2013年職稱英語考試?yán)砉ゎ怋級(jí)試題及答案

正保遠(yuǎn)程教育（美國紐交所上市公司代碼：DL）_____________________________________________________________________[]職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育24小時(shí)）關(guān)注更多2015年職稱英語考試資料，及時(shí)了解職稱英語考試動(dòng)態(tài)，歡迎添加職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)職稱英語頻道微信：zhichengenglish，QQ群：210597052204744182302593754第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1-15題，每題1分，共15分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處畫線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1、Shecameacrossthreechildrensleepingunderabridge.ApassedbyBtookanoticeofCwokeupDfoundbychance答案：D職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：comeacross是固定搭配，意思是“偶遇，碰巧發(fā)現(xiàn)”，因此選擇D選項(xiàng)。passby“路過”，takeanoticeof“注意到”，wakeup“醒來”。2、Itseemedincrediblethathehadbeenthereaweekalready.ArightBobviousCunbelievableDunclear答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：incredible意為“難以置信的”，與unbelievable同義。obvious“明顯的”，unclear“不明的”。3、Hewastemptedbythehighsalaryofferedbythecompany.AattractedBtaughtCkeptDchanged答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：tempt“吸引，誘惑”，此處為被動(dòng)態(tài)，句子意思為：他被這家公司開出的高額薪水吸引了。A選項(xiàng)符合句義。4、Shegetsaggressivewhensheisdrunk.AworriedBoffensiveCsleepyDanxious答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：aggressive意為“好斗的，富于攻擊性的”，與offensive相近，如：Mentendtobemoreaggressivethanwomen.男性往往比女性更具有攻擊性。Knivesofanysortareclassedasoffensiveweapons.任何刀具都屬于攻擊性武器。worried“拘心的”，sleepy“困倦的”，anxious“焦急的”。5、Ihavelittleinformationasregardsherfitnessforthepost.AatBwithCaboutDfrom答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：asregards是固定搭配，意思是“關(guān)于”，如：Thereisnoproblemasregardsthefinancialarrangements.資金籌備方面毫無問題。6、Theseanimalsmigratesouthannuallyinsearchoffood.AexploreBinhabitCpreferDtravel答案：D職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：migrate的意思是“遷徙”，travel除了常見的“旅行”意思外，還有“行進(jìn)”的意思，如：Supersonicplanescantravelfasterthanthespeedofsound.超音速飛機(jī)的速度比音速快。在這里可作同義替換。explore“探索”，inhabit“柄息，居住”，prefer“更喜歡”。7、Therewassomethingpeculiarinthewayhesmiles.AdifferentBwrongCstrangeDfunny答案：C10、Hepaused,waitingforhertodigesttheinformation.AwithholdBexchangeCunderstandDcontact答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：digest本義是“消化”，可轉(zhuǎn)義為“理解(知識(shí)、信息)”，在句中可與understand互換。withhold“保留，隱瞞”;exchange“交換”;contact“聯(lián)系”。11、Therulesaretoorigidtoallowforhumanerror.AgeneralBinflexibleCcomplexDdirect答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：rigid“僵硬的，固定的，頑間的”，與inflexible同義。12、Rumorsbegantocirculateabouthisfinancialproblems.AsendBhearCconfirmDspread答案：D職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：circulate做不及物動(dòng)同，意思是“傳播，流通”，如：Weshouldoftenopenthewin-dowstoallowtheairtocirculate.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)經(jīng)常打開窗戶以使空氣流通。句子的意思是：關(guān)于他的財(cái)政問題的流言開始傳開。13、Comeout,orI'llbustthedoordown.AbreakBshutCsetDbeat答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：bust“使爆裂”，句子的意思是：快點(diǎn)，不然我就破門而入了。這里與break同義。14、Thepolicewillneedtokeepawaryeyeonthisareaoftown.AnakedBblindCcautiousDprivate答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：wary“謹(jǐn)慎的，機(jī)警的”，與cautious同義。naked“裸體的”，blind“盲的”，private“私人的”。15、Thecontractbetweenthetwocompanieswillexpiresoon.AshortenBstartCendDresume答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：expire“期滿，終止”。resume是“重新開始”。第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16-22題，每題1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。WideWorldofRobotsEngineerswhobuildandprogramrobotshavefascinatingjobs.Theseresearcherstinker(修補(bǔ))withmachinesinthelabandwritecomputersoftwaretocontrolthesedevices.“They’rethebesttoysoutthere,”saysHowieChosetatCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh.Chosetisaroboticist,apersonwhodesigns,buildsorprogramsrobots.WhenChosetwasakid,hewasinterestedinanythingthatmoved—cars,trains,animals.HeputmotorsonTinkertoycarstomakethemmove.Later,inhighschool,hebuiltmobilerobotssimilartosmallcars.Hopingtocontinueworkingonrobots,hestudiedcomputerscienceincollege.ButwhenhegottograduateschoolattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyinPasadena,Choset’slabmateswereworkingonsomethingevencoolerthanremotelycontrolledcars：roboticsnakes.Somerobotscanmoveonlyforward,backward,leftandright.Butsnakescantwist(扭曲)inmanydirectionsandtraveloveralotofdifferenttypesofterrain(地形).“Snakesarefarmoreinterestingthanthecars,”Chosetconcluded.AfterhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,Chosetandhiscolleaguestherebegandevelopingtheirownsnakerobots.Choset’steamprogrammedrobotstoperformthesamemovementsasrealsnakes,suchasslidingandinchingforward.Therobotsaisomovedinwaysthatsnakesusuallydon't,suchasroiling.Choset’ssnakerobotscouldcrawl(爬行)throughthegrass,swiminapondandevenclimbaflagpole.ButChosetwonderedifhissnakesmightbeusefulformedicineaswell.Forsomeheartsurgeries,thedoctorhastoopenapatient’schest,cuttingthroughthebreastbone.Recoveringfromthesesurgeriescanbeverypainful.Whatifthedoctorcouldperformtheoperationbyinsteadmakingasmallholeinthebodyandsendinginathinroboticsnake?ChosetteamedupwithMarcoZenati,aheartsurgeonnowatHarvardMedicalSchool,toinvestigatetheidea.Zenatipracticedusingtherobotonaplasticmodelofthechestandthentestedtherobotinpigs.AcompanycalledMedroboticsinBostonisnowadaptingthetechnologyforsurgeriesonpeople.Evenafter15yearsofworkingwithhisteam'screations,“Istilldon'tgetboredofwatchingthemotionofmyrobots,"Chosetsays.16Chosetbegantobuildrobotsinhighschool.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Snakerobotscouldmoveinonlyfourdirections.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Chosetdidn’tbegindevelopinghisownsnakerobotsuntilhestartedworkingatCarnegieMellon,ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Choset’ssnakerobotscouldmakemoremovementsthantheonesothersdeveloped.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Theapplicationofathinroboticsnakemakesheartsurgeriesiesstime-consuming.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Zenatitestedtherobotonpeopleafterusingitinpigs.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21、B第六段、第七段只提到Zcnati在塑料制的外胸模型上練習(xí)使用機(jī)器蛇，然后再將機(jī)器蛇用于豬身上進(jìn)\o"行測(cè)"行測(cè)試，但并沒有在這之后又用于人測(cè)試，而是一個(gè)位于波士頓名叫Medro-botics的公司把這項(xiàng)技術(shù)用于人的手術(shù)，所以題干中提到的Zenati把機(jī)器蛇用在人身上進(jìn)行測(cè)試與文章本意不符。答案為B.22、C第七段只是提到Medrobotics公司目前把這項(xiàng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用到人類手術(shù)中，但并沒有提到因此給公司帶來高額利潤，所以題干中提到的信息在文中沒有顯示。答案為C.第3部分：概括大意與完成句子(第23-30題，每題1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1~4段每段選擇1個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27-30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。BlackHoles1Blackholescanbebestdescribedasasortofvacuum,suckingupeverythinginspace.Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars.Starsthatareneardeathcannolongerburnduetolossoffuel,andbecauseitstemperaturecannolongercontrolthegravitational(重力的)force,hydrogenendsupputtingpressureontothestar’ssurfaceuntilitsuddenlyexplodesthencollapses.2Blackholescomefromstarsthataremadeofhydrogen，othergasesandafewmetals.Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星質(zhì)量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces,andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle.Trytoseeandcompare;ifastarthat’stentimesthesizeofthesunendsupbeingablackholethat’snolongerthan70kilometers，thentheEarthwouldbecomeablackholethat'sonlyafractionofaninch!3Objectsthatgetsuckedinablackholewillalwaysremainthere，nevertobreakfree.Butrememberthatblackholescanonlygobbleup(吞噬)objectswithinaspecificdistancetoit.It’spossibleforalargestarnearthesuntobecomeablackhole，butthesunwillcontinuetostayinplace.Orbits(軌道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar,onlythistimeitsmassistotallycontractedthatitcanendupasnobiggerthanastate.4Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity.Intheend,throughnumerousstudies,theyhavediscoveredthatblackholestrulyexist.Sinceblackholestraplightanddonotgiveofflight,itisnearlyImpossibletodetectblackholesviaatelescope.Butastronomerscontinuetostudygalaxies(銀河系),spaceandthesolarsystemtounderstandhowblackholesmightevolve.Itispossiblethatblackholescanexistformillionsofyears，andlatercontributetoabiggerprocessingalaxies,whichcaneventuallyleadtocreationofnewentities(實(shí)體).Scientistsalsocreditblackholesashelpfulinlearninghowgalaxiesbegantoform.23、Paragraph1

24、Paragraph2

25、Paragraph3

26、Paragraph4

AHowareblackholesformed?BWhatareblackholesmadeof?CHowwereblackholesnamed?DWhataredifferenttypesofblackholes?EIsthereproofthatblackholesreallyexist?FWhathappenstotheobjectsaroundablackhole?27、Blackholesareformedafter

.28、Whenalargestarexplodes,thegravitycompactseverypieceinto

.29、Anewlyformedblackholeandthestaritcomesfromareof

.30、AlbertEinstein'stheoryofrelativityhelpstoprove

.AthetiniestparticleBafractionofaninchCthesameamountofmassDanexplosionofhugestarsEthecreationofnewentities27、D第一段第二句話，"Scientistshavediscoveredthatblackholescomefromanexplosionofhugestars"，意思是"科學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)黑洞來自于巨大恒星的爆炸"，所以答案是D，"巨大恒星的爆炸"。28、A第二段第二句話，"Whentheseexplodeitcanturnintoastellar-mass(恒星質(zhì)量)blackhole,whichcanonlyoccurifthestarislargeenough(shouldbebiggerthanthesun)fortheexplosiontobreakitintopieces，andthegravitystartstocompacteverypieceintothetiniestparticle"，意思是"只有在星體足夠大時(shí)，爆炸后才能變成恒星質(zhì)量的黑洞，因?yàn)楸ㄊ顾鼈冏兂善瑺睿缓笾亓﹂_始將每一片壓成最薄的粒子"。所以答案是A，"最薄的粒子"。29、C第三段第四句，"Orbits(軌道)donotchangebecausethenewlyformedblackholecontainsexactlythesameamountofmassaswhenitwasastar"，意恐是"新形成的黑洞的軌道不會(huì)變，因?yàn)樗馁|(zhì)量和它之前是恒星時(shí)的質(zhì)量一樣"。所以答案是C，"相同的質(zhì)量"。30、F第四段第一句話，"Sofar,astronomershavefiguredoutthatblackholesexistbecauseofAlbertEinstein’stheoryofrelativity"，意思是"到目前為止，天文學(xué)家已經(jīng)根據(jù)愛因斯坦的相對(duì)論算出黑洞的存在"。所以答案是F，"黑洞的存在"。第4部分：閱讀理解(第31-45題，每題3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇EnergyandPublicLandsTheUnitedStatesboastssubstantialenergyresources.FederallandsprovideagooddealofUSenergyproduction;theUSDepartmentoftheInteriormanagesfederalenergyleasing(租賃)，bothonlandandontheoffshoreOuterContinentalShelf.Productionfromthesesourcesamountstonearly30percentoftotalannualUSenergyproduction.In2000，32percentofUSoil，35percentofnaturalgas,and37percentofcoalwereproducedfromfederallands,representing20，000producingoilandgasleasesand135producingcoalleases.Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredUSoilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas.Revenuesfromfederaloil,gas,andcoalleasingprovidesignificantreturnstoUStaxpayersaswellasStategovernments.In1999,forexample，$553millioninoilandgasrevenueswerepaidtotheUSTreasury,andnon-Indiancoalleasesaccountedforover$304millioninrevenues，ofwhich50percentwerepaidtoStategovernments.Publiclandsalsoplayacriticalroleinenergydelivery.Eachyear,federallandmanagersauthorizerightsofwayfortransmissionlines,railsystems，pipelines,andotherfacilitiesrelatedtoenergyproductionanduse.Alternativeenergyproductionfromfederallandsfallsbehindconventionalenergyproduction,thoughtheamountisstillsignificant。Forexample,federalgeothermal(地?zé)?resourcesproduceabout7.5billionkilowatt-hours(千瓦時(shí))ofelectricityperyear,47percentofailelectricitygeneratedfromUSgeothermalenergy.Thereare2，960windturbinesonpubliclandsinCaliforniaalone,producingelectricityforabout300,000people.Federalhydropower(水電)facilitiesproduceabout17percentofallhydropowerproducedintheUnitedStates.BecauseofthegrowingUSthirstforenergyandincreasingpublicuneasewithdependenceonforeignoilsources,pressureonpubliclandstomeetUSenergydemandsisbecomingmoreintense.Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelanduseplanningprocess.Ifdevelopmentofenergyresourcesconflictswithmanagementoruseofotherresources,developmentrestrictionsorimpactmoderationmeasuresmaybeenforced，ormineralproductionmaybebannedaltogether.31Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?APubliclandsareoneofthemainsourcesofrevenues.BPubliclandsplayanimportantroleinenergyproduction.CPubliclandsshouldbedevelopedtoeaseenergyshortage.DPubliclandsstorehugeenergyresourcesforfurtherdevelopment.答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第一段主要講美國的公共土地提供了大量的能源生產(chǎn)，第二段主要講美國的石油、天然氣和煤礦資源有很多都是來自聯(lián)邦土地，第三段主要講聯(lián)邦土地的能源貢獻(xiàn)了大量的財(cái)政收人，第四段主要講聯(lián)邦土地所生產(chǎn)的其他能源數(shù)量仍然很大，最后一段主要講美國的公共土地在得到評(píng)估后才可用于發(fā)展能源。由此看出本義主要講的是公共土地在能源生產(chǎn)中扮演重要角色。答案是B。32WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofpubliclandsintheUS?AHalfofUSenergyisproducedthere.BThemajorityofundiscoverednaturalgasisstoredthere,CMostofcoalwasproducedfromtherein2000,DMostenergyresourcesarereservedthere.答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第二段最后一句話“Federallandsarealsoestimatedtocontainapproximately68percentofallundiscoveredUSoilreservesand74percentofundiscoverednaturalgas”，可以看出答案為B33Geothermalresources,windturbines,andhydropowerfacilitiesinParagraph4arecitedasexamplestoillustratethatAalternativeenergyproductionisnolessthanconventionalenergyproduction.Btheyarethemosttypicalconventionalenergyresourcesfrompubliclands.Ctheamountofalternativeenergyproductionfrompubliclandsishuge.Dgeothermalresourcesaremoreimportantthantheothertwo.答案：C35PubliclandscanbeusedforenergydevelopmentwhenAtheygothroughthelanduseplanningprocess.Benergydevelopmentrestrictionsareeffective,Cfederallandmanagersgrantpermissions.Dthereisenoughfederalbudget.答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：A第五段第二話“Publiclandsareavailableforenergydevelopmentonlyaftertheyhavebeenevaluatedthroughthelanduseplanningprocess”，可以明確答案是A。第二篇PuttingPlantstoWorkUsingthepowerofthesunisnothingnew.Peoplehavehadsolar-poweredcalculatorsandbuildingswithsolarpanels(太陽能電池板)fordecades.Butplantsaretherealexperts：They'vebeenusingsunlightasanenergysourceforbillionsofyears.Cellsinthegreenleavesofplantsworkliketinyfactoriestoconvertsunlight,carbondioxide(二氧化碳)，andwaterintosugarsandstarches(淀粉),storedenergythattheplantscanuse.Thisconversionprocessiscalledphotosynthesis(光合作用)?Unfortunately,unlessyou’reaplant,it’sdifficultandexpensivetoconvertsunlightintostorableenergy.That’swhyscientistsaretakingacloserlookatexactlyhowplantsdoit.Somescientistsaretryingtogetplants,orbiologicalcellsthatactlikeplants，toworkasverysmallphotosyntheticpowerstations.Forexample,MariaGhirardioftheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryinGolden,Colo.,isworkingwithgreenalgae(水藻).She'stryingtotrickthemintoproducinghydrogeninsteadofsugarswhentheyperformphotosynthesis.Oncetheresearcherscangetthealgaeworkingefficiently,thehydrogenthattheyproducecouldbeusedtopowerfuelcellsincarsortogenerateelectricity.Thealgaearegrowninnarrow-neckedglassbottlestoproducehydrogeninthelab.Duringphotosynthesis,plantsnormallymakesugarsorstarches.“Butundercertainconditions,alotofalgaeareabletousethesunlightenergynottostorestarch,buttomakehydrogen.”Ghirardisays.Forexample,algaewillproducehydrogeninanairfreeenvironment.It'stheoxygenintheairthatpreventsalgaefrommakinghydrogenmostofthetime.Workinginanairfreeenvironment,however,isdifficult.It’snotapracticalwaytoproducecheapenergy.ButGhirardiandhercolleagueshavediscoveredthatbyremovingachemicalcalledsulfate(硫酸鹽)fromtheenvironmentthatthealgaegrowin,theywillmakehydrogeninsteadofsugars,evenwhenairispresent.Unfortunately,removingthesulfatealsomakesthealgae'sceilsworkveryslowly,andnotmuchhydrogenisproduced.Still,theresearchersseethisasafirststepintheirgoaltoproducehydrogenefficientlyfromalgae.Withmorework,theymaybeabletospeedthecells’activityandproducelargerquantitiesofhydrogen.Theresearchershopethatalgaewillonedaybeaneasy-to-usefuelsource.Theorganismsarecheaptogetandtofeed,Ghirardisays,andtheycangrowalmostanywhere:“Youcangrowtheminareactor,inapond.Youcangrowthemintheocean.There’salotofflexibilityinhowyoucanusetheseorganisms.”36Howdoplantsrelatetosolarenergy?ATheyaretherealexpertsinproducingit.BTheyhavebeenasourceofit.CTheyhavebeenusedtoproduceit.DTheyhavebeenusingitforbillionsofyears.答案：D38AlgaeareabletousesolarenergytoproducehydrogenwhenAtheyaregrowninnarrow-neckedbottles.Bthereisenoughoxygenintheair.Cthereisnooxygenintheair.Denoughstarchisstored.答案：C職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第四段最后兩句話提到水藻在無空氣的環(huán)境下會(huì)產(chǎn)生氫，多數(shù)情況下空氣中的氧會(huì)阻礙水藻產(chǎn)生氫。所以答案是C，“空氣中無氧時(shí)”。39ResearchersfinditdifficulttomakealgaeproducehydrogenefficientlybecauseAitishardtocreateanairfreeenvironment.BremovingthesulfateslowsdownhydrogenproductionCitisexpensivetoremovethesulfatefromtheenvironment,Dthealgae’scellsworkslowlyifthereisnooxygenintheair.答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第六段第一句話講得很清楚“Unfortunately，removingthesulfatealsomakesthealgae’scellsworkveryslowly,andnotmuchhydrogenisproduced”，說明將硫酸鹽移走會(huì)使水藻細(xì)胞下作得很慢，而且氫也產(chǎn)生得不多。40WhatdoesGhirardisayaboutalgae?ATheycanbeagoodenergysource.BTheygrowfasterinareactor.CTheywillbeplantedeverywhere.DTheyarecheaptoeat.答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：最后一段中，Ghirardi說微生物能很便宜地得到，很容易喂養(yǎng)，他們幾乎在哪都能生長，如何使用這些微生物也很靈活。所以Ghimrdi的意思是微生物包括水藻可以是一個(gè)很好的能量來源。第三篇OntheTrailoftheHoneyBadgerOnarecentfieldtriptotheKalahariDesert,ateamofresearcherslearntalotmoreabouthoneybadgers(獾).Theteamemployedalocalwildlifeexpert,KitsoKhama，tohelpthemlocateandfollowthebadgersacrossthedesert.Theirmainaimwastostudythebadgers，movementsandbehaviourasdiscreetly(謹(jǐn)慎地)aspossible,withoutfrighteningthemawayorcausingthemtochangetheirnaturalbehaviour.Theyalsoplannedtotrapafewandstudythemdoseupbeforereleasingthem,inviewoftheanimal’sreputation,thiswassomethingthatevenKhamawasreluctanttodo.“Theproblemwithhoneybadgersistheyarenaturallycuriousanimals,especiallywhentheyseesomethingnew,”hesays.“That,combinedwiththeirunpredictablenature,canbeadangerousmixture.Iftheysenseyouhavefood,forexample,theywon’tbeshyaboutcomingrightuptoyouforsomethingtoeat.They’reactuallyquitesociablecreaturesaroundhumans,butassoonastheyfeeltheymightbeindanger,theycanbecomeextremelyvicious(兇惡的).Fortunatelythisisrare,butitdoeshappen.’，Theresearchconfirmedmanythingsthatwerealreadyknown.Asexpected,honeybadgersateanycreaturestheycouldcatchandkill.Evenpoisonoussnakes,fearedandavoidedbymostotheranimals,werenotsafefromthem.Theresearchersweresurprised,however,bytheanimal’sfondnessforlocalmelons,probablybecauseoftheirhighwatercontent.Previouslyresearchersthoughtthattheanimalgotallofitsliquidrequirementsfromitsprey(獵物).Theteamalsolearntthat,contrarytopreviousresearchfindings,thebadgersoccasionallyformedloosefamilygroups.Theywerealsoabletoconfirmcertainresultsfrompreviousresearch,includingthefactthatfemalebadgersneversocialisedwitheachother.Followingsomeofthemalebadgerswasachallenge,sincetheycancoverlargedistancesinashortspaceoftime.Somehuntingterritoriescovermorethan500squarekilometres.Althoughtheyseemhappytosharetheseterritorieswithothermales,thereareoccasionalfightsoveranimportantfoodsource,andmalebadgerscanbeasaggressivetowardseachotherastheyaretowardsotherspecies.Asthebadgersbecameaccustomedtothepresenceofpeople,itgavetheteamthechancetogetupclosetothemwithoutbeingthesubjectoftheanimals，curiosity—ortheirsuddenaggression.Thebadgers’eatingpatterns,whichhadbeendisrupted,returnedtonormal.Italsoallowedtheteamtoobservemorecloselysomeoftheothercreaturesthatformworkingassociationswiththehoneybadger,astheseseemedtoadoptthebadgers，relaxedattitudewhennearhumans.41WhydidthewildlifeexpertsvisittheKalahariDesert?ATofindwherehoneybadgerslive.BToobservehowhoneybadgersbehave.CTocatchsomehoneybadgersforfood.DTofindoutwhyhoneybadgershaveabadreputation.答案：B職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第一段第三句：Theirmainaimwastostudythebadgers1movementsandbehaviourasdiscreetly(謹(jǐn)慎地)aspossible.可推斷出此次調(diào)查的目的是了解獾的習(xí)性。42WhatdoesKitsoKhamasayabouthoneybadgers?ATheyshowinterestinthingstheyarenotfamiliarwith.BTheyarealwayslookingforfood.CTheydonotenjoyhumancompany.DItiscommonforthemtoattackpeople.答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：第二段講述了Khama對(duì)獾的評(píng)價(jià)，即它們有很強(qiáng)的好奇心43Whatdidtheteamfindoutabouthoneybadgers?AThereweresomecreaturestheydidnoteat.BTheywereafraidofpoisonouscreatures.CTheymaygetsomeofthewatertheyneededfromfruit.DFemalebadgersdidnotmixwithmalebadgers.答案：C45Whathappenedwhenhoneybadgersgotusedtohumansaroundthem?ATheylostinterestinpeople.BTheybecamelessaggressivetowardsothercreatures.CTheystartedeatingmore.DOtheranimalsstartedworkingwiththem.答案：A職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)名師解析：最后一段第一句：Asthebadgersbecameaccustomedtothepresenceofpeople,itgavetheteamthechancetogetupclosetothemwithoutbeingthesubjectoftheanimals'curiosi-ty—ortheirsuddenaggression.獾在習(xí)慣人的存在之后興趣就不那么濃厚了。第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46~50題，每題2分，共10分)下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。TheToughGrassthatSweetensOurLivesSugarcanewasonceawildgrassthatgrewinNewGuineaandwasusedbylocalpeopleforroofingtheirhousesandfencingtheirgardens.Graduallyadifferentvarietyevolvedwhichcontainedsucrose(蔗糖)andwaschewedonforitssweettaste.Overtime,sugarcanebecameahighlyvaluablecommercialplant，grownthroughouttheworld.___(46)Sugarbecameavitalingredientinallkindsofthings,fromconfectionery(糖果點(diǎn)心)tomedicine,and,asthedemandforsugargrew,theindustrybecamelargerandmoreprofitable.___(47)Manycropswithered(枯萎)anddied,despitegrowers,attemptstosavethem,andtherewerefearsthatthehealthoftheplantwouldcontinuetodeteriorate.Inthe1960s，scientistsworkinginBarbadoslookedforwaystomakethecommercialspeciesstrongerandmoreabletoresistdisease.Theyexperimentedwithbreedingprogrammes,mixinggenesfromthewildspeciesofsugarcane,whichtendstobetougher,withgenesfromthemoredelicate,commercialtype.___(48)Thissugarcaneisnotyetreadytobesoldcommercially,butwhenthishappens,itisexpectedtobeincrediblyprofitablefortheindustry.___(49)Brazil,whichproducesonequarteroftheworld’ssugar,hascoordinatedaninternationalprojectunderProfessorPauloArrudooftheUniversidadeEstaudualdeCampinasinSaoPaulo.Teamsofexpertshaveworkedwithhimtodiscovermoreaboutwhichpartsofthegeneticstructureoftheplantareimportantfortheproductionofsugaranditsoverallhealth.Despitealltheresearch,however,westilldonotfullyunderstandhowthegenesfunctioninsugarcane.___(50)Thisgeneisparticularlyexcitingbecauseitmakestheplantresistanttorust,adiseasewhichprobablyoriginatedinIndia,butisnowcapableofinfectingsugarcaneacrosstheworld.Scientistsbelievetheywilleventuallybeabletogrowaplantwhichcannotbedestroyedbyrust.AEventually,acommercialplantwasdevelopedwhichwas5percentsweeterthanbefore,butalsomuchstrongerandlesslikelytodiefromdisease.BSincethe1960s,scientistshavebeenanalysingthemysteriesofthesugarcane，sgeneticcode.COnemajorgenehasbeenidentifiedbyDr.AngeliqueD’HontandherteaminMontpelier,France.DThemajorityoftheworld'ssugarnowcomesfromthisparticularcommercialspecies.ESugarcaneisnowmuchmorevigorousandthesupplyofsugaristhereforemoreguaranteed.50C前文講到我們現(xiàn)在還沒完全了解甘蔗的基因，后文提到thisgene，是特指前文中的一種主要基因，C選項(xiàng)中提到科學(xué)家找出了一種主要基因，與題意相符。第6部分：完形填空(第51-65題，每題1分，共15分)下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。WhyIndiaNeedsItsDyingVulturesThevultures(禿鷹)inquestionmaylookuglyandthreatening,butthesuddensharpdeclineinthreespeciesofIndia’svulturesisproducingalarmratherthancelebration,andItpresentstheworldwithanewkindofenvironmentalproblem.Thedramatic(51)invulturenumbersiscausingwidespreaddisruptiontopeoplelivinginthe(52)areasasthebirds.Itisalsocausingseriouspublichealthproblems(53)theIndiansub—continent.WhiletheirreputationandappearancemaybeunpleasanttomanyIndians,vultureshave(54)playedaveryimportantroleinkeepingtownsandvillagesalloverIndia(55).Itisbecausetheyfeedondeadcows.InIndia,cowsaresacredanimalsandare(56)leftintheopenwhentheydieinthousandsuponthousands