2024屆高考英語時間狀語從句專題復習學案（含答案）

第第頁高考英語時間狀語從句專題復習一、知識框架二、知識點講解狀語從句(adverbialclause)在句中作狀語，可修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞和副詞等。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導。狀語從句可放在句首或句末。放在句首時，從句后面常用逗號；放在句末時，從句前面往往不用逗號。用表示時間的連詞連接一個句子作狀語,這樣的主從復合句就是時間狀語從句。（一）從屬連詞分類1.

基本類包括when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,till,until,once,assoonas等。DidanyonecallwhenIwasout?我不在家時誰來過電話嗎?Wehaveknowneachothersincewewerechildren.我們從小認識。You’llfeelbetterafteryoutakethepills.吃完藥丸后你會感到好一些。Makesurethatallthelightsareoffbeforeyougotobed.睡覺前一定要關燈。2.

名詞類包括themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,everytime，eachtime，(the)nexttime，thelasttime，anytime，thefirsttime等。Tellmethemoment(that)yougettheresults.你一拿到結果就給我打電話。Nexttimeyoucomein,pleaseclosethedoor.下次你進來，請關門。Hefeltnervouseachtimeshespoketohim.每次她和他講話，他都感到緊張。Thelasttimewetalkedhesaidheneededanothertwodays.上次我們談話時他說他還需要兩天。3.

副詞類如immediately,directly,instantly,presently等。如：Icameimmediatelyyoucalled.你一打電話我就來了。DirectlyIwalkedinthedoorIsmeltsmoke.我一進門就聞到煙味。4.

句型類包括nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely…when

等。如：Ihadnosoonerclosedthedoorthansomebodyknocked.我剛把門關上就有人敲門。Hardlyhadhetoldmethetruth

whenhebegantoregretit.他剛告訴我真相就開始后悔了。（二）易混淆從屬連詞辨析1、when,whenever,while,as(1)when既可引導一個持續(xù)動作，也可引導一個短暫動作，可用于主句動作和從句動作同時發(fā)生，也可用于從句動作先于主句動作發(fā)生。when(特指)引導的從句表示的具體的時間,whenever（泛指）指任何一個不具體的時間。Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.Whenhewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.

Whenhehadfinishedhishomework,hetookashortrest．（finished先發(fā)生）

WhenIgottotheairport,theguestshadleft．（gotto后發(fā)生）Comewheneveryoulike.注意：表示“每當…的時候”(暗示一種規(guī)律性)，一般要用when：

It’scoldwhenitsnows.下雪時天冷。

Hesmileswhenyoupraisehim.你夸獎他時他總是笑笑。when可表示“這時(突然)”；IwasjustcomingalongtoseeyouwhenIranintoWilson.Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我們正要出發(fā)，這時天開始下雨了。在將來時從句中，常用when，且從句須用一般時代替將來時。主將從現原則Whenthemanagercomeshereforavisitnextweek，I’lltalkwithhimaboutthis.(2)while引導的的動作必須是持續(xù)性的,不能和瞬間性動詞連用。Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.WhileMarywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.Ikeptsilentwhilehewaswriting.注意：①while還可作并列連詞，意為“然而，但是”，表示前后對照，說明兩種情況相反。Tomisveryoutgoing,whileJaneisshyandquiet.Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven’tenough.②可引導讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然，盡管”（多放句首），從句和主句主語多為同一人或物。WhileIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.(3)as引導一個時間狀語從句，其動作為持續(xù)性動作，多用于主句和從句動作交替進行或同時發(fā)生，可翻譯為“一邊……，一邊……”或者“隨著時間的推移”。Sheweptasshespoke.她邊說邊哭。Helookedbehindfromtimetotimeashewent.他一邊走，一邊不時地往后看。Asthetimewenton,theweathergotworse.(as表示“隨著……”之意)Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.隨著高度的增加，大氣越來越稀薄。(4)如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動詞的進行時態(tài)表示在一段時間內正在進行的動作，此時when，while與as可互換使用。When/While/Asweweredancing，astrangercamein.(dance為延續(xù)性動詞)當我們跳舞時，一位陌生人走了進來。When/While/Asshewasmakingaphonecall，Iwaswritingaletter.(make為延續(xù)性動詞)當她在打電話時，我正在寫信?！揪毩暋縊ne

Friday,we

were

packing

to

leave

for

a

weekendaway

_______my

daughter

heard

cries

for

help.

A.

after

B.

while

C.

since

D.

when

2._________all

of

them

are

strong

candidates,

only

onewill

be

chosen

for

the

post.A.

Since

B.

While

C.

If

D.

As

3.Tom

was

about

to

close

the

windows

_____his

attention

was

caught

by

a

bird.A.

when

B.

if

C.

and

D.

till

4.Hesmiledpolitely______Maryapologizedforherdrunkenfriends.A.asB.ifC.unlessD.though5.

Because

of

the

heavy

traffic,

it

was

already

timefor

lunch

break______she

got

to

her

office.A.

since

B.

that

C.

when

D.

until

6.Mary

made

coffee

_________

her

guests

werefinishing

their

meal.

A.

so

that

B.

although

C.

while

D.

as

if

7.–I

wonder

how

much

you

charge

for

your

services.–The

first

two

are

free

____

the

third

costs

$30.

A.

while

B.

until

C.

when

D.

before

【Keys】DBAACCA2、before和after表示“在…之前(或之后)”這兩個連詞很容易犯錯，before后面接后發(fā)生動作，after后面接先發(fā)生動作。牢記‘前’（before）接后，‘后’（after）接前這樣的口訣。Istartedmymealbeforehearrived.Afterwehadfinishedteaweallsatonthegrass.為表示兩個動作緊接著發(fā)生，從句可用過去時代替過去完成時：Aftershefinishedherwork,shehurriedtothenurserytopickupherchild.3、before和since(1)before有時可譯為“還沒……就”。HehadmeasuredmebeforeIcouldsayaword.我還沒來得及說話.他就給我最好了尺寸。Ihadn'twaitedlongbeforehecame.我還沒等多久他就來了。Islippedoutbeforethelecturestarted.還沒等講座開始我就溜了出去。before也可用于it結構，與since結構比較相似，注意它們所用時態(tài)的區(qū)別。其結構是:Itwillbe+一段時間+beforesb.doessth.表將來常譯作“還要多久才會……”或Itwas+一段時間+beforesb.didsth.表過去常譯作“過了多久才……”。HeisleavingforAustraliaanditwillbethreeyearsbeforehecomesback.他要去澳大利亞了，3年后才會回來。

Duringthewarhejoinedthearmyanditwasthreeyearsbeforehecameback.戰(zhàn)爭期間他參了軍,3年后才回來。(2)since自以來若since引導的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞(如go，come，leave，start，begin等)的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從該動作開始的那一時刻起”。這是最常見的一種用法。He

has

studied

very

hard

since

he

came

to

our

school.自從來到我們學校，

他學習就非常努力。

It

is

+

段時間

+

sincesb.didsth.It

is

three

years

since

he

began

to

smoke.【練習】1.--Whydidn'tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting？--Herushedoutoftheroom____Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after2.Itisalmostfiveyears____wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when3.It_____longbeforewe____theresultoftheexperiment.A.willnotbe;willknow

B.is;willknow

C.willnotbe;know

D.is;know【Keys】ABC4、till，until和not…until1）肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某時"，動詞必須是延續(xù)性的。正確使用這兩個連詞的關鍵之一就在于判斷句中的動詞該用肯定式還是否定式?？隙ň洌篒sleptuntilmidnight.我一直睡到半夜時醒了。2）否定形式表達的意思是"直至某時才做某事"。動詞為延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性都可以。否定句：Shedidn'tarriveuntil6o'clock.她直到6點才到。Don'tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.公共汽車停穩(wěn)后再下車。3）區(qū)別：until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.直到你告訴我以前，出了什么事我一點也不知道?！揪毩暋?.Itwasquiet________thosebigtrucksstartedcomingthroughthetown.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.unless

2.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_____wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.A.whenever

B.until

C.while

D.wherever3.Ididn'trecognizeyou________youwavedtome.A.onceB.tillC.afterD.until【Keys】CBD5、表示"一…就…"的結構1、assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,once,immediately,directly,instantly,presently等（從句中用一般時態(tài)代替將來時態(tài)）AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.Tell

him

the

news

as

soon

as

you

see

him.ThemomentIheardthevoice,Iknewmyfatheriscoming.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.2、hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than（hardly/scarcely與nosooner引導的句子的謂語動詞用過去完成時，而when與then引導的句子的謂語動詞用一般過去時）如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必須用倒裝結構。Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.

Ihadhardlyclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor．＝HardlyhadIclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor．我剛一閉上眼，就有人在敲門了。

【練習】1._____gotintotheroom_____thetelephonerang.A.Hehardlyhad;then

B.Hardlyhadhe;when

C.Hehadnot;then

D.Nothadhe;when2.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once

3.Nosoonerhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.thanB.thenC.asD.when

【Keys】BAA6、bythetime意為“到……時”，后接的句子用現在時，主句通常用將來完成時;后接的句子用一般過去時，主句通常用過去完成時。Bythetimehearrives,wewillalreadyhaveleftCalifornia.Bythetimehearrived,wehadalreadyleftCalifornia.【練習】1.HewillhavelearnedEnglishforeightyearsbythetimehe_____fromtheuniversitynextyear.A.willgraduate

B.willhavegraduated

C.graduates

D.istograduate2.Bythetimehefinished,he___________alot.A.achievedB.hadachievedC.achievesD.wasachieving【Keys】CB—Wonderful.It'syears（3） .(complete) （7）Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.（8）Severalweekshadgoneby_____Irealizedthepaintingwasmissing.（9）Nosoonerhadhefinishedhistalk_____hewassurroundedbytheworkers.（10）Themomentthe28thOlympicGames_____open,thewholeworldcheered.(declare)【Keys】1.since2.when3.iscompleted4.since5.whenwhen7.when8.before9.than10.wasdeclared（二）翻譯1.當我在用餐時，他正在讀一本有趣的小說。___________________________________________________________________.2.學生們一邊沿著街道走，一邊愉快地唱歌。___________________________________________________________________.3.當我媽媽忙于準備晚飯時，我爸爸倒在看報紙。___________________________________________________________________.我們就要離開，就在那時他進來了___________________________________________________________________.隨著社會的發(fā)展，越來越多的人意識到健康的重要性。___________________________________________________________________.6.他一做完實驗，就用肥皂洗干凈雙手。(Themoment)___________________________________________________________________.7.如果你一收到消息就能給我答復的話，我將不勝感激。(themoment)___________________________________________________________________.8.我剛一走進房門，電話就響了。___________________________________________________________________.9.我剛買一套房子，房價就開始跌了。___________________________________________________________________.10.他們剛出發(fā)，天就開始下起了大雨。___________________________________________________________________.11.我還來不及完成試題，鈴就響了。(before)___________________________________________________________________.12.我還沒來得及提醒他要保守這個秘密，他就匆匆掛了電話。（before）___________________________________________________________________.13.不久以后一些藥品的價格將再一次下調。(before)___________________________________________________________________.14.還要過很長一段時間，普通人才能去太空旅行。（before）___________________________________________________________________.15.很多年后他才明白，每個人，無論強弱貧富，只要他對社會做出了貢獻，就應該得到尊重。(before)___________________________________________________________________.他們必須等到周一才能給銀行經理打電話。___________________________________________________________________.當你到了我這個歲數時，你才能夠理解（這件事）。___________________________________________________________________.直到你走的時候才意識到之前對您的疏忽。（Notuntil）___________________________________________________________________.19.也許我一天天的在進步，直到有那么一天我可以獨立完成它而不需要我的朋友每天幫我改錯了。___________________________________________________________________.20.中國加入世貿組織至今已十幾年了。(since)___________________________________________________________________.【keys】1.WhileIwashavingdinner,hewasreadingaveryinterestingstory.2.Asthepupilswalkedalongthestreet,theysanghappily.3.Whilemymumwasbusypreparingsupper,mydadwasreadinganewspaper.4.Wewereabouttoleavewhenhecamein.5.Associetydevelops,moreandmorepeoplecometorealizetheimportanceofhealth.6.Themomenthefinished(doing)theexperiment,hewashedhishandswithsoap.7.Iwouldappreciateitverymuchifyoucouldreplytome/givemeareplythemomentyoureceivethemessage.8.Ihadhardly/scarcelyenteredmyroomwhenthetelephonerang．＝Hardly/ScarcelyhadIenteredmyroomwhenthetelephonerang．9.Ihadhardly/scarcelyboughtaflatwhenthepricebegantofall．＝Hardly/ScarcelyhadIboughtaflatwhenhepricebegantofall．10.Theyhadhardly/scarcelysetoffwhenitbegantorainheavily．＝Hardly/Scarcelyhadtheysetoffwhenitbegantorainheavily11.Thebellrang,beforeIcouldfinishmytestpaper.12.HehungupthephoneinahurrybeforeIcouldremindhimtokeepthesecret.13.Itwon’tbelongbeforethepricesofsomemedicinearereducedagain.14.Itwillbealongtimebeforecommonpeoplecantraveltospace/cangotravellinginspace.15.Itwasmanyyearsbeforeherealizedthateveryone,strongorweak,richorpoor,shouldberespectedaslongashehadmadecontribution(s)tothesociety.16.TheyhadtowaittillMondaytoringthebankmanager.17.Youcan'tunderstandthatuntilyouareatmyage.18.Notuntilyouwentaway,didIrealizemyneglectofyou.19.MaybeIamprogressingdaybyday,untilonedayIcancompleteitmyselfwithoutmyfriend'shelp.20.Itis/hasbeenovertenyearssinceChinajoinedWTO.鞏固練習（一）選擇1.

I

learnt

her

hard-working

and

kind

_______

I

got

to

know

her

in

the

bookstore.

A.

first

time

B.

for

the

first

time

C.

the

first

time

D.

by

the

first

time2.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_____.A.willarrive

B.arrives

C.isgoingtoarrive

D.isarriving3.

It

was

19

years

_______

Mandela,

the

former

president

of

South

Africa,

was

set

free

from

prison.

A.

before

B.

since

C.

until

D.

that

4.

_______

had

the

bell

rung

_______

the

students

took

their

seats.

A.

Hardly;

when

B.

No

sooner;

when

C.

Hardly;

than

D.

No

sooner;

then

5.We

walked

along

the

beach

for

nearly

three

hours

_______

we

saw

a

boat

on

the

sea.

A.

when

B.

before

C.

unless

D.

as

6.The

two

brothers

quarreled

and

quarreled

_______

they

felt

sleepy

and

went

to

bed.

A.

when

B.

before

C.

unless

D.

until

7.

It

was

quite

a

long

time

_______

I

made

it

out

what

had

happened.

A.

after

B.

before

C.

when

D.

since

8.

We

sent

the

injured

to

the

First-aid

Centre_______

the

accident

happened.

A.

immediately

B.

hurriedly

C.

quickly

D.

shortly9.Itseemedonlyseconds________theboyfinishedwashinghisface.A.whenB.beforeC.afterD.evenif10.Hardlyhadhereachedtheschoolgate________thebellrang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.assoonas11.Irecognizedyou________Isawyouattheairport.A.themomentB.whileC.afterD.once12.Hewasabouttogotobed________thedoorbellrang.A.whileB.asC.beforeD.when13.________Ilistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.A.EverytimeB.WhenC.WhileD.Until14.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard______theysawtheguard.A.themomentB.afterC.beforeD.a