Unit3DiverseCulturesLanguagePoints1知識(shí)點(diǎn)講義高中英語人教版

B3U3LanguagePoints1Period1ListeningandSpeakingdiverse(adj.)不同的；多種多樣的diversity(n.)差異（性）；不同（點(diǎn)）；多樣性diversecultures多元文化culturaldiversity文化差異Thebeautyoftheworldliesinthediversityofitspeople.世界之美源自人之多樣。Thelandishometoagreatdiversityofrareplantsandanimals.這片土地是多種珍稀動(dòng)植物的家園。a(great/wide)diversityof=avarietyof/varietiesof多種多樣的fortune(n.)[U.]機(jī)會(huì)；運(yùn)氣chanceorluck,esp.inthewayitaffectspeople’slives[C.]大筆的錢；巨款alargeamountofmoneymisfortune[U.]厄運(yùn)；不幸badluckfortunate(adj.)幸運(yùn)的；交好運(yùn)的；吉利的luckyunfortunate(adj.)不幸的unlucky;令人遺憾的regrettablefortunately(adv.)幸運(yùn)地；吉利地luckilyunfortunately(adv.)不幸地；可惜地fortunecookie幸運(yùn)曲奇Hemadeafortuneinrealestate.他在房地產(chǎn)上發(fā)了財(cái)。Ihavebeenfortunateenoughtovisitmanyplacesoftheworldasalecturer.我很幸運(yùn)，去過世界很多地方做演講。make/earnafortune發(fā)財(cái)；賺大錢asmallfortune一大筆錢havethegoodfortunetodosth有幸做某事befortunatetodosth/befortunateindoingsth有幸做某事Itisfortunate(forsb)that...（對(duì)某人來說）...是幸運(yùn)的。Mexicancornchipscoveredincheese墨西哥芝士玉米片spicystew辣湯ethnicgroups族群anethnicminority少數(shù)民族e(cuò)thnicclothes具有民族特色的服裝culturalinfluencesonAmericanfood對(duì)美國(guó)食物的文化影響amixofcultures多種文化mixedculturedishes混合文化菜肴(mixedadj.混合的)amixofAandBA和B的混合mixAandB把A和B混合/融合起來lateron以后；后來；其后；隨后beforcedintoslavery被迫成為奴隸forcesbinto(doing)sth/forcesbtodosth強(qiáng)迫某人做某事inaddition此外；另外diefromthediseases死于疾病survivetheseterribletimes挺過這段可怕的時(shí)期WhenitestoAmericanfood,somesaynofoodwaseverinventedinAmerica.(fromlisteningtext)說到美國(guó)食物，有人說美國(guó)沒有發(fā)明食物。(Whenitesto(doing)sth...當(dāng)提到；當(dāng)談到)NoonereallyknowsexactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia.沒有人真正確切地知道第一批人是什么時(shí)候來到我們現(xiàn)在所了解的加利福利亞的。(knowAasB把A看作是B；認(rèn)為A是B)It’slikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.美洲土著居民很可能在至少15000年前就遷往了加利福尼亞。(Itislikely/possible/probablethat...=Itispossibleforsbtodo=Sb/Sthislikelytodosth很可能...)Period2ReadingandThinkingadmit(vi.&vt.)承認(rèn)(vt.)準(zhǔn)許進(jìn)入（或加入）admission(n.)（機(jī)構(gòu)、組織等的）準(zhǔn)許加入；承認(rèn)；入場(chǎng)費(fèi)Ihavetoadmitthatitdefinitelyfeelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.我不得不承認(rèn)，再次回到城里的感覺實(shí)在是太棒了！Youshouldhavethecouragetoadmit(to)yourmistakes.你應(yīng)當(dāng)有勇氣承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤。Tomadmitted(to)takingthemoneybutpromisednevertodoitagain.Tom承認(rèn)拿了錢，但他保證再也不做這樣的事了。refusetoadmit(to)thetheftcharge拒不承認(rèn)偷竊指控Youwillnotbeadmittedtothetheatreaftertheperformancehasstarted.演出開始后不許進(jìn)入劇場(chǎng)。openthewindowtoadmitfreshairintotheroom打開窗戶讓新鮮空氣進(jìn)入房間Shefailedtogainadmissionto(=beadmittedto)theuniversityofherchoice.她未被自己選擇的大學(xué)錄取。anadmissionofguilt/failure/defeat承認(rèn)有罪/失敗/被擊敗admissioncharges/prices入場(chǎng)費(fèi)admit(tosb)that...（向某人）承認(rèn)...admit(to)(doing)sth承認(rèn)（做）某事；招認(rèn)/招供（做）某事admitsb/sthto/into...允許某人/某物進(jìn)入...；接納某人為...的成員beadmittedto/into②definitely(adv.)肯定；確實(shí)definite(adj.)肯定的；清楚的definition(n.)定義candefinitelypasstheexam肯定能通過考試adefiniteanswer確切的答復(fù)bedefiniteabout對(duì)...有把握thedefinitionofsuccess成功的定義occur(vi.)發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)tohappen存在于；出現(xiàn)在toexistorbefoundsomewhereoccurrence(n.)發(fā)生；發(fā)生的事物Andwhatacityacitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.多么神奇的一座城市啊一座得以在1906年發(fā)生地震后重建的城市。AgreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelytooccurinChina.年輕勞動(dòng)力驟減的情況可能會(huì)在中國(guó)發(fā)生。Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.無論你到哪兒都存在著文化差異。Awonderfulideaoccurredtome.我突然想到一個(gè)絕妙的主意。Itdidn’toccurtohertoturntoherfriendforhelp/thatshecouldturntoherfriendforhelp.她沒想到她可以向她朋友求助。amon/aneveryday/afrequent/aregularoccurrence司空見慣的/每天/經(jīng)常發(fā)生的/定期發(fā)生的事情sthoccurtosb/Itoccurredtosbtodosth/Itoccurredtosbthat...（觀念或想法）被想到；出現(xiàn)在頭腦中=Itstruck/hitsbthat...headto/for/towards...（朝...）前進(jìn)；（向...）去Intheafternoon,Iheadedtoalocalmuseumthatshowedthehistorical(adj.有關(guān)歷史的)changesinCalifornia.下午，我前往當(dāng)?shù)匾患也┪镳^參觀，博物館展示了加利福尼亞的歷史變遷。headfor(prep.（表示去向）往；向)thedoor朝門走去/headbackhome回家seek(vt./vi.)尋找；尋求；爭(zhēng)?。唬ㄏ蛉耍┱?qǐng)求seekone’sfortune尋找成功致富之路Over300,000peoplecamefromallovertheworldtoseektheirfortune,andSanFranciscoquicklybecameabigcity.世界各地30多萬人蜂擁而至，在這里謀出路，舊金山迅速成為一座大都市。seek(for)jobs/work/employment找工作；求職lookfor/huntforseek(one’s)help/advice/assistance...=seekhelp/advice/assistancefromsb=asksbforadviceorhelp征求某人的建議/請(qǐng)求某人的幫助seekfameandwealth/shelter追名逐利/尋求庇護(hù)trytogetorachievesthseektoachievebetterresults設(shè)法取得更好的成績(jī)(seektodosth=attempttodo試圖/設(shè)法做某事)earn(vt.&vi.)掙得；賺得；贏得；博得earnaliving謀生=makealiving/makeone’slivingToearnaliving,someopenedupshopsandrestaurantsinChinatown.為了謀生，有些人在唐人街開商店、開餐館。(openup開門；營(yíng)業(yè)；開業(yè))Herunselfishactsearnedhertherespectofallthepeople.她無私的行為使她贏得了所有人的尊重。earnascholarship獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金/earnone’srespect(=winone’srespect)贏得某人的尊重/earnmoney(=makemoney)賺錢/earnfame贏得名聲/earnafortune掙大錢earnaliving謀生=makealiving/makeone’slivingearnsbsth為某人賺得/贏得某物select(vt.)選擇；挑選；選拔selection(n.)挑選；選擇；可供挑選的事物IselectedaCantoneserestaurantthatserveditsfoodonbeautifulchinaplates.我挑了一家粵菜館，他們端出來的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盤子上的。Hehadthehopeofbeingselectedforthenationalteam.他希望入選國(guó)家隊(duì)。Sheistheonlystudentintheclassthathasbeenselectedtotakepartintheactivity.她是班上唯一被選中參加這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的學(xué)生。selectsb/sthfor...為...挑選某人某物;selectsb/sthas...挑選某人/某物作為;selectsbtodosth選擇某人做某事; makeaselection作出選擇bringabout導(dǎo)致；引起=cause/resultin/contributeto/leadtoWhatdoyouthinkbroughtabouttheculturaldiversity?你認(rèn)為是什么造就了文化的多樣性？bringsb/sthback把...送回；歸還bringsthback使回憶起；想起bringdown降低；打倒；使著陸bringin引入，吸引；請(qǐng)...做，讓...參與；賺得，掙得bringup撫養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)育，教養(yǎng)；提出；嘔吐claim(vt.&n.)奪?。ㄉ?；宣稱；斷言O(shè)ver3,000liveswereclaimedinthe1906SanFranciscoearthquakeandtheseriesoffiresthatoccurredafterit.1906年舊金山地震和地震后發(fā)生的一系列火災(zāi)奪去了3000多人的生命。Thepanyclaimsthatitisnotresponsibleforthepollutionintheriver.公司聲稱對(duì)該河流污染沒有責(zé)任。Theyclaimstohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他們聲稱發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種治療此病的藥物。claimone’slife要了某人的命；奪去某人的生命c(diǎn)laim(sb/sth)tobe/dosth聲稱某人/某物為；聲稱做某事Itisclaimedthat...據(jù)稱seriesof一系列或一連串（事件）(series單復(fù)數(shù)同形)apartfrom/asidefrom除...之外（還）；此外Apartfrombeingthekingdomofflowers,itishometomanyethnicminoritygroups.除了是花卉王國(guó)，它還是許多少數(shù)民族的家園。inadditionto/besides/aswellas除...之外（還）inaddition/besides/moreover/furthermore/what’smore此外（還）minority(n.)少數(shù)民族；少數(shù)派；少數(shù)人minor(adj.)較小的；少數(shù)的OnlyaminorityofBritishhouseholdsdo/doesnothaveacar.只有少數(shù)英國(guó)家庭沒有汽車。Womenareintheminorityinthetoprankofgovernment.在政府的高層職位中，女性占少數(shù)。aminorityof少量的；少數(shù)的theminorityof...中的少數(shù)inthe/aminority占少數(shù)；成為少數(shù)派escape(vt.&vi.)逃走；逃脫；避開(n.)逃跑；逃脫；解脫AftervisitingthesouthernpartofYunnan,IhavetoadmitthatitisthebestofChinatoescapethecoldwinter.在參觀了云南南部地區(qū)之后，我不得不承認(rèn)，這是中國(guó)躲避寒冷冬天最好的地區(qū)。escapefromprison/theburningcar從監(jiān)獄/燃燒的汽車?yán)锾恿顺鰜韊scapepunishment逃脫懲罰escapedeath死里逃生=narrowlyescapebeingkilled=haveanarrowescapeHernameescapesme.我記不起她的名字了。Nodetailescapedhisnotice.沒有一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)他沒有注意到。escapefrom從...逃跑escapebeingdone沒有被...；逃脫被...escapeone’sattention/notice被某人忽視escapedeath死里逃生=haveanarrowescapesitontopofbighills坐落于大山之巔sit(vi.)處在，坐落在，被放在offergreatviewsof...的美景盡收眼底beneardowntown,intheMissionDistrict靠近市中心，位于教會(huì)區(qū)godowntown去市中心adowntownstore市中心的商店aschooldistrict學(xué)區(qū)acentreforart,music,andfood藝術(shù)、音樂和美食中心graffitiart涂鴉藝術(shù)icart漫畫藝術(shù)startagoldrush引發(fā)淘金熱jointhegoldrush加入淘金大軍immigrantsfromdifferentcountriesandculture來自不同國(guó)家和文化的移民illegalimmigrants非法移民carryabitofhomeintheirhearts心中裝著一片故土can’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事Period3DiscoveringUsefulStructures&ListeningandTalkingpoison(n.)毒物；毒藥；毒素(vt.)毒死；毒害poisonous(adj.)引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.有些野生蘑菇有毒，有些沒有毒。Somewildmushroomscontainadeadlypoison.有些蘑菇含有致命毒素。Largesectionsoftheriverhavebeenpoisonedbywastefromfactories.工廠的廢棄物污染了大段的河流。Factoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsthatarepoisonoustohumanbeings.工廠排放了大量對(duì)人類有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)。fold(vt.)包；裹；折疊(vt.&vi.)（可）折?。唬桑┋B平folding(adj.)折疊式的(afoldingbike可折疊的自行車)；可折疊的unfold(v.)（使）展開；打開Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook.我真的很喜歡那本折紙書。foldamapup把地圖折疊起來 unfoldamap展開地圖foldone’sarms雙臂交叉在胸 unfoldone’sarms張開雙臂foldthebabyinablanket/foldablanketaroundthebaby用毯子把嬰兒裹起來foldsth(up)/sthfold(up)折疊起來；把...折疊起來foldsbinone’sarms擁抱某人；摟住某人collection(n.)作品集；收集物；收藏品collect(v.)收集；聚集；領(lǐng)??；收走，接走；募捐...itisevenmentionedintheoldestcollectionofChinesepoetry.甚至在最古老的詩集中也有提及。acollectionofshortstories短篇故事集(作品集)art/coin/stampcollections藝術(shù)品/硬幣/郵票收藏(收藏品)refuse/garbagecollection垃圾的收運(yùn)(取走；聚集)acollectionbox募捐箱(募捐；募集)acollectionofbooks/runners一推書/一批選手(一批物品；一群人)collectdata/evidence/information收集資料/證據(jù)/信息 collectstamps/postcards集郵/收藏明信片collect/gatherattheschoolgate在學(xué)校門口集合 collecthersonfromschool去學(xué)校接兒子Dirtcollectedinthecornersoftheroom.房間角落積滿了灰塵。collectmoneyforlocalcharities為當(dāng)?shù)卮壬茩C(jī)構(gòu)籌錢acollectionofChinesePoetry詩集acollectionof一批；一群collect/raisemoney籌錢percentage(n.)百分率；百分比percent(n.)百分之...Hewastoldthatth