被動(dòng)語態(tài)-英語語法

PassiveVoice被動(dòng)語態(tài)

主動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是謂語的執(zhí)行者

被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語是謂語的受者We

hold

ourclassmeetingonceaweek.Ourclassmeeting

isheldonceaweek.Form:主語+be+done（及物動(dòng)詞）sVt.O.S.Vt.用法：1、所要說的重點(diǎn)只在動(dòng)作和動(dòng)作的承受者，對(duì)于動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者并無興趣。Thisbuildingwasbuiltabouttwohundredyearsago.2、不知道動(dòng)作者是誰，或不愿意說出。Iwastoldthatyouspokeillofmebehindmyback.3、動(dòng)作者為大家所熟知，沒必要說出。Anewpubliclibraryisbeingbuilthere.4、無特定的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者。EnglishisspokeninAustralia.5、為了避免更換主語而用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Thepresidentloveshispeopleandislovedbythem.6、不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。happen,takeplace,belongto,spread,breakout,addto,addupto,rise,lie,occur,etc.prove,fit,suit,cost,weigh,resemble,resemble,及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)7、vt.+doubleobject(雙賓語)

謂語動(dòng)詞give,hand,show,tell,buy,ask,pass,write,do,offer,pay,answer,sell,send,etcMyfathergavemeawatch.Iwasgivenawatchbymyfather.Awatchwasgivento

mebymyfather.Mymotherboughtmeanewdress.Iwasboughtanewdressbymymother.Anewdresswasboughtformebymymother.8、vt.+o.+o.c.(賓補(bǔ))TheycallmeXiaoWang.IamcalledXiaoWang.make/let/see/hear/watchsb.dosth.sb.bemade/let/seen/heard/watchedtodosth.Theymademewaithere.Iwasmadetowaithere.Ioftenhearhimsingthatsong.Heisoftenheardtosingthatsong.9、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+bedoneCanyoufinishitintwohours?Canitbefinishedintwohours?Youmaydoitlater.Itmaybedonelater.Youshouldhavefinishedyourhomework!Yourhomeworkshouldhavebeenfinished.10、含短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，必須保留介詞或副詞。Thenursestookgoodcareofthepatients.Thepatientsweretakengoodcareof.Sheislaughingatme.Iambeinglaughedat.Youmustpayattentiontotheproblem.Theproblemmustbepaidattentionto.11、有些動(dòng)詞，如need,want,require,bear,beworth+doing表被動(dòng)含義=~+tobedone。Thebookisworthreading.=Thebookisworthytobeseen.Thewindowsneedcleaning.=Thewindowsneedtobecleaned.Thischairwantsrepairing.=Thischairwantstoberepaired.Thebabyneedtakingcareof.=Thebabyneedtobetakencareof.12、有些及物動(dòng)詞，如clean,lock,open,print,read,sell,wear,write,wash等加上表程度與方式的副詞，表示被動(dòng)含義。ThissortofTVsetsellswellinourshop.Thispenwritessmoothly.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.Thedoorwon’topen.（門打不開）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,may,will,would后接及物動(dòng)詞可表被動(dòng)意義Goodleathercanwearforyears.優(yōu)質(zhì)皮革能穿數(shù)年.13、不定式置于名詞后，不定式主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)，前面的名詞作不定式短語的邏輯賓語。Ihavealotofthingstodo.Thereisnotimetolose.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Hehasalittlebabytotakecareof.14、形容詞easy,difficult,hard,light,good,nice,bad,dangerous,fit,comfortable,expensive,dear,cheap后動(dòng)詞不定式主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。Thisboxisheavytocarry.=Itisheavytocarrythisbox.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.=Itisdifficulttoanswerthequestion.Thewineistoostrongtodrink.Thechairiscomfortabletositin.Theiceishardenou