閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題解題技巧課件

閱讀理解解題技巧之StrategiesforQuestionsofDetails細(xì)節(jié)理解題閱讀理解解題技巧之StrategiesforQuesti.主旨大意作者意圖、觀點態(tài)度細(xì)節(jié)理解猜測詞義推理判斷20141111252013319252012211313項目數(shù)量年份.主旨大意作者意圖、觀點態(tài)度細(xì)節(jié)理解猜測詞義推理判斷2014Intheanimalkingdom,weaknesscanbringaboutaggressioninotheranimal.Thissometimeshappenswithhumansalso.ButIhavefoundthatmyweaknessbringsoutthekindnessinpeople.Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.AndIhavediscoveredthatitmakesthemhappy.26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen______.

A.theyoffertheirhelpB.theyreceiveothers’helpC.theyfeelothers’kindnessD.theyshowtheirweaknessA2011年廣東

迅速定位：在題干找定位詞1Intheanimalkingdom,weaknes解題思路：如何迅速地找答案？1.定位信息點－－通過尋讀法，用題干中的關(guān)鍵詞（包括專有名詞、數(shù)詞、實體名詞、形容詞、副詞，以及這些詞的同義詞）在文中搜索，迅速確定相關(guān)詞句或信息點所在的位置，縮小閱讀范圍。注意：文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的專有名詞是全文描述對象的中心，沒有唯一出處，所以不能算是定位詞。

2.排除字眼相同或相近但意思相悖的選項，正確選項與原文意思相同但表達(dá)不同。

解題思路：Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.Theydon’tgettoseethissoftsideofothers.Often,wetryeverywaypossibletoavoidshowingourweakness,whichincludesalotofpretending.Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwe’rebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthat’sinthem.Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause________.A.hehasasoftheartB.hereliesmuchonothersC.somepeoplepretendtobekind.D.somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers鞏固練習(xí)1D2011年廣東Frommywheelchairexperience,Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededfortheapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportfortheduty.Inhisapplicationforthevolunteerjob,theauthor_________.A.participatedinmanydiscussionsB.wentthroughchallengingsurvivaltestsC.wrotequiteafewpapersonvoluntaryworkD.facedstrongcompetitionfromothercandidates鞏固練習(xí)2survivaltests生存測試2014年廣東DEventually,however,IwontheWhenIwasgrowingupinAmerica,Iwasashamedofmymother’sChineseEnglish.BecauseofherEnglish,shewasoftentreatedunfairly.Peopleindepartmentstores,atbanks,andatrestaurantsdidnottakeherseriously,didnotgivehergoodservice,pretendednottounderstandher,orevenactedasiftheydidnothearher.

Whywastheauthor’smotherpoorlyserved?

A.ShewasunabletospeakgoodEnglish.

B.Shewasoftenmisunderstood.

C.Shewasnotclearlyheard.

D.Shewasnotverypolite.

2010年廣東A迅速定位：找題干定位詞2WhenIwasgrowingupinAmeri解題思路：題干設(shè)計有時候會避開原文中所用的詞匯，而用其同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或同根詞設(shè)題。做這類題目時，考生需要對原文信息進(jìn)行加工處理，然后再進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的推理或鑒別，這是介于事實細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間的一種題型，對考生來說有一定難度。解題思路：題干設(shè)計有時候會避開原文中所用的詞匯，而用其同義詞Butthekeyissueisreallymoney．Chinaisalreadyspendinghundredsofbillionsofyuanondomesticrailwayexpansion．

Accordingtothepassage，

thegreatestchallengetothenewhigh-speedrailwayplanis________．

A．technicalissuesB．safetyofthesystem

C．financialproblemsD．maintenanceofrailwaytracks

鞏固練習(xí)2010年江蘇CButthekeyissueisreallymoFoodsometimesgetspoisonedwithkindsofharmfulthings.Apersonwhoeatssuchfoodcangetanillnesscalledfoodpoisoning.Foodpoisoningisusuallynotserious,butsometypesaredeadly.Thesymptomsoffoodpoisoningusuallybeginwithinhoursofeatingthepoisonedfood.Feverisoneofthemostcommonsymptoms.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Foodpoisonedcanmakepeoplesick.B.Foodpoisoningmeansdeath.C.Foodpoisoningcomesinvarieties.D.Foodpoisoningcanbeserious.迅速定位：2.找選項中的定位詞BFoodsometimesgetspoisonedwJaekwon’snewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssize,butalsoinitssemiconductor(半導(dǎo)體).Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.“Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergy,partoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure(晶格結(jié)構(gòu))ofthesolidsemiconductor,”Kwonsaid.“Byusingaliquidsemiconductor,webelievewecanminimizethatproblem.”TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertson,chemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactor,Kwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuture,theyhopetoincreasethebattery’spower,shrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatthebatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.AccordingtoJaeKwon,hisnuclearbattery_____.

A.usesasolidsemiconductor

B.willsoonreplacethepresentones

C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltestCJaekwon’snewideaisnot數(shù)字計算題解題思路：數(shù)字計算題也是近幾年高考中常考的內(nèi)容，解答此類試題的方法是先來理解文章的大意，然后經(jīng)過對比、分析、計算等就能夠得出正確的答案。數(shù)字計算題解題思路：Morepersonalizedwildlifeviewinglimitedto130peopleprovidingcloserviewingofthepenguinarrivalthanthemainviewingstands.Adult$25.00Child$12.50Howmuchwouldacouplewithonechildpayforacloserviewingtour?A$37.50.B.$62.50.C.$25.00.D.$12.50.B2014高三模擬MorepersonalizedwildlifevieHowNat’sTwitterFeederWorks:Whenamessageissentto@feedtobyitisreceivedbyamini-computerthatislinkedtothefoodmachine.Whenthemini-computerreceivesthemessage,abellringsandTobycomesrunningoverandsitsinfrontofthefeedingmachine.Nextthemachine’smotorpullsopenatrapdoorwhichreleasesaservingoffood.ThedoggybiscuitsthendropsintoToby'sfoodbowl.FinallyadigitalcameratakesaphotoofhimandsendsitbacktoNatonTwitter-soheknowsTobyhasbeenfed.34.WhichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofhowtheTwitterFeederworks?a.Thebellgoesoff.b.Amessageissentto@feedtoby.c.Themini-computergetsthemessage.d.ThedigitalcameratakesaphotoofTobyandsendsittoNat.e.Themotorstartstoworkandopensthedoortoreleasedogfood.A.a,b,c,e,dB.b,c,e,a,dC.b,c,a,e,dD.c,b,a,d,eC四、排序題HowNat’sTwitterFeederWorks排列順序題解題思路：做這種題時可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一個事件和最后一個事件，迅速縮小選擇范圍，從而快速選出正確答案。排列順序題解題思路：In1905,AlbertEinsteinpublishedsomeimportantpapersinaGermanscientificmagazine.Theyincludedoneofthemostimportantscientificdocumentsinhistory.Itexplainedwhatcametobecalledhis“SpecialTheoryofRelativity”.Tenyearslater,heexpandedittoa“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.In1921,hewontheNobelPrizeinPhysics.Itwasgiventohimnotforhistheoriesofrelativity,butforhisdiscoveryofthelawofthephotoelectriceffect.AlbertEinsteinleftGermanyin1933.hemovedtotheUnitedStatestocontinuehisresearch.EinsteinbecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesin1940.What’stherightorderofthefollowingeventsaboutAlbertEinstein?aHebecameacitizenoftheUnitedStatesbHewontheNobelPrizeinPhysicscHePutforwardhis“GeneralTheoryofRelativity”.dHeleftGermanyfortheUnitedStatesAd,b,c,aBd,a,c,bCb,c,d,aDc,b,d,aD鞏固練習(xí)In1905,AlbertEinsteinpubli綜合檢測【2010全國II】A篇

WhenIwassix,Dadbroughthomeadogoneday,whowascalled“Brownie”,MybrothersandIalllovedBrownieanddiddifferentthingswithher.Oneofuswouldwalkher,anotherwouldfeedher,thentherewerebaths,playingcatchandmanyothergames.Brownie,inreturn,lovedeachandeveryoneofus.Onethingthatmosttouchedmyheartwasthatshewouldgotowhoeverwassickandjustbewiththem.Wealwaysfeltbetterwhenshewasaround.41.WhatwouldBrowniedowhensomeonewasillinthefamily?

A.Lookatthemsadly.B.Keepthemcompany.

C.Playgameswiththem.D.Touchthemgently.

B綜合檢測【2010全國II】A篇

WhenIwassi小結(jié)：

細(xì)節(jié)理解解題方法

三大法寶：順序原則、定位詞、排除法

1.把握解題的順序原則。一般來說隱含題目答案的位置與題目的順序是一致的，這能幫助我們縮小尋找范圍，大大提高效率。

2.通過定位詞尋找出題點

通過定位詞解題，就是說我們在閱讀題干的時候迅速的把題干中有標(biāo)記意義的詞或詞組劃記出來，然后用這個詞回到原文當(dāng)中定位。

3.排除法

（1）正確選項的特征

正確選項雖然一般不是原文照搬，但是一般是原文的改寫，意思不變。如換一個同義詞，把否定改為肯定，把肯定改為否定等。a．張冠李戴：把A事物的特點說成是B事物的，企圖混淆視聽。b.斷章取義：抓住一個字眼或細(xì)節(jié)做文章，對作者本意歪曲的理解。

c.過度猜測：文中并沒有出現(xiàn)和選項一致的直接信息，選項對文意進(jìn)行了不切實際的過度猜測。小結(jié)：細(xì)節(jié)理解解題方法

三大法寶：順序原則、定位詞、排除AtraincrashhappenedlateSaturdaywhentrainD301hitTrainD3115nearWenzhouinJiangsuProvince,leavingatleast39peopledeadand192othersinjured.Q:Howmanypersonsweredeadandinjuredintheaccident?A.Atleast39B.192C.About231D.About153綜合檢測1CAtraincrashhappenedlateSaButDavid’sbiggestheadacheiswhattodowithhismoney.Eventhoughheearnsalot,hecannotdriveacar,takeoutamortgage,orgetcreditcards.DavidgothisjobwiththeLiverpool-basecompanyfourmonthsago,ayearafterleavingschoolwithsixO-levelsandworkingforatimeinacomputershop.“IgotthejobbecausethepeoplewhorunthefirmknewIhadalreadywrittensomeprograms,”hesaid.Davidspendssomeofhismoneyonrecordsandclothes,andgiveshismother50poundsaweek.Butmostofhissparetimeisspentworking.Q:WhywasDavidabletogetthejobinthecompany?A.Hehaddonewellinallhisexams.B.hehadwrittensomecomputerprograms.C.Hewasgoodatplayingcomputergames.D.Hehadlearnttousecomputersatschool.綜合檢測2BButDavid’sbiggestheadachei

JudyForemanspottedthesamephraseonawarehousewallfarawayfromhome.Whenitstayedonhermindfordays,shegaveupanddroveallthewaybacktocopyitdown.“Ithoughtitwasbeautiful,”shesaid,explainingwhyshe’dtakentowritingitatthebottomofallherletters,“l(fā)ikeamessagefromabove.”32.JudyForemancopieddownthephrasebecauseshe______..A.thoughtitwasbeautifullywrittenB.wantedtoknowwhatitreallymeantC.decidedtowriteitonawarehousewallD.wantedherhusbandtoputitupintheclassroomA2014年高考A2014年高考Oneofhismostfamouscontributions,theHippocraticOath,isthefoundationofcontemporarymedicalethics(道德).Amongotherthings,itrequiresaphysiciantoswearthatheorshewillhelpthesick,keeponeselffromintentionalwrong-doingorharm,andkeepsecretallmatterstokeepthedoctor-patientrelationship.34.AllofthefollowingareincludedintheHippocraticOathEXCEPT________.A.helpingpatientsB.keepingoneselffromharmingpatientsC.keepingsecretallmatterstomaintainagoodrelationshipwiththepatientsD.obeyingrulesformodernmedicinepracticeD無中生有ABCOneofhismostfamouscontribThebabywasinareceivingblanketwithhisheadcoveredfor

theshorttripthroughthecoldair-conditionedcorridor.Thebabywas

placedinhismother'sarms,whoeasedtheblanketbacksothatshecould

lookatherchildforthefirsttime.Shetookonelookatherbaby'sfaceandlookedtoherhusbandandgasped,

“Oh,Honey!Look!Hehasyourears!”38.Whatistrueaboutthebaby’smother?A.Sheblamedherhusbandforthebaby’sbigears.B.Shewasthefirsttodiscoverthebaby’slargeears.C.Shesuggestedhavinganoperationonthebabyimmediately.D.Shefoundsomethingsimilarbetweenthebabyanditsfather.D無中生有無中生有2012茂名二模無中生有ThebabywasinareceivingblThefutureseemedterribleandmanywerewonderingiftheywouldmakeitthroughthestorm.Andthen,Isuddenlysawagirltowhomthestormmeantnothing.Shejustsatonherseatandwasreadingabook.Everythingwithinhersmallworldwascalmandorderly.Sometimessheclosedhereyes,thenshewouldreadagain;thenshewouldstraightenherlegs,butworryandfearwerenotinherworld.29．Whichistherightorderofthedescriptionaboutthegirlwhenotherswerescaredhalftodeath?

a．Sheclosedhereyes.

b．Shestraightenedherlegs.

c．Shewentonreading.

d．Shesatonherseatreading.

A．d-a-c-bB．d-c-a-b

C．a(chǎn)-d-b-cD．a(chǎn)-b-c-dA2014深圳一模Thefutureseemedterribleand1.Deathwillcomemainlyfromaccidents,murderandwar.Today'sleadingkillers,suchasheartdiseases,cancer,andagingitself,willbecomedistantmemory.Accordingtothepassage,humandeathisnowmainlycausedby____.A．diseasesandagingB．a(chǎn)ccidentsandwarC．a(chǎn)ccidentsandagingD．heartdiseaseandwarA1.Deathwillcomemainlyfrom3.Imaginationandfantasycanplayanimportantroleinachievingthethingswefear.Childrenknowthisverywell.FredEpstein,inhisbookIfIMakeIttoFive,tellsastoryheheardfromoneoffriendsaboutTom,afour-year-oldboywithacancerinhisbackbone.Hecamethroughseveraloperationsandalotofpainbymasteringhisimagination.26.WhatdoweknowaboutTom?A.HewasseriouslyillB.Hewasadishonestboy.C.HewascrazyaboutmagicD.HewasDr.Epstein'spatientA2013年高考3.Imaginationandfantasycan4.HisdogTobygetssomedeliciousdogbiscuitsfromacomputer-controlledfoodmachinewheneverNatsendsamessageto“@feedtoby”.Natoftenworksawayfromhomeandisn’talwaysabletofeedTobybyhand.ButhisnewinventionallowsNattofeedhisdogfromanywhereintheworld.（2014廣州一模）31.Nathasinventedahigh-techwaytofeedhisdogbecausehe__________.A.wantshisfriendstofeedTodyB.hasverystrongcomputingskillsC.isoftentoobusytofeedhisdogD.doesn’tliketofeedTodybyhandC4.HisdogTobygetssomede（2014廣州一模）5.Inthestudy,10