2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修三Unit3The world of science學(xué)案

2023-2024學(xué)年度外研版必修三Unit3Theworldofscience學(xué)案eq\a\vs4\al(分類背單詞)Ⅰ.“妙記”簡(jiǎn)單詞匯1．shootv． 射出(光、亮等)，放射2．gunpowdern. 火藥3．stuffn. 東西，物品4．desiren. 渴望，欲望5．beyondprep. 無法……6．streamn. 小河，小溪7．mentaladj. 精神的；精神健康的8．curen. 藥劑；療法9．draftv. 起草，草擬10．fictionn. 虛構(gòu)的事，想象的事11．metaln. 金屬12．flashn. 閃光Ⅱ.“勤回首”易忘詞匯1．compassn. 指南針，羅盤2．virtualadj. 虛擬的，模擬的3．batteryn. 電池4．computev. 計(jì)算5．passiveadj. 被動(dòng)的6．instancen. 例子，實(shí)例7．chemistn. 化學(xué)家8．speciesn. 物種9．extraordinaryadj. 非凡的，出色的10．brilliantadj. 聰穎的，才華橫溢的11．radiumn. 鐳(一種化學(xué)元素)12．experimentn. (科學(xué))實(shí)驗(yàn)13．lightningn. 閃電14．conductv. 傳導(dǎo)(熱、電)15．scientificadj. 科學(xué)(上)的16．gravityn. 重力，引力17．proceduren. 程序，步驟，手續(xù)Ⅲ.“辨清用準(zhǔn)”形變?cè)~匯1．pressv．按，壓→pressedadj.緊缺的，壓平的→pressuren．壓力2．flexibleadj.易彎曲的，柔韌的→flexibilityn．柔韌性，靈活性3．capableadj.有能力的→capabilityn．能力4．significantadj.重要的，影響深遠(yuǎn)的→significancen．重要性，意義5．injurev．使受傷，弄傷→injuredadj.受傷的→injuryn．傷害6．a(chǎn)stronomern．天文學(xué)家→astronomyn．天文學(xué)7．biologyn．生物學(xué)→biologistn．生物學(xué)家→biologicaladj.生物(學(xué))的8．a(chǎn)ccurateadj.精確的→accuracyn．精確(程度)，準(zhǔn)確(性)9．minoradj.小的→minorityn．少數(shù)，少數(shù)民族10．originn．起源，起因→originaladj.起初的，首創(chuàng)的n．原作→originatev．起源，發(fā)源11．theoryn．學(xué)說，理論→theoreticaladj.理論上的12．declarev．聲明，宣告→declarationn．聲明，宣告13．a(chǎn)ttachv．系，綁；貼→attachmentn．附件；依戀14．entireadj.完全的，徹底的→entirelyadv.完全地，徹底地15．a(chǎn)ccountn．記述，描述→accountantn．會(huì)計(jì)(師)16．provev．證明→proofn．證明，證據(jù)Ⅳ.“歸類串記”族群詞匯1．后綴－ive形容詞集錦①passive被動(dòng)的②active主動(dòng)的③positive積極的④negative消極的⑤subjective主觀的⑥objective客觀的2．“重要的”形容詞一覽①significant 重要的②important 重要的③essential 絕對(duì)重要的④vital 至關(guān)重要的eq\a\vs4\al(聯(lián)想積詞塊)Ⅰ.再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)單元內(nèi)詞塊1．think_of 想，思考；記起；考慮2．instead_of 而不是3．what's_more 況且；另外；更重要的是4．a(chǎn)part_from 除了；要不是；此外5．lead_to 導(dǎo)致；通向6．thanks_to 幸虧；由于7．in_addition 除此之外，另外8．in_terms_of 在……方面；就……而言9．a(chǎn)pproach_to ……的方法10．draw_a_conclusion 得出結(jié)論11．contribute_towards 有助于，促使12．due_to 由于，因?yàn)棰?類比串記單元外詞塊1．“in＋名詞”類短語薈萃inaddition 除此之外inall 總計(jì)incase 萬一incharge 負(fù)責(zé)indespair 失望inpublic 在大庭廣眾之下2．“因?yàn)椋挥捎凇倍陶Z聚焦dueto 由于；因?yàn)閠hanksto 多虧；由于becauseof 由于；因?yàn)閛naccountof 由于owingto 由于；因?yàn)閍saresultof 由于……的結(jié)果eq\a\vs4\al(熟背好句好段)Ⅰ.背好句——一句點(diǎn)亮篇1．虛擬條件句教材原句ButscientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.但科學(xué)家們一致認(rèn)為，如果富蘭克林真的碰到了鑰匙，他必定會(huì)被電死。推薦佳句①Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwouldhavebeeninjured.我當(dāng)時(shí)系著安全帶，如果沒系的話，我可能已經(jīng)受傷了。②IfIcouldinterviewhim,Iwouldaskhimwhatmadehimanastronautandhowhewastrained.如果我能采訪他，我會(huì)問他是什么使他成為一名宇航員以及他是如何訓(xùn)練的。2.that引導(dǎo)同位語從句教材原句...thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.……沒有證據(jù)表明它(蘋果)砸在了他的頭上。推薦佳句①There'snodoubtthatmorningrunningcanstrengthenourbodies.毫無疑問，晨跑可以強(qiáng)健我們的身體。②70%ofthestudentsholdtheopinionthatoverweightisharmfultohealth.70%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為超重有害健康。Ⅱ.背好段——細(xì)節(jié)見功夫形體描寫之“腿”Butmylegsandarmswereshaking.Everystepfeltlikethatthousandsofneedlesweresinkingintomylegs.Therewerethreeblistersoneachofmyfeet.Icouldn'ttakeit.Besides,becausemybagwasfull,Iputallmyclothesonme,whichmademefeelveryhot.Sweatwasdrippingdownmyface.ItfeltlikeIwasintheSahara!但我的腿和胳膊在發(fā)抖。每走一步都感覺有成千上萬根針扎進(jìn)我的腿里。我的每只腳上都有三個(gè)水泡。我受不了了。此外，因?yàn)槲业陌菨M的，所以我把所有的衣服都穿在身上，這讓我覺得很熱。汗水順著我的臉往下流。感覺就像在撒哈拉沙漠一樣！[點(diǎn)評(píng)]本段中使用了“l(fā)egsandarmswereshaking,sinkingintomylegs”等關(guān)于腿部動(dòng)作的描寫，形象地描繪出了人物疲勞的精神狀態(tài)。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Aflexible(易彎曲的)objectcanbebenteasilywithoutbreaking.2．MyfatherthinksIamnotcapable(有能力的)ofearningmyownliving,butImeantoshowhimthatheiswrong.3．Beforeuse,thebattery(電池)mustbecharged.4．Aseriesofbrightflashes(閃光)intheskyindicatethattherainstormiscoming.5．Irewrotehisroughdraft(初稿),whichwaspublishedundermyname.6．Incaseoffire,wemustfollowtheemergencyprocedures(程序)toensureoursafety.7．Hisbookisanimpressiveaccount(描述)ofaworldthatfewreadersofthisnewspaperwillrecognise.8．Optimismhasapositiveeffectonpeople'sphysicalandmental(精神的)health,ofwhichI'mveryconvinced.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Emmasaysit'schallengingtobeahealthexpertbecausepeoplecanbeeasilyinfluencedbyadvertisementsthatlackscientific(science)support.2．(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirely(entire)onvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.3．(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Itwasbuiltoriginally(origin)toprotectthecityintheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修復(fù)).4．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theabilitytoaccurately(accurate)understandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbesttohelpherpatients.5．Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure(press),andputpeopleintoabettermood.6．Whenyou'reolder,Ithinkyou'rebetterequippedmentally(mental)tocopewithwhateverhappens.7．(2021·北京高考)Youmustshowproof(prove)ofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid(有效的)inthetargetcountryfortheentireperiodoftheinternship.8．ThereismuchchancethatBillwillrecoverfromhisinjury(injure)intimefortherace.9．Insteadofworkinghardtocreatesomechances,somepeoplewaitpassively(passive)forthearrivalofsuccess.10．ThemomenttheOlympicGameswere_declared(declare)open,thewholeworldcheered.Ⅲ.選詞填空drawaconclusion,approachto,intermsof,insteadof,inaddition,leadto,what'smore,apartfrom1.Itisdifficulttoexpressitin_terms_ofscience.2．In_addition,_thegovernmenthassomepowerfultoolsthatitcanusetosupporttheeconomy.3．We'resurethatthemeasureswilllead_toalargeincreaseinourproduction.4．Mostpassengerslikesittinginthefrontofabustohaveabetterview.What's_more,_theybelieveit'slesslikelythatcar－sicknesswillhappen.5．Weneedtotakeadifferentapproach_tosolvingtheproblem.6．Wecan'tdraw_a_conclusionwithouthavingawideinvestigationintothismatter.7．Apart_fromtheEnglishclass,ItookanactivepartinEnglishCornerandotherafter－classEnglishactivities.8．Thegovernmentcallsonthepublictogotoworkbybicycleinstead_ofbycartoreduceairpollution.Ⅳ.多維表達(dá)(按要求完成句子)1．(完成句子)Itwould_have_beenmuchbetterifyouhadjustusedalinegraphtoillustratethedifferentstagesofcultureshock.如果你只用一個(gè)折線圖來演示文化沖擊的不同階段，效果會(huì)更好。2．(完成句子)Studentsshouldbeevaluatedin_terms_of_overall_quality.應(yīng)該根據(jù)綜合素質(zhì)來評(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生。3．(完成句子)It_is_generally_believed_thatpeoplewithhighEQarewillingtoacceptnewideasandtakeapositiveattitudetowardslife.(it作形式主語的主語從句)人們普遍認(rèn)為，情商高的人樂于接納新觀點(diǎn)，對(duì)生活持積極的態(tài)度。4．(完成句子)Theymayalsobe_very_attached_totheirfamilyandenjoyspecialvisitstothem.他們也可能非常依戀家人，喜歡專門拜訪他們。5．Lastmonth，someresearchersmadeanewstudyaboutDNATest，anditappearedinthemedicalfield.→AnewstudyaboutDNATestconducted_by_some_researcherslastmonthappearedinthemedicalfield.(用conduct改寫句子)1．desiren．渴望；欲望；渴求vt.希望得到；想要(1)haveastrongdesireeq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(todosth.迫切想要做某事,forsth.渴望得到某物))(2)desiretodosth. 渴望做某事desiresb.todosth. 希望某人做某事desirethat...(should)dosth. 希望……做某事(3)desirableadj. 可取的；值得擁有的[名師指津]desire后面跟從句時(shí)，從句謂語用(should＋)do/bedone。[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/句型轉(zhuǎn)換)①(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷寫作)Ifyoudesireto_challenge(challenge)yourself,thereisnothingtodowithothers'thoughts.②(2021·全國(guó)甲卷)Takeaviewisadesirable(desire)annualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcornersoftheUKandbeyond.③Theteacherwasdeeplytouchedbytheirdesireforknowledge.④Theteacherdesiredthatalltheexercises(should)_be_handed(hand)inbeforeschoolwasover.⑤Thepolicedesiredthewitnesstodescribewhathadhappenedthedaybefore.→Thepolicedesiredthatthewitness(should)_describe_what_had_happenedthedaybefore.2．significantadj.重要的，影響深遠(yuǎn)的，顯著的(1)Itissignificantthat... 很明顯……(2)significancen. 意義；意思；重要性beofsignificanceto... 對(duì)……有重要意義attachsignificanceto... 認(rèn)為……重要(to為介詞)(3)significantlyadv. 顯著地；有重大意義地[演繹法練通](單句語法填空)①(2022·全國(guó)甲卷)Sometimeintheearly1960s,asignificant(significance)thinghappenedinSydney,Australia.②Sheshowedspecialconcernforthecollegestudentsandattachedmuchsignificancetoeducating(educate)them.③Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantly(significant)greatersenseofbelonging.3．a(chǎn)ttachv．系；綁；貼(1)attachsth.to... 把某物連接到/附在……上attachoneselfto 依附……；纏著……attachimportance/significance/valueto... 認(rèn)為……重要/有意義/有價(jià)值(2)attachedadj. 喜愛的；依戀的；附屬于beattachedto 被連接到……；依戀；附屬于(3)attachmentn. 附件，附屬物；信念；忠誠(chéng)[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/完成句子)①(2021·浙江6月高考)DavidBondrealizedthathischildren,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattached(attach)toscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay“chocolate”intohisthree－year－oldson'searwithoutgettingaresponse.②(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)She'stryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco－friendly.③Thescientist'sattachment(attach)tohishomelanddrovehimtoreturnfromabroad.④Onherbirthday,shereceivedaboxofchocolateswithacardattached(attach)toit,saying“Happybirthday！”⑤Justasthissentencereveals,someofusteenagersattach_much_more_importance_to_our_phones_than_to_our_friends.正如這句話所揭示的那樣，我們青少年中的一些人對(duì)我們手機(jī)的重視程度超過了對(duì)我們的朋友。4．a(chǎn)ccountn．記述；描述，賬戶v.認(rèn)為是；視為(1)onaccountof＝becauseof 因?yàn)?，由于onnoaccount＝innoway 決不giveanaccountof 報(bào)告；敘述；說明takeoaccount＝takeaccountofsth. 對(duì)某事加以考慮(2)accountfor 解釋，說明，占……(比例)[名師指津]onnoaccount意為“決不”，位于句首時(shí)，句子要用部分倒裝，有類似用法的還有：bynomeans,innoway,innocase,onnocondition,undernocircumstances,atnotime等。[演繹法練通](單句語法填空/詞匯升級(jí)/完成句子)①(2020·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.②Iwasanewteacher,andIgaveanhonestaccountofthestudents'work.③Theflightwaspostponedbecauseofbadweather.on_account_of④Onnoaccountcan_we_ignore_the_value_of_knowledge,_aswellaspracticalexperience.我們絕對(duì)不能忽略知識(shí)以及實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)的價(jià)值。⑤Undernocircumstancesshould_you_tell_the_secret_to_others.在任何情況下，你都不應(yīng)該把這個(gè)秘密告訴別人。5．intermsof談及；在……方面；就……而言(單句語法填空/完成句子)①Withalargebrain,humanbeingsbeatotherbeingsintermsofintelligence.②It'snoteasyforhertocometotermswiththefactthatheisunemployed.③Iwason_good_terms_with_everyoneinthefootballteam.我和足球隊(duì)的每個(gè)人關(guān)系都很好。④Learningisnotalwayseasy,but_it_is_always_beneficial_in_the_long_term/run.學(xué)習(xí)并不總是那么容易，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看它總是有益的。[歸納法記牢]inthelongterm/run 從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來看intheshortterm/run 從短期來看beongoodtermswithsb. 與某人關(guān)系好cometotermswith 與……妥協(xié)/達(dá)成協(xié)議1．虛擬條件句虛擬條件句的用法如下：類別從句謂語動(dòng)詞主句謂語動(dòng)詞對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬were或一般過去時(shí)would(should,could,might)＋動(dòng)詞原形對(duì)將來情況的虛擬一般過去時(shí)；should＋動(dòng)詞原形；weretodowould(should,could,might)＋動(dòng)詞原形對(duì)過去情況的虛擬過去完成時(shí)(haddone)would(could,should)＋havedone先學(xué)通(通過題點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練把握用法規(guī)則)(單句語法填空)①Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfIwere(be)free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.②Ifithadnotbeenfortheirtimelyrescue,theoldladywould_have_lost(lose)herlife.③Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifitwere_to/shouldbreakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)④如果比賽明天舉行，我可能會(huì)去看。Ifthecontestweretotakeplacetomorrow,I_would_probably_go_to_see_it.⑤如果你能接受我的申請(qǐng)，我會(huì)非常高興。Iwouldbeverydelightedif_you_could_accept_my_application.2．that引導(dǎo)同位語從句(1)that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句用來對(duì)其前面的抽象名詞進(jìn)行解釋說明，that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，只起連接作用，但不可省略。(2)后跟that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句的名詞有：news,belief,message,evidence,promise,hope,doubt,thought,idea,proposal,suggestion,truth,possibility,chance等。先學(xué)通(通過句子變換把握句式特點(diǎn))①Later,itwassaidthatthebombwastakenaway,safe.→Later,newscamethat_the_bomb_was_taken_away,_safe.(同位語從句)②Ifirmlybelieveeveryoneissuretoreceiveanunexpectedjoy.→Iholdthe_firm_belief_that_every_one_is_sure_to_receive_an_unexpected_joy.(同位語從句)再寫美(通過句子仿寫做到運(yùn)用自如)③在最高水平(的比賽中)獲勝的唯一方法是完全相信你比運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)上的任何人都要好。Theonlywaytosucceedatthehighestlevelistohavetotalbeliefthat_you_are_better_than_anyone_else_on_the_sports_field.④他似乎有可能在比賽中獲得第一名。There_seems_a_possibility_that_he_will_win_first_place_in_the_competition._1．賞結(jié)構(gòu)之美Now，reducedenergysuppliesandenvironmentalpollutionhaveledtomoreadvancesinthetechnologyofnewenergyvehicles.Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.賞析：本段中“Butwhatremainsimportantisthatwehaveanincredibledesiretothinkandcreate,andthat'stherealspiritofinvention.”使用了復(fù)雜句式，這種句式可以表達(dá)一些意義復(fù)雜且嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)母拍?，從而使說明更加具體、全面。該句是and連接的并列句，and前面的分句中“whatremainsimportant”是主語從句，“thatwehave...create”是表語從句；and后的句子是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。2．賞寫作手法之美Scientistsoftenquestionacceptedideasbecausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.SomehaveevenquestionedthestoryabouttheapplethatfellonNewton'sheadandledhimtocomeupwithhistheoryofgravity.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.賞析：本段作者引用牛頓被一個(gè)蘋果砸到腦袋而想出萬有引力定律的例子來說明科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)不完全是事實(shí)，也有虛構(gòu)的成分。這種舉例法是論說文中證明論點(diǎn)的一種重要方法。掌握這一方法，學(xué)生可以更好地理解或?qū)懽髡撜f文。(一)用本單元知識(shí)完成下列語段主題語境——發(fā)明創(chuàng)造Nowadays,①many_capable_people_desire_to_invent(許多有能力的人渴望發(fā)明)stuffthatcanmakepeople'slifeeasier,whichissignificant.②For_instance(例如),manytalented(用本單元詞匯替換加黑詞：③brilliant)housewivesmakealotofextraordinaryminorinventions,④which_is_a_proof_that_everyone_can_make_a_difference_to_our_life_beyond_our_own_expectations(這證明了每個(gè)人都可以對(duì)我們的生活做出超乎自己預(yù)期的影響；定語從句；同位語從句).Somefailmanytimesbutthey⑤never_say_never(永不言棄).They⑥conduct_experiments(進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn))overandoveragainuntilthey'resatisfied.(二)根據(jù)提示，續(xù)寫語段結(jié)合“科技發(fā)展與信息技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，科學(xué)精神，信息安全”這一主題，根據(jù)下面給出的開頭語和情節(jié)脈絡(luò)續(xù)寫一個(gè)80詞左右的片段。情節(jié)脈絡(luò)：Edith準(zhǔn)備參加一個(gè)科技發(fā)明比賽，她的偶像，發(fā)明家Mathew將擔(dān)任裁判→Edith制作了一個(gè)巨大的音樂盒，當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)把手的時(shí)候，音樂盒能發(fā)出明亮的光，并放出優(yōu)美的音樂→比賽當(dāng)天，Edith早早來到會(huì)場(chǎng)，信心滿滿→不幸的是，當(dāng)Edith轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)把手的時(shí)候，因?yàn)榱庑《鴮?dǎo)致音樂盒電力不足，所以沒有取得應(yīng)有的效果。Edith只收獲了別人的嘲笑→意外發(fā)生，比賽會(huì)場(chǎng)忽然停電，比賽不得不取消。Mathew騎上自行車準(zhǔn)備離開……Inthedark,EdithcouldjustseeMathewclimbingontohisbike,withhispedalsglimmering(發(fā)出微光)．參考范文：Inthedark,EdithcouldjustseeMathewclimbingontohisbike,withhispedalsglimmering(發(fā)出微光).“Don'tgo！”Edithshouted,“Iknowhowtolightuptheroom！”Edithsaid,“Themachineneedsalotofpowertoturnthehandle.Thefasterpeopleturnthehandle,thebrighterthelightis.However,I'mnotstrongenoughtoturnthehandle.Ithinkyouandyourbikecanbehelpful.”HearingthemethodthatEdithoffered,Mathewagreedandhelpedhertolinkhisbikewiththemusicbox.AsMathewrodethebike,themusicboxgraduallylituptheroom.Everyonejumpedwithjoyaslightandmusicfromthemachinefilledtheroom.EveryonewasgratefulthatEdithhadletthecompetitioncarryon.課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)主題閱讀集群訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)40分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2023·南京市六校聯(lián)合體調(diào)研試題)Ifyou'replanningtogoonadiet,orifyousufferfromseriousconditionslikediabetes(糖尿病),knowingexactlywhatandhowmuchyou'reeatingisessential.Inthisdayandage,wehavecalorieandnutritioncalculatorsevenonoursmartphones,buttheyactonlyasguides,whereasafamouscompany'srevolutionarynewdevice,CaloRieco,actuallyanalyzesthefoodonyourplateandprovidesaccurateinformationinjustafewseconds.You'veprobablyusedcaloriecalculatorsbefore,andyouknowthattheyonlyoffergeneralinformation.Forexample,acalculatorwilltellyoutheaveragenumberofcaloriesinahamburger,butitcan'ttellyouexactlyhowmanycaloriesareinthehamburger.Thesamegoesfornutrientslikeproteinorfat.AndthisiswhatmakesthenewCaloRiecosospecial.Displayedatarecenttechshow,CaloRiecoisahigh－techdevicethatuseslightreflectiontechnologytodeterminethenutritionalvaluesofalmostanyfoodandalsoprovideaccuratecalorieestimates.Allyouhavetodoisputyourplateinthebox－shapeddeviceandwaitbetween10and20secondsforittoanalyzeallthefood.Onceit'sdoneanalyzingthevariousingredientsinyourmeal,CaloRiecodisplaysthenumberofcalories,aswellasthenutritionalcontentonanLEDdisplay.Accordingtothecompany,thedeviceisabletorecognizethevastmajorityoffoods,exceptsoupsandverydarkdishes.CaloRiecocanalsoconnecttoyoursmartphoneviaanapp,andsendallthedataaboutanalyzedfoodstoyourhandhelddevice,soyoucanaccessitwheneveryouneed.Thespokesmanforthecompanysaidthatitsoutstandinginventionisaimedatdietersanddiabetessufferers,bothofwhommakeupasizablemarket.Unfortunately,you'llhavetowaitabitlongertogetyourhandsonyourveryownCaloRieco,asthedevicepresentedattheshowisjustaprototype(樣機(jī))whichneedstobeimproved.It'sscheduledtohitthemarketsometimeinthenextfewyears,butthepriceremainsamystery.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。一家著名公司新發(fā)明了一個(gè)名為CaloRieco的卡路里計(jì)算器，該設(shè)備利用了光反射技術(shù)。用戶只要將餐盤放在設(shè)備內(nèi)，便能很快得到食物的營(yíng)養(yǎng)和卡路里信息。1．WhatistheadvantageofCaloRieco?A．Ituseslightreflectiontechnology.B．Itoffersgeneralinformationoffood.C．Itisahigh－techdeviceworkingasaguide.D．Itcanpresenttheexactcalorieofanalyzedfood.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段尾句中的“afamouscompany'srevolutionarynew...afewseconds”可知，該公司這款設(shè)備的優(yōu)勢(shì)是能在數(shù)秒內(nèi)準(zhǔn)確分析出食物的熱量信息。2．Accordingtothetext,CaloRieco________.A．needsalongtimetoanalyzethefoodB．candisplaythefooddataonthesmartphonedirectlyC．cancountthecaloriesofallfoodsonyourplateD．maybewellreceivedamongdietersanddiabetessufferers解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段第一句中的“itsoutstandinginvention...asizablemarket”可知，這種產(chǎn)品是針對(duì)節(jié)食者和糖尿病患者的，據(jù)此可以推知，這款產(chǎn)品會(huì)深受這兩類人群的歡迎。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph5referto?A．Thesmartphone. B．Theapp.C．Thedata. D．Thefood.解析：選C代詞指代題。通讀第五段內(nèi)容可知，CaloRieco卡路里計(jì)算器還可以通過應(yīng)用程序連接到你的智能手機(jī)，并將所有分析過的食物數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到你的手機(jī)上，這樣你就可以在需要的時(shí)候訪問它。據(jù)此可知，it指代上文中的data。4．WhatcanweinferaboutCaloRiecofromthelastparagraph?A．It'sperfect. B．It'spromising.C．It'scostly. D．It'sportable.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)尾段尾句中的“It'sscheduledto...nextfewyears”可知，該產(chǎn)品計(jì)劃在未來幾年內(nèi)上市，據(jù)此可以推知，該產(chǎn)品是有前途的。B(2023·濰坊市高三階段性監(jiān)測(cè))Thisyearresearchersexpecttheworldtosnap1.35trillionphotographs,orabout3.7billionperday.Allthosepixels(像素)takeupalotofroomiftheyarestoredonpersonalcomputersorphones,whichisonereasonwhymanypeoplestoretheirimagesinthecloud.Butunlikeaharddrive,whichcanbeencryptedtoprotectitsdata,cloudstorageusershavetotrustthatatechplatformwillkeeptheirprivatepicturessafe.NowateamofColumbiaUniversitycomputerscientistshasdevelopedatooltoencrypt(把……加密)imagesstoredonmanypopularcloudserviceswhileallowingauthorizeduserstobrowseanddisplaytheirphotographsasusual.Malicious(懷有惡意的)attemptstoaccessorleakcloud－basedphotographscanexposepersonalinformation.InNovember2019,forexample,abuginapopularphotographstorageappmistakenlysharedsomeusers'privatevideoswithstrangers.Securityexpertsalsoworryaboutemployeesatcloudstoragecompaniesonpurposeaccessingusers'images.SotheColumbiaresearcherscameupwithasystemcalledEasySecurePhotos(ESP),whichtheypresentedatarecentconference.“Wewantedtoseeifwecouldmakeitpossibletoencryptdatawhileusingexistingservices，”saysacomputerscientistJasonNieh,oneofthedevelopersofESP.“Everyonewantstostaywiththestorageappanddoesnotwanttoregisteronanewencrypted－imagecloudstorageservice.”Toovercomethisproblem,theycreatedatoolthatpreservesblocksofpixelsbutmovesthemaroundtoeffectivelyhidethephotograph.First,ESP'salgorithm(算法)dividesaphotographintothreeseparatefiles,eachonecontainingtheimage'sred,greenorbluecolordata.Thenthesystemhidesthepixelblocksaroundamongthesethreefiles(allowingablockfromtheredfile,forinstance,tohideoutinthegreenorblueones).Buttheprogramdoesnothingwithinthepixelblocks,wherealltheimageprocessinghappens.Asaresult,thefilesremainunchangedimagesbutenduplookinglikegrainyblack－and－whiteonestoanyonewhoaccessesthemwithoutthedecryption(解密)key.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。哥倫比亞大學(xué)的一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家團(tuán)隊(duì)開發(fā)了一種工具，可以對(duì)存儲(chǔ)在云服務(wù)上的圖像進(jìn)行加密，以保護(hù)用戶隱私。本文介紹了該技術(shù)的研發(fā)背景和原理等。5．What'sprobablythemainpurposeforpeopletostoreimagesinthecloud?A．Tosavestorageroom.B．Tomakephotosbeautiful.C．Totryanewstorageway.D．Tokeeptheirprivacysafe.解析：選A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句可知，人們?yōu)榱斯?jié)省個(gè)人電腦或手機(jī)的存儲(chǔ)空間，會(huì)將圖像存儲(chǔ)在云端，故A項(xiàng)正確。6．Whymightemployeesatcloudstoragecompaniesbedistrustedbyexperts?A．Theysellusers'passwords.B．Theyhaveinventednewtools.C．Theyoftenletoutpersonalinformation.D．Theymaystealaglanceatusers'images.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句可知，安全專家擔(dān)心云存儲(chǔ)公司的員工會(huì)故意訪問用戶的圖像，故D項(xiàng)正確。7．What'stheadvantageofESP?A．Itcanprovideclearimages.B．Itcandecreasetheuploadtime.C．Itcanclassifyimagesautomatically.D．Itcanencryptdataontheoriginalplatform.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“Wewantedtoseeifwecouldmakeitpossibletoencryptdatawhileusingexistingservices”可知，ESP的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是可以在原來的平臺(tái)上給數(shù)據(jù)加密，故D項(xiàng)正確。8．WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Themethodofdecryption.B．Theimageprocessingtechnique.C．Separatefilesofimages.D．Dataanalysisofcolors.解析：選B段落大意題。根據(jù)該段主旨句“Toovercomethisproblem...effectivelyhidethephotograph.”再結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，該段主要介紹了圖像處理技術(shù)的過程，故B項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2023·濰坊市統(tǒng)考)Thereisnoescapingourevolutionintoacashlesssociety.Theideathatalltransactions(交易)canbecompleteddigitallyisbecomingmorerealisticdaybyday.__9__Asitis,peopleincreasinglydemandlow－touchorcontactlesspaymentswithgrowingconcernsoverthespreadofvirusesanddiseases.Acashlesssocietywouldgiverisetoaneweraforfinancialdeals.Thekeybenefitswouldincludelowercrimerates,easierforeigntransactions,andreducedrisksandcosts.Theideaofacashlesssocietyappearsverycommoninoursociety.__10__Economicinequalityandinclusivity(包容性)arefundamentalissuesstillpresentworldwide.__11__Theunbankedandpoorcouldfacesignificantchallengeswithdigitalmodesofpayment.Infact,mostoftheunbankedviewthecashlessmovementasanunfairactagainstthosewithoutbankaccounts.Foracashlesssociety,thereneedstobeanunderstandingandacceptancebygovernmentsandpaymentprovidersofthefinancialinclusionissuescurrentlyinexistence.__12__Therearealsotheelderlyandthedisabledwhofacetheirownchallengeswithrapiddigitalizationandtechnologicaladvancement.TherearestillpartsofsocietythatlacktrustindigitalpaymentsorhavebarrierstoaccessingmobilephonesandtheInternet.__13__Itisalsoabouttolaunchanationaldigitalcurrency(貨幣),theworld'sfirst.Nearlyeverythingcanbetransactedbydigitalmeanshere.AswepreparefortheconsequenceofthepandemicandusethemodelsetbyChina,othercountriesneedtotakeituponthemselvestoprovideaharmonious,effective,andcashlesssociety—onethatdoesnotleaveanyonebehind.A．However,thisisfarfromreality.B．Severalcountrieshaveenteredcashlesssociety.C．Acashlesssocietymightactuallyworsentheseproblems.D．Thepandemichasspedupthemoveawayfromphysicalcash.E．InChina,fouroutofeveryfivepaymentsarenowcashless.F．Itisn'tjusttheunbankedwhoareatriskofbeingleftbehind.G．Sofinancialinclusionneedstobethecorevalueinacashlesssociety.語篇解讀：隨著社會(huì)的不斷發(fā)展，無現(xiàn)金社會(huì)似乎成了大勢(shì)所趨。疫情的不斷蔓延更是加速了人類社會(huì)向無現(xiàn)金社會(huì)邁進(jìn)的步伐。9．選D“Theideathat...daybyday.”與D項(xiàng)之間存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，且D項(xiàng)中的Thepandemic與空后句子中的withgrowingconcernsoverthespreadofvirusesanddiseases相照應(yīng)。10．選A“Theideaof...inoursociety.”與A項(xiàng)之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。11．選C第二段首句與C項(xiàng)之間存在遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。C項(xiàng)中的theseproblems指的便是前邊提到的Economicinequalityandinclusivity。12．選F空后的“Therearealso...andtechnologicaladvancement.”與F項(xiàng)照應(yīng)，兩者之間為并列關(guān)系。13．選EE項(xiàng)與“Itisalso...theworld'sfirst.”之間為遞進(jìn)關(guān)系?？蘸缶渥又械腎t指代的是E項(xiàng)中的China。Ⅲ.完形填空eq\a\vs4\al(2023·長(zhǎng)沙模擬)Whatwouldhappenifthehumanbrainwasconnectedtoapowerfulcomputer?ThatiswhatKevinWarwick,aprofessorattheUniversityofReading,UK,__14__tofindout.“Iwanttohaveagoatcompletelychangingwhatitmeanstobe__15__，”hesays.Soonhewillhavean__16__.Aglasstubewillbeplacedaroundagroupofnervesinhisarm.Insidethetubetherewillbetinycomputercircuits.Thesewill__17__messagesbeingsenttothebrainandsendthemtoacomputer.“Painprovidesaclearelectronicsignalonthenervoussystemasitmovesfromits__18__oforigintothebrain.Wewanttofindoutwhathappensifthatsignalissenttothecomputerandthenplayedbackagain.WillIfeelthe__19__pain？”saysKevinWarwick.Itisnotjustabout__20__.Thehumannervoussystemsendsawidevarietyofothermessagestothebrain,sotherecouldbemanydifferent__21__.Thecomputercouldprovidetheeyesforablindperson.Anxiousordepressedpeopleareoftengivendrugstomakethemfeel__22__.Butwhatiftheycoulddownloadfeelingsofhappinessdirectlyintotheirminds?Imagineyouarethousandsofmilesawayfromyourlovedones.Youlovethemand__23__tobebackwiththem.Thenyoustorethese__24__onacomputerandsendthemtoyourfamilyasane－mail.ProfessorWarwickbelievesthatthesuccessofhisnewexperimentcouldleadtotheevolutionofhumans.Ahumanwillbeone__25__tousethememoryandmathematicalpowerofthecomputer.Heorshewillbeabletocommunicatethoughtsandfeelings__26__acrosstheplanetusingtheInternet.Peoplehaveusedtheirintelligencetocreateincreasinglyintelligent__27__.Hasthetimenowcomeforthetwoto__28__together?語篇解讀：本文是說明文。如果人類的大腦與一臺(tái)功能強(qiáng)大的計(jì)算機(jī)相連，會(huì)發(fā)生什么？英國(guó)雷丁大學(xué)教授凱文·沃里克通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證明這會(huì)導(dǎo)致人類的進(jìn)化。14．A.manages B．helpsC．intends D．tends解析：選C根據(jù)文章首句可知，教授打算查明這個(gè)問題的答案。故選C。15．A.advanced B．humanC．a(chǎn)rtificial D．competitive解析：選B根據(jù)文章首句可知，讓人腦與電腦相連將改變作為人類的含義。故選B。16．A.operation B．a(chǎn)djustmentC．a(chǎn)ssessment D．examination解析：選A根據(jù)“Aglasstubewillbeplacedaroundagroupofnervesinhisarm.”可知，這是一個(gè)手術(shù)。故選A。17．A.giveoff B．turnintoC．pickup D．makeup解析：選C根據(jù)“messagesbeingsenttothebrainandsendthemtoacomputer”可知，這是接收信號(hào)，并發(fā)送信號(hào)。pickup“接收，撿起”。故選C。18．A.level B．spaceC．moment D．point解析：選Dpointoforigin“(疼痛的)起點(diǎn)、原點(diǎn)”。此處指從疼痛的起點(diǎn)到大腦。故選D。19．A.awful B．usualC．same D．slight解析：選C根據(jù)上文“Painprovidesaclear...asitmoves”可知，疼痛在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)提供清晰的電子信號(hào)，這里是猜測(cè)是否能感受到相同的疼痛。故選C。20．A.signals B．painC．brain D．messages解析：選B根據(jù)上文“Painprovidesaclear...asitmoves”及下文“Thehumannervoussystem...tothebrain”可知，神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)不只是傳送疼痛，也向大腦發(fā)送其他的各種各樣的信息。故選B。21．A.explanations B．a(chǎn)pplicationsC．systems D．problems解析：選B根據(jù)上文“Thehumannervoussystem...tothebrain”及下文“Thecomputercould...blindperson.”可知，人類神經(jīng)有不同的應(yīng)用。故選B。22．A.better B．strongerC．wiser D．worse解析：選A根據(jù)“Anxiousordepressed...givendrugs”可知，此處是指給焦慮或抑郁的人藥物，讓他們不那么焦慮和抑郁，即讓他們感覺更好些。故選A。23．A.prefer B．a(chǎn)greeC．long D．re