江西省上饒市民?？荚嚶?lián)盟2022-2023學年高二下學期階段測試(四)英語試卷（含聽力）

上饒市民?？荚嚶?lián)盟20222023學年下學期階段測試(四)高二英語試卷考試時間120分鐘試卷滿分150分注意事項：1.答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號碼填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內。2.答題時請按要求用筆。3.請按照題號順序在答題卡各題目的答題區(qū)域內作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效;在草稿紙、試卷上答題無效。4.作圖可先使用鉛筆畫出，確定后必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆描黑。5.保持卡面清潔，不要折疊、不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Goingstraight. B.Turningaround. C.Drivingunderthebridge.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:We’renevergoingtomakeittothetheaterontime.Wewon’tgetthroughthislightforanotherfiveminutes.W:It’stoolatetoturnaround.Wecanturnrightanddriveunderthebridgeinstead.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatmightthemanbe?AAsinger. B.ATVactor. C.Amoviestar.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Youlookveryfamiliar.IthinkIknowyou.YouareinaTVseriesoramovie,aren’tyou?M:Haha,IwishIwas.Ithinkyouprobablysawmesingingatthelocalfestival.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhattypeofrecordisAmyreferringto?A.Asportsrecord. B.Agamerecord. C.Aneducationalrecord.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:IalmostbeatJulielasttime!I’vegottoworkharder!Ijusthavetosetanewrecord!M:It’sgoodtobepetitive,Amy.Butyoushouldprobablypaymoreattentioninclassthantothatgameonyourphone.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Teacherandparent.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Fiona?Canyoudomeafavorandreschedulethe11o’clockmeetingfortomorrowatthesametime?W:I’msorry,Mr.Miller.Thattimeisbooked,remember?Youhaveameetingwiththeheadmasterofyourson’sschool.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanewspaperoffice. B.Atamovietheater. C.Atatelevisionstation.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Dave,Ineedsomeonetowriteastoryforthefrontpage.Ialsoneedsomeonetodoamoviereviewfortheentertainmentsectionbynoon.M:ButI’mjustasportswriter.W:Idon’tcarewhatyouwrite.Justgetitdoneontime!第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6Whatwillthewomanstudyatuniversity?A.Chemistry. B.Ecology. C.Biology.7.Whydidthemanchoosehismajor?A.Helikesfindingoutnewthings.B.Hewantstoteachaboutenvironment.C.Heenjoysbeinginaclassroom.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoudecidedwhatyouwillstudyatuniversity?W:Yes!Atfirst,Icouldn’tchoosebetweenbiologyandecology.Iwantedtoteachpeopleabouttheenvironment,eitherasabiologyprofessororasanacademicresearcher.ButIrealizedI’dratherbeinaclassroomteachingstudents.So,whataboutyou?M:IchosechemistrybecauseIdefinitelywanttobeachemist.I’vealwayslovedscience,andI’llenjoybeinginalaboratory.It’llbeaninterestingcareer.Ihopetodiscoversomenewthingsabouttheworld!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatcolorshoesdoesthemanwant?A.Theblackandredones.B.Theyellowandblackones.C.Theblueandwhiteones.9.Whenwillthemanprobablygettheshoes?A.ThisFriday. B.Today. C.NextMonday.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.DoyouhavethenewAirJordan’sin?W:Yes,wejustgottheminthismorning,butwehaven’thadtimetodisplaythem.M:Whatcolorsdotheyein?W:Weonlycarrytheblackandredonesandtheblueandwhiteones.Whatareyoulookingfor?M:Iwanttheoneshe’swearinginthatposter.Ourbasketballteam’snameisTheBees,soIwanttheyellowandblackonestomatchouruniform.TherewillbeapetitionnextMonday.It’sonlyfivedaysaway.W:That’sacoolnameforateam.Unfortunately,wecan’tgetthemuntilthisFriday.Andtheyaredefinitelygoingtobemoreexpensive.M:Idon’tcare,aslongasIgetthem.W:Well,I’llseewhatIcando.Youmightgetlucky.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】10.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Excited. B.Confused. C.Bored.11.Whatistheman’srole?A.Ateamleader. B.Apanyowner. C.Adepartmentmanager.12.Whatdothespeakersfinallyagreeon?A.petingforarole. B.Keepingtheteamtogether. C.Buildinganewteam.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtoholdameetingduringlunchtoday.It’llbeatnooninRoom33.Youdon’thavetoattend,butitwillbebetterifyoudo.AndyandCareywillalsobethere.W:What’sitabout,Sam?Whyareyoutalkinglikeit’sasecret?M:Don’ttellanyone,but…Iheardthatsomechangesareingtoourdepartment.W:Likewhat?M:Well,we’regettinganewmanager,foronething.W:Oh.Isthatwhyyouwanttomeetwithourteam?M:Yes.Ihavesomeideasabouthowwecanimpressthenewboss.Maybewecangetourselvesnoticed.Attheveryleast,I’dliketokeepthesameteam.I’vebeenyourprojectleaderforthreeyears,andwe’vedonesomegoodworkduringthattime.W:You’reright.I’llbeatthemeeting.Peoplearesopetitiveinthispany.Weneedtosticktogether.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whomightthewomanbe?A.Adoctor. B.Areporter. C.Astaffmemberofacollege.14.Whathappenedtothemanfouryearsago?A.HewasastudentatSinaiMedicalCollege.B.HeshowedinterestinworkingatSinaiMedicalCollege.C.HebecamethedirectoratColumbiaUniversity.15.Wherewillthemangiveaspeech?A.Inahospital. B.Inatelevisionstudio. C.Inalecturehall.16.Whattopicwilltheman’sspeechbeabout?A.EasternandWesternmedicine.B.Medicalcareers.C.Cancerresearch.【答案】13.C14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodafternoon,Dr.Oz!Thankyouforingallthewayhere.Iimagineyouhaveaverybusyschedule,betweenyourtelevisionshowandtheclassesyouteach.Pleasesitdown!M:Thankyouverymuch.W:Iwon’ttakemuchofyourtime,butIwantedtoaskyouafavor.M:Whatisit?W:WouldyoubewillingtogivealecturetosomeofourstudentshereatSinaiMedicalCollege?IrememberyouwereinterestedinteachingclassesherefouryearsagoM:Sure,I’dbegladto.W:Really?Great!I’llreservethebiggestlecturehallthatwehaveIt’smuchbiggerthanthisone.Doesthe5thofFebruaryworkforyou?M:Yes,that’sfine.W:Good.Iknowyou’rethedirectorofcancerresearchatColumbiaUniversity,butIwasthinkingaboutanothersubjectforthetalk.M:Well,whatdidyouhaveinmind?W:We’restartingtoofferclassesonunmonmedicalpractice.Iknowthisisalsoaninterestofyours.WouldyoubewillingtogivealectureondifferentapproachesofWesternandEasternmedicine?M:Thatsoundsgreat!聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Howmanyapartmentbuildingswillhavebusinessesatthebottom?A.Seven. B.Five. C.Three.18.Whyisthebluelineclosed?A.It’sindangerfromtheingstorm.B.It’sgettingrepaired.C.It’sflooded.19.Whatisunusualabouttheresultofthevote?A.Thetopplayerwon.B.Threedifferentplayerswonfirstplace.C.Oneplayerwonthetopthree.20.Whenwillthetemperaturedrop?A.OnFriday. B.OnSunday. C.OnSaturday.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Goodafternoon,thisisAlicePicardwiththehourlynewsupdate.Cityofficialshaveapprovedtheconstructionoffifteennewapartmentbuildingsforthisyear.Fiveofthemwillbeforlowinefamilies.Threeofthemwillbehighclassapartments,andtherestwillbesmallerapartmentbuildingsthathavebusinessesatthebottom.Inothernews,thebluesubwaylineisclosedtoday.Toomuchwaterfromlastnight’sheavyrainsgotin,andrightnowthetracksareunderwater.PleasecheckthemapsatthestationsorontheInternetforotherroutes.Inthesportsworld,millionsofsoccerfanshavefinallypickedaclearwinnerforBestGoaloftheYear.Whatissurprisingabouttheouteisn’tthatMessiisthewinner—it’sthathewonthetopthree!Finally,wehavetheweatherreport.Itwillcontinuetobewarminthe70suntiltheweekend.FridayandSaturdaywillheatuptothe90s,followedbyamuchcoolerSundaywithahighof65.I’mAlicePicard,andthanksforlistening.Makesuretowatchagaininthiseveningat8:00forthefullnewsreport.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A,B,C和D)中，選出最佳選項。ASwitzerland,asthefirstplaceinEuropetodevelopwintertourism,hasalongskiingtradition.Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.WheretoSkiasaBeginnerSaasFee:YoucanfindplentyofEnglishspeakingskischoolsinSaasFeeandlotsofbunnyslopes(初學者滑雪道)onwhichtomasteryourturns.Thebeginnerskiareaisseparate,soyoucanpracticewithoutgettinginthewayofotherskiers.Grindelwald:Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.Onceyou’rereadytoheadupthemountain,about30percentofGrindelwald’srunsareratedblue,meaningthey’reontheeasierside.SummerSkiingIncredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.TheglacierslopesherearebeautifullyscenicandofferskiersupcloseviewsoftheMatterhorn.BudgetTravelTipsAvoidpeakseason:Visitduringthestartorendoftheskiseason.Selfcater:Ifyourentasmallapartmentorhomewithkitchenfacilities,youcanpreparesomeofyourownmealstosavediningexpenses.Enjoythesnowwithoutskiingeveryday:Iceskating,tobogganing(乘坐平底雪橇),winterhiking,orjusthavingasnowballfightareallmoreaffordablewaystoenjoytheSwisswinterlandscape.21.WhatmakesSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiers?A.Beingthefirstwintertouristdestination. B.Havingthelongestskiingtradition.C.Thesupportofskiersfromtheworld. D.Superbnaturalconditionsandacmodations.22.WhichgroupwillbeinterestedinGrindelwald?A.Professionalathletes. B.Summerskiers.C.Familytourists. D.Budgettravelers.23.Wherewillskiersgoforsummerskiing?A.SaasFee. B.Bodmi. C.Zermatt. D.Matterhorn.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了瑞士作為滑雪勝地的優(yōu)勢、初學者和夏季滑雪推薦地。使讀者了解瑞士滑雪旅行的相關知識，感受當地滑雪設施的人性化設計，感悟大自然對人類的饋贈。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Alongskiseason,terrificsnowconditions,andlarge,welldevelopedresortareasmakeSwitzerlandaperfectdestinationforskiersfromaroundtheworld.(漫長的滑雪季節(jié)，極好的雪景，以及大片發(fā)達的度假區(qū)，使瑞士成為世界各地滑雪者的理想目的地)”可知，一流的自然氣候條件和設施良好的度假區(qū)食宿條件使得瑞士成為滑雪愛好者的理想目的地。故選D項?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據Grindelwald部分“Grindelwaldisagreatchoiceforfamilies,withplentyofskischoolsandseveralbunnyslopes,suchastheBodmipracticearea,whichisfitforchildren.(Grindelwald是家庭滑雪的好選擇，這里有很多滑雪學校和幾個小斜坡，比如博德米練習弧，很適合孩子們)”可知，Grindelwald是全家出動滑雪的好選擇，這里有很多滑雪學校和初學者滑雪道，以及適合兒童的Bodmi練習區(qū)。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據SummerSkiing部分“Incredibleasitmayseem,it’sactuallypossibletoskiinSwitzerlandduringthesummermonthsthankstothepresenceofseveralglacierswhereit’swinteryearround.ZermattishometotheTheodulglacier(冰川).With13miles(21kilometers)ofruns,it’sthelargestsummerskiareainEuropeandattractsprofessionalskierslookingtotrainyearround.(盡管這看起來不可思議，但由于瑞士有幾座冰川，那里全年都是冬天，所以在夏季的幾個月里實際上是可以滑雪的。Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地。它有13英里(21公里)的雪道，是歐洲最大的夏季滑雪場，吸引了想要全年訓練的專業(yè)滑雪者)”可知，Zermatt是Theodul冰川的所在地，是歐洲最大的夏季滑雪場，是夏季滑雪的好去處。故選C項。BGrowingupinHavana,Cuba,MarioGarciawasawellknownchildactor.Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.MariohadbeensittingonabenchoutsideastudioinHavana,waitingwhilehisfatherandhisbandwereperforming.Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(試境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.Butarevolutioncameandinitswake,hiscareerwasbrokenoff.Mariowas15whenhehadtoflytoAmericaasarefugee(難民).HelandedinMiami,wherehewenttolivewithhisauntandunclewhilehisparentsstayedinCuba.TheyjoinedhiminMiamiaboutayearlater.Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.HecurrentlyteachesjournalismatColumbiaUniversity.Still,hesaid,“I’mnotgivingupongettingagoodpartinamovie.”Mario’slatestactingjobwasasanextrainthenewmusicaldramafilmIntheHeights.Hecontinuestoauditionfornewroles.24.WhatdoweknowaboutMario’searlyactingcareer?A.Ithadsomethingtodowithgoodluck. B.Itarosefromhispassionforacting.C.Itdidn’tarousehisinterestinartatall. D.Itwasdrivenbyhisurgetoachievefame.25.WhathappenedtoMarioonFebruary28,1962?A.Heinvolvedhimselfinarevolution. B.HefailedtojoinhisfamilyinMiami.C.Hegaveuphisactingcareerpletely. D.HehadtostartanewlifeinAmerica.26.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMario’sfirstyearinFlorida?A.Itwasfullofstoriesbutinteresting. B.Itwaspainfulbutendedinsuccess.C.ItwashardandchallengingforMario. D.ItwasablowtoMarioandhisfamily.27.WhatmessagedoesMario’sstorymainlyconvey?A.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong. B.Anoptimisticmancanstickitout.C.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung. D.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.【答案】24.A25.D26.C27.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是一位明星馬里奧·加西亞，偶然獲得一次試鏡機會開啟演藝生涯的故事，在這個過程中他經歷了很多艱難困苦，但樂觀的馬里奧沒有被打敗并獲得了成功?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Hewasabout10yearsoldthefirsttimeheeversteppedontheset.Itbeganwithachanceencounter.(他第一次踏上片場大約是在10歲的時候。一切始于一次偶然的相遇。)”和第二段“Suddenly,someoneapproachedhimandsaid,“Wearetryingtotestforthismercial.”Sohegotupandhadanaudition(試境).Evenwithnoactingexperience,itquicklyfeltlikeanaturalcareerpath.Fromthemercial,hewentontobeonTVseriesandamovieandallthat.(突然，有人走近他說：“我們正在試拍這個廣告。”于是他起身去試鏡。即使沒有任何表演經驗，我也很快覺得這是一條很自然的職業(yè)道路。從廣告開始，他又出演了電視劇和電影等等。)”可知，馬里奧在毫無經驗時，偶然獲得了一個試鏡機會，開啟了他的職業(yè)生涯，由此可知，馬里奧早期的演藝生涯是有點好運的。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“Marioclearlyrecalledthedayheleft:Feb.28,1962.HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.(馬里奧清楚地記得他離開的那一天：1962年2月28日。他在佛羅里達讀高中的第一年。生活在異國他鄉(xiāng)，沒有語言，沒有父母，還要上學，這是一個挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，馬里奧在1962年2月28日這一天要開始獨立在美國開始新生活，故選D?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段“HewasinhighschoolthatfirstyearinFlorida.Itwasachallengelivinginaforeigncountrywithnolanguage,noparentsandgoingtoschool.Hehadtogofrombeinganactortobeingawaiter.Healwayswenttoanalleybehindtherestaurantandsatonawoodenboxanddriedthetearswithhisapron.(他在佛羅里達讀高中的第一年。生活在異國他鄉(xiāng)，沒有語言，沒有父母，還要上學，這是一個挑戰(zhàn)。他不得不從一個演員變成一個服務員。他總是走到餐館后面的一條巷子里，坐在一個木箱子上，用圍裙擦干眼淚。)”可知，在美國第一年的生活對馬里奧來說非常困難且具有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第四段“ButMario’soptimismneverfailedhim.HewentontoearnhisPh.D.inSpanishlanguageandliteraturefromtheUniversityofMiami.(但馬里奧的樂觀從未將他打敗。后來，他在邁阿密大學獲得了西班牙語和文學博士學位。)”可知，樂觀的馬里奧在非常困難且具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況下可以堅持并取得成功，由此可知，馬里奧的故事主要傳達了一個道理：樂觀的人能堅持到底。故選B。CForyearsdoctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.Thiscouldbeevenbetterthanaregularbloodtransfusion.Foronething,theycanbeadjustedforpeoplewithdifferentbloodtypes.That’llbeextremelyhelpfulforpeoplewithrarebloodtypes.Also,anormaltransfusionhasredbloodcellsofalldifferentages,whichmeansonlyasmallpartofthemarebrandnew.Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.Totestitssafety,researchershavegivenacoupleofteaspoonsofthebloodtotwohealthypeople,bothofwhomseemtobedoingjustfineafterthetransfusions.Inall,they’llbetestedon10people,andparedtonormaltransfusions.Thenewprocessdoesn’tindicatethatnormalbloodtransfusionswilldisappear.Meanwhile,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.Butifit’ssuccessful,theprocesscouldmakelifemucheasierforpatientswhooftenneedtransfusions—eventhosewithrarebloodtypes.28.Whyarethescientistscarryingouttheresearch?A.Thebloodreserveisnotadequate.B.Normalbloodtransfusionsareoutofdate.C.Moreandmorepeopleneedbloodtransfusions.D.Theywanttofindanewtrailofbloodtransfusions.29.What’stheadvantagesofthebrandnewredbloodcellsgrowninthelab?A.Theysuitthepatientsofalldifferentages.B.Theyhaveredbloodcellsfromdifferentraces.C.Theyareeffectivetothepatientsforalongerterm.D.Itisextremelyeconomicalandmakeslifemucheasier.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theresearchstillhasalongwaytogo.B.Normalbloodtransfusionswilldisappearsoon.C.Tenpeoplehavereceivedthelabgrownbrandnewblood.D.Thebrandnewbloodisn’tfitforthosewithrarebloodtypes.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thetestoflabgrownblood. B.parisonoftwobloodtransfusions.C.Anappealforrareblooddonation. D.Theexpenseofbloodtransfusions.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹的是一種新的給患者輸血的方式，即給患者提供紅細胞，這種輸血方式一旦成功，將會使得經常輸血的患者，即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活變的輕松?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Bloodtransfusionsaren’tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There’reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon’tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(輸血并不像從一個人身上取血給另一個人那么簡單。有幾種不同的血型并不能很好地混合在一起。如果有人輸錯了血，他們的身體就會排斥血細胞，造成問題。英國布里斯托爾大學的科學家們首次進行了一項新的試驗:測試在實驗室里培養(yǎng)的人類志愿者的紅細胞?？茖W家們利用血液樣本中的干細胞培育出數十億個全新的紅細胞)”可知，輸血并不像想象的那么簡單，且不同血型不能很好的混合，輸錯了血可能造成問題。由此推知，科學家進行實驗的目的是找到一種新的輸血方式——紅細胞輸血，以避免這些問題。故選D?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.(在實驗室中生長的紅細胞是全新的，這意味著它們的持續(xù)時間更長，患者需要的輸血更少)”可知，在實驗室中的紅細胞的優(yōu)勢是它們是全新的，因此對患者有效的時間更長。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據最后一段的“Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.(還有很多工作和測試需要完成)”可知，該研究還有很長的路要走。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據首段中的“Foryears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.(多年來，醫(yī)生一直為需要血液生存的患者提供血液。這些輸血通常包括給患者提供紅細胞)”以及第二段中的“Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(英國布里斯托大學的科學家有史以來第一次在人類志愿者身上測試實驗室中生長的紅細胞?？茖W家們使用來自血液樣本的干細胞來培養(yǎng)數十億個全新的紅細胞)”可知，本文主要講述的是科學家在實驗室研發(fā)的一種紅細胞輸血方式。由此可知，Thetestoflabgrownblood.(實驗室培育的血液測試)適合作本文最佳標題。故選A。DHaveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖詞).So,whatarecrutchwords?Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.Ifsomeoneisspeaking,you’llrecognizeacrutchwordasapause,orifthespeakeruses“um”or“ah”alot.Crutchwordsintheconversationalsoincludefavoritewordsandphrases,suchas“youknow”,“anyway”,“just”,“allright”and“l(fā)ike”.Theyonlygivethespeakertimetothinkbeforetheymoveontothenextidea.Forwriters,crutchwordsoperateinmuchthesameway,butinsteadofapause,they’refillerwordsweusebecausewehaven’tthoughtthesentencethroughenough.They’rewordsthatareeasy.Theyflownaturallyintothespacethatcouldeasilybeoccupiedbyaslightrewritingofasentenceoradifferentwordchoice.Nowthatyouknowwhatcrutchwordsare,thequestionishowyoucangetridofthem.It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.Thenexttimeyousitdowntoreadoveryourwriting,lookcarefullyforrepeatedwordsorphrases.Markthemsothey’reeasytofindlater.Lookatbothanoldandanewpieceofwritingandparethetwo.Aretherephrasesorwordsyouusealotthataremontoboth?Ifyes,thenyou’vefoundyourcrutchwords.Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.32.Whatmightanarticlewithtoomanycrutchwordsbelike?A.Formal. B.Weak. C.Quality. D.Easy.33.Whichstatementwilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Crutchwordsarenormallyunnecessary.BCrutchwordsareunavoidable.C.Crutchwordsgivewriterstimetothink.D.Crutchwordsgivewritersdifferentwordchoices.34.Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutfindingcrutchwords?A.It’sstrange. B.It’sinteresting.C.It’squestionable. D.It’sabitdifficult.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Eliminating”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Returning. B.Removing.C.Recording. D.Remembering.【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了什么是“拐杖詞”，如何發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的“拐杖詞”，以及如何克服它們?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段前兩句“Haveyoueverreadbacksomethingyou’vewrittenandfeltlikeit’snotquiteasstrongasyou’dlike?Onepossiblereasonisthatyouoverusecrutchwords(拐杖詞).(你是否曾經讀過自己寫過的東西，卻覺得它沒有你想要的那么強烈？一個可能的原因是你過度使用了一些拐杖詞)”可知，一篇有很多拐杖詞的文章會讓人感覺沒有那么強烈，缺少說服力。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段前兩句“Crutchwordsarewordsaspeakerorawriteruseswithoutknowingit.Theyareusuallynotneededanddon’taddtothestory.(拐杖詞是說話者或作家在不自知的情況下使用的詞。它們通常是不需要的，也不會增加故事的內容)”可知，拐杖詞通常是不必要的。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第四段第二句“It’snotalwayseasytonoticeyourownwritingquirks(怪癖),soitmighttakeabitofhardworktofindwhatyoursare.(注意到你自己的寫作怪癖并不總是那么容易，所以可能需要一點努力才能發(fā)現(xiàn)你的寫作怪癖是什么)”可知，注意到自己的寫作怪癖——用拐杖詞——并不容易。故選D?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據最后一段“Onceyou’veknownyourcrutchwords,they’reeasytocutoutlater.Butdon’tbeafraidifyoufindtheminyourfirstdraft.Eliminatingthosewordsisexactlywhatrevisionisfor.(一旦你知道了自己的拐杖詞，以后就很容易把它們刪掉。但如果你在初稿中發(fā)現(xiàn)了它們，也不要害怕。eliminating這些詞正是修訂的目的)”可知，劃線詞同“cutoff”為同義詞，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)了拐杖詞就要刪除它們，刪除它們正是修訂寫作內容的目的。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題分，滿分分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.____36____AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.____37____Inaddition,theycancollectmorefruitsthanapickerduringagiventime.____38____Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果園)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.____39____TherobotsarcnowpickingpearsinIsrael.Thepanyalsoplanstoaddmoretaskstotherobot’sfunction.____40____Inthefuture,fewerpeoplewillworkinpickingandmorepeoplewillworkinmanagingtherobots,analyzingthedataandmakingdecisions.A.Soonlytheripeonesarecollected.BNowanewtypeofrobotcanetotheirhelp.C.Findingfruitpickersisfarmers’biggestconcern.D.Theycanreceivetimelyinformationfromtherobots.E.Anotheradvantageoftherobotsisthattheyneverfeeltired.F.Thenthepanywilltransporttherobotstotheirorchards.G.Forexample,theycanbeusedtocutoffbranchesandwaterfruits.【答案】36.B37.A38.E39.F40.G【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹以色列的Tevel公司開發(fā)了可以幫助果農采摘水果的自動飛行機器人?！?6題詳解】根據上文“Harvestingfruitsisaverydemandingjob.Ifpickersarenotavailable,fruitswillrotonthetrees.Butwithpickersinshortsupplyinrecentyears,growersneededtoquicklyfindanotherwaytoharvesttheirfruits.(收獲水果是一項要求很高的工作。如果沒有采摘機，水果會爛在樹上。但由于近年來采摘者供不應求，種植者需要迅速找到另一種收獲水果的方法。)”和下文“AnIsraelipanyTevelhasdevelopedtheseflyingautonomousrobots.(以色列的一家公司Tevel開發(fā)了這些自動飛行機器人。)”可知，文章接下來要介紹一種可以幫助農民采摘水果的機器人。選項B“現(xiàn)在，一種新型機器人可以幫助他們?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據上文“Therobotsflyoveratreeandpickfruitswithitsarms.TheyarefittedwithcamerasthatuseAItoassessthesizeandcolorofthefruit.(機器人飛過一棵樹，用手臂摘水果。他們安裝了攝像頭，使用AI來評估水果的大小和顏色。)”可知，這里說明機器人要采摘什么樣的水果。選項A“所以只收集成熟的?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據下文“Theflyingrobotsareconnectedtoaplatformthatactsasthepowersourcesothattheyneverrunoutofpower.Theywillworkalldayandnightinanyweatherwithouttakingabreak.(飛行機器人連接到一個平臺上，該平臺充當電源，因此它們永遠不會耗盡電力。他們將在任何天氣下沒日沒夜地工作，不休息。)”可知，這一段講述機器人不會感到累。選項E“機器人的另一個優(yōu)點是它們從不感到疲勞?！焙拖挛囊馑家恢?。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據上文“Dozensofthesesmartrobotscanbeusedacrossanorchard(果園)duringthetimewhenthefruitisreadytobeharvested.Thefarmersjustneedtotellthepanyhowmanyflyingrobotstheyneedandhowlongtheywilluse.(幾十個這