Unit1語法-反意疑問句和句子的分類 牛津深圳版（廣州沈陽通用）九年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)

U1語法-反意疑問句和句子的分類語法精講【反意疑問句】（一）概念：反意疑問句是由兩部分組成的，前一部分是對(duì)事物的陳述（即陳述句）,后一部分是簡短的提問，中間用逗號(hào)隔開，如果前一部分用肯定句，后面一部分就用否定疑問句（即：前肯后否）；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑問句（即：前否后肯），兩部分的人稱和時(shí)態(tài)要一直。其回答與一般疑問句相同，即用Yes或No來表示。TomisfromGermany,isn’the?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Therearemanychildreninthezoo,aren’tthere?Yes,thereare.MarycanspeakChinese,can’tshe?Yes,shecan./No,shecan’t.Mikedoeshishomeworkatschool,doesn’tshe?No,hedoesn’t.（二）要點(diǎn)注意：1、反意疑問句前后兩部分謂語應(yīng)是：“肯定陳述＋否定疑問”或“否定陳述＋肯定疑問”。2、簡略問句如果是否定式：not應(yīng)與be，do，will等系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞縮寫。3、簡略問句的主語不用名詞，應(yīng)用人稱代詞。4、陳述部分含“too...to”時(shí)，是否定句。（三）幾種特殊的反義疑問句：1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上willyou或won’tyou構(gòu)成反意疑問句，用willyou多表示“請(qǐng)求”，用won’tyou多表示“提醒對(duì)方注意”。例如：Don'tdothatagain,willyou?Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?Let's開頭的祈使句，后用shallwe?而Letus開頭的祈使句，后用willyou（或won'tyou）?Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?Letus/mewaitforyouinthereading-room,willyou（或won'tyou）?2)陳述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,little,seldom,hardly等否定含義的詞，疑問部分用肯定結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Theoldmanmadenoanswer,didhe?Jimisneverlateforschool,ishe?3.否定前綴不能視為否定詞，其反意疑問句仍用否定形式。如果陳述部分含有由un-,im-,in-,dis-等否定意義的前綴或后綴時(shí)，陳述部分要視為肯定含義，問句部分仍然用否定形式。如：Yourfatherisunhappy,isn'the?（不能用ishe?）Itisimpossible,isn'tit?Heisunkindtohisclassmates,isn’the?4.陳述部分主語是指示代詞或不定代詞everything,that,nothing,this,疑問部分主語用it。Everythingisready,isn'tit?陳述部分主語是不定代詞everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等，疑問部分常用復(fù)數(shù)they，有時(shí)也用單數(shù)he.Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?(doesn’the?)Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?(doeshe?)5.陳述部分是"therebe"結(jié)構(gòu)的，疑問部分的主語用there。Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?6.think（believe,suppose）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：A.主語是第一人稱,看從句Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?cB.如果主語不是第一人稱，看主句則疑問部分與主句相對(duì)應(yīng)構(gòu)成反意疑問句Hethoughttheywerewrong,didn'the?（不能說weren'tthey?）7)陳述部分Iam時(shí)，疑問部分主語要用aren'tI.I'mastallasyoursister，aren'tI?（我和你姐姐一樣高，對(duì)嗎？8)一些特殊形式haveto+v.(hadto+v.)，疑問部分常用don't+主語（didn't+主語）。Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?usedto，疑問部分用didn't+主語或usedn't+主語。Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?/usedn'the?hadbetter（最好）+v.疑問句部分用hadn'tyou?You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?9.當(dāng)陳述部分含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)，我們要分析一下must的含義。如果must作“必須”講，反義疑問句需用“mustn’t”或“needn’t”;而must作為推測含義：“一定是”，反義疑問句則需要根據(jù)must后的動(dòng)詞原形選用相應(yīng)的形式。例如：Hemustworkhardatphysics,mustn’the?他必須努力學(xué)物理，難道不是嗎？Tommustbeathomenow,isn’the?Tom一定在家，難道不是嗎？二、句子的分類句子按用途分有四大種類：陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句疑問句又分為：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反意疑問句四類1.陳述句肯定句：Ilikegoinghiking.（陳述一件事）否定句Heisn’tastudent.Ican’tswim.Shedoesn’tlikethisdress.2.疑問句一般疑問句:以be動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞do/does/did開頭特殊疑問句：以what/how/why/when/where/which...等開頭選擇疑問句(...or)：提供選擇供對(duì)方選反意疑問句：“陳述部分+反問部分？”3.祈使句（用來表示請(qǐng)求、命令或建議等）其主語通常省略do型：動(dòng)原開頭→Takeaseat,please.肯定祈使句Let型：let開頭→Let’sgo！Don’t型:Don’t開頭→Don’tleavemealone.否定祈使句No型：No開頭→Nokidding!4.感嘆句1.感嘆句表示說話時(shí)的驚異，喜悅，贊賞，憤怒等感情。這種類型的句子多用于what和how開頭，其他部分用陳述語序，句尾用感嘆號(hào)。名詞單數(shù)：Whatabadmanheis!感嘆名詞用what不可數(shù)名詞：Whatgreatfunwehad!名詞復(fù)數(shù)：Whatnicecarstheyare!感嘆句形容詞：Howbeautifulthefloweris!感嘆形副動(dòng)用how副詞：Howbeautifullyshedances.課堂運(yùn)用根據(jù)句意及首字母或漢語提示完成單詞1.I’mquitein（同意）withyourdecision.2.Thepolicesenthimto（監(jiān)獄）.3.Heisweakingrammar,andoftenmakesm.4.Ican’tstheproblemalone.Canyouhelpme?5.Isthis（真的）gold?用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Sheworea（gold）necklace.2.Haveyoudoneit?Tellmethe（true）.3.Wehave（little）rainthisyearthanusual.4.Heseems（know）everything.5.Yesterdayshe（hit）himonthehead.三、單項(xiàng)填空()1.Heusedtotoschoollate,butnowhedoesn’t.A.goB.goingC.went D.goes()2.Pleasetheglassmilk.A.fill;withB.filling;withC.fills;toD.fill;with()3.AlltheChinesepeoplemustworkhardChinaDream.A.torealize B.realizeC.realizingD.realized()4.Theteacheraskedusfootballonthestreet.A.don’tplayB.notplay C.nottoplayD.tonotplay()5.Haveyoureadtoday’snewspaper?No,Ihaven’t.Isthere_____init?A.somethingimportant B.anythingspecialC.newanything D.importantsomething()6.Histeacherisn’thappy_____hisexplanation.A.to B.in C.from D.with()7.PudongInternationalAirportisoneof____airportsintheworld.A.big B.bigger C.biggest D.thebiggest()8.Lookatthesmog.________badweatheritis!A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata()9.Themathsproblemissohard.Ireallydon’tknowwhat_______.A.do B.todoC.doing D.did()10.Don’tjumptoaconclusion!Let’s____theproblemfirst.A.todiscussB.discussedC.discussing D.discuss四、完型填空Oneday,afarmerwaswalkingalongaroadwithhissonThomas.Thefathersaid,“Look!There’sahorseshoe1theground.Pickitupandputitinyourbag."Thomassaid，"Itwastesmytime.“Hisfathersaid2buthepickedituphimself.Whentheygottoanearbytown,theyhadarest.Therethefarmer3thehorseshoeandwiththemoneyheboughtsomestrawberries.Thefatherandthesonwentonwalking.Thesunwaswellupinthe4.Theysoondrankuptheirwater,andtherewasn'tahouseorevenatreeforthemto5.Thomasfelttoo6towalkon.Atthistime,hisfathergaveThomasastrawberry7hequicklyateit.Afterawhile,hisfathergavehim8strawberryandonceagain,hissonlostnotimeinputtingitinhismouth.Andsothey9.Theoldfarmergavethestrawberriesandthesonatethem.WhenThomashadeatenupallthestrawberries,hisfathersaidtohim,"Mydearson,ifyoupickedupthathorseshoe,youwouldhaveyourownstrawberries10.Alwaysrememberthelesson:Ifyoudon’tworryaboutthelittlethings,you’llfindit