計算機專業(yè)英語重點單詞及部分課后復習資料

Unit1單詞：Hardware硬件Monitor監(jiān)視器Motherboard主板remember記得，想起，記住sequence連續(xù)，繼續(xù)，次序animation動畫片，卡通memory記憶，回憶，存儲器type類型，樣式mouse鼠標pointer指針，指示器keyboard鍵盤Typewriter打字機disk磁盤，圓盤，唱片floppy軟的、軟盤conjunction接合，連接，連接詞perform履行，表演，行動instruction指令，命令，指示，task任務，工作，作業(yè)用法說明keypad鍵區(qū)，數(shù)字按鍵鍵盤store存儲，儲藏diskette磁盤screen屏，屏幕view視域，觀察，觀看information消息，信息，通知input輸入equip裝備，配備output輸出socket插孔，孔，套接字temporarily暫時地，臨時地removefrom…c從。。。刪除inadditionto除，，，之外I/Oport輸入輸出接口removabledisk可移動硬盤Circuitboard電路板externaldevice外部設(shè)備Inreality事實上serialport串行接口1/18Extrakey擴充鍵Beuesdin用于becapableof能夠，具有。。。的能力Diskdrive磁盤驅(qū)動器USB（universalserialbus）通用centralprocessunit）中央串行總線SCSI（smallcomputersystemCPU（處理器RAM（randomaccessmemory）隨機interface）存儲器小型計算機系統(tǒng)接口ROM（readonlymemory）只讀存儲器〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞詞組或縮略語）英文、解釋詞匯1)Aprocessorwhoseelementshavebeen1)CPU中央處理miniaturizedintooneorafewintegrated器circuits.ItisusuallyusedinPC.2)Themainboardofacomputer,usually2)motherboardcontainingthecircuitryforthecentral主板processingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.3)Aunitofacomputerthatpreserves3)memory存儲2/18dataforretrieval.器4)Ahand-held,button-activatedinput4)mouse鼠標devicethatwhenrolledalongaflatsurfacedirectsanindicatortomovecorrespondinglyaboutacomputerscreen,allowingtheoperatortomovetheindicatorfreely,astoselectoperationsormanipulatetextorgraphics.5)Asetofkeys,asonacomputer5)keyboard鍵terminal,wordprocessor,typewriter.盤6)Aconnectionpointforaperipheral6)port接口device.7)Amachinecodetellingacomputerto7)instructionperformaparticularoperation.指令命令8)Theinformationorimagedisplayedat8)screen屏幕agiventimeonamonitor,display,orvideoterminal:9)Aninputdevice,sometimespartofa9)keypad鍵區(qū)standardtypewriterkeyboard,consistingofaseparategridofnumericalandfunctionkeysarrangedforefficientdataentry.3/1810)Informationputintoacommunications10)input輸入systemfortransmissionorintoacomputersystemforprocessing.〖Ex.5〗把下列短文翻譯成中文系統(tǒng)面板和普通鍵盤有專門控制鍵，你可以使用這些控制鍵實現(xiàn)主要的多媒體功能：觀相片、聽音樂和看電影。面板還有為看電視和閱讀電視指南而設(shè)的快速啟動按鈕。Ex.9〗用that從句做賓語將下面漢語譯成英語你應該知道，你不僅僅能讀取磁盤上的數(shù)據(jù)，也能夠往上面寫新的信息1.Youshouldknowthatyoucannotonlyreaddatafromthediskbutalsowritenewinformationtoit.你應該意識到，軟盤容納不了多少數(shù)據(jù)2.Youshouldrealizethatfloppiesdonotholdtoomuchdata.我們計算機老實說，USB要比火線慢多了3.OurcomputerteachersaidthatUSBismuchslowerthanFirewire.我認為CPU主要責任是執(zhí)行指令4.Ithink/believethattheCPUisprimarilyresponsibleforexecutinginstructions.Unit2單詞Access存取Microprocessor微處理器Modem調(diào)制解調(diào)器Accessory附加設(shè)備Analog模擬物相似物Modulate調(diào)制調(diào)整4/18Attached附上。。。的Component部件Promote提供Reproduce再生，，復制Resolution分辨率Retrieve檢索Configuration配置Convert使轉(zhuǎn)變Demodulate使調(diào)解，使檢波Sequential繼續(xù)的，后果的Document文檔，資料Drive驅(qū)動器Analogsignal模擬型號Expansioncard擴展卡Expansionslot擴展槽Harddisk硬盤Eletronic電子的Flatbed平板Graphic繪畫似的，圖解的Harddrive硬盤驅(qū)動器Handheld手持的Laserprinter激光打印機Plugandplay即插即用Videocard視頻卡Hopper-feed單進的Interconnect互相連接BIOS（basicinput/outputsystem）CMOS(complementarymetaloxidesemiconductor)互補金屬氧化物半導體基本輸入輸出系統(tǒng)〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞、詞組或縮略語）英文解釋詞匯1)Adevicethatreadsdatafromand1)drive驅(qū)動器writesdataontoastoragemedium,such5/18asafloppydisk.2)Thepartofasystemthatproduces2)printer打印printedmatter.機3)Numericalorotherinformation3)data數(shù)據(jù)representedinaformsuitableforprocessingbycomputer.4)Tovarythefrequency,amplitude（振4)modulate調(diào)幅）,phase,orothercharacteristicof制調(diào)整(electromagneticwaves).5)Anintegratedcircuitthatcontains5)theentirecentralprocessingunitofamicroprocessorcomputeronasinglechip.微處理器6)standard標準6)acriterion（標準）.7)Thepointofinteractionor7)interface接communicationbetweenacomputerandany口界面otherentity,suchasaprinterorhumanoperator.8)Anactivityprovidingentertainmentor8)game游戲amusement;apastime:9)Circularregionsadiskisdividedinto9)track磁道10)Thecombinationofequipmentneeded10)6/18torunacomputersystemconfiguration配置Unit3〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞詞組或縮略語）英文、解釋詞匯AtinysliceorchipofmaterialonwhichIC集成電路isetchedorimprintedacomplexofelectroniccomponentsandtheirinterconnections.AfaststoragebufferinthecentralCache高速緩存processingunitofacomputer.AsmallmemorythatallowsfastaccesstoROM只讀存儲器permanentlystoreddatabutpreventsadditiontoormodificationofthedata.AmachinecodetellingacomputertoInstruction命performaparticularoperation.令指令AminutesliceofasemiconductingChip芯片material,suchassiliconorgermanium（鍺）,doped（摻雜質(zhì)）andotherwiseprocessedtohavespecifiedelectrical7/18characteristics,especiallybeforeitisdevelopedintoanelectroniccomponentorintegratedcircuit.Themainboardofacomputer,usuallyMotherboard主containingthecircuitryforthecentral板processingunit,keyboard,andmonitorandoftenhavingslotsforacceptingadditionalcircuitry.OforrelatingtothegenerationorPower能量transmissionofelectricity.AsinglecompleteexecutionofaCycle周期periodicallyrepeatedphenomenon:Tochangeinformorcharacter;alter.Modify修正AsourceofregularlyoccurringpulsesClock時鐘usedtomeasurethepassageoftime,asinacomputer.Unit4單詞Protocol協(xié)議Fundamental基礎(chǔ)的，基本的，基本Optimize使最優(yōu)化Reference提及，涉及，參考原則Node結(jié)點8/18Construct建造，構(gòu)造，創(chuàng)立Circular圓形的，循環(huán)的Queue隊列Stack堆棧Pseudo假的，冒充的Regular規(guī)則的，有秩序的，經(jīng)常的Expression表達式Datastructure數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)Linkedlist鏈表Pseudocode偽代碼Problemsolving問題求解，解決問題Machinecode機器代碼FILI（firstin，lastout）先進后出〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞詞組或縮略語）英文、解釋詞匯AstandardprocedureforregulatingdataProtocol協(xié)議transmisssionbetweencomputer.TomakeasperfectoreffectiveasOptimize使最possible優(yōu)化AsectionofmemoryanditsassociatedStack堆棧registersusedfortemporarystorageofinformationinwhichtheitemmostrecentlystoredisthefirsttoberetrieved9/18PositionorstatuswithregardtoSituation情conditionsandcircumstances形，狀況，事態(tài)ToformbyassemblingorcombiningConstruct構(gòu)造parts,buildOforrelatingtothefoundationorFundamental基base,elementary本的AjunctionofsometypeNode結(jié)點ToliveinaplaecpermanetlyorforanReside居住extendedperiod,existOfnoconsequence,efffect,orNull無效的，空value,insignificant的AnoperationoraquantitystatedinExpression表symbolicform,suchasx,yorx+y達式Unit5單詞Assembler匯編程序Predate比。。。要早Category種類，類目，類別Release發(fā)行Classify分類，分等Compile匯編，編輯Compiler編輯器Replace取代Standardization標準化Browser瀏覽器Essentially本質(zhì)上，基本上Complex復雜的，合成的，綜合的10/18Incompatible不兼容的Concept概念，觀念，思想Object-oriented面向?qū)ο蟮腎mplement實現(xiàn)，履行Optimize使最優(yōu)化Impressive給人深刻印象的Portability可移植性Restricted受限制的悠閑地Portable可移植的，便攜的Assemblylanguage匯編語言Machinelanguage機器語言Webapplication網(wǎng)絡(luò)應用程序Webpage網(wǎng)頁Object-orientedlanguage面向?qū)ο笳Z言〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞詞組或縮略語英文、）解釋詞匯Asystemofsymbolsandrulesusedforcomputercommunicationwithorbetweencomputers.language計算機語言Ahigh-levelcomputerprogrammingPascallanguagelanguagedesignedtosupportstructuredprogrammingandusedinteaching,applications,andsystemsprogramming.TomakeasperfectoreffectiveasOptimize使最possible.優(yōu)化11/18AspecificallydefineddivisioninaCategory種類systemofclassification;aclass.類別Tochange(something)intoanotherform,Convert轉(zhuǎn)變substance,state,orproduct;transform:變換AprogramoperatingonsymbolicinputAssembler匯編datatoproducetheequivalentexecutable程序machinecode.Toexamineorconsider(asubject)inDiscuss討論speechorwriting.AdefectinthecodeorroutineofaBug錯誤program.Totranslate(aprogram)intomachinecompilelanguage.Tobeorprovideasubstitutefor.〖Ex.5〗把下列短文翻譯成中文Replace取代佳能打印機有五種樣式，價格從$80到$500不等，滿足了任何想打印相片用戶的需求。對于個別不常用的用戶，可以選用佳能i455和i475D桌面相片打印機。對于性能要求更高，每種顏色要使用分開的墨盒的用戶可以選擇中檔的i560和i860。對于專業(yè)照相師，可以使用i9100相片打印機，它能夠打印13X19英寸的大相片。Unit612/18單詞Collection收集收取收集物Remotely遠程地，遙遠地Initialize舒適化Terminal終端Provide供應，供給，準備，規(guī)定Interfere干涉，干預，妨礙Complexity復雜性Request請求，要求Responsible可靠的，可依賴的，負Priority優(yōu)先權(quán)責的Interactwith及。。。交互，及。。OS）操作系統(tǒng)相合Multi-useroperatingsystem多用Operatingsystem（Petrolpump加油泵Wordprocess字處理程序戶操作系統(tǒng)Multi-taskingoperatingsystemMSDOS（microsoftdiskoperatingsystem）多任務操作系統(tǒng)CLI（commandlineinterpreter）微軟磁盤操作系統(tǒng)命令行解釋程序〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞詞組或縮略語）英文、解釋詞匯Provide供給供應Tomakeavailable,supply,affordAdevice,oftenequippedwithakeyboardTerminal終端andavideodisplay,throughwhichdataor13/18informationcanenterorleaveacomputersystemHavingfairknowledge,acquaintedFamiliar熟識的常見的Precedence,especiallyestablishedbyPriority優(yōu)先orderofimportanceorurgency權(quán)Alarge,powerfulcomputer,oftenservingMainframe主機severalconnectedterminals大型機TosettoastartingpositionorvalueInitialize初始化Onethatdetects,especiallyaDetector檢測mechanical,electrical,ordevicechemical器，探測器AprogramthattranslatesaninstructionInterpreter解intoamachinelanguageandexecutesit釋程序beforeproceedingtothenextinstructionNotinuseoroperationGarbage無用數(shù)據(jù)廢物Toexpressadesirefor,askforRequest要求請求〖Ex.4〗把下列句子翻譯為中文：14/181）Windows3.1只能在x86系列處理器計算機上運行。2）WindowsCE是MS-Windows是輕便種類。3）WindowsCE可以在幾種不同的處理器上運行，包括x86系列以及幾種安裝在PDA（個人數(shù)字助理）上的、嵌入式系統(tǒng)的和手持設(shè)備上的處理器。4）UNIX功能強大，它完全是多任務的，能夠完成所有操作系統(tǒng)所能做的事情。5）Linux可以免費下載，也可以花費少量服務費用購買Linux光盤。6）Linux也可能們甚至成功地使Linux在PDA（個人數(shù)字助理）上運行。8）Linux速度快、性能比任何操作系統(tǒng)都適合更多的硬件組合。7）人穩(wěn)定且價格便宜，因此它受到因特網(wǎng)服務提供商、軟件開發(fā)商和類似家庭計算機嗜好者的歡迎。9）到年底，最大容量臺式PC機硬盤的轉(zhuǎn)速將達到每分鐘5400轉(zhuǎn)。10）我推薦個人使用CD-R作為自己主要的備份工具。〖Ex.5〗把近幾年硬件驅(qū)動器給予以往的摩爾定律以沉重打擊。每18個月微處產(chǎn)量相對晶體管翻一翻（處理能力差不多翻了一翻），而驅(qū)動器以下列短文翻譯成中文理器的及其它種類的存儲設(shè)備每10個到每12個月就能夠翻一翻。Unit7〖Ex.3〗根據(jù)下面的英文解釋，寫出相應的英文詞匯（使用學過的單詞、詞組或縮略語）英文解釋詞匯15/18AsystemofcomputersinterconnectedbyNetwork網(wǎng)絡(luò)telephonewiresorothermeansinordertoshareinformation.AsystemthatlinkstogetherelectronicLAN局域網(wǎng)officeequipment,suchascomputersandwordprocessors,andformsanetworkwithinanofficeorabuilding.ThenumericaldifferencebetweentheBandwidthupperandlowerfrequenciesofabandof帶寬electromagneticradiation,especiallyanassignedrangeofradiofrequencies.AspecifiedfrequencybandfortheChannel通transmissionandreceptionof道，信道electromagneticsignals,asfortelevisionsignals.AnimpulseorafluctuatingelectricSignal信號quantity,suchasvoltage,current,orelectricfieldstrength,whosevariationsrepresentcodedinformation.Thesendingofasignal,picture,orotherinformationfromatransmitter.Transmission傳送16/18AstandardprocedureforregulatingdataProtocol協(xié)transmissionbetweencomputers.Aterminalinacomputernetwork.議Node結(jié)點AdeviceusedtobreakoropenanelectricSwitch交circuitortodivertcurrentfromone換機conductortoanother.AboundorsheathedgroupofmutuallyCable電纜insulatedco