Unit1LookingforwardsUsinglanguage課件-高中英語(yǔ)外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit1

UsinglanguageReview:Tenses選擇性必修四時(shí)態(tài)4種“時(shí)間”4種“動(dòng)作狀態(tài)”英語(yǔ)中共有16種時(shí)態(tài)，總結(jié)為下表：

一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（態(tài)）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（態(tài)）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去一般過(guò)去時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去完成時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）將來(lái)一般將來(lái)時(shí)（態(tài)）將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）將來(lái)完成時(shí)（態(tài)）將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去將來(lái)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)（態(tài)）過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí)（態(tài)）語(yǔ)法感知1.Shealwaystakesawalkintheevening.2.Jimisalwayscominglateforclass.3.Hewasplayingtabletennisatfiveyesterdayafternoon.4.Uptonow，wehavereceivednonewsfromher.5.I’vebeenwaitingforanhourbutshestillhasn’tcome.6.TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.7.HewillgraduatefromHarvardUniversitynextyear.8.Whatwillyoubedoingthistimetomorrow?9.WhenIwasakid,Ioften

playedfootballinthestreet10.Hetoldusthathewouldgoonaholidaythenextweek.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)Tenses一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

do/doesdidwill/shalldowould/shoulddowas/weredoingam/is/aredoingwillbedoinghaddonehave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoing1.表示現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.如:often,?usually,?always,?sometimes,??seldom,?now?and?then,?every?day等Wehavemealsthreetimesaday.我們一日吃三餐。(現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣)Heisalwaysreadytohelpothers.他總是樂(lè)于助人。(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))2.表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)及自然現(xiàn)象。此用法即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中,也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。Hesaidthathydrogenisalightgas.他說(shuō)氫氣是很輕的氣體3.用于以here,there開頭的倒裝句中,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)Theregoesthebell.鈴響了。Herecomesthebus.公共汽車來(lái)了。1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)5.主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)刻表上已確定或安排好的事情。如火車時(shí)刻，飛機(jī)時(shí)刻，電影開演等，客觀性較強(qiáng)，多有具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).常用動(dòng)詞come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return,takeoff等Thetrainleavesat10a.m。4.主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。Wewilldiscussthematterwhenwemeettomorrow.明天見面時(shí)，我們將會(huì)討論這件事情。Iwillnotgotothecountrysideifitrainstomorrow.如果明天下雨，我就不去鄉(xiāng)下了。6.在themore...themore...(越……越……)句型中,若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Theharderyoustudy,thebetterresultsyouwillget.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1、副詞：always、often、never、sometimes、usually、

regularly、occasionally2、短語(yǔ)：everyday/week/month/year、onceaweek、hardlyever、everytenminutes每十分鐘、everyothertenminutes每隔十分鐘、nowandthen不時(shí)、fromtimetotime不時(shí)3、在由after，until，before，once，when，evenif，incase，aslongas，assoonas，themoment以及if，unless等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasI____________him.metmeetwillmeethavemet(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作,不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,只說(shuō)明過(guò)去.常跟表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,如:amoment/threedaysago,lastnight/Friday/week/month/year,（thedaybefore)yesterday,in1994，intheTangDynasty,yesterday、atthattime、once、duringthewar、afewdaysago等。Ididn’tknowheratthattime。那時(shí)我不認(rèn)識(shí)他（過(guò)去的狀態(tài)）Theylivedherefortwentyyears.

他們?cè)谶@里住過(guò)二十年。HeandhisfriendsvisitedtheGreatWalllastyear.去年他和他的朋友們參觀了長(zhǎng)城。Theboydidn’tplaybasketballyesterdayafternoon.這個(gè)男孩兒昨天下午沒(méi)有打籃球。2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)（3）.Since從句中一般用一般過(guò)去時(shí)Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelast___________。自從上次我們見面以來(lái)，你變化不大met(2)usedtodo表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現(xiàn)在已不再維持的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作。Mygrandfatherusedtogoforawalkaftersupper.拓展：beusedto+doing："習(xí)慣于"，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動(dòng)名詞。Scarfisusedtotakingawalk.(現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣于散步)4）、表示過(guò)去時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenwalkedbytheriverside.我在鄉(xiāng)下時(shí)經(jīng)常在河邊散步。2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)1、副詞：

yesterday

2、短語(yǔ)：

last

week

/

month

/

year

/

night、

last

Monday、

yesterday

morning

/

afternoon

/

evening、last

May、just

now

=

a

moment

ago、

two

days

ago

、the

day

before

yesterday、

the

other

day

前幾天、in

（已過(guò)去的）某年

/

月、on

（已過(guò)去的）某天、

at

（已過(guò)去的）幾點(diǎn)鐘與某些從句連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Hi,IamPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven’tseenyouever.Hello，Peter.IamBob.I____________hereonMonday.comehavecomecamehadcome(1)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。nexttime,nextyear,tomorrowevening,beforelong,thisafternoon,tomorrow,inthefuture,thedayaftertomorrow,in+時(shí)間段,after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)等will用于各種人稱，shall用于第一人稱。Myelderbrotherwillbetwentyyearsoldnextyear.Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening？WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst?（2）will表示臨時(shí)決定做某事.3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)1.will/shall+V原形It's

cold

outside．I

think

I_____wear

my

coat．A.will

B.would

C.amgoingto

D.wasgoingto...A3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)①按照計(jì)劃、主觀上打算做某事，Theyaregoingto

sailaroundthesmallisland.他們打算繞著小島航行。②有跡象表明Itisverycloudy.Ithinkitisgoingto

rainsoon.天陰陰的，我想快要下雨了。2.begoingto+V原形3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)3、betodo按計(jì)劃或安排，約定，職責(zé)，義務(wù)或者要求將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.The

PrimeMinisteristovisitChinatomorrow.首相將于明天訪問(wèn)中國(guó)。YourassignmentistobehandedinnextTuesday.你的作業(yè)下周二上交。3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)4、beaboutto+V原形表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，不可以和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Theteamisaboutto

playanimportantmatch.這支隊(duì)伍將要進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)重要的比賽。Weareaboutto

leave,sothereisnotimetovisithernow.我們要走了，所以現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有時(shí)間去拜訪她。

Iamaboutto

leave

whenthebellrings.鈴聲響起的時(shí)候我正要離開。3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)正要做，即將要做……Sheisonthepointofburstingintotears.她就要哭了。5、beonthepointofdoing3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生Heismovingtothesouth.位移性動(dòng)詞：go,come,leave,arrive,start,begin……IamgoingtoJohn’shouseatfouronnextSundayafternoon.下周日的下午4點(diǎn)我要去約翰家。Heisleavingschoolinoneyear’stime.他一年后就要畢業(yè)了。6、bedoing（現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)）如：Thetrainisduetodepartintenminutes.7.bedueto+v表示預(yù)先確定了的事，必定發(fā)生的事。3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)Givemeonemorehour,andI’llgettheworkfinished.再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我就能完成這項(xiàng)工作。Closethewindow,oryou’llcatchacold.關(guān)上窗戶，不然你會(huì)感冒的。在祈使句+and/or+陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)中，前面的祈使句表示條件，后面的句子要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Bring

these

flowers

into

a

warm

room

and

they

________

soon.willopenareopeningopenhaveopenedYou__________tothathotelwhereroomshavealreadybeenbookedforyou.wentaretogogoabouttogo1.Pleasebeseated.Themeetingisabout__________(begin).2.Ourschoolsportsmeetingis_________(take)placenextweek.3.—Whendoesthebusstart?—It_________(start)intenminutes.4.He___________(leave)

forJapannextmonth.5.Work?hard?and?you?______________(succeed)?in?time.?6.__________(make)upyourmind,?andyouwillgetthechance.?tobegintotakestartsisleavingwill?succeedMake4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)常用在賓語(yǔ)從句中。形式：would+V原型was/weregoingtodowas/weretodowas/wereaboutto4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)Shesaidhermotherwouldcometoseeherthenextday.她說(shuō)她媽媽第二天要來(lái)看她。Shehopedthattheywouldmeetagainsomeday.她希望將來(lái)有一天他們能再見面。①ReadingEnglishinthemorning______(benefit)yourEnglishlearning②I

_________

(finish)theworkinanhour.③Theplane

_________

(take)offat8:00a.m.④IhopedI

___________

(find)ajobsoon.1.benefits2.willfinish3.takes4.wouldfind5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式：主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）1、表示現(xiàn)在、目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Wearewaitingforyouattheschoolgatenow.我們現(xiàn)在正在校門口等你。TodaythenumberofpeoplelearningEnglishinChinaisincreasingrapidly.如今在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的人數(shù)正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。Wearemakingmodelplanesthesedays.這些天我們?cè)谧鲲w機(jī)模型。(此時(shí)此刻不一定在做)常與now,look,listen,these/thosedays,this/thatweek,atpresent等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)2.與always,forever,constantly、continually,allthetime等頻度副詞連用，表示某種感情，贊許，厭煩，不滿，同情等。Thelittleboyisalwaysthinkingofothers.（贊許）那個(gè)小男孩總是為他人著想。Heisalwaysmakingtroubleforhisfriends.（不滿）他總是給朋友們制造麻煩。Theboywascontinuallyaskingquestions.(厭煩)這個(gè)男孩頻繁地問(wèn)問(wèn)題.5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)3.不能使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：1、表示感情狀態(tài)：love,enjoy,like,hate,resent（怨恨）,prefer,admire,fear,adore等。2、表示感知，感覺(jué)：see,hear,taste,smell,appear,look,sound,feel,sound,等。3、表示理解，思考等心理活動(dòng)：wish,hope,want,need,remember,agree,doubt,know,believe,forget,understand等。4、表示存在的狀態(tài)：appear,lie(位于),exist,stay,remain,obtain（獲得）等。5、表示所屬關(guān)系：have,form（產(chǎn)生，形成）,belongto,own,possess,consistof（組成）等。1.Sorry,youcan’tusemycomputer.I_____________(use)itnow.2.I___________________(watch)TVwhenyourangmeup.3.Atthistimetomorrow,I_______________(sit)atthetable.3.willbesitting1.amusing2.waswatching6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:atthis/thattime+過(guò)去時(shí)間、at

10:00

last

night、thosedays、from...to...+過(guò)去時(shí)間（from

7:00

to

8:00

yesterday

morning）。

Iwasreadinganovelwhenyoucalledmelastnight.昨晚你給我打電話時(shí)，我正在看一本小說(shuō)。Hewasmakingalongdistancecallfromninetotenlastnight.昨晚九點(diǎn)到十點(diǎn)間他一直在打長(zhǎng)途電話。形式：was/were+doing1.Whenyouknockedonthedoor,I_______________abook.A.wastranslatingB.translatedC.translateD.translating2.He________________(play)tabletennisatfiveyesterdayafternoon.

wasplaying7.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃在將來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。常與atthistimenextweek、at...tomorrow、from...to...tomorrow等連用Thistimetomorrowweshallbeworkinginthatfactory.明天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我們將正在那個(gè)工廠干活。ThistimenextweekwewillbelyingonthebeachofSanya.下個(gè)星期的這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們將正躺在三亞的沙灘上。形式：主語(yǔ)+will+be+doing1.Iammakingamodelplane.I___________itinthescienceclassthistimetomorrowafternoon.A.willbeshowingB.amgoingtoshowC.showD.showed2.I___________________(do)myhomeworkat3tomorrowafternoon.3.We________________________(visit)theGreatWallthistimetomorrow.willbedoingwillbevisiting8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1、表示已經(jīng)做完某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：yet,ever

，already,just,before,recently,once,lately等。Thecompanyhasalreadyshed10000employees.公司已經(jīng)裁減了一萬(wàn)人。employer老板Ihavejustcopiedallthenewwords.我剛剛抄寫完所有的生詞。IhaveneverheardBonniesayanythingagainstyou.我從來(lái)沒(méi)聽過(guò)邦尼說(shuō)過(guò)你的壞話。形式：主語(yǔ)+have/hasdone（動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）I_________readingthebookyet,soIwon’treturnittothelibrary.A.willnotfinishB.didn’tfinishC.amnotfinishingD.haven’tfinished8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)This/That/Itisthe+

序數(shù)詞+time+(that)從句，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ItisthesecondtimethatJackhasmetthegirl.這是杰克第二次遇見那個(gè)女孩兒。Thisisthefirsttimethatthepaintinghasbeendisplayedtothepublic.這是這幅畫第一次向公眾展示。This/that/itisthebest/worst/most/only…(+adj)+n+(that)從句。ItisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過(guò)最有趣的電影。

see-saw-seenThisistheeasiestjobthatI’veeverhad.這是我做過(guò)最容易的工作。句型：havebeento去過(guò)（人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀﹉avegoneto去了（人還在當(dāng)?shù)兀㊣havebeentoTaiyuan(人不在太原）IhavegonetoTaiyuan(人在太原）

8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)8.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)2

、表示過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作或行為一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，而且還有可能延續(xù)下去。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：1：常和“for+時(shí)間段”或“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”連用，2：sofar（迄今為止）,uptonow,untilnow,(ever)since,foralongtime（長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)）,3：含有“最近幾年(天、周、世紀(jì)等)以來(lái)”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):duringthelastthreemonths、forthelastfewcenturies，for/in/overthepastfewyears,these(few)day/weeks/months/years。（1）Uptonow,wehaven’treceivedanynewsfromher.到目前為止，我們還沒(méi)有收到她的任何消息。（2）Ihavebeenverysadforthepastfewmonths.

在過(guò)去的幾個(gè)月里，我一直很傷心。(3)Hehaslearnedhowtodriveacarinthepastfewweeks.

在過(guò)去的幾周里他在學(xué)開車。1.We_______goodfriendssincewewereveryyoung.A.areB.havebeenC.wereD.hadbeen2.Allofmystudents________rapidprogressinthepastfewyears.A.makeB.aremakingC.madeD.havemade1.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher.I_____________(meet)herseveraltimes.2.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges____________

(take)placeinmyhometown.3.He____________(write)8bookssofar.4.Manywords_______________(add)tothedictionarysinceitwaspublished.5.Thisisthefirsttime(that)I__________

(come)here.6.Thisis____________(good)tea(that)Ihaveeverdrunk.Hehasgonetothezoo.他去動(dòng)物園了。Hehasgonetoliveabroad.他到國(guó)外居住了HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?你去過(guò)上海嗎Hehasbeentoseehisteacher.他去看過(guò)他老師了。(已經(jīng)回來(lái))havemethavetakenhaswrittenhavebeenaddedhavecomethebest9.過(guò)去完成時(shí)形式：主語(yǔ)+haddone（動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）1.表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某個(gè)動(dòng)作之前，已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作.句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

Ihadjustfinishedhalfoftheworkbyyesterday.TheyhadgoteverythingreadybeforeIcame.Shefoundthatshehadleftherluggageonthebus.2.表示從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一個(gè)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有:bythen,by/until/before/bytheendof+“表過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間”,bythattime、untilthen、bythetime+從句等Bytheendoflastyear，hehadlearnedEnglishfor3years.到去年為止,他已學(xué)了3年英語(yǔ)了。Untilthenhehadknownnothingaboutityet.到那時(shí)為止,他對(duì)此仍一無(wú)所知。過(guò)去的過(guò)去9.過(guò)去完成時(shí)3.think、hope,expect,mean,intend,want,suppose、plan表示打算，計(jì)劃，希望，試圖，認(rèn)為等含義的動(dòng)詞，用于過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示本打算，本希望等或者表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。Ihadplannedtobebacklastnight,butIdidn‘tcatchthetrain.

我本打算昨晚回來(lái)，但是我沒(méi)趕上火車。IhadhopedtoseemoreofShanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。(但未能如愿)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的句型：when和than從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí),且當(dāng)hardly，scarcely，nosooner置于句首時(shí)，其后要用部分倒裝。表示“剛剛……就……”“一……就……1、nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when,Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.=NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.Wehadnosoonerbeenseatedthanthebusstarted.＝Nosoonerhadwebeenseatedthanthebusstarted.2、在“That/It/Thiswasthefirst/second...time+that從句”句型中,that從句的謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.那是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。9.過(guò)去完成時(shí)9.過(guò)去完成時(shí)1.ShehadlearnedsomeEnglishbeforeshecametotheinstitute.2.Hesaidthathehadbeenabroadfor3years.3.Hardly/NosoonerhadIgothomewhen/thanthe

rainpoureddown.He____________（learn）2,000Englishwordsbytheendoflastyear.她在來(lái)這個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)前已學(xué)過(guò)一些英語(yǔ)了他說(shuō)他在國(guó)外待了3年。我剛到家,就下起了傾盆大雨。hadlearned10.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)形式：主語(yǔ)+have/hasbeendoing表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛結(jié)束，可能還要繼續(xù)下去，或者表示重復(fù)性動(dòng)作。常和allthemorning、allmonth、thesefewdays、recently、since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),for+一段時(shí)間連用。HehasbeenlearningEnglishfor6years.他學(xué)英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)6年了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour,buthestillhasn’tturnedup.我已經(jīng)等了一個(gè)小時(shí)，但他還沒(méi)有露面。IhavebeenspeakingtomyfriendsinPortuguesesinceIcamehere.自從我來(lái)到這里以來(lái)，我一直用葡萄牙語(yǔ)和朋友們說(shuō)話。Ithasbeenrainingfor3days.已經(jīng)下了三天雨了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話者“抱怨”的感情色彩)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的組合,因此,它既具備現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的特征,又具備現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特征,如:它具備進(jìn)行體的“未完性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩”的特點(diǎn)Thesecretary___________reportsalltheafternoon,buttherearestilltworeportstofinish.A.istypingB.hadtypedC.typedD.hasbeentyping1.I’msureyouwilldobetterinthetestbecauseyou___________(study)sohardthisyear.2.I______________________(read)Hemingway’sFarewell

to

Armsrecently.3.ThisiswhatI_________________(expect)sincemychildhood.havebeenstudying

havebeenreadinghavebeenexpecting11.將來(lái)完成時(shí)形式：主語(yǔ)+willhavedone（動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞）表示在將來(lái)某時(shí)之前或某動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。IwillhavefinishedthejobbynextFriday.到下周五我將已完成這項(xiàng)工作。Theywillhavegraduatedfromtheuniversitybeforenextyear.在明年之前他們將已從大學(xué)畢業(yè)。Iwillhavemovedintothenewhousebytheendofthisweek.到本周末之前，我將已搬進(jìn)新家。常與將來(lái)完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：by(thetime/theendof)+表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)和句子；before(theendof)+表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的詞語(yǔ)或句子；when,after等加上表示將來(lái)動(dòng)作的句子等。Theworkers______thenewprojectbytheendofthisyear.A.shallcompleteB.willhavecompletedC.havecompletedD.havebeencompleting(1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：①時(shí)間上有差異：凡有過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的均用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如含有ago，lastyear，justnow，theotherday等。②結(jié)果上有差異：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”的影響和結(jié)果，動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在剛完成或還在繼續(xù)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去”，和現(xiàn)在毫無(wú)關(guān)系。(2)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”；如果出現(xiàn)同一主語(yǔ)連續(xù)幾個(gè)動(dòng)作(“連謂”)，則只用一般過(guò)去時(shí)即可。返回注意幾組時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別1.Jack

___(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.

2.Janecan’tattendthemeetingat3o’clockthisafternoonbecauseshe

_____________(have)aclassatthattime.

3.I

(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel,andI’lltrytofinishitattheweekend.

4.—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn’shouse?—Notreally.She

(give)uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.

5.Heopenedhiseyes,putonhisclothesquicklyand