外研社高一英語必修一-Module4：Grammar課件

Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(Presentperfecttense)Grammar現(xiàn)在完成時(Presentperfect1現(xiàn)在完成時(Presentperfecttense)(一)現(xiàn)在完成時的基本用法：1.表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。Ihavefinishedmywork.Wehavesetupmanynewfactories.現(xiàn)在完成時(Presentperfecttense)22.動作發(fā)生在過去,強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果、影響等。Haveyoueverseenthefilm“HarryPotter”?I’vespent3yearsinthecountryside.2.動作發(fā)生在過去,強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果、影響等。3

3.表示動作發(fā)生在過去,并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至還可能繼續(xù)下去,句中使用持續(xù)性動詞,且常有表示一段時間的時間狀語。Wehaven’tseeneachotherfortenyears.I’vebeenanEnglishteacherforabout20years.3.表示動作發(fā)生在過去,并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至還44.現(xiàn)在完成時可以用在條件或時間狀語從句中,表示將來某個時刻之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。e.g.I’llgohomeassoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework.Pleaselendmethatbookifyouhavefinishedreadingit.4.現(xiàn)在完成時可以用在條件或時間狀語從句中,表示將來某個5(二)使用現(xiàn)在完成時的句型1)現(xiàn)在完成時+since+點時間狀語(名詞、短語、從句,其中從句用一般過去時)2)現(xiàn)在完成時+for+段時間狀語3)It/Thisisthefirst/其他序數(shù)詞/lasttime+that從句中,從句使用現(xiàn)在完成時。(二)使用現(xiàn)在完成時的句型6★注意:在下面的句子中,主句的謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時：ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantoworkonthefarm.It’salongtimesinceIsawyoulast.★注意:在下面的句子中,主句的謂語動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時7現(xiàn)在完成時表示某一已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響,強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況,所以不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用;一般過去時只表示某一動作或狀態(tài)在過去發(fā)生或存在過,與現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系,它可以與表示過去的時間狀語連用。(三)現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時表示某一已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果或影響,強8Hehasreadthatbook.(說明他現(xiàn)在知道那本書的內(nèi)容)Hereadthatbooklastyear.(只說明他去年讀過那本書)HehasgonetoAmerica.(他現(xiàn)在不在此地,在美國)HewenttoAmerica.(只說明他去過美國)Hehasreadthatbook.9(四)終止性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞：1.終止性動詞:表示短暫的運動狀態(tài),不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用,常用的動詞有:come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,reach,get,getup,join,marry,open,close,give,lend,borrow,finish,break,see,hear,notice,find,understand,die等。(四)終止性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞：102.延續(xù)性動詞:表示長時間的運動狀態(tài),能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。常用的動詞有:live,study,work,teach,stay,read,play,fly,talk,rain,eat,run等2.延續(xù)性動詞:表示長時間的運動狀態(tài),能和表示一段時間的111.---Howareyoutoday?---Oh,I____asillasIdotodayforaverylongtime.A.didn’tfeelB.wasn’tfeelingC.don’tfeelD.haven’tfeltExercises:1.---Howareyoutoday?Exer122.---___DavidandVicky___married?---Foraboutthreeyears.A.Howlonghave;beenB.Howlonghave;gotC.Howlongwere;beingD.Howlongdid;get2.---___DavidandVicky___133.Itisthethirdtimeyou__latethisweek.A.hadarrivedB.arrivedC.havearrivedD.arearriving4.---Didyouenjoyyourholiday?---Wonderful.Itisyears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since3.Itisthethirdtimeyou__145.WhenIwasatcollege,I__threeforeignlanguages,butI___allexceptafewwordsofeach.A.spoke;hadforgottenB.spoke;haveforgottenC.hadspoken;hadforgottenD.hadspoken;haveforgotten5.WhenIwasatcollege,I__156.---Where____therecorder?Ican’tseeitanywhere.---I_____righthere.Butnowit’sgone.A.didyouput;haveputB.hadyouput;wasputting

C.haveyouput;putD.wereyouputting;haveput6.---Where____therecorder167.Theprice____,butIdoubtwhetheritwillremainso.A.wentdownB.willgodownC.wasgoingdownD.hasgonedown8.Theyarediscussingtheproblemthewholeafternoon,butthey___adecisionsofar.A.didn’treachB.won’tarriveatC.haven’tcometoD.allabove7.Theprice____,butIdoubt179.—IhaveboughtanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.—Whenandwhere____you____it?A.do;buyB.did;buyC.have;boughtD.had;bought9.—IhaveboughtanEnglish-C1810.—Iheardthepeasantshere___verypoorinthepast.—Yes,butthere____greatchangesinthepastfewyears.A.were;wereB.havebeen;havebeenC.havebeen;wereD.were;havebeen10.—Iheardthepeasantsher19movedCompletetheconversation.Usethepresettenseoftheverbsinbrackets,and

fororsincewhereappropriate.Mike:Hi,Kate.Kate:Hi,Mike.Mike:Ihaven’tseenyourbrotheraroundforalongtime._____he______(move)toanewneighborhood?HasmovedCompletetheconversation20Kate:

No,he____________(move)toanewcountry!He_________(be)inAustralia______lastyear.Mike:Australia!That’sgreatcountry.______youever_____(be)there?hasn’tmovedhasbeen

sinceHavebeenKate:No,he____________(m21Kate:No,I_____never______(be)there,butI_____________(decide)togolaterthisyear.Mike:Great!_____yourbrother____(send)youanyphotos_____hemovedthere?havehavedecidedHassince