句子成分分析前四種

WeeklyEnglishTrainingSentenceComponents

September5,2014MaggieLiu目錄主語(yǔ)（Subject）謂語(yǔ)（Predicate）賓語(yǔ)（Object）表語(yǔ)（Predicative）定語(yǔ)（Attribute）狀語(yǔ)（Adverbial）補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（Complement）同位語(yǔ)（Appositive）獨(dú)立成分（Independentcomponent）1.主語(yǔ)（Subject）定義：形式：位置：謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示所說(shuō)的“是什么”或“是誰(shuí)”。一般由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、相當(dāng)于名詞的單詞或者短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞、句子或從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。大多數(shù)主語(yǔ)都放在句首。也有放在句中和句尾的情況。（1）名詞做主語(yǔ)（什么）DeepinOSisverygood.（2）代詞做主語(yǔ)（誰(shuí)）WeworkinDeepinCompany.（3）數(shù)詞做主語(yǔ)Threeareenough.（4）不定式做主語(yǔ)Toreplyusers'questionsisoneofmyjobs.（5）相當(dāng)于名詞的單詞或者短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)Therichshouldhelpthepoor.（6）動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)Growingrosesisherhobby.（7）句子做主語(yǔ)“Howdoyoudo?"isagreeting.（8）從句做主語(yǔ)Whatweneedisthesupportfromusers.放句中Therearesomebooksinthebox.放句尾Itneedsthreemonthstobuildthehouse.主語(yǔ)改錯(cuò)eg.Doexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Todoexercise

isgoodforyourhealth.Doingexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.Itisgoodforyourhealth

todoexercise.找出下列句子中的主語(yǔ)a.DeepinOSisdifferentfromUbuntu.b.It'sagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.c.TheteacherwithabookinherhandsisMissLin.d.Todotoday'shomeworkwithouttheteacher'shelpisverydifficult.2.謂語(yǔ)（Predicate）定義：形式：位置：注意：表示主語(yǔ)的行為或狀態(tài)；說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么、做什么或怎么樣簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。大多數(shù)謂語(yǔ)都放在句中。謂語(yǔ)存在多種時(shí)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)必須在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。（1）簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)Ilikethebook.Openthedoor,please!動(dòng)詞詞組做謂語(yǔ)Theplanetookoffat5:00PM.Whydidn'tyoucomebacklastnight?動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)作名詞Ihadaswimyesterday.（2）復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主要?jiǎng)釉~Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Whatdoesthiswordmean?系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)Thatideasoundsgreat!Wearestudents.Keepquiet.系動(dòng)詞的主要分類：1）狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞beHeis

ateacher.2）持續(xù)系動(dòng)詞keep,rest,remain,stay,standHealwayskeptsilentatmeeting.3）表像系動(dòng)詞seem,appear,lookHelookstired.

4）感官系動(dòng)詞feel,smell,sound,tasteThiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.

5）變化系動(dòng)詞

e,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,runHebecamemadafterthat.

6）終止系動(dòng)詞prove,turnout

Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.找出謂語(yǔ)Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Heisinterestedinmusic.Putawayyourbooksrightnow!Thecaketastesgood!Youcouldtryitagain.3.賓語(yǔ)（Object）定義：形式：位置：表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象。由名詞、名詞化的形容詞或分詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句充當(dāng)。通常放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或介詞之后。（1）名詞做賓語(yǔ)IuseDeepinOS.（2）名詞化形容詞或分詞做賓語(yǔ)Ishalldomypossible.Heneverdidtheunexpected.（3）代詞做賓語(yǔ)Heoftenhelpsme.（4）數(shù)詞做賓語(yǔ)Howmanydoyouwant?Weneedtwo.（5）不定式做賓語(yǔ)IliketouseDeepinOS.（6）動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)HeenjoyedlivinginChina.（7）從句做賓語(yǔ)IbelievethattheywillinstallDeepinOS.

賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Don'tmakeyourhandsdirty.

間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)HeteachesmeEnglish.Hebringsabook

to

me.Lucywillarrangearoom

forme.

形式賓語(yǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)IthinkithardtofinishthisdifficultjobbeforeSunday.

介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)Idecidedtogowithher.找出賓語(yǔ)Youmustpayattentiontoyourjob.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.Theythinkitimpossibletogettothestationinsuchashorttime.4.表語(yǔ)（Predicative）定義：形式：位置：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)是什么或怎么樣由名詞、代詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)名詞、分詞或從句充當(dāng)。通常放在系動(dòng)詞之后。（1）名詞做表語(yǔ)Myfatherisateacher.

（2）代詞做表語(yǔ)Thatbookismine.（3）形容詞做表語(yǔ)Youlookyoungerthanbefore.（4）數(shù)詞做表語(yǔ)Shewasthefirsttoknowaboutit.（5）副詞作表語(yǔ)Everyoneishere.（6）不定式做表語(yǔ)MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.（7）介詞短語(yǔ)做表語(yǔ)Theyareatthetheater.（8）動(dòng)名詞做表語(yǔ)Hisjobistrainingthenurses.（9）分詞做表語(yǔ)Ifeltleftout.Thenewsisencouraging.（10）從句做表語(yǔ)That'swhyhedidn'tc