交交變頻與交直交變頻的對(duì)比-

Industrial

Solutions

and

ServicesIndustrial

Solutions

and

ServicesSiemensIndustrialServices交交變頻與交直交變頻器的對(duì)比Roland

GebhardYour

Success

is

Our

GoalBefore

lookingat

the

different

factors,

affectingthe

selection

of

the

optimumdrive

system,

lets

first

have

a

look

onto

the

drive

systems.Acc.

to

our

understanding,

the

drive

systemdoes

not

only

consist

of

the○

converter,○

its

control

unit

and

the○

motor,but

also

comprises

the○

circuit

breaker

and

the○

converter

transformer.Additionally,

also

the○

gear

box

andthe○

whole

rolling

mill

standhaveto

be

included.When

we

want

to

find

out

the

optimumdrive

solution

fora

certain

mill

application,

we

have

to

take

into

account

various

requirements

fromdifferent

aspects:○

from

the

rolling

process○

from

the

required

performance○

from

the

communication

(open

and

standardized

to

meet

your

requirements

andto

be

prepared

for

supplements

realized

later,

high

performance

in

order

to

achieveafast

data

exchange

between

the

drive

and

the

automationsystem)○from

the

line

side

(overall

efficiency

influences

the

operating

costs)○

and

last

but

not

least

from

the

economics

(reliability

andtheavailability

directly

influence

the

downtimes

and

therefore

your

profit,

high

reproducibilityand

long-term

stability

are

necessary

for

continuouslygood

product

quality,

ensured

by

using

fullydigital,

highperformance

control

units)Finding

the

optimummeans

to

find

a

drive

system,

which

of

course

fulfills

all

requirements

beingdefined

from

the

rolling

process,

but

onlyneeds

aminimumbudget.E.g.

if

we

consider

a

certain

power

and

speed,

the

selection

of

the

motor

type

is

mainly

influenced

by

the

required

fieldweakening

range

and

the

overload

demands.

For

high

overload

requirements

and

large

field

weakening

ranges,

the

synchronous

motors

minimizeboth

the

motor

and

the

converter

size.選擇傳動(dòng)裝置時(shí)應(yīng)考慮的因素~

~M3~交交變頻交直交變頻直聯(lián)式電機(jī)內(nèi)裝式電機(jī)RealizationIndustrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServicesBefore

lookingat

the

different

factors,

affectingthe

selection

of

the

optimumdrive

system,

lets

first

have

a

look

onto

the

drive

systems.Acc.

to

our

understanding,

the

drive

systemdoes

not

only

consist

of

the○

converter,○

its

control

unit

and

the○

motor,but

also

comprises

the○

circuit

breaker

and

the○

converter

transformer.Additionally,

also

the○

gear

box

andthe○

whole

rolling

mill

standhaveto

be

included.When

we

want

to

find

out

the

optimumdrive

solution

fora

certain

mill

application,

we

have

to

take

into

account

various

requirements

fromdifferent

aspects:○

from

the

rolling

process○

from

the

required

performance○

from

the

communication

(open

and

standardized

to

meet

your

requirements

andto

be

prepared

for

supplements

realized

later,

high

performance

in

order

to

achieveafast

data

exchange

between

the

drive

and

the

automationsystem)○from

the

line

side

(overall

efficiency

influences

the

operating

costs)○

and

last

but

not

least

from

the

economics

(reliability

andtheavailability

directly

influence

the

downtimes

and

therefore

your

profit,

high

reproducibilityand

long-term

stability

are

necessary

for

continuouslygood

product

quality,

ensured

by

using

fullydigital,

highperformance

control

units)Finding

the

optimummeans

to

find

a

drive

system,

which

of

course

fulfills

all

requirements

beingdefined

from

the

rolling

process,

but

onlyneeds

aminimumbudget.E.g.

if

we

consider

a

certain

power

and

speed,

the

selection

of

the

motor

type

is

mainly

influenced

by

the

required

fieldweakening

range

and

the

overload

demands.

For

high

overload

requirements

and

large

field

weakening

ranges,

the

synchronous

motors

minimizeboth

the

motor

and

the

converter

size.選擇傳動(dòng)裝置時(shí)應(yīng)考慮的因素Points

of

influence經(jīng)濟(jì)因素Drive

system投資成本運(yùn)行成本~

~M3~可靠性維護(hù)成本控制系統(tǒng)的因素給定值設(shè)定點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)矩的質(zhì)量提升循環(huán)周期通訊開放式標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度運(yùn)行過程功率速度過載轉(zhuǎn)矩截繩對(duì)電網(wǎng)的影響Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServicesCos諧波總體效率電壓降哪一種方案最優(yōu)？SM150交直交變頻器SIMOVERT

D交交變頻器M3~M3~Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一種方案最優(yōu)？特點(diǎn):?電機(jī)定子繞組每相對(duì)應(yīng)一套反并聯(lián)可控硅橋?能量直接轉(zhuǎn)換（無直流環(huán)節(jié)）?最大輸出頻率約為電網(wǎng)側(cè)頻率的45%?適用的電機(jī)功率范圍為：

1

MW至20

MW或更高?風(fēng)冷-維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單M3~Cycloconverter功率:Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices10.4

MVA/12脈沖過載:200%

/

60s效率:99,3

%哪一種方案最優(yōu)？Cycloconverter缺點(diǎn)：優(yōu)點(diǎn)：?高過載能力?有無功功率消耗?非常簡(jiǎn)單的觸發(fā)單元?會(huì)產(chǎn)生諧波?高效率（無直流環(huán)節(jié)）?非常簡(jiǎn)單的電路和機(jī)械結(jié)構(gòu)?非常堅(jiān)固并可靠維護(hù)簡(jiǎn)單?在低頻（速）段也有大電流輸出Industrial

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and

Services

Your

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is

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IS

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for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一種方案最優(yōu)？Sinamics

SM150M3~特點(diǎn):?

多電平交直交變頻技術(shù)?有源前端?10

MVA的功率?電壓等級(jí)3300

V?頻率0–76,5

Hz?水冷容量:Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices10

MVA過載:110%

/

20s效率:98

%哪一種方案最優(yōu)？Sinamics

SM150?優(yōu)點(diǎn):?對(duì)電網(wǎng)的不良相應(yīng)?。o無功功率，極低的諧波）?缺點(diǎn):?比較復(fù)雜（與交交變頻相比）?較低的過載能力?較大的占地面積Industrial

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and

Services

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for

Mine

WindersSiemensIndustrialServices哪一種方案最優(yōu)？24

IGCTs,36二極管自換向二次能量轉(zhuǎn)換較復(fù)雜的變頻器低0

–

76,5

Hz1

x特殊變壓器1,0較高較大重要一般使用在10

Hz成本重要交交變頻交直交變頻對(duì)提升機(jī)的影響72個(gè)可控硅網(wǎng)側(cè)換向只有一次能量轉(zhuǎn)換簡(jiǎn)單的直流技術(shù)高，可達(dá)到260%,5秒0

–

22,5

Hz6

x標(biāo)準(zhǔn)變壓器與速度有關(guān)較低較少功率部分Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices0速時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)矩頻率變壓器功率因數(shù)投資成本占地面積哪一種方案最優(yōu)？水冷96

%5-10年前開始使用的IGCT新技術(shù)空氣冷卻較簡(jiǎn)單能量消耗空氣風(fēng)冷99

%1960開始使用的可控硅自1980開始使用在提升機(jī)上冷卻Industrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices效率開斷元件可用性交交變頻交直交變頻器對(duì)提升機(jī)的影響MMMM增大電網(wǎng)短路容量采用12脈動(dòng)交交變頻器靜態(tài)VAR補(bǔ)償裝置動(dòng)態(tài)無功功率補(bǔ)償和諧波濾?強(qiáng)勁的電網(wǎng)“(SVC)波器減少減少諧波減少減少電壓降，和諧波和無功功諧波，無功功諧波電壓率損耗率損耗以及電壓降其他Compensation

forCycloconverterIndustrial

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WindersSiemensIndustrialServices純凈水回路（閉路循環(huán)）用去離子水作為制冷劑清潔的工業(yè)水回路由法蘭連接到用戶的系統(tǒng)清潔的工業(yè)循環(huán)水可以用作制冷劑內(nèi)部管路全由不銹鋼制成根據(jù)不同的變頻器數(shù)量，有四種不同形式的冷卻單元可供選擇其他Cooling

forSinamics

SM150Industrial

Solutions

and

Services

Your

Success

is

Our

GoalI&S

IS

E&C

Service

for