2022-2023學(xué)年河南省重點中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題（原卷版+ 解析版）

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年河南省重點中學(xué)高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試題（原卷版+解析版）2022-2023學(xué)年度（下）周口恒大中學(xué)高二期末考試

英語試題

考試時間：120分鐘；滿分：120分

注意事項：

1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息

2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上

第I卷（選擇題）

第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

FourGreatPersons

WolfgangAmadeusMozart(1756-1791)

BorninAustriain1756,Mozartwasthesonofasuccessfulmusician.Hewrotehisfirstpieceofpublishedmusicatfive.Withintheyear,hebeganplayingforthepublic,whichincludedatourofEuropewherepeopleadmiredtheyoungboy’stalent.Bythetimehewasateenager,Mozarthadwrittenseveraloperas.Hewroteover600piecesofmusicinhislifetime.

ShirleyTemple(1928-2023)

ShirleyTemplereceivedherfirstactingchanceattheageofthreeandstarredinCarolina,herfirstfilm,atsix.Shequicklycaughtattentionandby1940,shehadstarredin43films,includingBrightEyesforwhichshewonaspecialawardfor“OutstandingPersonality”.Asanadult,TemplebecameaUSdiplomat（外交官）fortheUnitedNations.

NkosiJohnson(1989-2023)

SouthAfricanNkosiJohnsonwasbornHIV-positive（攜帶艾滋病毒）.Hisstorycaughtthemedia’sattentionwhenhislocalpublicschoolrefusedtoadmithimbecauseofhiscondition.Soonhetraveledtheworld,tellinghisstorywhereverhecould,encouragingotherpatientstospeakout.Besides,hefoundedNokie’sHaven,asafeplaceforHIV-positivemothersandtheirchildren.In2023,hewasawardtheInternationalChildren’sPeacePrize.

AlexandraScott(1996-2023)

AlexandraScotthadcancerbeforeshecelebratedherfirstbirthday.Attheageoffour,shedecidedtoraisemoneyforotherchildrengoingthroughthesamething.Soshesetupalemonadestand（攤位）,whichinspiredotherstostartlemonadestands,too.Theyraisedover$1millionbeforeScottdiedofcancer.Herfamilycarriesonherlegacy(遺產(chǎn))throughAlex’sLemonadeStandFoundation,whichhasraisedover$150million.

1.Whochangedhis/hercareerpathwhenhe/shegrewup

A.WolfgangAmadeusMozart.B.ShirleyTemple

C.NkosiJohnsonD.AlexandarScott

2.WhathappenedtoNkosiJohnsonaccordingtothetext

A.HegotHIV-positivesoonafterhewasborn.

B.Hecaughtwideattentionforhisdisease.

C.Hewasoncerefusedbyschoolsforhisillness.

D.Hewasawardedaprizeforhishighgrades.

3.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourpersonsfromthetext

A.Theybecamewell-knownatanearlyage.

B.Theyhadahardtimewhentheywereachild.

C.Theybehavedkindlytootherpeopleasachild.

D.Theywerehardworkingwhentheywereyoung.

B

Imaginebeingabletoseeperfectlyinthedark.Thisdreamhasbecomearealitythankstoanewlydevelopedtechnology.Thistechnologyconsistsofathinfilmthatwillbeplacedonthelenses(鏡片)ofregularglasses,Thefilmisinexpensivetomake,easytoproduce,andislightweight.Itisactually100timesthinnerthanahair.Yet,despiteitstinysize,itsperformanceisimpressive;thisspecialfilmallowsyoutoseeinthedark.

Thistechnologyisabletotransforminfraredlight(紅外光),normallyinvisibletothehumaneye,andturnthisintoimagespeoplecanparedtoanimals,humanshaveveryimpoverishednightvision.Overtheyears,nightvisiondevices(設(shè)備)havebeendevelopedtohelpthemedical,industrial,andscientificworlds.Scientistsareabletostudynight-timeanimalsbyusinginfraredcameras,whilecompaniesuseinfraredimagingforfoodqualitycontrol.

Traditionalinfrareddevicesworkbydiscoveringthebeatofanobject.Theyuseacoolerinlowtemperatureandcanbeeasilyinfluencedbytheheatnoise.Suchshortcomingledtheteamintoexploringanimproveddevice.Theirnewdeviceisabletofunctionatroomtemperature.

Asthenewtechnologyisunlikethetraditionaldevices,ithasmanyfutureuses.Oncethisnewnightvisionisavailabletoall,itcouldsavelives.Driverswillbeabletoseebetteratnight,especiallywhendrivingonunlitroads.Policecanusethemwhensearchingatnight,andhikerswholosetheirwaycanfeelmoreconfidentwalkinginthedark.

Theinventorsareexcitedtomakethepracticalapplication.“Whilethisisthefirstexperiment,weareactivelyworkingtofurtheradvancethetechnology.Ofcourse,themanyusesareexcitingandseeinginthedarkopensupanewworldforall,”saidMohsenRahmani,leaddeveloperofthetechnology.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthefilmaccordingtothefirstparagraph

A.Itcostsalottomake.B.Itisdifficulttoproduce.

C.Ithelpsusseeinthedark.D.Itlookslikeregularglasses.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”inparagraph2mean

A.ClearB.Poor.C.Amazing.D.Effective.

6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthetechnologyinMohsen’swords

A.Itneedstobefurtherdeveloped

B.Ithasbeenavailabletocommonpeople.

C.Itisnotexcitingenoughtoscientists.

D.Ithasbecomeahitintheexperiment.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.ExcitingTechnologyMakestheInvisibleVisible

B.SeveralWaysMakePeopleSeeThingsMoreClearly

C.TheTechnologyIsDevelopingVeryQuickly

D.InfraredDevicesAreVeryUsefulIntheDark

C

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblackrhinocalf(犀牛幼崽).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobebornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinosareknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈養(yǎng)).

PaulBeerheadofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:“Obviouslywe’reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcomeanothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She’shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,Solio,isafirst-timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It’sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintotheopen,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup,Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploringandplayingeveryday.”

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst-timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme

A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.

9.WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.SheisingoodconditionD.Sheissensitivetoheat.

10.WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung

11.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

D

AroboticpolicedogisbeingusedtolookforhighbodytemperaturesinhomelesspeopleatatemporaryshelterinHawaii’scapital,Honolulu.TheeffortisonewaypublicsafetyagenciesarestartingtousethecommercialrobotSpot.Spotcanmovelikeananimalandcanwalkoveralmostanythingapersoncan.Butpeopleconcernedaboutprivacy（隱私）warnthatthepolicearequicklybuyingtherobotswithoutsafeguardsagainstmisuseandthatitmaybecomeadangertopeople’sprivacy.

InHonolulu,thepolicedepartmentspentabout$150,000inpandemic（疫情）admoneytobuytheirSpot.ItwasboughtfromBostonDynamicsforuseatagovernmenthomelessshelterneartheairporttolookforhighbodytemperaturesbetweenmealtimes.SupervisorJosephO’NealoftheHonoluluPoliceDepartmentsad,“Becausethesepeoplearehouseless,it’sconsideredOKtodothat.”TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmentstartedusingSpotafterpaintingitblueandrenamingit“Digidog”.However,SpotreceivedattentionandcriticismthatledthepolicedepartmenttoreturnDigidogto1tsmaker.

MichaelPerryisthevicepresidentofBostonDynamics.Hesandthecompany’susageguidelinesimpedetherobot’suseasaweapon.Itisalsonotsupposedtobeusedforanythingthatwouldgoagainstprivacyorcivilrightslaws.

Thereareabout500SpotrobotsInuse.Spotisstillmostlycontrolledbyhumans.AlltheoperatorshavetodoistellSpotwhichdirectiontogonandtcandealwithadifficultpath,likesteps.Itcanalsooperateonitsown,butonlyfithasmemorizedapathandtherearenotanysurprisesJongwookKim,thelegaldirectorattheAmericanCivilLibertiesUnionofHawaii,sandtheyareusedbycompaniestoinspectareaswithdangerouslevelsofelectricityandalsousedinbuildingsites,minesandfactories.Kimsandthattheremightbesomegoodusesforsuchmachinesbutopeningthedoorforpolicerobotstoworkwiththepublicisprobablynotagoodidea.

12.Whatdoesthepublicthinkoftheroboticpolicedog

A.It'sausefultool.B.Itcoststoomuch.

C.It'sariskymachine.D.Itcanguardagainstviolenceinpublic.

13.ForwhatpurposedidthepoliceInHonolulubuySpot

A.TocompetewithDigidog.B.Topickoutabnormalbodytemperatures.

C.Todelivermealstothehomeless.D.Todosomecleaningintheairport.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impede”inparagraph3probablymean

A.searchB.explain

CstopD.trade

15.WhatcanwelearnaboutSpotrobotsfromthelastparagraph

A.Theycanwalkdownsteps.B.Theycanbeusedinanyfield.

C.Theycandealwithunexpectedthings.D.Theycan’tperformtaskswithoutorders

第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)

根據(jù)下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Itcanbedifficulttostartahobby.Youmaynotknowwheretobeginoryoumayhavecomeacrossonethatneedsexpensiveequipment(裝備).____16____Itdoesn’tneedalotofmaterialsandisavailable(可獲得的)toyouinyourareatofindalow-costhobby,andpicksomethingthatisinterestingtoyou.

Beginacollection.Manydifferentcollectionscanbestartedwithlittleornocost.____17____Lookforrocks,plantleavesandflowers,orinsectsyoucankeep.Anotherwayistobegintocollectsomethinginyourhouse,suchassavingbottle-caps.

____18____YouTubecontainsvarietiesofmusicyoucanlistentoforfree.BesidesyoucandiscovermusicyoulikebyusingonlineradiostationsorservicesincludingPandoraandSpotify.Byexposing(使接觸)yourselftonewmusic,youcanturnmusicintoarelaxinghobbywithouthavingtobuyalbums.

Learnagame.Gamesarelikesportsandoftenbenefitfrombeingsharedinthecommunity.Gamegroupswilloftensupplyboardgamesatnocosttoyou.Inaddition,librariesandschoolsmayhavevideogamegroupsforchildrenandadults.Youcanalsoplayawidevarietyoffreeonlinegameswithpeoplearoundyou.____19____.

Ifthesethingsfailtoattractyou,askexpertsabouthowtobegin.Findhobbyistsandaskthosewhoareexperiencedinyourpossiblehobbyfortheleastcostofmaterialsyouneedtostart.____20____You’llbesurprisedthatyoudon'tneedasmuchequipmentasyouimagined.

A.Listentomusic.

B.Onewaytodothisistogooutside.

C.Askyourselfwhatyourfavoritemusicis.

D.Howandwheretofindonecollectionisuptoyou.

E.Usethesitetoseewhatgroupsareinyourarea.

FThetruthisthatmanyhobbiescanbestartedwithoutmuchmoney.

G.Thiswillhelpyoufigureoutwhetherornotahobbyfitsintoyourbudget(預(yù)算).

第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。

WhenLennonhadjustmovedtoLosAngeles,shemetCarla.Thetwoyoungwomen____21____theyhadsomethingincommon:Bothwere____22____withlifeafterloss.Lennon'smotherdiedoflungcancerthreeyearsagoandCarlahadjust____23____herfather.

Lennonalsometafewothersofheragewhoweregrieving(悲傷).Sheinvitedthemalloverfor____24____.Itwasanightof____25____,expressingthemselvestoeachotherandhealing.Eachguestleftwiththebeliefthattheyweren'talonetofeel____26____.

Aftermanymeals,LennonandCarlafoundedTheDinnerParty.It'sanonprofitorganizationoffering____27____andcaretothosewhohave____28____deeplossbyhostingdinnerparties.Sincethen,ithashelpedbringtogetherover13,000peopletohavemealsand____29____theirgrief.

Lennonlearnedthatthere'salmostno_____30_____ofdeathandgriefamongyoungadultslikeherjustbecausefewhaveexperiencedsuchloss,makingthosewhohavefeel_____31_____.Shefoundthatpeoplearemorelikelytoputdowntheir_____32_____andconnectoverasharedmeal.That'swheretheirhealingstarts.

Sofar,theorganizationhasgrownbyalmost3,000members.“Onetrendwe'veseeninthisisthatpeopleneedplatformsto_____33_____theyweren'tokay,”Lennonsays._____34_____,theCOVID-19putatemporaryendtodinnerparties.“Butitwasnota(n)_____35_____togrief.SoIhopethepartieswillcontinue.”

21.A.discoveredB.explainedC.announcedD.guessed

22.A.quarrelingB.agreeingC.strugglingD.exchanging

23.A.forgottenB.curedC.metD.lost

24.A.meetingB.dinnerC.breakfastD.activity

25.A.conversationB.sleepC.memoryD.laughter

26.A.energeticB.stupidC.sadD.sensitive

27.A.curiosityB.puzzleC.surpriseD.comfort

28.A.gonethroughB.takenoverC.pulleddownD.cheeredup

29.A.hideB.shareC.recordD.abandon

30.A.routineB.choiceC.preferenceD.discussion

31.A.respectedB.suspectedC.separatedD.cheated

32.A.conflictB.guardC.ambitionD.principle

33.A.decideB.meanC.supposeD.admit

34.A.UnfortunatelyB.EventuallyC.StrangelyD.Naturally

35.A.doubtB.encourageC.endD.sign

第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題共55分)

第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Thephrase“OnePersonCanMakeaDifference”isoneofthosesayingsthatgreatimportance____36____(attach)towhenweteachyoungsters—toencouragethemtodosomething____37____(significance),tohelpanotherperson,ortodreambigabout____38____theywillchangetheworld.

____39____adults,dowereallybelievethisIamwritingtotellyouthatindeed“onepersoncan”,becauseIknowonepersondidanactofkindness____40____changedmylifeandthelivesofmillionsmore.

Almost15yearsagowhile____41____(drive)acrosstown,Iwaslisteningtoaradiointerviewandheardaninspiringstoryof____42____(generous).AwomanhadcarriedintenwintercoatsthroughtheThanksgivingweekendcrowdsonmasstransportation____43____(donate)themattheOneWarmCoatdrive.Sheknewthecityhadmanypeopleinneed.

Shewasonlyoneperson,yetitwasheractionthatmademerealizethatmorepeoplewouldbeabletodonateifthereweremoredrop-offlocations.Inthepast15years,OneWarmCoat____44____(inspire)thedonationofover4millioncoatsacrossthecountry.AstheNationalFounder,Ifeelwarm,knowingthatweeacharecapableofmaking_____45_____realdifferenceinthelivesofthousandseachFallandWinter.

Sowhenyouwonder“willitreallymatter”Icantellyouthatitwill!

第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿分15分)

46.假定你是李華，你的英國網(wǎng)友Tom計劃下周來海南旅游，想請你推薦一家當(dāng)?shù)氐闹胁宛^。請你給他寫封信，內(nèi)容包括：

1．你推薦的中餐館；

2．推薦的理由。

要求：

1．詞數(shù)80左右；

2．可適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

47.閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

Haveyoueveracceptedothers’helpDoyourememberhimorherYoumayneverknowhowmucheachgesturemaymeantosomeone.Sometimesyoumaythinkyourhelpissosmall,butasamatteroffact,whatyoudoisofvitalsignificancetoothers.

Whenyoung,IworkedasanEnglishteacherinauniversity.Duringthesummervacation,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructoratahighschoolleadershipcampbyacollege.Havingbeenhighlyinvolvedinmanycampusactivities,Ijumpedattheopportunity.

Aboutanhourintothefirstdayofcamp,immersed(沉浸于)incommunicationsandinteractions,Inoticedtheboyinblackforthefirsttime.Smallandskinny,theboywasseatedalone,staringintospaceandhisobviousdiscomfortandshynessmadehimappearfragile.Thedesperatelonelinessherevealedalmoststoppedmefromapproachinghim,butIrememberedtheinstructionsfromtheseniorstaff-tostayalertforcamperswhomightfallleftout.

Icouldsensethathewasinanewworld,thatthiswholesurroundingsappearedforeigntohim.ButIsomehowknewitwouldn’tberighttopushhim,either.Thateveningatournightlystaffmeeting,Imademyconcernsabouthim,Iexplainedtomyfellowstaffmembersmyimpressionofhimandaskedthemtopayspecialattentionandspendtimewithhimwhentheycould.Inthemeantime,itstruckmethatIshoulddowhatIcouldtogivehimahand.Iarguedthatheneededafriend,onewhocouldsharehappinessandsorrowwithhim.Ihopedtobehisfriend,hisrealfriendtohelphimgothroughthechallengingperiod.

注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Anideaoccurredtomeabruptly.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Halfayearlater,Iheardfromhim.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022-2023學(xué)年度（下）周口恒大中學(xué)高二期末考試

英語試題

考試時間：120分鐘；滿分：120分

注意事項：

1．答題前填寫好自己的姓名、班級、考號等信息

2．請將答案正確填寫在答題卡上

第I卷（選擇題）

第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

FourGreatPersons

WolfgangAmadeusMozart(1756-1791)

BorninAustriain1756,Mozartwasthesonofasuccessfulmusician.Hewrotehisfirstpieceofpublishedmusicatfive.Withintheyear,hebeganplayingforthepublic,whichincludedatourofEuropewherepeopleadmiredtheyoungboy’stalent.Bythetimehewasateenager,Mozarthadwrittenseveraloperas.Hewroteover600piecesofmusicinhislifetime.

ShirleyTemple(1928-2023)

ShirleyTemplereceivedherfirstactingchanceattheageofthreeandstarredinCarolina,herfirstfilm,atsix.Shequicklycaughtattentionandby1940,shehadstarredin43films,includingBrightEyesforwhichshewonaspecialawardfor“OutstandingPersonality”.Asanadult,TemplebecameaUSdiplomat（外交官）fortheUnitedNations.

NkosiJohnson(1989-2023)

SouthAfricanNkosiJohnsonwasbornHIV-positive（攜帶艾滋病毒）.Hisstorycaughtthemedia’sattentionwhenhislocalpublicschoolrefusedtoadmithimbecauseofhiscondition.Soonhetraveledtheworld,tellinghisstorywhereverhecould,encouragingotherpatientstospeakout.Besides,hefoundedNokie’sHaven,asafeplaceforHIV-positivemothersandtheirchildren.In2023,hewasawardtheInternationalChildren’sPeacePrize.

AlexandraScott(1996-2023)

AlexandraScotthadcancerbeforeshecelebratedherfirstbirthday.Attheageoffour,shedecidedtoraisemoneyforotherchildrengoingthroughthesamething.Soshesetupalemonadestand（攤位）,whichinspiredotherstostartlemonadestands,too.Theyraisedover$1millionbeforeScottdiedofcancer.Herfamilycarriesonherlegacy(遺產(chǎn))throughAlex’sLemonadeStandFoundation,whichhasraisedover$150million.

1.Whochangedhis/hercareerpathwhenhe/shegrewup

A.WolfgangAmadeusMozart.B.ShirleyTemple

C.NkosiJohnsonD.AlexandarScott

2.WhathappenedtoNkosiJohnsonaccordingtothetext

A.HegotHIV-positivesoonafterhewasborn.

B.Hecaughtwideattentionforhisdisease.

C.Hewasoncerefusedbyschoolsforhisillness.

D.Hewasawardedaprizeforhishighgrades.

3.Whatcanweknowaboutthefourpersonsfromthetext

A.Theybecamewell-knownatanearlyage.

B.Theyhadahardtimewhentheywereachild.

C.Theybehavedkindlytootherpeopleasachild.

D.Theywerehardworkingwhentheywereyoung.

【答案】1.B2.C3.A

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章描述了四個偉大的人物以及他們做出的貢獻。

【1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對ShirleyTemple的介紹內(nèi)容“ShirleyTemplereceivedherfirstactingchanceattheageofthreeandstarredinCarolina,herfirstfilm,atsix.Shequicklycaughtattentionandby1940,shehadstarredin43films,includingBrightEyesforwhichshewonaspecialawardfor“OutstandingPersonality”.Asanadult,TemplebecameaUSdiplomat(外交官)fortheUnitedNations.”（秀蘭·鄧波兒在三歲時獲得了她的第一次表演機會，六歲時主演了她的第一部電影《卡羅萊納》。到1940年，她已經(jīng)主演了43部電影，包括《亮眼睛》，并因此獲得了“杰出人物”特別獎。成年后，鄧波兒成為米國駐聯(lián)合國外交官。）可知，秀蘭.鄧波爾在長大后的職業(yè)由演員變成了外交官。故選B項。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對NkosiJohnson的介紹內(nèi)容“SouthAfricanNkosiJohnsonwasbornHIV-positive(攜帶艾滋病毒).Hisstorycaughtthemedia’sattentionwhenhislocalpublicschoolrefusedtoadmithimbecauseofhiscondition.”（南非的恩科西·約翰遜（NkosiJohnson）出生時患有HIV陽性。當(dāng)他的當(dāng)?shù)毓W(xué)校因他的病情而拒絕錄取他的時候，他的故事引起了媒體的注意。）可知，NkosiJohnson因為艾滋病曾今被學(xué)校拒絕入學(xué)過。故選C項。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。通讀全文WolfgangAmadeusMozart的描述“Hewrotehisfirstpieceofpublishedmusicatfive.Withintheyear,hebeganplayingforthepublic,whichincludedatourofEuropewherepeopleadmiredtheyoungboy’stalent.Bythetimehewasateenager,Mozarthadwrittenseveraloperas.Hewroteover600piecesofmusicinhislifetime.”（他五歲時寫了他的第一首已出版的音樂作品。在這一年里，他開始為公眾演奏，包括歐洲巡演，那里的人們欽佩這個年輕男孩的天賦。莫扎特十幾歲時就寫了好幾部歌劇。他一生創(chuàng)作了600多首音樂作品。）；對ShirleyTemple的描述“ShirleyTemplereceivedherfirstactingchanceattheageofthreeandstarredinCarolina,herfirstfilm,atsix.Shequicklycaughtattentionandby1940,shehadstarredin43films,includingBrightEyesforwhichshewonaspecialawardfor“OutstandingPersonality”.”（秀蘭·鄧波兒在三歲時獲得了她的第一次表演機會，六歲時主演了她的第一部電影《卡羅萊納》。到1940年，她已經(jīng)主演了43部電影，包括《亮眼睛》，并因此獲得了“杰出人物”特別獎。）；對NkosiJohnson的描述“Soonhetraveledtheworld,tellinghisstorywhereverhecould,encouragingotherpatientstospeakout.Besides,hefoundedNokie’sHaven,asafeplaceforHIV-positivemothersandtheirchildren.In2023,hewasawardtheInternationalChildren’sPeacePrize.”（不久，他周游世界，盡可能地把自己的故事講給所有人聽，并鼓勵其他病人大聲說出自己的故事。此外，他創(chuàng)建了Nokie'sHaven，一個為艾滋病毒陽性的母親和她們的孩子提供安全的地方。2023年，他獲得了國際兒童和平獎。）以及對AlexandraScott的描述“Attheageoffour,shedecidedtoraisemoneyforotherchildrengoingthroughthesamething.Soshesetupalemonadestand(攤位),whichinspiredotherstostartlemonadestands,too.Theyraisedover$1millionbeforeScottdiedofcancer.Herfamilycarriesonherlegacy(遺產(chǎn))throughAlex’sLemonadeStandFoundation,whichhasraisedover$150million.”（四歲時，她決定為其他經(jīng)歷同樣事情的孩子籌集資金。于是，她擺起了一個檸檬水小攤，這激發(fā)了其他人也開始擺起檸檬水小攤。在斯科特死于癌癥之前，他們籌集了100多萬美元。她的家族通過亞歷克斯的檸檬水?dāng)偦饡^承了她的遺產(chǎn)，該基金會已經(jīng)籌集了超過1.5億美元。）可知，文章提到的四位名人的共同點是他們很小的時候就出名了。故選A項。

B

Imaginebeingabletoseeperfectlyinthedark.Thisdreamhasbecomearealitythankstoanewlydevelopedtechnology.Thistechnologyconsistsofathinfilmthatwillbeplacedonthelenses(鏡片)ofregularglasses,Thefilmisinexpensivetomake,easytoproduce,andislightweight.Itisactually100timesthinnerthanahair.Yet,despiteitstinysize,itsperformanceisimpressive;thisspecialfilmallowsyoutoseeinthedark.

Thistechnologyisabletotransforminfraredlight(紅外光),normallyinvisibletothehumaneye,andturnthisintoimagespeoplecanparedtoanimals,humanshaveveryimpoverishednightvision.Overtheyears,nightvisiondevices(設(shè)備)havebeendevelopedtohelpthemedical,industrial,andscientificworlds.Scientistsareabletostudynight-timeanimalsbyusinginfraredcameras,whilecompaniesuseinfraredimagingforfoodqualitycontrol.

Traditionalinfrareddevicesworkbydiscoveringthebeatofanobject.Theyuseacoolerinlowtemperatureandcanbeeasilyinfluencedbytheheatnoise.Suchshortcomingledtheteamintoexploringanimproveddevice.Theirnewdeviceisabletofunctionatroomtemperature.

Asthenewtechnologyisunlikethetraditionaldevices,ithasmanyfutureuses.Oncethisnewnightvisionisavailabletoall,itcouldsavelives.Driverswillbeabletoseebetteratnight,especiallywhendrivingonunlitroads.Policecanusethemwhensearchingatnight,andhikerswholosetheirwaycanfeelmoreconfidentwalkinginthedark.

Theinventorsareexcitedtomakethepracticalapplication.“Whilethisisthefirstexperiment,weareactivelyworkingtofurtheradvancethetechnology.Ofcourse,themanyusesareexcitingandseeinginthedarkopensupanewworldforall,”saidMohsenRahmani,leaddeveloperofthetechnology.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthefilmaccordingtothefirstparagraph

A.Itcostsalottomake.B.Itisdifficulttoproduce.

C.Ithelpsusseeinthedark.D.Itlookslikeregularglasses.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impoverished”inparagraph2mean

A.ClearB.Poor.C.Amazing.D.Effective.

6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthetechnologyinMohsen’swords

A.Itneedstobefurtherdeveloped

B.Ithasbeenavailabletocommonpeople.

C.Itisnotexcitingenoughtoscientists.

D.Ithasbecomeahitintheexperiment.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext

A.ExcitingTechnologyMakestheInvisibleVisible

B.SeveralWaysMakePeopleSeeThingsMoreClearly

C.TheTechnologyIsDevelopingVeryQuickly

D.InfraredDevicesAreVeryUsefulIntheDark

【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】文章介紹了一種新科技，這種新科技能夠?qū)⑼ǔＧ闆r下人們所看不到的紅外光轉(zhuǎn)化為人們能看到的物象。在這種新科技的幫助下，人們可以在黑暗中視物良好。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句話“Yet,despiteitstinysize,itsperformanceisimpressive;thisspecialfilmallowsyoutoseeinthedark.”(然而，盡管它體積很小，但它的表現(xiàn)卻令人印象深刻，這種特殊的薄膜能夠讓你在黑暗中看到東西。)可知這種薄膜能夠幫助人們在黑暗中看到東西。故選C項。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段的第一句話“Thistechnologyisabletotransforminfraredlight(紅外光),normallyinvisibletothehumaneye,andturnthisintoimagespeoplecansee.”(這種新科技能夠?qū)⑼ǔＧ闆r下人們所看不到的紅外光轉(zhuǎn)化為人們能看到的