高中英語(yǔ)人教版一輪課時(shí)提升作業(yè)十必修2Unit5Music

溫馨提示：此套題為Word版，請(qǐng)按住Ctrl,滑動(dòng)鼠標(biāo)滾軸，調(diào)節(jié)合適的觀看比例，答案解析附后。關(guān)閉Word文檔返回原板塊。十必修2Unit5Music(限時(shí)35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2021·濟(jì)南模擬)VijayGuptaisknowntoclassicalmusicloversacrosstheUnitedStates.HeservesasfirstviolinistfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonic.Inthatjob,heoftenplaystolargecrowds,includingmanyveryrichpeople.Whenheisnotperforming,heorganizesconcertsforhomelesspeople.“TheyhaveremindedmewhyIbecameamusician,”hesaid.Lastweek,GuptawasrecognizedforbeingafounderandtheartisticdirectorofStreetSymphony.Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.Guptaisamongthe25winnersofthe2018MacArthurFellowship,monlyknownasthe“geniusgrant.”Eachwinnerwillreceive$625,000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.Themoneyisingfromaprivategroup,theJohnD.andKatherineT.MacArthurFoundation.Itawardsgrants(補(bǔ)助金)topeoplewhoseworkitconsidersexceptionalandthat“inspireshopeinusall.”GuptasaidhegottheideaforStreetSymphonywhileteachingNathanielAyers,atrainedmusicianwhosementalillnessledtohomelessness.The31yearoldgrantwinnersaidhedoesnotknowyethowhewillspendthemoney.Hehasbeenaperformersinceagesevenandtheawardwillgivehim“spacetobreathe,planandlookahead.”AnotherwinnerisRebeccaSandefur,anassociateprofessorofsociologyandlawintheUniversityofIllinois.TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoormunitiesintheU.S.justicesystem.47yearoldSandefurcreatedthefirstnationalmappingofcivillegalaidproviders.Itshowswhichstateshadthefinancialresourcestoprovidesuchaidandwhichdidnot.Shealsofoundthatthecostoflegalservicesisonlyoneofthethingspreventingpoorpeoplefromgettinglawyers.Amongtheothersarefearsaboutunfairnessinthelegalsystem.Sandefurnotedthatalotofattentionhasbeenpaidtoproblemswiththecriminaljusticesystem,butmoreattentionmustbepaidtothecivilsideofthelaw,whichalsoaffectsmillionsofpeople.【文章大意】本文主要講述了美國(guó)兩位麥克阿瑟獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)逩upta和Sandefur分別通過(guò)為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭(zhēng)取法律援助而激勵(lì)窮人的故事。1.WhydidGuptawintheaward?A.Forhisachievementsinclassicalmusic.B.Forperformingforlargecrowds.C.Fororganizingagroupplayingforthehomeless.D.ForthefriendshipwithNathanielAyers.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.可知,Gupta獲得該獎(jiǎng)是因?yàn)樗M織的街道交響樂團(tuán)為流浪者演奏音樂。故選C。2.WhatdoweknowaboutMacArthurFellowship?A.Itisfoundedbythegovernment.B.Itoffers$625,000to25winnersin2018.C.Itallowsthewinnerstousethemoneyfreely.D.Itawardspeoplewhomakegreatcontributionstosociety.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Eachwinnerwillreceive$625,000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.可知,獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)邔⒃谖迥陜?nèi)獲得625,000美元的獎(jiǎng)金,供其隨意使用。故選C。3.WhatwastheextraordinarythingthatSandefurdid?A.Shemadeiteasiertogetlegalhelpforthepoor.B.Shemadethelegalsystemfairer.C.Shepaidmoreattentiontothecriminaljusticesystem.D.Sheofferedlegalaidstothepoorfreely.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoormunitiesintheU.S.justicesystem.可知,美聯(lián)社稱,Sandefur的研究為貧困地區(qū)參與美國(guó)司法系統(tǒng)提供了新途徑,由此可知,Sandefur使窮人更容易獲得法律援助。故選A。4.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Grantswinners,inspiringthepoorB.Thecityhomeless,inneedofhelpC.VijayGupta,anextraordinaryviolinistD.MacArthurFoundation,awardingexceptionalwork【解析】選A。主旨大意題。通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了美國(guó)兩位麥克阿瑟獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)逩upta和Sandefur分別通過(guò)為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭(zhēng)取法律援助而激勵(lì)窮人的故事。故選A。Ⅱ.完形填空Thissummervacation,IflewtoLuandatomeetmyfatherandmeanwhile,dosomevolunteeringwork,helpingthechildrenthere.I1itthroughtheInternationalArt&CultureFoundation(IAC),withwhichmyfatheris2working.

Oneofthemomentsthat3methemosthappenedintheInternationalArt&CultureFoundation.ItwastherethatIhadthe4tosimplybewithincrediblechildrenandteenagerswhowere5inthestreets,withnobasicconditions.Becauseofthedifficult6theylivedin,theyhadbee7tosubstanceslikegasoline.Someofthemwereasyoungas9yearsold.EveryTuesdayandThursday,therewerevoluntarymusic8forthesechildrenintheparkandIwas9duringtheselessons.WhatIlovedwasthewaymusicand10washelpingthem,atleastacoupleofhours,to11thoseterriblestreets.AnditwasinthosemomentsthatI12thatsometimes,it’snotonlythemedicinethat13andhelpsus,butalsotheart.Paintingandmusicspeaka(n)14languagethatallowsusto15peoplefromallovertheworld.I’llneverforgetthesemoments.

The16finallycamewhenIhadtogobackhome.Ontheone17,Iwasnotgoingalone.Itookwithmealltheloveandblessingsofthe18peopleIhadthechancetomeet.Ontheotherhand,Iwasnotgoingback19.IamleavingpiecesofmyhearttothesmilesofeverypersonI20.

Icouldn’thaveaskedformore...【文章大意】本文是夾敘夾議文。作者在羅安達(dá)做暑期志愿工作時(shí),幫助許多生活困難的人學(xué)習(xí)音樂和繪畫,并發(fā)現(xiàn)藝術(shù)像藥品一樣可以治愈人,幫助人。1.A.gotB.reachedC.didD.put【解析】選C。本句是對(duì)上一句的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明,“didit”復(fù)指上句中的“...dosomevolunteeringwork”。2.A.currently B.recentlyC.possibly D.hardly【解析】選A。根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)以及上下文語(yǔ)境可知,作者的父親目前正在羅安達(dá)文化藝術(shù)基金會(huì)工作。文章第一句也交代去羅安達(dá)見父親,同時(shí)做一些志愿工作。3.A.frightened B.puzzledC.satisfied D.touched【解析】選D。本句是對(duì)下文故事的總結(jié),由故事可知,在志愿工作中發(fā)生的事情讓作者有所觸動(dòng)。所以touched符合語(yǔ)境。frightened(害怕),puzzled(迷惑),satisfied(滿意)都不符合此處語(yǔ)境。4.A.courage B.interestC.chance D.worry【解析】選C。此處意為:在做志愿工作時(shí),作者有機(jī)會(huì)(chance)和一些街頭流浪的孩子們?cè)谝黄稹?.A.studying B.livingC.performing D.gathering【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文描述可知,這些孩子缺乏基本的生活條件,在街上不是學(xué)習(xí)(studying),表演(performing)或聚集(gathering),而是生活/流浪在街頭。6.A.task B.questionC.future D.background【解析】選D。根據(jù)上句中的“withnobasicconditions”可知,他們的生活背景(或環(huán)境)很艱苦。故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。7.A.addicted B.devotedC.familiar D.blind【解析】選A。此處指孩子們的不良習(xí)慣,對(duì)聞汽油上癮是一種不好的習(xí)慣。所以A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。bedevotedto“專心于……”;befamiliarto...“對(duì)……熟悉”;beblindto...“對(duì)……視而不見”都不符合語(yǔ)境。8.A.concerts B.lessonsC.lovers D.clubs【解析】選B。根據(jù)下文“Iwas_________duringtheselessons”可知,在基金會(huì)有人自愿給這些孩子們上音樂課。我就在這些音樂課上幫忙。

9.A.helping B.learningC.listening D.discussing【解析】選A。作為志愿者,作者在音樂課上幫忙,而不是學(xué)習(xí)(learning),聽課(listening)或討論(discussing)。10.A.poetry B.artC.dance D.language【解析】選B。根據(jù)后面描述“it’snotonlythemedicinethat_________andhelpsus,butalsotheart”可知,此處意為:我喜歡的是音樂和藝術(shù)(musicandart)對(duì)他們的幫助方式。

11.A.catchupwith B.holdontoC.stayawayfrom D.payattentionto【解析】選C。此處意為:至少孩子們?cè)诼犚魳坊蛩囆g(shù)課的幾個(gè)小時(shí)里,可以幫助他們遠(yuǎn)離(stayawayfrom)那些可怕的街道。12.A.realized B.declaredC.worked D.remembered【解析】選A。下文描述的是作者的感受和認(rèn)識(shí)。所以應(yīng)該是意識(shí)到(realized)。13.A.amuses B.inspires C.reduces D.cures【解析】選D。amuse“逗樂”;inspire“鼓舞”;reduce“減少”;cure“治愈”,根據(jù)常識(shí)可知,只有cure符合語(yǔ)境。14.A.natural B.visualC.universal D.elegant【解析】選C。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及下文“allowsusto_________peoplefromallovertheworld”可知,藝術(shù)和音樂是一種通用(universal)語(yǔ)言,可以用來(lái)與世界各地的人們交流。故選C。

15.A.eacross B.connectwithC.findout D.pickup【解析】選B。利用藝術(shù)和音樂這個(gè)通用語(yǔ)言可以和世界各地的人們聯(lián)系(connectwith),不是偶遇(eacross),發(fā)現(xiàn)(findout)或搭載(pickup)。16.A.time B.word C.idea D.order【解析】選A。根據(jù)后面的定語(yǔ)從句“whenIhadtogobackhome”可知,此處指回家的時(shí)間(time)終于到了。17.A.part B.way C.side D.hand【解析】選D。根據(jù)下文的“Ontheotherhand...”可知,此處為固定用法“ontheonehand...ontheotherhand...”故選D。18.A.pitiful B.wonderfulC.diligent D.talented【解析】選B。根據(jù)第二段中“...simplybewithincrediblechildrenandteenagers”,以及故事中體現(xiàn)的作者對(duì)這些孩子的看法,可知,這些人很好,很棒(wonderful),不是強(qiáng)調(diào)這些人可憐(pitiful),勤奮(diligent)或有才能(talented)。19.A.happy B.alone C.tired D.whole【解析】選D。此題難度較大。根據(jù)下文“IamleavingpiecesofmyhearttothesmilesofeverypersonI_________.”可知,此處意為,我并沒有全身而退(gobackwhole),我的心部分留在了這些人的微笑里。

20.A.visited B.taught C.met D.saw【解析】選C。根據(jù)上文“Itookwithmealltheloveandblessingsofthe_________peopleIhadthechancetomeet.”可知,此處仍然指作者接觸(met)的這些人們。

【知識(shí)拓展】長(zhǎng)難句分析ItwastherethatIhadthechancetosimplybewithincrediblechildrenandteenagerswhowerelivinginthestreets,withnobasicconditions.分析:Itwas...that...為強(qiáng)調(diào)句式;who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞childrenandteenagers。翻譯:就是在那里,我有機(jī)會(huì)和那些在街頭流浪,沒有基本生活條件的非凡的孩子和青少年在一起。Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。CulturalexchangesbetweenChinaandAfricahaveahistorygoingbackcenturies,andmusicis1._________(increasing)beingapartofthat.Inrecentyears,Africandrumslikethedjembehavegainedahugefanbaseinthecountry.2._________theirenergeticrhythmsandoneofakindsound,theAfricandrumtraditionsarewinningoverChineseheartsandsparking3._________(curious)inpeopleoldandyoung.

EverySundayafternoon,anAfricandrumshow4._________(make)asplashnearBeijing’sbustling(熙熙攘攘的)HouhaiLake.LiuYong,5._________makesalivingbysellingandplayingdjembes,establishedtheHouhaidrumgroup10yearsago.Tohisgreatsurprise,ahuge5,000drummers6._________(join)himeversince,tryingtheirhandsatchallengingrhythms.

Liusaidinthebeginning,theyhadonlyacoupleofpeople7._________(play)togetherandmanyofthemwerepassersby.“Butnow,peoplefromall8._________(walk)oflifeareplayinghere.Rainorshine,wewillmeetupandplaydrumstogether.That’sourgoal,”hesaid.

InAfrica,handdrumsaremorethanjustinstrumentsused9._________(make)music.Theyareanindeliblepartofthecontinent’sheritage.10._________forChinesepeople,thenewlyfoundcrazewiththebeatsisanotherstory.

【文章大意】本文介紹了非洲金貝鼓在北京越來(lái)越流行。1.【解析】increasingly?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處為副詞作狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞being。2.【解析】With?？疾榻樵~。此處為“with+名詞”作原因狀語(yǔ)。注意位于句首首字母要大寫。3.【解析】curiosity?？疾樵~性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處空格作sparking的賓語(yǔ),要用名詞。4.【解析】makes?？疾橹髦^一致。根據(jù)EverySunday可知此處為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),drumshow為單數(shù)主語(yǔ),所以此處動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的單數(shù)形式。5.【解析】who?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,指代人,并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。6.【解析】havejoined?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)eversince可知此處謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。7.【解析】playing。考查現(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。8.【解析】walks。考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。allwalksoflife為固定短語(yǔ),表示各行各業(yè)。9.【解析】tomake?？疾椴欢ㄊ?。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),表示“被用來(lái)做……”。10.【解析】But?？疾椴⒘羞B詞。此處上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?！局R(shí)拓展】背景鏈接Thedjembedrumissaidtohavebeeninventedinthe12thCenturybytheMandinkatribeinwhatisnowMali,inWestAfrica.IthasbeenplayedbyWestAfricansforgenerationsandhasbeeanimportantpartofritualistic(儀式的)lifeinMali,Guinea,SenegalandotherneighbouringWestAfricancountries.Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫(2021·金華模擬)閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)所給情節(jié)進(jìn)行續(xù)寫,使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的故事。ItwasthehottesttimeoftheyearinsouthernCalifornia.Steve,astarbasketballplayerattheUniversityofCalifornia,withhiscousinZach,hadplannedacampingtripintheGreatNationalForestfortheirsummervacation.Theboyspackedclothesandsuppliesintoabag,andbegantheirgreatadventurewiththedogBradyearlyinthemorning.Uponarrival,Stevepulledovertothesideoftheroadalongthebankoftheriver.“Awonderfulplaceforfishing,”Steveexclaimedindelight.Zachnoddedinagreement.

Athighnoon,thesunwasscorchinghot.Withagoodharvestoffish,theboysmarchedintotheforestwithBradyfollowingthem.Afteralongwalk,theyfoundaclearingthatwasidealforacampsite(野營(yíng)地).ThecampwassetupimmediatelyasSteveknewallthetricksofanexperiencedwildernesscamper.Anafternoonnapwasabsolutelyaspecialtreatinmidsummer.However,theboyswerewakenupbythefiercebarksofBrady.Outside,heavysmokefilledtheairandwindblownflamewasskippingfromthetopofonetreetoanother.Thelongdrysummerturnedtheforestintoatinderbox.Inalittlewhile,SteveandZachwereinsidetheirtentpackingtheirbelongings.“Let’sgo!Wecanmakeitbacktotheriver!”Theyheadeddownagainstthefire—windinthedirectionoftheriver.ButBradybarkedasharpwarning.Aheadofthemlayathickcurtainofsmokeacrossthetrack.Theywouldnevermakeitthroughthat.Stevewasuneasyforitwashardtofindasafewaytoescapeintheheavysmoke.

Bradyliftedhisheadandsniffed(嗅)thesmokeladenwind.Nextmoment,thedogboundedawayanddisappeareddownasharpslope(斜坡).Theboysshoutedforhim,buthedidn’teback.Stevecouldn’tblameBradyforpanicking.Hehimselfwantedtoruneventhoughhedidn’thaveacluewhichway.注意:1.所續(xù)寫短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.至少使用5個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ);3.續(xù)寫部分分為兩段,每段的開頭語(yǔ)已為你寫好;4.續(xù)寫完成后,請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。Paragraph1:SteveandZachhadn’tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Bradypulledagain,inspiteoftheboy’sdisbelief,urgently._______________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Paragraph1:SteveandZachhadn’tgonefarwhentherewasafamiliarbark.Bradycamebounding,stoppeddirectlyinfrontofSteveandhithimwithhishead,pushinghimbacktowardtheslope.ButStevedidn’tgetit.ThenBradygrabbedtheboy’sjeansandstartedpulling.Themessagewasclear,butStevehesitated.OfcourseherememberedBradysavinghisuncle’slifewhenthedogwasmuchyounger.Washestillsharpenoughtogetthemthroughthis?Paragraph2:Bradypulledagain,inspiteoftheboy’sdisbelief,urgently.“OK,bigguy,”seeingthefirewastouchingunderbrushnearby,Stevemadeuphismind.Bradyledthembackdowntheslopeandintothetrees.Severaltimesthebigdogstopped.Oftenhechangeddirectionstofindtherightway.Theboysweresotiredbutthedogurgedbothboystogoon.Stevewasalmostnumbwhenheheardit—thewonderfulsoundofrushingwater!Theymadeitbacktotheriver.

Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2021·臨川模擬)WemovedtoElmontin1956.Iwas4yearsold.Elmontwasawonderfulplacetogrowup.Therewerelotsofkids,greatschoolsandwehadabigyard.Myfather,NicholasDenaro,believedthatgrasswasnotjusttolookat,butthatchildrenweremeanttoplayonit.Weplayedgamesandbadmintonthere.Awhitefenceseparatedourbackyardfromasmallwood.MyfriendsandIjumpedthefenceandenteredthewoods.Myfatherhadthemostamazinghands.Hecouldfixanything.Hegavethoseamazinghandstohisson,myyoungerbrother,Frank,whoalsobecamehandyaroundthehouse.Butmyfathersavedhisgreenfingersforme.Hegrewflowers,tomatoes,strawberriesandfigs(無(wú)花果)andhesharedhisloveofgardeningwithme.Fourteenyearsago,IwenttoalocalnurseryandboughtafigtreeforDadforFather’sDay.Mymother,BridgetDenaro,calleditthebestgiftIcouldhavegivenhim.Heplanteditexactlyinthemiddleofthefrontyard.Helovedthattreeandenjoyeddeliciousfigseveryyear,exceptjustafterSandyhitin2012.Hewassodisappointedwhencoldweatherjustafterthesuperstormfrozealltheremainingfigs.In2015,myfatherdiedofaspirationpneumonia(吸入性肺炎)at97.Wesoldourfamilyhomeof61yearslastyear.WeleftbehindDad’stree,fulloffigswaitingtoripen.Weconsideredtakingitwithus,butdecidedthathisFather’sDayfigtreebelongedtoElmont.ThenewownergenerouslyallowedmetotakesomebranchessothatIcouldhaveapreciousreminderofmymuchlovedfatherandtheElmonthome.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過(guò)對(duì)童年的回憶來(lái)紀(jì)念她的父親。1.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Shegrewupinacity.B.Shelikedclimbingtrees.C.Shehadahappychildhood.D.Shewasnaughtyandstubborn.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Therewerelotsofkids,greatschoolsandwehadabigyard.Myfather,NicholasDenaro,believedthatgrasswasnotjusttolookat,butthatchildrenweremeanttoplayonit.Weplayedgamesandbadmintonthere.”可知,作者有一個(gè)幸福的童年。2.WhatdidFatherteachtheauthor?A.Howtogardenwell.B.Howtoplaygames.C.Howtocolorfingers.D.Howtofixeverything.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Butmyfathersavedhisgreenfingersforme.Hegrewflowers,tomatoes,strawberriesandfigsandhesharedhisloveofgardeningwithme.”可知,父親教作者如何做好園藝。3.WhydidFatherfailtoenjoyfigsin2012?A.Hewasillinhospital.B.Thecoldhitthefigtree.C.Thetreedidn’tbearfigs.D.Hemovedtoanothercity.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,父親在2012年沒吃到無(wú)花果是因?yàn)閲?yán)寒襲擊了無(wú)花果樹。4.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowherloveoffigs.B.Toshareherchildhood.C.Torememberherfather.D.Tointroduceherexperience.【解析】選C。寫作意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“ThenewownergenerouslyallowedmetotakesomebranchessothatIcouldhaveapreciousreminderofmymuchlovedfatherandtheElmonthome.”可知,作者寫這篇文章的目的是紀(jì)念她的父親。BSciencehasalotofuses.Itcanuncoverlawsofnature,curediseases,makebombs,andhelpbridgestostandup.Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere’salwaysatemptation(誘惑)todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful.DavidBrooks,authorofTheSocialAnimal:TheHiddenSourcesofLove,Character,andAchievement,appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation.Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks.HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal,however,ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks.Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics.Thebookfocusesonbigquestions:Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature?Whatarethesourcesofcharacter?Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren’t?Toanswerthesequestions,Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines(學(xué)科).Consideringthis,youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts.ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox(非常規(guī)的),andperhapsunfortunateway.Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories,hetellsastory,withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints,perhapsinordertokeepthereader’sattention.SoasHaroldandErica,theheroandheroineinhisstory,livethroughchildhood,wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopmentandastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction.Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters.Onthewhole,Brooks’storyisacceptableifuninspired.Asonewouldexpect,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,forinstance,thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown.WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters,themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere.TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks’attempttotranslatehistaleintoscience.【文章大意】本文是一篇書評(píng),介紹了大衛(wèi)·布魯克斯的書《社會(huì)動(dòng)物》,并告訴我們?cè)谶@本書中他如何運(yùn)用科學(xué)方面的知識(shí)來(lái)闡述他的故事,并指出這本書的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足。5.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto_________.

A.illustratewheresciencecanbeappliedB.demonstratethevalueofBrooks’newbookC.remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceD.explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks【解析】選D。推理判斷題。首段第一、二句首先列舉出科學(xué)的許多功能,接著指出科學(xué)有巨大的誘惑力,以致許多作家抵擋不住這種誘惑,在文學(xué)作品中運(yùn)用到科學(xué)。6.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook?A.Itsstrongbasis.B.Itsconvincingpoints.C.Itsclearwriting.D.Itsmemorablecharacters.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“...,hiswritingismostlyclearand,tobefair,somechaptersstandoutabovetherest.Ienjoyed,...”可知,作者認(rèn)為寫作思路清晰是這本書的一大優(yōu)勢(shì)。7.Whatistheauthor’sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook?A.Contradictory. B.Supportive.C.Cautious. D.Critical.【解析】選D。觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。最后一段中的連接詞“While”之前是這本書的優(yōu)勢(shì),其后作者指出了其不足。因此作者對(duì)這本書持批判的態(tài)度。8.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Problemswiththebook.B.Brooks’lifeexperience.C.Deathofthecharacters.D.Brooks’translationskills.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。文章最后一段中連接詞“While”后面部分開始談?wù)撨@本書存在的問(wèn)題,因此作者緊接著應(yīng)該還是寫這本書的不足。CYoucanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisn’tyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersfoundthattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecisionmakingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesn’tmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand.Itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostuptodateinformationonclientsandsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbycreatingnewneurons(神經(jīng)元)inourhippocampus,whichhavethepowertooverwrite(重寫)existingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecisionmaking.Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinourbrain’slearningregion,tryexercising.Someaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalkingandswimminghasbeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsordetailsaboutoldjobs,thebrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdon’tmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecisionmakingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonunimportantpastdetails.Instead,thebrainhelpsusrememberthemostimportantpartofaconversation.Wecangetblamedforbeingabsentmindedwhenweforgetpasteventsinperfectdetail.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecall(記憶)canbeovervalued.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文,主要講了大腦通過(guò)權(quán)衡比較后,有選擇地遺忘一些舊的或無(wú)關(guān)緊要的信息。選擇性遺忘會(huì)使我們的大腦更聰明。9.Howcanwehelpourbrainsproducemoreneurons?A.Byhavingdeepsleepfrequently.B.Bypracticingswimmingregularly.C.Bydoingmentallaborrepeatedly.D.Bylearningnewskillsconstantly.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段的“Someaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalkingandswimminghasbeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.”可知,通過(guò)定期練習(xí)游泳可以幫助大腦產(chǎn)生更多的神經(jīng)元。10.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“facilitate”underlinedinParagraph5?A.Postpone. B.Repeat.C.Promote. D.Abuse.【解析】選C。詞義猜測(cè)題。由第五段的畫線詞所在句及“Instead,thebrainhelpsusrememberthemostimportantpartofaconversation.”可知,通過(guò)上下文的語(yǔ)境可以判斷出,promote“促進(jìn)”可以最好地替代facilitate的意思。11.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?A.Memorylossiswellworthnoticing.B.Decisionscan’tbemadewithoutmemories.C.Weshouldn’tstresstotalrecalltoomuch.D.Forgettingisevenmoreimportantthanremembering.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。由最后一段最后兩句“Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeovervalued.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.”可推斷出,我們不應(yīng)該過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)完全記憶。12.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Caution:DoRemembertoForgetB.WhyandHowPeopleChoosetoForgetC.WanttoBeeSmarter?LearntoForgetD.BeingForgetfulMightMeanYouAreSmarter【解析】選D。標(biāo)題歸納題。最后一段的“Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeovervalued.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.”是全文的主題句,且結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知,這篇文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“健忘可能意味著你更聰明”。Ⅱ.閱讀填句Sportsperformancecanbeinfluencedbymanydifferentthings.1

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