高考北師大版英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)能力提升題組訓(xùn)練Unit14Careers

Unit14Careers能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(A)Ⅰ.閱讀(2019高三雙語報(bào)29期)ThesearchengineGooglecelebratedonThursdayswhatwouldhavebeenthe110thbirthdayofthefirstNativeAmericanwomanengineer.GooglehonoredMaryRosswithaspecialGoogleDoodleonitshomepage.RosswasbornonAugust9,1908,inthestateofOklahoma.Rossshowedspecialabilityinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent,shedevelopedaninterestinaviation,orthepracticeofflyingaircraft,andhadmanyquestionsinhermindaboutit.Shewentontoearnamaster’sdegreeinmathematicsfromtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.DuringWorldWarⅡ,RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedCorporationasamathematician.There,shewasurgedtopleteworkinaeronauticalengineering.SheearnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldandwaslaterchosentojoinLockheed’stopsecretSkunkWorksthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.Thenamewasreferredtoagroupthatwaspermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.There,Rosswastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam’s40members.Earlyon,sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerockets.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.Rossalsohelpedwithearlydesignideasforspacetravelbetweenplanets,includingflybyspaceflightstostudyVenusandMars.Herworkisconsideredcrucialtotheearlystagesofspacetravel.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.MaryRossdiedin2008,afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.OnAugust9,2018,manypeoplecelebratedRoss’lifeonsocialmedia.TheNationalScienceFoundationwroteonTwitterThursday,“EngineerslikeMaryRossareaninspirationtowomeneverywhere.Womenandminoritiesshouldcontinuetofacechallengesandbreakthroughbarriersinengineering.”1.WhatdoweknowaboutRossasayoungstudent?A.Shehelpedwithspacetravelideas. B.Shewascleverandeasygoing.C.Shewastalentedandcurious. D.Shestartedschoolquiteearly.2.WhatdidRossprobablydoin1959?A.Sheworkedasamathematician. B.Shedevotedherselftospacevehicles.C.Sheresearcheddefensesystems. D.Sheworkedonadvancedprojectsherself.3.AccordingtotheNationalScienceFoundation,womentoday.

A.shouldlearnfromMaryRoss B.facestrongsocialpressureC.needtokeepfightingforrights D.shouldfindtheirpropermodel4.What’sthestructureofthepassage?A.①—②③—④⑤—⑥ B.①②—③④⑤—⑥C.①②—③④—⑤—⑥ D.①—②③④⑤—⑥語篇解讀:本文是說明文。文章以谷歌紀(jì)念美國女工程師瑪麗羅斯110年誕辰為引,介紹了這位女工程師的一生。答案及剖析:1.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Rossshowedspecialabilityinmathandscience...shedevelopedaninterestinaviation...可知,羅斯在學(xué)生時(shí)代就很有天賦,對(duì)航空很感興趣,所以她是一個(gè)有天賦和充滿好奇心的學(xué)生。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerockets可知,50年代末期,羅斯的工作集中在衛(wèi)星和一系列太空火箭上。說明這個(gè)時(shí)間她在研制太空運(yùn)載工具。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的TheNationalScienceFoundation在Twitter上發(fā)表的文字可以推斷,當(dāng)今的女性應(yīng)該向羅斯學(xué)習(xí),在戰(zhàn)勝種種障礙的前提下致力于工程研究。4.D篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。本文在第一段提出要介紹的人物MaryRoss,第二、三、四、五段中作者重點(diǎn)介紹了羅斯的一生,最后一段回歸現(xiàn)在,講述了人們對(duì)她所做貢獻(xiàn)的評(píng)價(jià)。Ⅱ.七選五(2019河南八市重點(diǎn)高中聯(lián)盟“領(lǐng)軍考試”)You’vebeenchargingyoursmartphonewrong.Thebestwaytochargeyourphoneisalittleatatime,wheneveryouhaveachance.Justplugitinwheneveryoucan,evenifit’sforafewminutes.“Partialchargescausenoharm,”accordingtoBatteryUniversity.1.BatteryUniversitysaysthatsocalleddeepdischarges,whichhappenwhenyouuseyourphoneuntilonlyasmallportionofitsbatterylifeisleft,weardownbatteries.Trytokeepyourbattery’schargelevelbetween65%and75%.AccordingtoBatteryUniversity,thelithiumion(鈕離子)batteriesinsideyoursmartphoneswillhavethelongestlifespanifthey’rekeptbetween65%and75%chargedatalltimes.2.However,atleastyouknowwhat’sideal!

3.That’sprobablyalotmorerealisticformostpeopleonadaytodaybasis.Butyoudohavesomewiggleroom(活動(dòng)空間).Ifyoutypicallykeepyourphone’schargelevelbetween25%and75%,youlikelywon’tcausetoomuchlongtermdamage.

Neverfullychargeyourbattery—andparticularlynotfromalowchargelevel.Chargingyourphone’sbatteryfromalow25%chargeto100%willreduceitscapacityandshortenitslifespan.4.AccordingtoBatteryUniversity,lithiumionbatteriesdonotneedtobefullycharged,norisitdesirabletodoso.Infact,itisbetternottofullycharge,becauseahighvoltagestressesthebatteryandwearsitoutinthelongrun.

★Don’tchargeyourphoneovernight.I’veseenalotofdebateabouttheeffectsofchargingyoursmartphoneovernight.Butifchargingto100%causesthemostdamage,youshouldprobablycutitout.5.

A.Neverchargeyourphonefortoomuchtime.B.Therefore,unplugyourphoneonceitreaches100%.C.Thebestwaytochargeyourphoneistomaintainthoselevels.D.Thesecondbestchargerangeforbatteriesisbetween45%and75%.E.Don’tfullydischargeyourphonebeforepluggingitin.F.Infact,chargingfromprettymuchanyamountto100%isabadidea.G.It’sclearlyimpracticaltoalwayskeepyourphonechargebetweenthoselevels.答案:15EGDFBⅢ.完形填空GeorgeSpringerhelpedhisteamHoustonAstroswintheWorldSeriesin2017.HewasawardedtheMostValuablePlayer,1hisstruggleismostlyhidden.Hisdifficultyisnotintryingtohitafastball,butin2it.Hestutters(口吃).

GrowingupinConnecticut,Springerwasthekidwhowouldneverraisehishandinschool,thekid3everytimeheopenedhismouth.

“Iwastheguywhodidn’ttalk,”hesaid.“Iwould4speakingatallcosts.”

Hewasoften5.Sometimeshewasbullied(欺侮).Thephonewassufferingtohim.Restaurantswereworse.Ifhewantedadishthatheknewwouldbetoughtosay,hewould6.Ifhewaswithhisfamily,hissisterNicolewould7forhim.

Heremembersacoupleofattemptsatspeechtherapy(語言治療),buthesaidhewasblessedwithencouragingparents,anabilityto8himselfinsports,andasmallgroupoffriendswho9.

“Iftherapyworksforyou,10.Butforme,Ialsodevelopedmyown11tohandleit,”hesaid.“Besides,whenIwasaroundallmyfriends,itdidn’treallyseemto12them.IfIdidit,theywould13untilIwasdone,thenfinishtheconversation.”

Tohelpotherkids14thesameissue,Springerfrequentlyappearedininterviewsandevenagreedtowearamicrophoneonfieldduringthe2017AllStarGame.Hethenadded“Ican’tletanythinginlifeIcan’t15slowmedownorstopmefrombeingwhoIwanttobe.”These22wordsprovedit.

2.A.talkingabout B.dealingwith C.thinkingabout D.playingwithfear C.inrelief D.introuble語篇解讀:本文是一篇人物故事。文章介紹了GeorgeSpringer是美國著名的棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員,他從小口吃,然而在父母的鼓勵(lì)之下,他成為美國最著名的棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一。答案及剖析:1.Bso所以;yet然而;and和;since自從。根據(jù)上下文可知,這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折。句意:然而,他的努力大多數(shù)是被隱藏的。故選B。2.Atalkingabout談?wù)?dealingwith處理;thinkingabout思考;playingwith和……一起玩。根據(jù)Hestutters(口吃)和下文的內(nèi)容可知,他的困難是跟別人交談。故選A。3.Bindelight高興地;infear害怕;inrelief欣慰;introuble在困難中。根據(jù)上下文可知,此處意為:孩子每次開口就害怕。故選B。4.Dforbid禁止;prefer喜歡;regret遺憾;avoid避免。根據(jù)上下文可知,他避免說話。故選D。5.Cdeserted遺棄;scared害怕;teased取笑;attacked攻擊。根據(jù)后句Sometimeshewasbullied(欺侮).可知,他經(jīng)常被取笑。故選C。6.Agesture手勢(shì);weep哭泣;signal信號(hào);beg乞討。根據(jù)前句Ifhewantedadishthatheknewwouldbetoughtosay可推知,他應(yīng)該是用手勢(shì)。故選A。7.Ctake帶走;pay付錢;order命令;訂;cook做飯。根據(jù)前句Ifhewaswithhisfamily可知,他的姐姐Nicole會(huì)為他點(diǎn)餐。故選C。8.Drefresh提醒;relax放松;enjoy喜歡;express表達(dá)。GeorgeSpringer從小口吃,嘗試了許多語言療法,由此可知,他能夠在運(yùn)動(dòng)中表達(dá)自己。故選D。9.Ccared關(guān)心;forgave原諒;understood理解;approved同意。根據(jù)上下文可知,他有一群理解自己的朋友。故選C。10.Binteresting有趣的;great偉大的;unique獨(dú)特的;strange陌生的。根據(jù)后句Butforme,Ialsodevelopedmyown11tohandleit可以推測(cè)出答案。句意:如果治療對(duì)你有效,太棒了。故選B。

11.Aways方法;interest興趣;habits習(xí)慣;taste嘗。句意:我也養(yǎng)成了我自己的方法對(duì)付它。故選A。12.Damaze驚訝;hurt傷害;aid幫助;bother打擾。根據(jù)后句IfIdidit,theywould13untilIwasdone,thenfinishtheconversation.可知,這里指打擾朋友。故選D。

13.Claugh笑;press壓;wait等待;panic驚慌。根據(jù)后句thenfinishtheconversation.可知朋友在等他。故選C。14.Braising提高;facing面對(duì);confusing困惑;settling解決。根據(jù)后句Springerfrequentlyappearedininterviewsandevenagreedtowearamicrophoneonfieldduringthe2017AllStarGame.可知,Springer幫助其他的面臨同樣問題的孩子。故選B。15.Cgrasp抓住;possess擁有;control控制;defend防御。根據(jù)上下文可知,這里指生活中不能控制的任何事。故選C。能力提升題組訓(xùn)練(B)Ⅰ.閱讀ASweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,theaged,andchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents,butalsofriends,workmates,relativesandneighbourswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.Over60yearsago,whenaClevelandmannoticedthatsomepeople,suchaschildrenwholosttheirparentsandpatientswholayinbed,toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,hedevelopedinhismindtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisbygivingthemsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbours,hegavethosepeoplesmallgiftsonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantotakepartinthecelebration,whichcametobecalled“SweetestDay”.Overtime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertothepoor,thesickandchildrenwhohadlosttheirparentswasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallgift.SoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesallovertheUSA.SweetestDayisnotbasedonanysinglegroup’sreligiousbeliefsoronafamilyrelationship.Itisareminderthatathoughtfulwordordeedenricheslifeandgivesitmeaning.Becauseformanypeoplerememberingtakestheformofgiftgiving,SweetestDayoffersustheopportunitytoshowothersthatwecare,inapositiveway.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.SweetestDayisadaytomakeothershappy.B.SweetestDayisjustanoccasiontocareaboutdisabledpeople.C.SweetestDayisanoccasionforloverstoexpresslove.D.SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSundayinOctober.2.WhichofthefollowinghaslittlerelationshipwithSweetestDay?A.Visitingsickpeopleofthehospital. B.Visitingchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.C.Givingfriendssmallgifts. D.Givingflowerstosweethearts.3.WhatisCleveland?A.Anisland. B.Acountry.C.AvillageinEngland. D.AcityinAmerica.語篇解讀:本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了美國甜蜜日的由來及意義。在這一天,一份小小的禮物就能幫助我們傳達(dá)對(duì)病人、老年人和失去父母的孩子的關(guān)愛以及對(duì)朋友、親人等無私關(guān)愛的感激。答案及剖析:1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段第一句SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.可知A項(xiàng)正確。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句和第二段倒數(shù)第二句可知,此節(jié)日沒提到送情人鮮花,故選D項(xiàng)。3.D推理判斷題。文章第二段提到了aClevelandman與otherClevelanders,在第二段最后又提到SoontheideaspreadtoothercitiesallovertheUSA.,由此可推知Cleveland是美國的一個(gè)城市。B(2019山東濟(jì)南歷城二中高三模擬)IjustgotbackfromatriptotheArcticNorthofNorway,andIamleftfeelingalarmed.IknewbeforeIwentthattheArcticwasthecentreofglobalwarming,butseeingthechangesfirsthandishaunting.ThereisonesceneIwillneverforget.Itcamejustafewdaysintothetrip.Iwasonboardwith100politicians,scientists,businessmen,religiousandlaborleaderstoseetheimpactsofglobalwarmingwithourowneyes.Oneafternoon,wehadtheunforgettableexperienceofwatchingpolarbearsplayontheice.WetendtothinkoftheArcticasanexpanseofwhite,butitisn’t.Theseaisdark.Thepackiceesindeepblues.Polarbearsareyellowish.Andallofthesecolorspopagainstagreysky.Ononeicesheet,wesawtwopolarbears.Theirfurscoveredwithredfromajustpleteddinner.Onewasmovinginandoutofthewater;theotherwasbusyeatingtheseal.Offtotheside,asmallerbearpeakedovertheicewithitsblacksnout(鼻子),waitingforthebigonestogetoffthekillsoitcouldgoovertotheremains.Allthreebearsseemedpowerfulandvibrant.Butlater,wesailedpastanislandwhereapolarbearsatontheshore,stranded(擱淺)becausetheseaicehadmovedsofarfromshore.Thisbearwillnoteatuntilnextwinter—itsimplycannothuntwithouttheice.Ihavereadenoughclimatereportstoknowthatwithsummerseaicedisappearingatalarmingrates,thebearIsawstrandedthatdayisoneofmany.NowIhaveapermanent(永久的)memoryofwhatahungry,strandedbearlookslike.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“haunting”mostprobablymean?A.Interesting. B.Exciting. C.Fascinating. D.Unforgettable.5.Fromthesecondparagraphwecaninferthatthepeopleonthejourney.

A.wereexpertsinglobalwarming B.camefromallwalksoflifeC.hadbeentotheArcticbefore D.weremostlyadventurers6.Whatdidthetwobearstheysawlooklike?A.Theirfurswereredincolour. B.Therewasbloodontheirfurs.C.Theywereveryhungry. D.Theyseemedblackallover.7.Whatdidthesmallerbearwaittodo?A.Toplaywiththebiggerones. B.Tomoveintothewater.C.Togetthesealontotheice. D.Toeatwhatwasleftoftheseal.語篇解讀:本文是記敘文。作者一行在挪威境內(nèi)的北極,見證了全球變暖對(duì)北極的影響,作者所見到的情景令人難忘。答案及剖析:4.D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句“ThereisonesceneIwillneverforget.”可知,該詞的意思是“難忘的”,所以選D項(xiàng)。5.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Iwasonboardwith100politicians,scientists,businessmen,religiousandlaborleaderstoseetheimpactsofglobalwarmingwithourowneyes.”可知,船上的人有政治家、科學(xué)家、商人、宗教領(lǐng)袖和工會(huì)領(lǐng)袖等。由此可知B項(xiàng)為正確答案。6.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Theirfurscoveredwithredfromajustpleteddinner.”可知,這兩只北極熊剛飽餐一頓,所以身上應(yīng)該染的是海豹的血,所以選B項(xiàng)。7.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二句中“...waitingforthebigonestoget