新視野大學英語第三版第一冊讀寫教程課件Unit4-Para.III

First

responders

are

heroes

no

matterthey

succeed

in

their

effort

to

save

people

or

get

injured

or

killed

in

their

efforts.Main

idea

&

structure

Main

ideas

of

the

partsPara.III—(Paras.5-12)Language

focus11.But

what

about

first

responders

,

whose

job

is,

in

the

words

of

the

widow

of

a

fallen

police

officer,

to

"rush

toward

danger"?(Para.

5)responddo

sth.

as

a

reaction

to

sth.

that

has

been

said

or

done

作出反應；回應The

fire

department

responded

to

the

call

within

minutes.responder

[C]

a

person

who

does

sth.

as

a

reaction

to

st

h.

that

has

been

said

or

done

回應者；應答者in

the

words

of

sb

/

in

sb's

wordsas

sb.

says

or

writes

用某人的話來說Michael

and

his

sister

went

to

the

concert,

and

in

thewords

of

his

sister,

it

was

a

night

to

remember.Language

focus12.In

Toronto,

Canada,

downtown

life

stopped

when

more

than

11,000

police

and

other

emergency

responders

marchedsolemnly

through

the

streets

to

honor

Sergeant

Ryan

Russell,

a

35-year-old

"good

man

and

good

cop",

who

believed

deeply

in hiscommitment

to

protect

and

serve.(Para.6)meaningSergeant

Ryan

Russell,

35

years

old,

is

a

good

man

and

a

good

policeman.

He

believed

deeply

that

it

was

his

duty

to

protect

and

serve

people.

In

the

center

of

Toronto,

Canada,

all

otheractivities

stopped

when

morethan

11,000

police

and

otheremergency

responders

marched

seriously

through

the

streets

to

honor

him.Language

focus12.In

Toronto,

Canada,

downtown

life

stopped

when

more

than

11,000

police

and

other

emergency

responders

marchedsolemnly

through

the

streets

to

honor

Sergeant

Ryan

Russell,

a

35-year-old

"good

man

and

good

cop",

who

believed

deeply

inhis

commitment

to

protect

and

serve.(Para.6)solemnly嚴肅地；鄭重地；莊嚴地"I

will

love

my

country

forever,"

Alex

declared

solemnly.commitmentn.1

[U]

the

hard

work

and

loyalty

that

sb.

gives

to

an

organization,

activity,

etc.投入；忠誠；奉獻My

commitment

to

study

has

made

me

the

most

successful

person

in

my

small

town.2[C]

a

promise

to

do

sth.

or

to

behave

in

a

particular

way

承諾

We

made

a

commitment

to

keep

working

together.d.Ind

wton,

l

oap,ped

whenmore

than

11,000

police

andother

emergency

respondersmarched

solemnly

throught

eo

lsi

re

t

nt,oShe

nt

Ryanman

and

good

cop",

whobce

mie

ei

e

ohtiesct

andserve.(Para.6,L1)prinLanguage

appreciationRussell,

a

35-year-old

"goodLanguage

focusLanguage

focus13.Sgt.

Russell

moved

quickly

to

protect

others

from

harm.(Para.6)ptotect

sb/sth

from

sth保護；防護She

wanted

to

protect

her

child

from

the

effects

of

outsideworld.Language

focus14.He

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

driver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

onlyhis

police

automobile

and

his

goodwill

to

help

others.(Para.6)meaningHe

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

diver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

only

his

police

car

because

he

was

kind

and

willing

to

help

others.drunk

drivera

person

who

drives

a

vehicle

after

drinking

too

much

alcohol

酒后駕車者drunk作表語形容詞：

he

was

drunk.drunken作定語形容詞：

drunken

people14.He

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

driver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

only

his

police

automobile

and

his

goodwill

to

help

others.(Para.6)meaningHe

tried

to

stop

a

drunk

diver

in

a

stolen

snowplow

with

only

his

police

car

because

he

was

kind

and

willing

to

help

others.snowplowa

vehicle

or

a

machine

for

cleaning

snow

from

the

roads

and

railways

雪犁，掃雪機goodwillkind

feelings

toward

or

between

people

and

a

willingness

to

behelpful好意，親善，友善A

knowledge

of

other

cultures

will

promote

goodwill

amongpeople

of

different

backgrounds.Language

focus15.

It

used

to

be

that

the

word

hero

was

reserved

for

those

who

performed

acts

of

distinct

courage

beyond

the

call

of

duty.(Para.7)Meaning:

In

the

past,

the

word

hero

was

used

to

particularly

to

refer

to

those

who

acted

with

remarkable

courage

and

who

did

something

they

did

not

have

duty

to

do.distinct1(usu.

before

noun)

definite

and

obvious

確實的；顯著的

After

the

principal

talked

with

her,

there

was

a

distinctchange

in

her

attitude.2

separate

and

different

in

a

way

that

is

clear

有區(qū)別的；不

同的；單獨的3

able

to

be

clearly

seen,

heard,

smelt,

or

tasted

清晰的；清

楚的；明顯的

The

outline

of

the

ship

became

more

distinct.Language

focus在過去，

“英雄”

一詞僅限于稱呼那些做出超乎職責范圍

的

特

別英

勇的行為的人們。逆譯練習It

used

to

be

that

the

word

hero

was句型提煉reserved

for

those

who

performed

actsofdistinct

courage

beyond

the

call

offocus原句譯文LanguagePana7Functionalpatternsduty.用于表達

“過去的某一習慣或情況現(xiàn)在

已不存在”

,表示與目前習慣或情況有

所不同。句型應用Language

focus句型提煉It

used

to應用提示Functional

patternsbe

that

...典型例句在過去，只有享受至高無上權利的皇家才能使用龍的形象。意群提示It

used

to

be

that

the

image

of

dragon

couldonly

be

used

by

royal

families

that

enjoyedthe

supreme

power.(supreme

power/image)Functionalpatternsreserve

sth.

for

sb./sth.:

保留；預留短語應用這個問題必須留待進一步討論。意群提示(reserve

for

/further

discussion)This

question

must

be

reserved

for

furtherdiscussion.phrasesPractical16.A

soldier

who

runs

through

gunfire

to

rescue

other

military

personnel

is

seen

as

a

hero.(Para.

7)militaryus

ed

by,

involving,

or

relating

to

the

army,

navy,

or

air

f

orce

軍用的；軍事的；軍隊的A

country's

power

can

be

measured

by

its

military

andeconomic

resources.Language

focusLanguage

focuspersonnel

(Para.7)n.[pl.]

the

people

who

work

in

a

company,organization,

or

military

force

(公司、組織或軍

隊中的)人員；員工；職員The

personnel

responsible

for

processing

all

these

letters

shall

stay

until

the

job

is

over.Translation:負責處理這些信件的人員要留下來，直到工作結

束。personnel

(Para.7)1.只有單數(shù)形式，但表達的是復數(shù)概念。2.作主語時，其謂語動詞一般要用復數(shù)。Are

there

sufficient

personnel

on

board

and

ashore

to

deal

with

an

emergency?Translation:船上和岸上是否有足夠的人員來處理緊急情況?形近詞personality:

n.[C,U]個性；名人personal:

a.個人的；親自的；針對個人的Fill

in

the

blanks

with

the

right

form

of

the

wordspersonnel,personalityand

personal.

And

then

translate

the

sentences

into

Chinese.1.

A

number

of

localpersonalities

were

present

at

the

meeting.

當?shù)氐囊恍┟顺鱿藭h。2.

This

is

a

personal

matter;

I

see

no

need

to

discuss

it

with

a

bunch

of

reporters.這是個私人問題，我覺得沒有必要和一幫記者談論這個問題。3.

All

personnel

are

to

receive

security

badges.

所有人員都將拿到保安徽章。4.

We

all

have

a

high

opinion

of

his

personality

and

abilities.

我們都對他的個性和能力評價很高。Language

focus17.So

are

larger-than-life

leaders

such

as

Nelson

Mandela,

who

emerged

after

27

years

of

jail,

confined

in

a

solitary

chamber.

He

made

the

choice

not

to

be

bitter,

and

worked

hard

as

South

Africa's

first

black

president

to

establish

harmony

and

helped

society

reconcile

its

conflicted

past.

(Para.7)Meaning:

Those

extraordinary

leaders

such

as

NelsonMandela,

are

also

regarded

as

heroes

.

Mandela

had

beenkept

alone

in

a

roon

in

prison

for

27

years.

After

he

was

set

free,

he

didn't

complain

about

the

past.

Instead,

he,

asSouth

Africa's

first

black

president,

worked

hard

to

build

acountry

in

which

people

could

live

and

work

togetherpeacfully

.

There

had

been

disagreement

among

differentgroups

of

people

in

South

Africa,

but

he

helped

to

bring

them

to

acccept

each

other.Language

focus17.So

are

larger-than-life

leaders

such

as

Nelson

Mandela,chamber

.

(Para.7)confine

vt.1

keep

sb.

in

a

place

that

they

cannot

leave,

such

as

a

prison

監(jiān)

禁；禁閉Thecriminal

wascaught

and

confined

to

prison

for

two

years.2

if

sth.

is

confined

to

one

area

or

group

of

people,

it

happens

only

in

that

area

or

affect

only

that

group

of

people

使局限于

The

risk

of

infection

is

confined

to

relatively

small

groups.solitary

a.1

doing

sth.

without

anyone

else

with

you

單獨的；無伴的2(only

before

noun)

used

to

emphasize

that

there

is

only

one

of

sth.單個的；唯一的who

emerged

after

27

years

of

jail,

confined

in

a

solitaryLanguage

focusLanguage

focus17.He

made

the

choice

not

to

be

bitter,

and

workedhard

as

South

Africa's

first

black

president

to

establis

h

harmony

and

helped

society

reconcile

its

conflicted

pa

st.(Para.7)establish

vt.

1

begin

a

relationship

with

sb.or

a

situati

on

that

will

continue

建立(關系或聯(lián)系)The

program

aims

to

establish

links

between

higher

education

and

small

businesses.2

make

sth.

start

to

exist

or

start

to

happen

建立；創(chuàng)立；設立harmony

n.stay

in

harmony

with

.....與.....和諧相處reconcile

vt.find

a

way

to

make

ideas,

beliefs,

needs,

etc.

that

are

opposed

to

each

other

capable

of

existing

together

調和；調解v.if

you

reconcile

two

people

or

groups,

they

become

friendly

again

after

a

disagreement

(使)和解；

(使)恢復友好關系Language

focus17.He

made

the

choice

not

to

be

bitter,

and

workedhard

as

South

Africa's

first

black

president

to

establish

harmony

and

helped

society

reconcile

its

conflicted

p

ast.(Para.7)conflictvi.if

two

ideas,

beliefs,

opinions,etc.

conflict,

they

cannot

exist

together

or

both

be

true

矛盾；沖突；抵觸You

may

take

an

online

class

if

the

on-campus

course

conflicts

with

your

work

schedule.n.

[C,

U]

a

state

of

disagreement

or

argument

betweenpeople,

groups,

countries,etc.

(意見等的)抵觸，沖突，矛盾There

is

always

a

conflict

between

what

they

do

and

what

y

ou

want

them

to

do.

他們做的和你想要他們做的總是不一致。一位戰(zhàn)士冒著槍林彈雨去搶救其他戰(zhàn)友，他被看作英雄。

同樣，

超凡卓越的具有傳奇色彩的領袖

人物也是英雄，比如納爾遜

·

曼德拉。被囚禁于

單人牢房27年后，曼德拉終于擺脫了牢獄生活。逆譯練習

a

hero.So

are

larger-than-life

leaderssuch

as

Nelson

Mandela,

who

emerged

after

27

years

of

jail,

confined

in

a

solitary

chamber.rescue

other

military

personnel

is

seen

asA

soldier

who

runs

through

gunfire

toLanguage

focus原句譯文句型提煉Functionalpatterns用于表達“兩個人或事物之間的相似之

處”。句型應用Sb./

Sth.

is

....

So

is

sb./sth.else./

S

oare

some

other

people/some

otherthings.應用提示Language

focus

Functional

patterns句型提煉典型例句在你的人生中，通過不懈努力取得的成功是寶貴的財富。同樣，幫助你逐步走向成熟的人生

挫折也是財富。意群提示(painstaking

efforts/valuable

asset/setback)Success

that

you

achieve

throughpainstaking

efforts

is

seen

as

valuableasset

in

your

life.

So

are

the

setbacks

that

help

you

to

become

mature

gradually.Language

focusFunctionalpatternsLanguage

appreciationLanguage

focusLanguage

focus18.But

today,

our

heroes

are

average

men

and

women,"everyday

heroes"

to

whom

we

can

relate

,

people

like

us.(Para.8)理解；認同

relate

to

sth./sb.短語應用我知道他的求職申請被拒后他很沮喪。我能理解他的感受。意群提示(job

application/reject/be

frustrated/

relate

to)

I

know

he

was

very

frustrated

when

his

job

application

was

rejected.

I

can

relate

tothat.19.However,

while

many

people

honor

Sgt.

Russell,

some

people

raise

this

question

when

they

try

to

make

sense

of

a

tragedy

like

Sgt.

Russell'(Para.

9)理解，弄懂某事

make

sense

of

sth.短語應用我無法搞懂他為什么在最后一刻放棄比賽。意群提示I

can't

make

any

sense

of

his

giving

up

the

competition

at

the

last

minute.Language

focus(make

sense

of/

competition)Language

focus20.I

asked

road

safety

advocate

Eleanor

McMahon

whether

she

thought

Sgt.

Russell

was

a

hero.(Para.10)meaning:I

asked

E.M,who

publicly

supported

actions

to

improve

roadadvocate

n.[C]

sb.who

publicly

supports

sb.or

sth.提倡者；

擁護者；鼓吹者He

was

regarded

as

a

strong

advocate

for

a

variety

of

educational

improvements.vt.

publicly

say

that

sth.

should

be

done

主張；

擁護；鼓吹The

economic

policies

the

government

advocated

quickened

the

decline

of

the

tourist

industry.政府主張的經濟政策加速了

旅游業(yè)的衰退。traffic

safety,

whether

she

thought

Sgt.

Russel

was

a

hero.Language

focus21.Ms.

McMahon'slate

husband,

a

police

officer,

was

killed

by

a

drunk

truck

driver

in

a

2006

off-duty

accident.(Para.10)meaning:Ms.McMahon's

husband

died

in

a

bicycling

accident

in

2006while

he

was

on

duty

as

a

police

officer;

he

was

killed

by

adrunk

truck

driver.late:(only

before

noun),

used

for

talking

about

sb

who

has

died,

esp.recently已故的；

(尤其指)新近去世的His

late

wifeOff

duty:不在的，下了班的Language

focus22.Through

grief

and

rage,

Ms.

McMahon

founded

Share

the

Road,

a

cycling

association,

and

worked

tirelessly

until

thegovernment

established

"Greg's

Law",

legislation

that

gave

authority

to

police

to

immediately

seize

the

automobiles

o

f

drunk

drivers

caught

on

the

road..(Para.10)gr

ief

n.[U]extreme

sadness,

esp.

because

sb.

you

love

has

died

(尤指因所愛之人去世而產生的)悲痛，極度悲傷rage

[C,

U]

a

strong

feeling

of

uncontrollable

anger盛怒；狂怒v.

feel

very

angry

about

sth.

and

show

this

in

the

w

ay

you

behave

or

speak

發(fā)怒；怒斥vi.

continue

with

great

violence

or

strong

emotions

(戰(zhàn)斗、爭

論)激烈進行；

(暴風雨)肆虐Language

focus22.Through

grief

and

rage,

Ms.

McMahon

founded

Share

the

Road,

a

cycling

association,

and

worked

tirelessly

until

the

government

established

"Greg's

Law",

legislation

that

gave

authority

to

police

to

immediately

seize

the

automobiles

of

drunk

drivers

caught

on

the

road.(Para.10)meaning:After

experiencing

extreme

sadness

and

anger

at

herhusband's

unexpected

death,

Ms.

McMahon

founded

Share

the

Road,

an

organization

for

cyclists,

and

worked

very

hard

until

the

government

established

"Greg's

Law".

According

to

this

law,

police

have

the

right

to

immediately

take

possession

ofa

car

if

the

driver

is

found

drunk

and

caught

on

the

road.短語應用合同授權研究人員使用實驗室里的任何東西。意群提示Language

focus

PracticalPna

10give

authority

toThe

contract

gives

authority

to

researchmembers

to

use

anything

in

the

laboratory.phrases授權(contract/give

authority

to/research

members)23.Ms.

McMahon

summed

up

why

she

considered

many

police

officers

to

be

heroes:"It

is

natural

to

be

afraid

of

danger.It's

naturalfor

that

fear

to

cause

most

people

to

rushtoward

safety

and

away

from

danger.

Heroes

do

just

the

opposite.

They

rush

toward

danger

to

help

those

in

need."(Para.11)sum

up:give

the

main

information

in

a

report

or

speech,etc.概括、總

結、概述I

can't

sum

up

his

whole

philosophy

in

one

sentence.in

need:not

having

enough

food,

money,

clothing,

or

other

things

that

are

necessary

for

life在困難時；在貧困中Language

focusPractical

phrasesPana

11sum

up

總結，概括，陳述in

need

在困難時；在貧困中短語應用一句話來概括的話就是患難見真情。意群提示To

sum

up,

a

friend

in

need

is

a

friendindeed.A

is

B,

a

friend

indeed24.We

count

on

first

responders

to

rush

toward

danger,

especially

when

it

involves

us

or

those

we

love.

We

expectnothing

less.(Para.12)meaning:we

depend

on

first

responders

to

to

rush

toward

danger

tohelp,

especially

when

we

ourselves

or

those

we

love

are

involved.

That

is

exactly

what

we

expect.count

on:depend

on

sb.or

sth.,esp.

in

a

difficult

situation

依靠；指望

Martin

is

a

capable

person

whom

you

can

always

count

on

in

acrisis.Language

focus短語應用他們決定不依靠外援來緩解饑荒。意群提示They

decided

not

to

count

on

foreign

aid

to

relieve

the

famine.(count

on/foreign

aid/

relieve/famine)count

on

依靠；指望phrasesPractical24.We

count

on

first

responders

to

rushtoward

danger,

especially

when

it

involves

us

or

those

we

love.

We

expect

nothing

less.(Para.12)involve:1

includeor

affectsb.or

sth.涉及；影響The

accident

last

night

involved

five

cars,

causing

the

death

of

six

people.2

include

sth.

as

a

necessary