詞匯后綴課件

WordFormationofSuffixesLeadinDreamItPossible

classifythewordsundefeated,unstoppable,beautiful,possibleTheyallhave:suffix(后綴)后綴是一種重要的構(gòu)詞法，通過(guò)后綴常?？梢耘袛喑鲆粋€(gè)詞的詞性。后綴放在詞根（stem）之后。Forexample:beautiful中beauty為詞根，-ful為后綴。Teachingaims(教學(xué)目標(biāo))由于高考對(duì)派生詞的考察以后綴為主，因此本節(jié)課主要為派生詞后綴的講解，熟悉常見(jiàn)后綴，及用法。CONTENTS名詞后綴1形容詞后綴2動(dòng)詞后綴3副詞后綴4目錄CONTENTSscientistmusiciandoctor猜職業(yè)illnessshoppingmembership1.名詞后綴---構(gòu)成名詞①-er,-or（人或物）

teachv.--------teachern.visitv.---------visitorn.②-ian（人，...家）

musicn.--------musiciann.

③-ist（主義者，...家）

tourn.旅程--------touristn.旅游者④-ing（表名詞）

buildv.建立--------buildingn.建筑物⑤-ment（行為，結(jié)果，狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)）

developv.發(fā)展--------developmentn.發(fā)展⑥-ness（性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)）

happyadj.快樂(lè)的--------happinessn.快樂(lè)⑦-th（行為，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)）

warmadj.溫暖的--------warmthn.溫暖⑧-tion

-cion/-sion/-ation(動(dòng)作;狀態(tài))invitev.邀請(qǐng)-------invitation邀請(qǐng)函⑨-ty,-ity（狀態(tài)，）possibleadj.------possibilityn.⑩-ship(關(guān)系，身份)

friendn.--------friendshipn.友誼

1.名詞后綴---構(gòu)成名詞?-age（狀態(tài)，集合）

?-ence/-ency(構(gòu)成抽象名詞）dependentadj.--------dependence依靠，?-ance?-ee(動(dòng)作承受者或受影響

者）employv.---------employeen.受雇者，?-ess(女性)actv.---------actress女演員，waitressn.女服務(wù)員?-ism?-hood?-ure(結(jié)果;行為;狀態(tài);）?-al(動(dòng)作過(guò)程;結(jié)果)arrivev.---------arrivaln.到達(dá)，approvaln.贊同

后綴改變?cè)~性Chooseonepartfromeachboxtoformandwritethenewwords.-tion-ment-ure-ageExercisecloudyvaluablehomelessexpensivepowerfuldangerous后綴意義用法例詞-able可/能…的加在名詞或及物動(dòng)詞后valuable珍貴的-al有...性質(zhì)的加在名詞后natural自然的-ant,-ent...的加在外來(lái)動(dòng)詞詞干上important重要的-ic,-ical...性質(zhì)的，與...有關(guān)的加在外來(lái)詞干的名詞上basic基本的-ish稍帶...的，...氣的，...民族的，...語(yǔ)的加在名詞或形容詞上用于民族國(guó)家地名之上English英國(guó)的-ive有...傾向的/性質(zhì)的加在動(dòng)詞上expensive昂貴的-ful充滿...的，引起...的加在名詞或少數(shù)名詞上powerful充滿力量的-less無(wú)/不...的，不能...的加在名詞或動(dòng)詞上homeless無(wú)家可歸的-ous充滿...的，有...特性的加在名詞上dangerous危險(xiǎn)的-y有/多...的，想...的加在名詞上cloudy多云的-ed有...的，有...特征的加在名詞或動(dòng)詞上tired疲倦的-en由...構(gòu)(制)成的加在物質(zhì)名詞上wooden木制的-ern...方的加在表示方位的名詞上western西方的-ly有...性質(zhì)的，...形狀的加在名詞或形容詞上daily日常的2.形容詞后綴---構(gòu)成形容詞rain(形容詞)________agree(反義)__________nation(形容詞)_______fame(形容詞)__________recent(副詞)________friend(形容詞)________hope(形容詞)_______humor(形容詞)__________home(形容詞)________America(形容詞)_______eight(序數(shù)詞)________China(形容詞)________

按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫(xiě)下列單詞rainynationalrecentlyhopefulhumorouseighthAmericandisagreefamousfriendlyhomelessChineseExercisesatisfyfrightenmodernizebeautifyQueenSnowWhiteeducatefinish3.動(dòng)詞后綴后綴意義用法例詞-ate使成為，成為...，處理，使化合見(jiàn)于外來(lái)詞，由外來(lái)詞根組成，不能活用educate教育translate翻譯-en變?yōu)?，使為，變?yōu)橛?，使有加在形容詞上，有時(shí)加在名詞上，通常構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞frighten害怕strengthen加強(qiáng)-fy使成為，使...化加在名詞或形容詞上，構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞和少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞beautify使美麗satisfy使?jié)M意-ish使...,令...大多是從法語(yǔ)輸入的詞，不能構(gòu)成新詞finish完成punish懲罰-ize-ie使成，變成，...化加在名詞或形容詞上，構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞或少數(shù)不及物動(dòng)詞modernize現(xiàn)代化realize意識(shí)到ExerciseChooseonepartfromeachboxtoformandwritethenewwords.sharpbrightsimpleapology-en-fy-ize/ise4.副詞后綴后綴例詞-ly（主要用于形容詞之后表方式或者程度)carefullyquickly-ward（s）（主要用于表示方位的詞之后表示方向）forwardstrue(副詞)________gentle(副詞)_______possible(副詞)________simple(副詞)_______terrible(副詞)________

按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求改寫(xiě)下列單詞trulygentlypossiblysimplyterriblyExercisenationalvisitorsachievementsPracticalapplicationenablerestoreindirectlyeconomicstrengtheneddevelopment

找出運(yùn)用了構(gòu)詞法前綴和后綴的單詞并猜測(cè)其詞性和中文意思2022年新高考I卷之B篇Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsoo