黑龍江省雙鴨山一高2020-2021學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期6月月考英語(yǔ)試卷

高二英語(yǔ)月考考試試題第一部分閱讀理解：總計(jì)40分第一節(jié)（包括4個(gè)閱讀理解，共15個(gè)小題，每小題2分，共計(jì)30分）AHealthyPlanet,HealthyPeople:WetalkalotaboutthehealthyplanethereatPlanetpals,butwedon’twanttolosesightoftheimportanceofahealthybodyaswell.Makesurethefoodyoueatandthefoodyoubuyarecleanandnutritious,too!Thatmakesyouhealthierandhappier.Foodsthataresafefromharmfulbacteria,viruses,parasites(寄生蟲(chóng)),andchemicalfertilizerarevitalforhealth.Safemeansthatthefoodbringslittleriskoffoodborneillness.Farmers,restaurants,andshopshavestandardstokeepthingssafe.However,wealsoneedtokeepandpreparefoodssafelyinthehome,andbealertwhenweareout.Afewhealthprecautions(預(yù)防措施)aboutyourfood:?AttheStore:?Lookatthedatesonallpackaging?Checknutritionfactsonthepackage,buyhealthyfoods!?Separate.Separateraw,cooked,andreadytoeatfoodswhileshopping.?AtHome?Washhandsandsurfacesoften.?Washmeats,fruitsandvegetablesthoroughly?Cookfoodstoasafetemperature.?Checkandfollowthelabelcooking/storinginstructions.?Servesafely.Keephotfoodshotandcoldfoodscold.?Readlabelscarefullybeforestoring!?Whenindoubt,throwitout.BeaPlanetpalEatHealthy.BeHealthy!1．Whatisessentialtokeepahealthybody?A.Nutritiousandsafefood.B.Foodfreeofpests.C.Healthprecautionsinourlife.D.Lowriskoffoodborneillness.2．Whatshouldyoudobeforekeepingfood?A.Washthesurfacethoroughly.B.Payattentiontolabels.C.Heatfoodtoacertaintemperature.D.Checknutritionfactsbeforeseparate.3．What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.TointroducePlanetpals.B.Toexpandknowledgeaboutfood.C.Tocallonpeopletokeepfoodsafeathome.D.Tooffertipsonhowtotreatfoodproperly.BInthespringof1870,ayoungmancalledJacobRiistraveledacrosstheAtlanticOceantoNewYorkCity,whocamefromDenmark.Hewasjusttwentyoneyearsold.InhisfirstyearsinAmericaitwasdifficulttogetajob.JacobRiishadtogofromplacetoplaceseekingwork.Atlast,JacobRiisgotajobwritingforanewspaperinNewYorkCity.Thiswashischance.Hefinallyfoundaprofessionthatwouldleadtohislifework—makingtheworldabetterplaceforpoorpeople.Thenewspapersenthimtopoliceheadquartersforstories.Therehesawlifeatitsworst,especiallyinaverypoorpartofNewYorkwhichwasknownasMulberryBend.PeoplehadnowayoffindingouthowterriblethelivesofpeoplewereinMulberryBend.Butasanewspaperreporter,hecouldfindthetruth.Andhewrotemanystoriesaboutthelifethere.Riisstartedapersonalwaragainstslumhouses(貧民窟),thesorthesawinMulberryBend.Healsoworkedtogetlawsagainstchildlabor,andmadesurethattheselawswereobeyed.Andhehelpedestablishcentersforolderpeople.Hisbook,HowtheOtherHalfLives,waspublishedin1890.Hebecamefamous.TheodoreRoosevelt,presidentoftheUnitedStates,calledRiisthemostusefulcitizeninNewYorkCity.Riiscontinuedtowriteaboutconditionsthatwereinneedofmajorreform.Histwelvebooks,includingChildrenofthePoor,helpedimproveconditionsinthecity.Thebooksalsomadehimpopularasaspeakerinothercities.JacobRiis’sconcernforthepoorkepthimsobusywritingandspeakingaroundthecountrythatheruinedhishealth.Hediedin1914.4.WheredidRiislivein1869?A.InNewYorkCity.B.InMulberryBend.C.InDenmark.D.Inaslumhouse.5.WhydidRiisregardwriterashislifetimeprofession?A.Toimprovethelifeofthepoorpeople.B.Tofindandtellpeoplethetruth.Toearnmoremoney.D.Tomakehimselfliveabetterlife.6.WhatdidRiisdotohelppeopleinMulberryBend?A.Madelawsagainstchildlabor.B.Workedhardtochangethepoor’slivingconditionsthere.Foughtwiththepeopleinslumhouses.Helpedtofoundcentersforyoungchildrenandoldpeople.7.What’sthepurposeoftheauthorwritingthearticle?A.TomakealltheAmericansliveahappierandbetterlife.Toshowpeopleabetterworldawriterwasfightingfor.Tointroduceawriterfightingforthepoor’sbetterlife.Toshowthehardlifeofreporterlivingintheslumhouse.COverthepastfivedecadesmosquitopopulationsinpartsoftheU.S.haveskyrocketedbyafactorof10asituationwithworryingimplicationsforthespreadofdiseases.Andsomeplacesareapparentlymoreeasilyaffectedthanothers.AnewstudyintheJournalofMedicalEntomologyfoundthatinBaltimore,lowineneighborhoodsbearthebiggestburden:theyhavenotonlymoremosquitoesbutalsolargerones,whichoftensurvivelonger.TheproblemmostlikelyisrootedinthefactthatBaltimorehasnearly17,000abandonedbuildings,whichareconcentratedineconomicallydisadvantagedareasandserveasconvenientmosquitobreedingzones.paredwithprosperousblocks,lowineblockshavemoreabandonedbuildingsandaremoreheavilylitteredwiththrownawaycontainersthatcollectstandingwater.Andwaterthatpoolsinabandonedbuildingsisprotectedbyshadewhichhelpsmosquitoesgrowlarger.Somecitiestakeeffortstoplanttreesinlowineblocksbutmayactuallyworsentheproblem:treesandbushesnotonlyshadeoutdoorbreeding(繁殖)poolsbutalsoshedleavesintothewaterandfeedthemosquitolarvae(幼蟲(chóng)),helpingthemgrowbigger.Worsestill,climatechangecouldworsenthediseaselandscapebybroadeninghabitatsandlengtheningthetimeeverysummerthatmosquitoescanbreedandsurvive.Citiesmay,then,needtofocusmoremosquitocontroleffortsontheseareas.Urbanhealthdepartmentstypicallyeducatehomeownersabouttheimportanceofemptyingwateroutofoutdoorcontainers.Butnobodyemptiesthoseinoraroundabandonedbuildings.“Itissomethingthatisfairlydifficultforacitytoaddressbecauseit’sreallyexpensivetogointoprivatebelongingsandcleanthemup,”saysDinaFonseca,amolecularecologistatRutgers8.Whatdoesthephrase“afactorof10”inParagraph1referto?A.Ahighrate. B.Amajorcause.C.Abigconcern. D.Aspecialsituation.9.WhyisthespreadofdiseasesrelativelymoreseriousinpoorneighborhoodsinBaltimore?A.Becausepeopletherelacktheawarenessofwastesorting.B.Becausepeopletherepaylittleattentiontowaterprotection.C.Becausemoreabandonedbuildingsserveashabitatsformosquitoesthere.D.Becausemorethrownawaycontainersarecollectedforreusethere.10.Whichofthefollowingsolutionsiswellintentionedbutmayresultinoppositeeffects?A.Changingofficials’ideas. B.Plantingmoretrees.C.Emptyingwatercontainers. D.Cleaningabandonedbuildings.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toplainaboutthepoorhousing. B.Tooffersometreatmentsfordiseases.C.Tointroduceanewspeciesofmosquitoes. D.Toappealformosquitocontrolefforts.DTensofthousandsofdrone(無(wú)人機(jī))ownerswillhavetoregistertheirdevicesforthefirsttimeunderregulationsdesignedtosafeguardprivacy.RulesintroducedyesterdayrequirealldronesthatarefittedwithcamerastobeloggedwiththeCivilAviationAuthority(CAA).Anyonewhofailstodosofacesbeingtakentocourtandfinedupto￡1,000.Dronesheavierthan250galreadyhavetoberegisteredwiththeCAA,whichcosts￡9andmustberenewedannually,butthenewmeasuresextendthisrequirementtoalldevices,includingthelightweightmodelsthatareusedbyhobbyistpilots.Themoveesaftersharpriseinthenumberofdronesboughtbyenthusiastsorthoseoperatingthemformercialreasons,suchastoinspectinfrastructureorforphotographyandfilming.However,therisehaspromptedconcernsoverprivacy,withfearsthatdronesarebeingusedtospyonprivateresidencesandotherbuildings.Ithasalsoledtoanincreaseinthenumberofnearmissesbetweendronesandotheraircraft,includingmercialpassengerjets.Thelatestfiguresshow531nearmissesinvolvingdroneswereloggedinthepastdecade,including125recordedin2019.Bylawdronesaresupposedtobeoperatedwithinanoperator'slineofsight.Theyhavetoremainbelowanaltitudeof400fttoavoidinterferingwithaircraftandflownatleast164ftawayfrompeopleandbuildings.Thegovernmenthasalreadytoughenedupregulationsinrecentyears.Thisincludesrequiringalloperatorstopassanonlinetestbeforebeingallowedtoflydevices.Otherchangestotheregulationsincludeallowingdronesthatweighupto25kgtobeoperated,paredwithapreviouslimitof20kg.Deviceswillalsofallintothreenewcategoriesofriskhigh,mediumandlowdependingonhowtheywillbeflown.Lowriskdrones,includingthosetypicallyusedbyhobbyists,willhaveoperationallimitationsbutwillnotneedauthorisation（授權(quán)）forflights.Authorisationisneededforlargermediumriskandhighriskdroneflights,whicharetypicallycarriedoutinmoreplexenvironments,includingthosebeyondtheoperator'slineofsight,whichisbannedundernormalcircumstances.ChristianStruwe,thedirectorofpublicpolicy,saidofthenewregulation:"Itsimplifiesdifferentprocessesandallowscustomerstotravelfromcountrytocountrywithouthavingtoworryaboutdifferentrulesindifferentforeignlocations.”12.Whymustthedroneownersregistertheirdevices?A.Toprotecttheirrightsofflyingdrones.B.Toavoidbreakingthenewregulations.C.Tomakesuretheirdronesmeettheweightrequirement.D.Tofollowtherulesnottoinvadeothers’privacy.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsinparagraph2probablymean?A.Updatedeveryday.B.Replacedeverymonth.C.Redesignedeveryyear.D.Registeredeveryyear.14.Whatisthepotentialdangerdronesprobablycause?A.Droneswillbeusedformercialpurposes.B.Dronesprobablycrashintopassengerplaneswhileinuse.C.Operatingdronesrequireshigherqualification.D.Itisimpossibletoavoidbeingspiedbydrones.15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocuson?A.Howtomakeastandarddrone.B.Howdronesareoperatedbyenthusiasts.C.Theimportanceofregisteringthedrones.D.Thenegativeeffectofdronesonpeople.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）Muchliketheseasonitself,thefreshfruitsofthesummeroftendon'tremainlongaswewantthemto.Alltoooften,youreachintothefridgeandfindthatthestrawberriesyoupurchasedjustafewdaysagohaveturnedmoldy(發(fā)霉的)._____16_____Vinegarhasanextensiveandeverincreasinglistofhouseholduses.Becauseitisnonpoisonousunlikeotherwashes,itcanbeusedtocleanfreshfruits._____17_____Puttingthefruitinthemixtureofonepartvinegarandthreepartswatercanremove98percentofbacteria.Itwillmakethefruitmuchcleanerthanitwaswhenwashedwithanantibacterialwashorwithwateralone._____18_____Byfollowingthesameprocess,youcanpreventthegrowthofmoldforfarlongerthanifyouhaven'twashedthemwiththemixture.Butbecareful:thistrickdoesn'tkillanymoldthathasalreadygrown._____19_____Besides,trytomakethestrawberriesasdryaspossiblebeforestoringtheminthefridge.Youcanpatthemdrywithpapertowel,andthenpackthemawayinacleancontainer._____20_____Actually,thereisasimplesolutiontoyourconcern.Athoroughwashwithplainwaterafterwardwillensuretherearenounwantedtastesleft.A.Anewtrick,however,cangreatlyexpandtheirshelflifeusingvinegar.B.Youmayworryyourberrieswilltastelikevinegar.C.Yet,manywashescankeepthemfreshlonger.D.Itisevenmoreeffectiveincleaningfruitsthanmostwashes.E.Soyoumaynotreallyneedthosepriceywashesatall.F.You'dbetterusevinegartowashtheberriesbeforeenjoyingthem.G.Somakesureyoudoitbeforetheygobad.第二部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThoseyoungsterswereagreatconcernforNgurangMeena.Thesocialscienceteacherfoundmanychildren21toonlinegames.SherunstheNgurangLearningInstitute—anadultliteracycentre.Shesaysthatshefeels22everytimeshereadsstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudent23isfallingeveryyear.It24myheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere’sa/an25ofanycohesive(連貫性的)expression.Theylackproper26andreadingcultureisalmostzero,”Meenasays.Whenherschoolandthecentreshe27hadtocloseduetotheCovid19Lockdown,shewasdeterminedtodosomethingto28theproblem.Searchingforideasonlineand29byasimilarproposal,30Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksonthesideoftheroad,where31couldspendtimereading.The32includemotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellasicsforyoungchildren.“Ioften33theyoungeroneswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay,”shelaughs.Meena’slibrarybecame34amongyoungsterswhospendhoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethe35ofthetown.Generouscontributionsofbooksfloodinfromthepublicandsheiseven36receivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate.“Inever37thiswouldbeesuchabighit,”Meenasays.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriendsandthe38ofsuccess.Idon’twantthepresentgenerationto39gamesandheadonthewrongtrack.Thislibraryisareminderthatknowledgeis40power.”21.A.fascinated B.crazy C.fond D.addicted22.A.exhausted B.amazed C.nervous D.upset23.A.performance B.progress C.prediction D.independence24.A.warms B.breaks C.strikes D.fills25.A.transformation B.absence C.delay D.example26.A.guidance B.response C.treatment D.consideration27.A.operates B.pares C.changes D.improves28.A.challenge B.address C.cause D.investigate29.A.forted B.thrilled C.inspired D.urged30.A.frequently B.casually C.cheerfully D.eventually31.A.newers B.onlookers C.grownups D.passersby32.A.celebrations B.instructions C.selections D.binations33.A.persuade B.please C.remend D.refuse34.A.popular B.plex C.successful D.necessary35.A.track B.dream C.future D.talk36.A.constantly B.gradually C.temporarily D.purposefully37.A.claimed B.admitted C.thought D.promised38.A.treat B.choice C.demand D.ladder39.A.giveup B.jumpat C.focuson D.putaway 40.A.rich B.real C.new D.quick第Ⅱ卷（原創(chuàng)試題）第一節(jié)：根據(jù)每5道題所給的7個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選擇正確的詞匯涵義（共10個(gè)小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)10分）41.Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadeanimpactonourlivesinmanyways.42.AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.ngly,thistrendisn'tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam'sperformance.44.That'sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheseoutdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.45.Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtoothfriendly.A.收據(jù)B.趨勢(shì)C.烹飪法D.吃，喝46.Ifwewantstudentstobeeeffectiveinmulticulturalsettings,onethingisclear:thereisnosubstituteforpractice.47.Eachofthechallengeswillneedtheinsightandskillsofmultipleteammembers.48.AmandaisthechiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworkswhichisaglobalmediapany.49.Wordcamethattheaudienceswerenotsatisfiedwiththemercialperformance50.Shemadeoutthatsheknownothingaboutthecrime.A.理解，辨認(rèn)出B.視力C.首要的，主要的D.說(shuō)，聲稱(chēng)（原創(chuàng)試題）第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法：根據(jù)每5道題所給的7個(gè)選項(xiàng)，選擇正確的關(guān)系詞（共10個(gè)小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)10分）51.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_______Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.52.Thereason,_______sheexplainedtousforherabsencefromtheparty,soundedreasonable.53.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_______local5starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.54.Summer55.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme，oneof_______purposesistosolveworldwidestarvationproblem．A.whichB.thatC.asD.whereE.whenF.whoseG.why56.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof_________arehealthy.57.Icanthinkofmanycases_________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.58.Chan’srestaurantonBakerStreet,_________usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.59.Thenumberofthepeoplepresent,_______wehadexpected,wasverylarge.60.Shewouldneverdoanything_______wasnotapprovedofbyherparents.A.whichB.thatC.asD.whereE.whenF.whoseG.whom（原創(chuàng)試題）第三節(jié)：根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空（共10個(gè)小題，每小題1分，共計(jì)10分）61.Itwasreportedthatalittleboy________(trap)underadestroyedhouseforthreedayswaspulledoutaliveatlast.62.Inmyopinion,goodhandwritingnotonlyleavesagoodimpressiononotherpeoplebutalsohelpyouapplyforajobandgetyou__________(promote).63.Ourdaughterdoesn’tknowwhattotake______attheuniversity;shecan’tmakeuphermindaboutherfuture.64.Itwastheboythatwas____________(blame)forwhattheboyhaddone.65.Shewastoonervoustospeakwithsomanyeyes_______(fix)onher.66.Thetownhaschangedbeyond____________(recognize)sinceIwaslasthere.67.Doumenisso________(appeal)thatitfascinatestouristsfromallovertheprovince.68.Whatachoice!IfonlyIhad_______(seek)thewiseman’sadvicebeforeIdecided.69.Policesealedofftheareawherethemurderer________(suspect)tobehiding.70.ItisremarkablethatChina_____________(transform)intoamoreprosperousandadvancedcountryinthelastcentury.第四節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空（每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tablemannersvaryfromculturetoculture.71isacceptableinonecountrymaybeconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.Herewewilltellyouaboutthetraditionaltablemanners72themoderntablemannersinKorea.73(tradition),itwasthewoman’sjob74(cook)foodandsetthetable.Thewomanwouldsit75herhusbandtomakesurethathehadeverythingheneededforapleasantmeal.Only76thehusbandfinishedwouldthewomanandherchildreneat.Nowadays,tablemannershavechangedalot.77ofthefamilymemberseattogetheratthesametime.Itismontoseeeveryonehelpwiththemeal,78(include)thehusband.Onetradition,however,hasnotchanged.Itistheoldestpersonthatstartsthemeal.79(stay)untiltheoldestpersonisfinishedisconsideredtobe80basictraditionofKoreantablemanners.第三部分：寫(xiě)作（共二節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(xiàn)（\）劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線(xiàn)，并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。I'llhavealongholidaybeforethefinalexamination,butIhaveafantasticplan.I'msoeagerlytogettogetherwithallmyfriendsthatIwillvisitthemfirst.ThenIplannedtohaveapartywithmyfamily,whichmakesmereallyexciting.Afterthat,I'llprobablyvisittheplaceofinterestbothathomeandabroad,anditwillgivemeachanceexperiencedifferentcultures.Lastbutnotleast,learnsomeskillsisonmyscheduleaswell.I'llaskmymomtoteachmetocookjustincaseIhavetofeedmeoneday.Ihopeeverythingwillturnoutasbeingexpected.第二節(jié)：書(shū)面表達(dá)（滿(mǎn)分25分）假如你是李華，你校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部將于下周五下午3:00在二樓報(bào)告大廳(lecturehall)舉辦舞會(huì)（prom）。你是服務(wù)志愿者，但因故不能按時(shí)參加，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給組織者M(jìn)r.White寫(xiě)一封道歉信，內(nèi)容包括：注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容，以使行文連貫。DearMr.White，I'mLiHua,volunteeroftheEnglishClub.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua高二英語(yǔ)期中題答案詳解一、閱讀理解（注釋?zhuān)╅喿xA【答案】1．A2．B3．D【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要就如何對(duì)待食物提出了幾條建議。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Makesurethefoodyoueatandthefoodyoubuyarecleanandnutritious,too!(確保你吃的食物和你買(mǎi)的食物都是干凈的和有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的?。笨芍?，要想保持健康的身體，必不可少的是安全和有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的食物。故選B項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AtHome部分的“Readlabelscarefullybeforestoring!”(儲(chǔ)存前請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀標(biāo)簽?。┛芍?，儲(chǔ)存食物的時(shí)候看清楚標(biāo)簽。故選A項(xiàng)。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容“Afewhealthprecautions(預(yù)防措施)aboutyourfood:（關(guān)于食物的一些健康預(yù)防措施）”可知，文章的寫(xiě)作目的就是提供一些如何正確對(duì)待食物的建議，包括在商場(chǎng)買(mǎi)食品的建議以及回家怎么對(duì)待這些食物的建議。故選C項(xiàng)。閱讀B【答案】CABC【文章大意】【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美籍丹麥作家Riis為了給窮人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的世界而努力奮斗了一生的故事以及他一生中所取得的成就。B推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句“Inthespringof1870,ayoungmancalledJacobRiistraveledacrosstheAtlanticOceantoNewYorkCity,whocamefromDenmark.”可推知，Riis在1869年時(shí)生活在丹麥。故選B。D細(xì)節(jié)理解題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)第二段第二句“Hefinallyfoundaprofessionthatwouldleadtohislifework—makingtheworldabetterplaceforpoorpeople.”可知，Riis把作家當(dāng)作一生的職業(yè)是為了改善窮人的生活。故選D?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】做此題時(shí)，要通讀全文，注意不要斷章取義而誤選C項(xiàng)。C推理判斷題?！窘忸}思路】根據(jù)第二段最后四句“Andhewrotemanystoriesaboutthelifethere.Riisstartedapersonalwaragainstslumhouses(貧民窟),thesorthesawinMulberryBend.Healsoworkedtogetlawsagainstchildlabor,andmadesurethattheselawswereobeyed.Andhehelpedestablishcentersforolderpeople.”可知，Riis通過(guò)努力改變MulberryBend人民的生活狀況來(lái)幫助他們。故選C?！疽族e(cuò)點(diǎn)撥】本題的D選項(xiàng)表示“幫助幼兒和老人建造中心”，而文章中僅提到為老人建立中心，沒(méi)有提到幼兒，考生容易忽視。做此題時(shí)，要通讀全文，注意不要斷章取義而誤選D項(xiàng)。A寫(xiě)作意圖題?！窘忸}思路】通讀全文可知，本文講述了美籍丹麥作家Riis為了給窮人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的世界而努力奮斗了一生的故事。故選A。閱讀C【答案】【答案】ACBD【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了在過(guò)去的50年里，美國(guó)部分地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)量激增了10倍，這對(duì)疾病的傳播產(chǎn)生了令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的影響。尤其以巴爾的摩地區(qū)為例，說(shuō)明了這里蚊子增長(zhǎng)快的原因，作者呼吁城市相關(guān)部門(mén)盡快采取蚊蟲(chóng)控制措施，避免危險(xiǎn)疾病滋生?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文Andsomeplacesareapparentlymoreeasilyaffectedthanothers.Andsomeplacesareapparentlymoreeasilyaffectedthanothers.AnewstudyintheJournalofMedicalEntomologyfoundthatinBaltimore,lowineneighborhoodsbearthebiggestburden:theyhavenotonlymoremosquitoesbutalsolargerones,whichoftensurvivelonger.可知有些地方顯然比其他地方更容易受到影響。發(fā)表在《醫(yī)學(xué)昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)雜志》上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在巴爾的摩，低收入社區(qū)承受著最大的負(fù)擔(dān):那里不僅有更多的蚊子，而且還有更大的蚊子，它們的壽命往往更長(zhǎng)。由此可知，短語(yǔ)位于的句子意思是：在過(guò)去的50年里，美國(guó)部分地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)量激增了10倍，這對(duì)疾病的傳播產(chǎn)生了令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的影響。故“afactorof10”指代的是“增長(zhǎng)率”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中TheproblemmostlikelyisrootedinthefactthatBaltimorehasnearly17,000abandonedbuildings,whichareconcentratedineconomicallydisadvantagedareasandserveasconvenientmosquitobreedingzones.可知最可能的問(wèn)題是，巴爾的摩有近1.7萬(wàn)棟廢棄建筑，這些建筑集中在經(jīng)濟(jì)落后的地區(qū)，是方便蚊子滋生的地方。由此可知，疾病在巴爾的摩貧困社區(qū)的傳播相對(duì)更嚴(yán)重，是因?yàn)楦嗟膹U棄建筑成了蚊子的棲息地。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Somecitiestakeeffortstoplanttreesinlowineblocksbutmayactuallyworsentheproblem:treesandbushesnotonlyshadeoutdoorbreedingpoolsbutalsoshedleavesintothewaterandfeedthemosquitolarvae,helpingthemgrowbigger.可知一些城市采取措施在低收入街區(qū)種植樹(shù)木，但實(shí)際上可能使問(wèn)題惡化：樹(shù)木和灌木不僅遮蔽了室外的繁殖池，而且還把葉子掉到水里，喂養(yǎng)蚊子的幼蟲(chóng)，幫助它們長(zhǎng)得更大。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“種植更多的樹(shù)”這一解決方案是善意的，但可能導(dǎo)致相反的效果。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itissomethingthatisfairlydifficultforacitytoaddressbecauseit’sreallyexpensivetogointoprivatebelongingsandcleanthemup,”saysDinaFonseca,amolecularecologistatRutgersUniversity.Yetifthesebelongingsbeebreedinggroundsnotonlyforannoyingmosquitoesbutalsofordangerousdiseases,officials’conceptsmayneedtochange.可知羅格斯大學(xué)的分子生態(tài)學(xué)家DinaFonseca表示:“對(duì)于一個(gè)城市來(lái)說(shuō)，解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題相當(dāng)困難，因?yàn)檫M(jìn)入私人物品并對(duì)其進(jìn)行清理的成本非常高昂?！比欢?，如果這些物品不僅成為討厭的蚊子的滋生地，而且成為危險(xiǎn)疾病的滋生地，官員們的觀念可能需要改變。結(jié)合文章說(shuō)明了在過(guò)去的50年里，美國(guó)部分地區(qū)的蚊子數(shù)量激增了10倍，這對(duì)疾病的傳播產(chǎn)生了令人擔(dān)憂(yōu)的影響。尤其以巴爾的摩地區(qū)為例，說(shuō)明了這里蚊子增長(zhǎng)快的原因，作者呼吁城市相關(guān)部門(mén)盡快采取蚊蟲(chóng)控制措施，避免危險(xiǎn)疾病滋生。由此可推知，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是呼吁采取蚊蟲(chóng)控制措施。故選C。閱讀D【答案】DDBC【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了首次出臺(tái)無(wú)人機(jī)登記的規(guī)定，其目的是保護(hù)隱私。12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中“Tensofthousandsofdroneownerswillhavetoregistertheirdevicesforthefirsttimeunderregulationsdesignedtosafeguardprivacy.（按首次規(guī)定，成千上萬(wàn)的無(wú)人機(jī)所有者必須登記他們的設(shè)備，旨在保護(hù)隱私）”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)所有者必須登記他們的設(shè)備是為了讓他們遵守規(guī)則，不侵犯他人隱私。故選C。13．詞義猜測(cè)題。劃線(xiàn)詞前提到“Dronesheavierthan250galreadyhavetoberegisteredwiththeCAA,whichcosts￡9（超過(guò)250克的無(wú)人機(jī)已經(jīng)必須在CAA注冊(cè)，費(fèi)用為9英鎊）”；根據(jù)第一段中“registertheirdevicesforthefirsttime…”這項(xiàng)規(guī)定是首次執(zhí)行，以后應(yīng)該會(huì)持續(xù)下去。由此可以猜測(cè)，“renew”與上文的“register”語(yǔ)義相關(guān)。因此可以猜測(cè)“renewedannually”意思為“每年重新登記”。故選B。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“Ithasalsoledtoanincreaseinthenumberofnearmissesbetweendronesandotheraircraft,includingmercialpassengerjets.（這也導(dǎo)致了無(wú)人機(jī)與包括商用客機(jī)在內(nèi)的其他飛機(jī)之間“險(xiǎn)些相撞”的次數(shù)增加）”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)可能造成的潛在危險(xiǎn)是無(wú)人機(jī)可能會(huì)與正在空中飛行的客機(jī)相撞。故選D。15推理判斷題。文章第一段中提出“designedtosafeguardprivacy”登記無(wú)人機(jī)是為了保護(hù)隱私；第三、四段是提到“Themoveesaftersharpriseinthenumberofdrones…”“therisehaspromptedconcernsoverprivacy”無(wú)人機(jī)數(shù)量的增加，引起人們對(duì)無(wú)人機(jī)引起的隱私問(wèn)題的關(guān)注，這是要登記無(wú)人機(jī)的原因；第五段是關(guān)于無(wú)人機(jī)操作的高度、離人和建筑物的距離、要求操作者通過(guò)網(wǎng)上測(cè)試等方面作出具體的要求。由此可推斷，文章關(guān)注的是登記無(wú)人機(jī)的重要性。故選D。二、七選五（注釋?zhuān)敬鸢浮緼DEGB【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章講述的是如何使用醋讓草莓保鮮保存更長(zhǎng)久的操作方法與幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空格前句子“youreachintothefridgeandfindthatthestrawberriesyoupurchasedjustafewdaysagohaveturnedmoldy”(你打開(kāi)冰箱后發(fā)現(xiàn)你幾天前購(gòu)買(mǎi)的草莓已經(jīng)發(fā)霉了)可知，面對(duì)這種情況，你會(huì)想到是否有什么辦法能讓草莓保存更長(zhǎng)欠，而G項(xiàng)內(nèi)容expandtheirshelflife正符合這種邏輯。故選G項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)本空格前句子“Vinegarhasanextensiveandeverincreasinglistofhouseholduses.Becauseitisnonpoisonous,unlikeotherwashes,itcanbeusedtocleanfreshfruits.”(在家務(wù)使用方面醋有廣泛的用途，而且在一直增長(zhǎng)。因?yàn)闊o(wú)毒，與別的清洗液不同的是，它能用于洗新鮮水果)可知，“它能用于洗新鮮水果”與E選項(xiàng)中的“Itisevenmoreeffectiveincleaningfruitsthanmostwashes”(它在洗水果方面甚至比其它大多數(shù)的清洗液更有效)前后句形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，符合邏輯思維。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空格前一句“Itwillmakethefruitmuchcleanerthanitwaswhenwashedwithanantibacterialwashorwithwateralone.”(如果與抗菌液或單獨(dú)與水一起使用，醋能使水果洗得更干凈)可知，“Soyoumaynotreallyneedthosepriceywashesatall.”(你根本沒(méi)必要買(mǎi)那些價(jià)格昂貴的其他的清潔液)，D項(xiàng)符合邏輯。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)空格前句子“thistrickdoesn'tkillanymoldthathasalreadygrown.”(這個(gè)辦法不能洗掉那些已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的霉菌)可知，A項(xiàng)“Somakesureyoudoitbef