人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修一 （Languages Around The World）Reading and Thinking 課件

SectionⅡReadingandThinking—Comprehending

本部分內(nèi)容講解結(jié)束SectionⅢ

ReadingandThinking(2)LanguagesAroundTheWorld

Ⅰ.單詞語(yǔ)境記憶——根據(jù)英漢提示寫(xiě)出單詞的適當(dāng)形式

1.Therewerecallsfor____________(主要的)changestothesystem.2.Letlovebearoundme；let____________(文明)followyou.3.Astimegoesby，Ihavechangedmy____________(態(tài)度)andIeventhinksheislovely.4.Afterthreeyearsofstudy，shehasagoodcommandofthe____________(方言)here.majorcivilizationattitudedialect5.Whatisthe____________(確切的)aimsinceyouareworkingsohard?6.Therearetwomainlydifferentpoliticalpartiestoplayanimportantpartinthestate____________(affair)inthiscountry.7.Thisisanoldbuilding____________(date)backtothe14thcentury.8.Theyjoinedusinthediscussiononhowtostop____________(globe)warming.9.Beijingisfilledwithpeoplefrom____________(variety)ofpartsofChina.10.Ithelpschildrentodevelopan____________(appreciate)ofpoetryandliterature.specificaffairsdatingglobalvarietiesappreciationⅡ.短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)境填空——根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出適當(dāng)?shù)亩陶Z(yǔ)1.Ourlifehasits_____________________(興衰)andweneedsomeonetoridewithus.2.Shecouldnotspeak，butshemadeherwishesknown_______________________(依靠)signs.3.Aseveryoneknows，she___________________________(在……中起重要作用)ourorganization.4.Hedecidedthathewoulddrive________________(一路上)homeinsteadofputtingupatahotelforthenight.5.Wevisitedatemplewhich________________(追溯到)2，000yearsago.upsanddownsbymeansofplaysanimportantroleinallthewaydatesbacktoⅠ.語(yǔ)境串記多義詞1.HedescribedthecharacterofthecharacterheplayedwithtwoChinesecharacters.

他用了兩個(gè)漢字來(lái)描述他所扮演的角色的性格。2.Inthatregard，thepurposesofthetwomightberegardeddifferentlyandmoresoafterthisnews.

在這點(diǎn)上，兩者的目的可能要區(qū)別對(duì)待，在這則新聞公布后更是如此。

記單詞Ⅱ.構(gòu)詞法助記派生詞1.形容詞后綴：-al，-able globe(n.)→global accept(vt.)→acceptable comfort(n.)→comfortable2.名詞后綴：-ion，-ity appreciate(vt.)→appreciation major(adj.)→majorityⅢ.句式語(yǔ)境仿寫(xiě)1.BytheShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE)，thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.到了商朝(大約公元前1600-前1046年)，這些符號(hào)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)成熟的書(shū)寫(xiě)體系。 [仿寫(xiě)]

到上周末我們已收到1000多條短信。 Bytheendoflastweek，we________________over1，000textmessages.2.Overtheyears，thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms，asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically，leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.

多年來(lái)，由于中國(guó)人在地理上的分裂，它(書(shū)寫(xiě)體系)發(fā)展成不同的形式，方言和文字的多樣性也隨之產(chǎn)生。 [仿寫(xiě)]

那場(chǎng)大火持續(xù)了近一周，沒(méi)有剩下什么值錢的東西。 Thefirelastednearlyaweek，______________________________________.hadreceivedleavingnothingvaluable3.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.這一書(shū)寫(xiě)體系對(duì)于凝聚中華民族和中華文化具有重要意義。 [仿寫(xiě)]

做早操對(duì)你的健康有利。 Doingmorningexerciseswill_________________________________________toyourhealth.4.Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，無(wú)論住在哪里，也不論說(shuō)何種方言，中國(guó)人都仍能通過(guò)書(shū)寫(xiě)(文字)進(jìn)行交流。 [仿寫(xiě)]

無(wú)論他說(shuō)什么，不要相信他。 Don’ttrusthim，____________________________________________________.beofbenefitnomatterwhat/whateverhesays句型公式1.“by＋時(shí)間”短語(yǔ)組成的介詞短語(yǔ)表示“到……時(shí)為止”，在句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用完成時(shí)態(tài)。2.現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。3.“of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于同根形容詞。4.nomatter＋where/when/how/what/who/which引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。UnderstandingincontextTHECHINESEWRITINGSYSTEM：CONNECTINGTHEPASTANDTHEPRESENTChinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes，despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.Atthebeginning，writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Itdatesbackseveralthousandyearstotheuseoflonggu—animalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday’shanzi.[文化視窗]甲骨文，是漢字的早期形式，是現(xiàn)存中國(guó)王朝時(shí)期最古老的一種成熟文字。甲骨文發(fā)現(xiàn)于中國(guó)河南省安陽(yáng)市殷墟，是商朝(約公元前17世紀(jì)—公元前11世紀(jì))的文化產(chǎn)物，距今有3600多年的歷史。1.basevt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以……為基礎(chǔ)

n.底部；根據(jù)basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的[合作探究]

體會(huì)base的用法和意義Oneshouldalwaysbasehisopiniononfacts.一個(gè)人應(yīng)該始終以事實(shí)為依據(jù)發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)。Inmydiary，Isetdownaseriesofthingsthatareallbasedon/uponfacts.在我的日記里，我記下了一系列有事實(shí)根據(jù)的事情。Thebaseofhisargumentisthatpeopleloveeachother.他的論點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)是人類的互愛(ài)。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①base...on...

以……為……的基礎(chǔ)②________________以……為基礎(chǔ)/依據(jù)[詞塊積累]productionbase生產(chǎn)基地airbase空軍基地aresearchbase科研基地bebasedon/upon[鞏固內(nèi)化]翻譯句子①Inevernoticedthelettersatthebaseofthepyramid.________________________________________________________________________②醫(yī)患關(guān)系是以信任為基礎(chǔ)的。________________________________________________________________________我從來(lái)沒(méi)有注意到在金字塔基底的字母。

Thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust.2.dateback(to)＝datefrom

追溯到；始于[合作探究]

體會(huì)date短語(yǔ)的用法和意義①M(fèi)yinterestinstampcollectingdatesbacktomyschooldays.我從學(xué)生時(shí)代就開(kāi)始愛(ài)好集郵。②Accordingtotheexpert，thetemplehasahistorydatingfromtheearlyTangDynasty.據(jù)專家說(shuō)這座寺廟的歷史可追溯到初唐時(shí)期。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]

datebackto和datefrom一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，在句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用____________形式?，F(xiàn)在分詞

[短語(yǔ)記牢]

記牢下列短語(yǔ)outofdate過(guò)時(shí)，陳舊uptodate最新的，最近的todate到目前為止③YourIDcardisoutofdate；changeitforanewone，please.你的身份證過(guò)期了，請(qǐng)換新的。[鞏固內(nèi)化](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Itissaidthatthehistoryofthetown____________(date)backto1，400yearsago.②Inthisremotevillagestandsanancienttempledating____________hundredsofyearsago.(2)補(bǔ)全句子③Allthephotographsinthisbook____________________the1950s.本書(shū)中所有照片均始于20世紀(jì)50年代。④Thematerialisso________________thatithasn’tbeenwidelyused________________.這一材料是最新的，到現(xiàn)在為止還沒(méi)有得到廣泛應(yīng)用。

datesfromdatebackto/fromuptodatetodateUnderstandingincontextBytheShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE)，thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears，thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms，asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically，leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.This，however，changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221-207BCE).EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.[文化視窗]秦始皇(前259年—前210年)出生于趙國(guó)都城邯鄲，十三歲繼承王位，三十九歲稱皇帝，在位三十七年；中國(guó)歷史上著名的政治家、戰(zhàn)略家、改革家。公元前221年，他建立了首個(gè)多民族的中央集權(quán)國(guó)家，是首位完成華夏大一統(tǒng)的鐵腕政治人物，也是古今中外第一個(gè)稱皇帝的封建王朝君主。3.varietyn.(植物、語(yǔ)言等的)變體；異體；多樣化；多變(性)

variousadj.不同的；各種各樣的varyvt.&vi.改變；變化[合作探究]

體會(huì)variety及其相關(guān)詞的用法和意義Thereareavarietyofthemeparksintheworld，whereyoucanhavefun.世界上有各種各樣的主題公園，在那里你可以玩得愉快。Forvariousreasons，sherefusedtoacceptthejob.由于種種原因，她拒絕接受這份工作。Ourcountryvarieswidelyintraditionfromoneareatoanother.我們國(guó)家各地風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣迥然不同。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①avarietyof＝varietiesof

各種各樣的；不同種類的②________________在……到……之間變化[鞏固內(nèi)化]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theauthorgave____________(vary)reasonsforhavingwrittenthebook.②Wehave____________(variety)offlowersinourgarden.③Teachingmethodsvarygreatly____________schooltoschool.[思考]

表示“多種多樣的”短語(yǔ)還有哪些？________________________________________________________________________varyfrom...to...variousvarietiesfromkindsof，sortsof等。

4.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的

n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生

vi.主修；專門研究majorityn.多數(shù)；大半

minorityn.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族[合作探究]

體會(huì)major及其相關(guān)詞的用法和意義①Doyouknowwhatthemajorcauseofthestrikeis?你知道這次罷工的____________原因是什么嗎？②Sheisahistorymajor.Thatistosay，hermajorishistory.她是歷史____________。換言之，她的____________是歷史。③MaryismajoringinFrenchatStanford.瑪麗正在斯坦福____________法語(yǔ)。④Womenareinthemajorityinthecompany;menareintheminority.在這家公司，女性____________，男性占少數(shù)。主要專業(yè)的學(xué)生主修科目主修占大多數(shù)[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]⑤major____________主修⑥____________themajority占大多數(shù)[鞏固內(nèi)化](1)單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shemajored____________EnglishinBeijingUniversitymanyyearsago.②The____________(major)weregraduatesfromthisschool.(2)補(bǔ)全句子③____________________attendingthelecturearestudentsandgirlsare________________.出席講座的大多數(shù)人是學(xué)生，而且女生占多數(shù)。

inininmajorityThemajorityofpeopleinthemajority5.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.這一書(shū)寫(xiě)體系對(duì)于凝聚中華民族和中華文化具有重要意義?！揪涫浇庾x】ofgreatimportance屬于“of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，相當(dāng)于veryimportant?！居梅偨Y(jié)】

“of＋名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，名詞是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity等時(shí)，相當(dāng)于其名詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的形容詞，這類名詞前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等詞修飾。①Whatyouaresayingisofnointerest(＝notinteresting)tome.你說(shuō)的話讓我提不起興趣。②Hisopinionisconsideredtobeofgreatvalue(＝veryvaluable).大家一致認(rèn)為他的觀點(diǎn)很有價(jià)值。[鞏固內(nèi)化](1)補(bǔ)全句子①Thewaythathehadthoughtoftodealwiththeproblem____________________.他想出來(lái)的處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題的方法很有價(jià)值。(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換②Thismedicineisofnouse.→Thismedicineis____________.③Whathesaidatthemeetingwasofgreatvalue.→Whathesaidatthemeetingwas________________.wasofgreatvalueuselessveryvaluable6.Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，無(wú)論住在哪里，也不論說(shuō)何種方言，中國(guó)人都仍能通過(guò)書(shū)寫(xiě)(文字)進(jìn)行交流?！揪涫浇庾x】nomatterwhere

“無(wú)論何地”，在句中引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。【用法總結(jié)】(1)nomatterwhere，who，what，etc.不論……；不管……，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。①NomatterwhereIam，IwillalwaysrememberIamaChinese.不管我身在何方，我都會(huì)記住自己是個(gè)中國(guó)人。(2)“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)與“疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever”

在用法上的異同：·“nomatter＋疑問(wèn)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)可以和“疑問(wèn)詞＋-ever”互換?！ぁ耙蓡?wèn)詞＋-ever”可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。·whenever，wherever，however等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。②Youhavetogoonnomatterwhat(＝whatever)difficultiesyoumeet.無(wú)論遇到什么困難，你都必須繼續(xù)做下去。③Whoever(＝Nomatterwho)youare，youmustobeythelaw.不論是誰(shuí)，都要遵紀(jì)守法。④Whateverisworthdoingshouldbedonewell.值得做的事就應(yīng)該做好。[鞏固內(nèi)化]同義句轉(zhuǎn)換①Nomatterwhatproblemyouhave，turntome.→______________________________________________________，turntome.②Howeverlongittakes，we’llhavetofindthejob.→__________________________________________ittakes，we’llhavetofindthejob.③Anyonewhowantsthebookmayhaveit.→_______________________________________________thebookmayhaveit.④Youshouldnotgivechildrenwhatevertheywant.→Youshouldnotgivechildren_________________________________theywant.WhateverproblemyouhaveNomatterhowlongWhoeverwantsanythingthatUnderstandingincontextWrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeansbywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.PeopleinmoderntimescanreadtheclassicworkswhichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform，knownasChinesecalligraphy，whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.Today，theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.AsChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.[文化視窗]中國(guó)書(shū)法中國(guó)書(shū)法是以漢字為基礎(chǔ)的文化藝術(shù)，是記錄漢語(yǔ)的書(shū)寫(xiě)符號(hào)，在歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)程中經(jīng)歷了字形、結(jié)體、筆畫(huà)的演變，逐漸具有了特殊的審美意義，并且造就了中國(guó)書(shū)法造型多變、種類繁多、頗具特色、美不勝收的藝術(shù)發(fā)展史。2009年，聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織將中國(guó)的漢字書(shū)法列入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄。7.meansn.方式；方法；

途徑[合作探究]

體會(huì)means的用法和意義Inaddition，wehavemorechoicesbymeansof“wildrelease”.此外，通過(guò)自由分享我們有更多的選擇。Bynomeansishesatisfiedwiththejobatpresent.他目前對(duì)這項(xiàng)工作一點(diǎn)也不滿意。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentried，butnonehasworked.→Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried，butnonehasworked.各種可能的辦法都嘗試了，但沒(méi)有一種奏效。Wecansavemuchtimebythismeans.通過(guò)這種方法，我們可以節(jié)省大量時(shí)間。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①________________通過(guò)；用；借助于②bythismeans用這種方法③________________絕不；無(wú)論如何也不(放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)[名師提醒]

(1)means作主語(yǔ)且有every，each等表示單數(shù)意義的詞對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。(2)means作主語(yǔ)且有all，several，many，few等表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。bymeansofbynomeans[鞏固內(nèi)化]

選詞填空(bymeansof/bythismeans/bynomeans)①________________heturnedourattentiontowhatwasgoodinthelife.②Itis________________certainthatwe’llfinishtheprojectbyJune.③Shetriedtoexplain________________signlanguage.[思考]

means是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞。常見(jiàn)的單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞還有哪些？________________________________________________________________________Bythismeansbynomeansbymeansofseries(系列)，works(作品；工廠)等。

8.regardn.尊重；關(guān)注

vt.把……視為；看待

regardingprep.關(guān)于，至于

[合作探究]

體會(huì)regard的用法和意義Wehavehighregardfortheadvancedworkers.我們非常尊敬先進(jìn)工作者。With/Inregardtothedisease，wecandonothing.關(guān)于這種疾病，我們無(wú)能為力。Heisregardedasagoodexampletousall.他被看作是我們所有人的好榜樣。[自主發(fā)現(xiàn)]①________________把……認(rèn)為是②_______________________尊重/不尊重……③________________關(guān)于……，至于……regard...ashavehigh/lowregardfor...in/withregardto[鞏固內(nèi)化]補(bǔ)全句子①Potterisveryselfish；he____________________anyoneelse.波特太自私了，他不尊重任何人。②Thenovel_________________________________________oneofthegreatestclassicworks.這部小說(shuō)被認(rèn)為是最偉大的古典作品之一。hasnoregardforisregardedas9.charactern.文字，符號(hào)；角色；品質(zhì)；特點(diǎn)[合作探究]

體會(huì)character的用法和意義IfItakecareofmycharacter，myreputationwilltakeca