingprojectI'veeverseeninmylife,plainandsimple.Theybroughtthisoriginalmodel,anditworked—andthat'swhenitallchanged,atleastfrommypersonalpointofviewandIbegantosupportthem.”saidMauricioCifuentes.Thedevicesolvedtwoproblemsfortheengineeringstudents—theyneededanideaforaclassproject,andanoutlettoplugintheirphones.“Lookingforaplacetochargethenotebook,whichhadnopower,andthemobilephones,weweren'tabletofindanythingbecausealltheotherstudentswereinthesamestateofmadnesstryingtofindaplacetochargetheirdevices,”saidAravena.Butplantsareeverywhere,andthebio-circuitmakesgooduseoftheirexcess（過多的）power.TheE-Kaiadoesn'tcarrymuchchargebutit'spowerfulenoughtocompletelyrechargeamobilephoneinlessthantwohours.Thestudentinventorshaveappliedforpatentsontheirtechnology,andexpecttheE-Kaiatogoonsaleinthenearfuture.Howcouldthestudentsgetthe“green”poweridea?Bycarryingoutanexperiment.Justfromanoccasionalthought.Withthesupportoftheirprofessors.Inspiredbytheinformationinasciencebook.Howdoesthedevicecollectpower?ByusingphotosynthesisByusingasmallbiologicalcircuitByusingenergyplantsByusingtheelectricitystoredinthedeviceWhatcanwelearnfromwhatMauricioCifuentessaid?Heintendedtobuythepatent.Heinventedtheoriginaldevice.Heshowedgreatinterestinthedevice.Hewantedtomassproducethedevice.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?ANewDevicetoChangetheWorldGreenPower—ANewandPotentialSourceChileanStudentsFindAGreenWaytoChargePhonesANewDeviceInventedbyChileanStudentsWillBeonSaleDEudaimoniaisanAncientGreekword,particularlystressedbythephilosophersPlatoandAristotle,whichdeservesfarmoreattentionthanithasbecauseitcorrectstheshortfalls（缺失）inoneofthemostcentral,buttroublingwordsinourmodemlanguage:happiness.Whenwenowadaystrytoclearlyexpressthepurposeofourlives,itistheword“happiness”thatwecommonlyturnto.Wetellourselvesandothersthatthemostimportantprincipleforourjobs,ourrelationshipsandtheconductofourday-to-daylivesisthepursuitofhappiness.Itsoundslikeaninnocentenoughidea,buttoomuchrelianceonthetermmeansthatwefrequentlyunfairlytendtoquitor,atleast,heavilyquestionagreatmanychallengingbutworthwhilesituations.TheAncientGreeksdidnotbelievethatthepurposeoflifewastobehappy;theyproposedthatitwastoachieveEudaimonia,awordwhichhasbeenbesttranslatedas“fulfilment”.Whatdistinguisheshappinessfromfulfilmentispain.Itisverypossibletobefulfilledand —atthesametime—underpressure,sufferingphysicallyormentally,overburdenedand,quitefrequently,inanirritable（易怒的）mood.Thisisaslightpsychologicaldifferencethatishardfortheword“happiness”tocapture,forit'strickytospeakofbeinghappyyetunhappy,orhappyyetsuffering.However,suchacombinationisreadilyaccommodatedwithintherespectedandnoble-soundingideaofEudaimonia.Thewordencouragesustotrustthatmanyoflife'smostworthwhileprojectswillsometimesbeinconflictwithcontentment,andyetwillbeworthpursuing.Properlyexploringourprofessionaltalents,managingahousehold,keepingarelationshipgoing,creatinganewbusinessventureorengaginginpolitics...noneofthesegoalsarelikelytoleaveuscheerfulandgrinningonadailybasis.Theywill,infact,involveusinallmannerofchallengesthatwilldeeplyexhaustandweakenus,provoke（激怒）andwoundus.Andyetwewillperhaps,attheendofourlives,stillfeelthatthetaskswereworthundertaking.Throughthem,we'llhaveachievedsomethingdeeperandmoreinterestingthanhappiness.WiththewordEudaimoniainmind,wecanstopimaginingthatweareaimingforapain-freeexistence,andthenblamingourselvesunfairlyforbeinginabadmood.We'llknowthatwearetryingtodosomethingfarmoreimportantthansmileallthetime:we'restrivingtodojusticetoourfullhumanpotential.Whatdoweknowabout“Eudaimonia”fromthepassage?ItwasfirstcreatedbytwoGreekphilosophers.Ithasreceivedalotofattentionfromthepublic.Itstillhassomeshortfallsthatneedtobecorrected.ItwasregardedasthepurposeoflifeinancientGreece.AccordingtoParagraph3,happiness .istheoppositeoffulfillmentisfreefromphysicalormentalpainstressesthepsychologicaldiffereneeservesasarespectedandnoblelifegoalWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Aimingforhappinessmayleadtowrongself-blaming.Goalsthatwoundandweakenusresultinhappiness.Challengesleadingtocontentmentareworthundertaking.Feelingfulfilledmeansweshouldavoidtoughsituations.Whydoesthewriterwritethispassage?Toencouragethereaderstofindfulfillmentwithallefforts.Toencouragethereaderstoseekforapain-freeexistenee.Toencouragethereaderstokeepoptimisticwhateverhappens.Toencouragethereaderstobalaneehappinessandsuffering.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Radarisanelectronicdevicethatdetectsplanes,ships,coastlines,Iandmarks,andevenstormclouds.Thenameradarcomesfromthefirstlettersofthewordsradiodirectionandranging.Asthehumaneyeuseslightwavestosee,radarsees'withradiowaves.Withoutradar,planescouldnotlandsafelyinbadweatherandshipscouldnotmovesafelyinthickfog. 36Inthe1800s,itwasdiscoveredthatradiowavescouldbereflectedfromobjects. Butscientistsdidnotmakegreatadvancesinradarresearchuntilthe1930s,whentheworldwasthreatenedbywar.37Ithasbeenusedwidelyinalmosteveryconflictsincethen.Echoesmakeitpossibleforradartowork.Whenabeamofradiowavesissentout,itstrikesonanobjectandreturnsanecho.Thisechoispickedupbyradarandrecordedonascreensimilartotelevisionscreen.Onthescreenanobserverseesaflash,orablip,thatshowsthedirectionanddistaneeoftheobject.38Airportcontroltowersuseradartoguideplanesinforsafelandings.Almostalllargeshipsdependonradartopreventcollisionswithicebergsorotherships. 39Weatherforecasterssee"thesize,direction,andspeedofstormsonradarscreens.Astronomerscanevenuseradartomeasureaccuratelythedistaneetothemoon.Thus,thedevicehasgeneratedmajoradvancements.40HugeradarantennashavebeeninstalledallovertheUnitedStates.Theyguardusagainstpossibleenemyattacks.Wehaveballistic-missiles（戰(zhàn)略導彈）warningsystemsthatcanalertustoattackswhenmissilesaremorethan1,000milesaway.Otherradarsystemswarnusagainstenemyaircraftandevenspyingspacesatellites.Policetrackspeedersinradar-equippedcars.Thesemeasurementsarenowhighlyaccurate.Thedevicecanbeusedinawiderangeoffields.Itisthereforeespeciallyvaluabletoshippersandtravelers.DuringWorldWarIImanycountriesusedradareffectively.Todayradarisusedbycommercialairlinersandweatherforecasters.Strengtheningnationaldefenseisoneofradar'mostimportantfunctions.第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的 A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IhadjuststartedmysecondyearstudyingatCambridgeUniversitywhenIwasfacedwiththenewsIhadneverexpected.Alumpinmyneck41outtobecancer.Iwould42sixmonthsofchemotherapy（化療）.Aftertheshock,Iwasstruckbythisthought:my43didn'haveanyroomforcancer.IhadsomuchIwantedto44andsomanygoalsIwantedtochase.Iwasfacedwiththe45joboftellingmyfriendsandfamily.Then,Ihadtodecidewhetherto46inCambridgeandtakefiveexamsattheendoftheyear.Mydoctor47againstit,andsodidmyparentsandteachers.Mydoctorsandteachersconvincedmethattakingsometimeoffto48andrelaxwouldbethebestthingforme.Icouldnotthinkofanything 49 .Ididnotwantto50ayearofmylife,receivingpityfromthosearoundme.Togetherwithmyparents,Itriedtopersuadetheuniversityto51metostayatCambridgeandstudyonlyhalfthecourse.AttheendoftheyearIwouldtaketwoexams.Itwasreallya 52topersuadethemtoagree.TreatmentbeganandIwasupanddownfromCambridgetoLondoneveryotherweek.Itmademefeel53 ,buttoamuchlesserdegreethanIhadexpected.Iwas54toread,eatandsocializeexactlyasIusedto.Isleptalotandrestedalot,butIalsoworkedhardatmystudies.Itgavemefocus,anditalsogavemepurpose.Completingmy55attheendoftermfeltlikeagreatpersonalvictory.Itooka56tocontinuestudyingwhileundergoingtreatment,andit57 .Iwassuccessfulinmyexams,andmore58 ,Imadeafullrecovery.Everypersonfacingadiseaselikecancermustmakethe59thatarerightforthem.Iam60thatImadethedecisionthatwasrightforme.41.A.stuckB.cameC.turnedD.worked42.A.requireB.expectC.senseD.arrange43.A.bodyB.memoriesC.familyD.dreams44.A.faceB.achieveC.showD.understand45.A.necessaryB.temporaryC.difficultD.disappointing46.A.joinB.treatC.settleD.continue47.A.foughtB.advisedC.actedD.decided48.A.recoverB.exerciseC.studyD.play49.A.betterB.worseC.moreD.less50.A.saveB.spendC.takeD.miss51.A.helpB.remindC.allowD.invite52.A.struggleB.failureC.burdenD.trouble53.A.tiredB.relaxedC.confidentD.nervous54.A.afraidB.readyC.ableD.eager55.A.purposeB.projectsC.treatmentD.exams56.A.restB.riskC.privilegeD.job57.A.endedupB.passedonC.paidoffD.brokeout58.A.clearlyB.interestinglyC.specificallyD.importantly59.A.choicesB.changesC.effortsD.chances60.A.surprisedB.excitedC.determinedD.proud第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。InChineseculture,eachyearisrelatedto 61Chineseanimalaccordingtothe12-yearcycle.2018isanEarthDogYear.Peoplebornduringtheyearofthedog62(believe)totakeaftersomeoftheanimal'characteristics,suchasloyalty,patienee,andreliability.Zodiac(黃道)theoryalsorelatestoChineseelementaltheory,63associatesthe12animalswithoneoffiveelements:metal,wood,water,fire,andearth.Thefiveelements 64(combine)withthe12zodiacsignsproducea60-yearcycle.Zodiacanimalshavebothfixedandnon-fixedelementsattached65them.Forexample,thedog(aswellasthedragon,ox,andgoat)isalwaysassociatedwiththeearthelement.66theyearof2018isconsideredanearthyearaccordingtotheChinesesolarcalendar,thosebornin2018areconsideredearthdogs,whichcarrycharacteristicslikebeingcommunicativeandresponsibleatwork.Thoughdogsare67(general)associatedwithearth,thosebornduringthemetaldogyeararebelievedtobeconservativeand68 (caution)_innature.AsDogsarenotgoodatcommunication, 69isdifficultforthemtoconveytheirthoughtstoothers.Therefore,Dogstendtoleaveotherswiththe70(impress)thattheyhaveastubbornpersonality,buttheyareindeedloyaltotheirfamiliesandfriends.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分滿分10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文 ，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有 10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（人） ,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處,多者（從第11處起）不計分。Lastweekend,Iwenttovisitmy