全新版大學英語綜合教程第四冊-Unit-2省名師優(yōu)質(zhì)課賽課獲獎課件市賽課百校聯(lián)賽優(yōu)質(zhì)課一等獎課件

Unit2

SmartCars1/88Automobile

(美)各種機動車總稱Vehicle交通工具，車Car

(英)尤指小轎車

(美)小轎車，四輪馬車2/88TypesofAutomobileConvertible

敞篷雙門轎跑車SUV-SportsUtilityVehicle

多功效運動車Off-roadvehicle

越野車SportsCoupe

硬頂跑車3/88MPV-Multi-PurposeVehicle多功效車Classicalcar

老爺車RecreationalCar

房車ConceptualCar

概念車Pick-up皮卡(小卡車)4/88AutomobileBrandsFerrariCitreoenPeugeotMitsubishiHondaToyotaPorscheChevroletVolkswagenFordBuickLamborghiniRollsRoyceBMW-BavarianMotorWorks寶馬Jaguar捷豹Benz飛馳Hummer悍馬

(原意為“蜂鳥”，悍馬多數(shù)為大型吉普車、房車)Cadillac凱迪拉克

theCadillacofsth一流，最好，頂級5/88Howmuchdoyouknowaboutsmartcars?6/88Warm-updiscussionWhatdoyouimagineasmartcarcando?talktothedriver?driveonitsown?warnthedriverofdangers?locatethecar?sensethedrivingconditionsnearby?7/88SmartisshortforSwatchMercedesART.

2.Smartcarisavehicleequippedwithmultimediadigitalsystems,suchassensors,in-carnavigationalsystems,GlobalPositioningSystems,smallradarstomakedrivingsafeandfast,soit’sversatile.3.Itisanapplicationofartificialintelligenceinvehicles.4.ItplaysanimportantroleinIntelligentTransportSystems(ITS).8/889/8810/8811/88Termsofsmartcars:sensor(L10)monitor(L24)bumper(L25)dashboard(L33)orbitingsatellite(L40)receiver(L49)navigation(L53)microchip(L56)radiotransmitter(L65)rear-viewmirror傳感器監(jiān)控保險杠儀表板沿軌道運行衛(wèi)星(信號)接收器導航微芯片無線電信號發(fā)射機后視鏡12/88Termsofroads:Highway(L63):ExpresswayUnderground/subwayLightrail(elevatedrailway)Inner-ringroadOuter-ringroadElevatedroad;viaductOver-passMag-levtrain:Magneticallylevitatedtrain公路，國道高速公路高架天橋13/88PartDivisionoftheTextPartsParaMainIdeas11-324-9310-13TheprospectoffuturesmartcarsFeaturesoffuturesmartcarsThebuildingofsmarthighways14/88GlobalReadingPartsMainIdeasPara1Para2Para3Pare4Para5TheeffectsofthecomputerrevolutiononcarsThestatusoftheautomobileindustryKeytotomorrow’s“smartcar”Monitoringthedriver’sstate(alcoholic)Monitoringthedrivingconditions15/88GlobalReadingPartsMainIdeasPara6Para7Para8Para9Para10Monitoringthedriver’sstate(sleepy)Locatingtheposition,warningyouofjamsCountingthedistanceSmartcarsinJapanThevastapplicationofGPSinthefuture16/88GlobalReadingPartsMainIdeasPara11Para12Para13BuildingofsmarthighwaysAutomateddriverProspectoftelematics17/88TheIntroductoryParagraphSmartcarsthatcansee,hear,feel,smell,andtalk?Anddriveontheirown?Thismaysoundlikeadream,butthecomputerrevolutionissetto

turnitintoareality.be(all)setforsth./todosth.:bequiteready18/88Part1QuestionsHowimportantwastheautomobileindustryinthetwentiethcentury?Whatwillhappentocarsandroadsinthetwenty-firstcentury?Whatisthecrucialelementofthefuturesmartcars?19/88Part1(Paras1~3)Mainidea:Computertechnologywillhaveadramaticimpacton________and_________inthe21stcentury.carshighways20/88

1.Eventheautomobileindustry,whichhasremainedlargelyunchangedforthelastseventyyears,isabouttofeeltheeffectsofthecomputerrevolution.2.Theautomobileindustryranksasamongthemostlucrativeandpowerfulindustriesofthetwentiethcentury.Therearepresently500millioncarsonearth,oronecarforeverytenpeople.Salesoftheautomobileindustrystandataboutatrilliondollars,makingittheworld’sbiggestmanufacturingindustry.21/88

3.Thecar,andtheroadsittravelson,willberevolutionizedinthetwenty-firstcentury.Thekeytotomorrow’s“smartcars”willbesensors.“We’llseevehiclesandroadsthatseeandhearandfeelandsmellandtalkandact,”predictsBillSpreitzer,technicaldirectorofGeneralMotorsCorporation’sITSprogram,whichisdesigningthesmartcarandroadofthefuture.PartI(p1~3)--Theimpactofnewtechnologyoncarsandhighwaysoffuture22/88Part2TrueorFalse1.Therearesomanypeoplekilledinthecaraccidentsthatcaraccidentsreportscanbefoundinnewspapernearlyeveryday.2.Asmartcarcanalertthedriverifhebecomesdrowsy.3.Thecomputerinthecarwilltotallyeliminatethecasesofgettinglostandgettingstuckintraffic.FTF23/88Part2TrueorFalse4.Thecomputerinthecarsendsoutaradiosignalthatcanbedetectedbyasatellite.5.Byestablishingtherelationbetweentherotationsinthesteeringwheelandthecar’spositiononamap,thecomputercantelluswherethecaris.FT24/88Part2(Paras4~9)

Mainidea:featuresoffuturesmartcars1._________mostcaraccidents(para4)2._________thepoliceifthecarisstolen(para4)3._________one’sdrivingandthedrivingconditionsnearby(para5)4.alertthedriverwhofeels_________(para6)5._________thecarpreciselyand_________trafficjams.(para7)eliminatealertmonitorsleepylocatewarnof25/88Part2Termsinquotationmarksorwithcapitalizedfirstletters

“blindspot”(L27)

aportionoftheroadbehindacar,whichadrivercan’tobservefromtherear-viewmirrorGlobalPositioningSystem(L42)aservicelinkedwithasatellite“atomicclock”(L46)Itvibratesataprecisefrequency,accordingtothelawsofthequantumtheory.26/88

4.

Approximately40,000peoplearekilledeachyearintheUnitedStatesintrafficaccidents.Thenumberofpeoplethatarekilledorbadlyinjuredincaraccidentsissovastthatwedon’tevenbothertomentiontheminthenewspapersanymore.Whatisthemainideaofthethirdandtheforthparagraphs?27/885.Smartcarshavealreadybeenbuiltwhichcanmonitorone’sdrivingandthedrivingconditionsnearby.Smallradarshiddeninthebumperscanscanfornearbycars.Shouldyoumakeaseriousdrivingmistake(e.g.,changelaneswhenthereisacarinyour“blindspot”)thecomputerwouldsoundanimmediatewarning.Fullyhalfofthesefatalitiescomefromdrunkdrivers,andmanyothersfromcarelessness.Asmartcarcouldeliminatemostofthesecaraccidents.Itcansenseifadriverisdrunkviaelectronicsensorsthatcanpickupalcoholvaporintheair,andrefusetostartuptheengine.Thecarcouldalsoalertthepoliceandprovideitspreciselocationifitisstolen.Whatisthemainideaofthefifthparagraph?fatal–fatalitymortal-mortality28/88

6.AttheMITMediaLab,aprototypeisalreadybeingbuiltwhichwilldeterminehowsleepyyouareasyoudrive,whichisespeciallyimportantforlong-distancetruckdrivers.Themonotonous,almosthypnoticprocessofstaringatthecenterdividerforlonghoursisagrosslyunderestimated,life-threateninghazard.Toeliminatethis,atinycamerahiddeninthedashboardcanbetrainedonadriver’sfaceandeyes.Ifthedriver’seyelidscloseforacertainlengthoftimeandhisorherdrivingbecomeserratic,acomputerinthedashboardcouldalertthedriver.Whatisthemainideaofthesixthparagraph?29/887.Twoofthemostfrustratingthingsaboutdrivingacararegettinglostandgettingstuckintraffic.Whilethecomputerrevolutionisunlikelytocuretheseproblems,itwillhaveapositiveimpact.Sensorsinyourcartunedtoradiosignalsfromorbitingsatellitescanlocateyourcarpreciselyatanymomentandwarnoftrafficjams.

Wealreadyhavetwenty-fourNavstarsatellitesorbitingtheearth,makingupwhatiscalledtheGlobalPositioningSystem.Theymakeitpossibletodetermineyourlocationontheearthtowithinaboutahundredfeet.Whatisthemainideaoftheseventhparagraph?30/88Atanygiventime,thereareseveralGPSsatellitesorbitingoverheadatadistanceofabout11,000miles.Eachsatellitecontainsfour“atomicclocks,”whichvibrateataprecisefrequency,accordingtothelawsofthequantumtheory.8.Asasatellitepassesoverhead,itsendsoutaradiosignalthatcanbedetectedbyareceiverinacar’scomputer.Thecar’scomputercanthencalculatehowfarthesatelliteisbymeasuringhowlongittookforthesignaltoarrive.Sincethespeedoflightiswellknown,anydelayinreceivingthesatellite’ssignalcanbeconvertedintoadistance.Whatisthemainideaoftheeighthparagraph?量子理論31/889.InJapantherearealreadyoveramillioncarswithsometypeofnavigationalcapability.(Someofthemlocateacar’spositionbycorrelating

therotationsinthesteeringwheeltoitspositiononamap.)Whatisthemainideaoftheninthandtenthparagraphs?ThedetailedinformationoftheimpactofnewtechnologyoncarsFuturecarswillhelpeliminatetrafficaccidents,determinedtheirownpreciselocationswarnoftrafficjam32/88Part3SummarizemainideasofparagraphsPara10Para11Para12Para13TheprospectsforapplicationsofGPS.Theeventualgoalof“telematics”istoputsmartcarsonsmarthighways.Whatisan“automateddriver”?Thehopespromotersofthesmarthighwayhaveforitsfuture.33/88Part3(Paras10~13)Mainidea:_________and____________willmakeitpossibletobuildsmarthighways.GPStelematics34/88Part3Termsinquotationmarksorwithcapitalizedfirstletters“telematics”(L62)

tele--distantmatics--informaticsabranchofknowledgeconcernedwithlong-distancetransmission“automateddriver”(L69)Theplancallsforcomputers,aidedby……controlledbycomputer.35/88Part3(Paras10~13)Para10L57Whatdoes“thecommercialindustry”referto?ItreferstotheindustrytowhichGPSisappliedcommercially.Paraphrasethesentence“Thecommercialindustry…”Thecommercialindustryisboundtodeveloprapidlyandbeprosperous.36/8810.

Withthepriceofmicrochipsdroppingsodrastically,futureapplicationsofGPSarevirtuallylimitless.“Thecommercialindustryispoisedtoexplode,”saysRandyHoffmanofMagellanSystemsCorp.,whichmanufacturesnavigationalsystems.BlindindividualscoulduseGPSsensorsinwalkingsticks,airplanescouldlandbyremotecontrol,hikerswillbeabletolocatetheirpositioninthewoods—thelistofpotentialusesisendless.Whatisthemainideaoftheninthandtenthparagraphs?37/8811.GPSisactuallybutpartofalargermovement,called“telematics,”whichwilleventuallyattempttoputsmartcarsonsmarthighways.PrototypesofsuchhighwaysalreadyexistinEurope,andexperimentsarebeingmadeinCaliforniatomountcomputerchips,sensors,andradiotransmittersonhighwaystoalertcarstotrafficjamsandobstructions.12.

Onaneight-milestretchofInterstate15tenmilesnorthofSanDiego,

trafficengineersareinstallinganMIT-designedsystemwhichwillintroducethe“automateddriver.”Theplancallsforcomputers,aidedbythousandsofthree-inchmagneticspikesburiedinthehighway,totakecompletecontrolofthedrivingofcarsonheavilytraffickedroads.Carswillbebunchedintogroupsoftentotwelvevehicles,onlysixfeetapart,travelinginunison,andcontrolledbycomputer.Whatisthemainideaoftheeleventhandtwelfthparagraphs?38/8813.Promotersofthiscomputerizedhighwayhavegreathopesforitsfuture.By,telematicsmaywellbe

incorporated

intooneofthemajorhighwaysintheUnitedStates.

Ifsuccessful,by,asthepriceofmicrochipsdropstobelowapennyapiece,telematicscouldbeadoptedinthousandsofmilesofhighwaysintheUnitedStates.Thiscouldprovetobeanenvironmentalboonaswell,savingfuel,reducingtrafficjams,decreasingairpollution,andservingasanalternativetohighwayexpansion.Whatisthemainideaofthethirteenthparagraph?Theimpactofnewtechnologyonhighways39/88Analyzethestructureofthissentence.

“Should”isoftenusedinsubordinateclausesafter“if”--itmakesaneventsoundlessprobable.IfyoushouldseeHarry,givehimmyregards.(Youmightseehim.)InBritishEnglish,thestructure“if+subject+should+verb”isoftenreplacedby“Should+subject+verb”.ShouldyouseeHarry,givehimmyregards.40/88Youmustbefamiliarwiththeword“train”,buthowdoyouunderstandthewordinthissentence?

Here

“train”

meanstofocusonoraimat.41/88Paraphrasethissentence.Therearesensorsinthecarandtheyaretunedtoradiosignalswhichcomefromorbitingsatellites.Thesensorscanlocatethecarandwarnoftrafficjams.42/88TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.經(jīng)過這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100英尺誤差確定你在地球上方位。43/88Explainhowthenavigationalfacilitieshelplocatethecar’sposition.

Theylocatethecar’spositionbyestablishingtherelationbetweentherotationsinthewheelandthecar’spositiononamap.44/881.Whatdoes“thecommercialindustry”referto?ItreferstotheindustrytowhichGPSisappliedcommercially.2.Paraphrasethesentence.Thecommercialindustryisboundtodeveloprapidlyandbeprosperous.45/881.

HowmuchdoyouknowabouttheInterstateintheU.S.?InterstateisoneofasystemofhighwaysextendingbetweenandconnectingthemajorcitiesoftheUnitedStates.2.

Whatdoes“stretch”mean?Itmeansacontinuousorunbrokenlength.3.TranslatethispartintoChinese.在圣迭戈以北10英里15號州際公路一段8英里長路面上……46/881.Paraphrasethestructure“maywellbe…”isverylikelythat

…2.TranslatethissentenceintoChinese.到，遠程信息技術(shù)很可能應用于美國一條主要公路。47/88rank(L4)v.

putorarrangeinarank;haveaplace位列

rankamong/as

屬于…之列，列在…當中Heranksamongourgreatestwriters.

他躋身于我們最偉大作家之列。倫敦可算是世界最大城市之一。Londonranksasoneoftheworld’slargestcities.WordsandPhrases48/88lucrative(L4)

adj.producingmuchmoney;profitable有利；盈利

alucrativeincome

一筆利潤收入alucrativemarketingstrategy

一套贏利市場策略我們和一家美國企業(yè)做大米進口生意，賺了些錢。WemadealucrativebusinesswiththeAmericancompanyonriceimports.49/88Howdoyouunderstandtheword“stand”?“Stand”isusedtoshowaparticularleveloramount.

Forexample:Inflationcurrentlystandsatninepercent.Yourbankbalancestandsat$460.

2.

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.汽車工業(yè)銷售額達一萬億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大制造業(yè)。50/88manufacture:vt.1)makegoodsonalargescaleusingmachineryThisfirmmanufacturescars.在工廠制造產(chǎn)品

tomanufacturegoodsinafactory2)invent;makeupYou’llhavetomanufacturesomekindofexcuse.她編了一段謊話來掩蓋事實。

Shemanufacturedafalsestorytohidethefacts.51/88manufacture&make

這兩個詞都是動詞，都有制造之意。Manufacture使用范圍較窄，既可指經(jīng)過使用工業(yè)機械，亦指粗制濫造以一個機械方式創(chuàng)作、制作或完成。比如：Hisbooksseemtohavebeenmanufacturedratherthancomposed.他作品像是被機器加工出，而不是創(chuàng)作。Make

通用且非正式，可用于全部制造過程。比如：Hemadeamodelplaneoutofwood.他用木頭做了一架模型飛機。52/88revolutionize(L9)v.

changeinadramaticway-ize:suffixforaverb

(usu.…化）當代化全球化城市化工業(yè)化系統(tǒng)化modernizeglobalizeurbanizeindustrializesystemize53/88Paraphrasethesentenceandpayattentiontothestructure“thekeytosth.”

Thecrucialelementofthefuturesmartcarswillbesensors.eg.findthekeytothequestionDietisthekeytogoodheath.54/88approximately:fairlycorrectoraccuratebutnotcompletelyso

Thecaraccidenthappenedatapproximately7:45a.m.approximateadj.近乎準確;近似;大約Theapproximatenumberofdemonstratorsinfrontofthemunicipalofficebuildingwas900.anapproximateanalysis

大約分析beapproximateto

近似,約計55/88eliminate:

vt.remove,esp.sb./sth.thatisnotwantedorneeded;

getridofusedinthepatterns:eliminatesth.;eliminatesth.fromsth.)毀滅；消除

Pattern:eliminatesth.(fromsth.)

eliminateilliteracy/povertyCanweevereliminatehungerfromtheworldoneday?

她已被取消了參加游泳比賽資格。

Shehasbeeneliminatedfromtheswimmingrace.

56/88intheair:intheearth’satmosphere;uncertain,notyetdecided在空中,懸而未決,在流傳中,不設防空氣中有股怪味。Thereisastrangesmellintheair.四處充滿了春天氣息。Springisintheair.我們計劃還未確定。Ourplansarestillintheair.Cf.ontheair

offtheair

putonairs

57/88startup:beginorbeginworking,running,happening,etc.Putthekeyintheignitionandturnittostartthecarup.瑪麗發(fā)動引擎，向她故鄉(xiāng)駛?cè)?。Marystarteduptheengineanddroveforherhometown.58/88alert(L22)

vt.warnsb.thattheremaybedanger,trouble,etc.

Pattern:alertsb.tosth.Thedoctoralertedmetothedangersofsmoking.

adj.attentive;watchfulPattern:bealerttoWildanimalsarealerttohumanbeings.

n.aconditionorperiodofheightenedwatchfulnessor

preparationforaction

Pattern:beonthealertThehuntersareonthealertforwolves.59/88CF:alert&attentivealert指思維靈敏而高度集中，注意著可能發(fā)生事件，尤其是危險、恐怖事件，并快速做出反應。比如：

Ahunting-dogmustbealert.

獵犬必須很機敏。

attentive

強調(diào)能夠把注意力集中于某事上而不分心、不走神。比如：Iwishyouwouldbemoreattentivetowhatyourteacherhastoldyou.

希望你能多注意老師對你說話。60/883.n.aconditionorperiodofheightenedwatchfulnessor

preparationforaction

Pattern:

onthealertThehuntersareonthealertforwolves.61/88prototype:n.thefirstmodelordesignofsth.fromwhichotherformsarecopiedordeveloped

原型；模型；經(jīng)典；榜樣

prototypeequipmentprototypemachineprototypemodelproto-

前綴，表示“最初，原始”，比如：protocluster原星團

(cluster叢)protogalaxy原星系

(galaxy星系,銀河)protovirus原始病毒

(virus病毒)62/88monotonous:adj.dullandneverchangingorvarying;constantandboring

Theteacher’svoicewassomonotonousthatitsentmetosleep.我在汽車工廠工作頗為單調(diào)乏味。Myjobinthecarfactoryisrathermonotonous.mono-表示“單”,“一”monologue63/88hazard:n.athingthatcanbedangerousorcausedamage;adangerorrisk

Collocations:atallhazards

不顧一切風險;在任何情況下

in

hazard

在危險中,受到威脅byhazard

偶然,碰運氣beonthehazard

在危險中Therearemanyserioushazardsassociatedwithsmoking.穿越非洲旅行有許多危險。TherearemanyhazardsinajourneyacrossAfrica.64/88vibrate:v.

(causesth.to)moverapidlyandcontinuouslybackwardsandforwards;shake振[震,顫,擺]動;(心)悸動;[喻](感情)激動;回響;(鐘擺等)擺動;激動;猶豫,猶豫

Tom’sheavyfootstepsupstairsmadetheoldhousevibrate.Herheartvibrateswithexcitement.她心因興奮而悸動。Thehousevibrateswhenatrainpasses.火車經(jīng)過時房屋震動。當司機發(fā)動了發(fā)動機時，公共汽車顫動著。Thebusvibratedwhenthedriverstarteduptheengine.vibrate–vibrationfluctuate--fluctuation65/88frequency:n.therateatwhichsth.happensorisrepeated,usu.measuredoveraparticularperiodoftime頻率;一再；頻繁

Thisradiosignalhasafrequencyof800,000cyclespersecond.Thefrequencyofaccidentsonthatroadmadethecouncillowerthespeedlimit.那條道路交通事故頻繁,為此市議會決定降低那里車速限制。

66/88correlate:vt.havea

mutualrelationshiporconnection,inwhichonethingaffectsordependsonanother(使)相互聯(lián)絡Smokingandlungcancerarecloselycorrelated.

Pattern:correlate(sth.)with/tosth.correlatehisoverweighttoovereating

把理論與實踐聯(lián)絡起來

correlatethetheorywithpractice67/88convert:

v.changefromoneformorusetoanother轉(zhuǎn)變；變換;兌換;改變信仰、黨派或意見等

Pattern:convertsth.to/intosth.convertRMBdollarsintoAmericandollars那座樓房改成學校了。

Thatbuildinghasbeenconvertedintoaschool.Pattern:convertsb.tosth.Shemanagedtoconverthimtoheropinion.她終于設法說服了他接收她意見。68/88Drasticmeasuresareneededtoimprovetheperformanceofthecompany.法國革命帶來猛烈社會變動。TheFrenchRevolutionbroughtaboutdrasticsocialchanges.drastically(L56)

adv.inadrasticway69/88application(L56)n.theactionoraninstanceofputtingatheory,discovery,etc.topracticaluse

Theapplicationofthenewinventionwillbringgreatprofitstothecompany.這項新創(chuàng)造應用將給企業(yè)帶來巨大利潤。v.applyapply…to…applywhatyou’velearnedtopractice70/88bepoisedtodo:bereadytotakeactionatanymoment

Theautomobilecompanyispoisedtolaunchitsnewadvertisingcampaign.ItisreportedthatU.S.forcesarepoisedtoattackIraq.71/88mount:v.fix(sth.)inpositionforuse,displayorstudy;put(sth.)intoplaceonasupport

安裝；架設；固定為支撐住而牢靠地固定住她把照片裱貼在她日志本封面上。Shemountedthephotographonthecoverofherdiarybook.mountabedonblocks

把床安放到墊木上mountanengineinacar

將引擎固定于汽車內(nèi)72/88magnetic:adj.

1)havingthepropertiesofamagnetTheironhaslostitsmagneticforce.2)havinganunusualpowerorabilitytoattract他有吸引人個性。Hehasmagneticpersonality.73/88bunch(L71)

v.

grouptogether(bothactiveandpassive)Thechildrenwereallbunchedtogetherinthecorneroftheroom.Webunchedaroundthefireforwarmth.n.agroupofitemsorindividualsgatheredorplacedtogetherabunchofgrapes/flowers/keys74/88takecontrolof:control

Thenewmanagerdidn’tknowhowtotakecontrolofhiscompany.Thegovernmenthastakencontrolofallthenewspapers.under/incontroloutof/beyondcontrolhavecontrolover75/88incorporate(L75)

vt.make(sth.)partofawhole

Hisearlieressaysareincorporatedin/intohisnewlypublishedbook.我們將把你提議編到新計劃中去。Wewillincorporateyoursuggestionin/intothenewplan.Pattern:incorporatesth.in/intosth.76/88expansion(L80)

n.theprocessofbecominggreaterinsize,e