全新版大學(xué)英語單詞詳解 Book2 Unit2

./Unit2ValuesTextAALifeFullofRiches1.<L.2>confront:vt.1><ofaproblem,difficulty,etc.>face<sb.>threateningly*Thedifficultiesthatconfrontusseeminsuperable.*Amajordifficultythatconfrontsinternationalstudentsishowbesttojudgethequalityofaprograminaforeignuniversity.2><ofaperson>faceanddealwith<aproblem,difficulty,etc.>軍人必須面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)和死亡。<=Asoldierhastoconfrontdangeranddeath.>*Astronautshavetoconfronttheunknown.beconfrontedwith:bebroughtfacetoface<=Theprisonerwasconfrontedwithhisaccusers.>*conclusionsthatcanbeconfrontedwithexperience2.<L.3>donation:n.moneyorgoodsgivenforagoodcause*Thehospitalreceivesagooddealofmoneyindonations.他們對(duì)慈善事業(yè)慷慨捐助。<=Theymadeagenerousdonationtocharity.>Collocation:ablooddonation 獻(xiàn)血make/giveadonation 捐贈(zèng)promiseadonation 允諾捐助3.<L.5>confusion:n.astateofuncertaintyaboutwhatsth.means,etc.*Theenemyretreatedingreatconfusion.他們的突然到來打亂了我們的計(jì)劃。<=Theirunexpectedarrivalthrewourplanintoconfusion.>Collocation:coveredwithconfusion 非?；舏nconfusion 亂七八糟,處于混亂狀態(tài)throwintoconfusion 使狼狽,使慌亂N.B.:該詞的動(dòng)詞為confuse,confusing意思是"令人困惑、迷惑的",confused意思是"糊涂的、混雜的"。4.<L.5>curiosity:n.astrongdesiretoknowaboutsth.*Justtosatisfymycuriosity,howmuchdidyoupayforyourcar?<=Weburnedwithcuriosityoverwhatwasinthebox.>Collocation:from/outofcuriosity 在好奇心驅(qū)使下inopencuriosity 公然出頭過問與自己無關(guān)的事Curiositykilledacat. 好奇?zhèn)怼?.<L.7>stammer:v.speakwithatendencytorepeatrapidlythesamesoundorsyllable*It’scrueltomakefunofpeoplewhostammer.他結(jié)結(jié)巴巴地道了。<=Hestammeredhisthanks.>6.<L.10>deny:vt.1>saythatsth.isnottrue*ThereisnodenyingthefactthatJapanbegantoinvadeChinaasearlyastheearly1930’s.2>refusetoadmitoraccept<=Hedeniedknowinganythingabouttheirplans.>7.<L.10>fillout:addinformationsuchasyournameandaddressin<aformordocument>*Ittookmequiteawhiletofilloutthequestionnaire.請(qǐng)把附表填好。<=Pleasefillouttheattachedblank.>8.<L.11>fallinto:belongto<aparticulargroupofthingsthathavesimilarqualities>理事會(huì)成員們意見相左,分成自由和保守兩個(gè)陣營(yíng)<=Thecouncilmembersdisagreed,fallingintoliberalandconservativecamps.>*Allwhalesfallintotwogroups,thosewithteethandthosewithout.9.<L.13>nothingmorethan:only,just<=Happinessisnothingmorethangoodhealthandabadmemory.>這只不過是個(gè)杜撰的故事而已。<=Itisnothingmorethanamade-upstory.>10.<L.19>attain:vt.succeedinachieving,esp.afteralotofeffort 我決心不惜任何代價(jià)達(dá)到目的。<=I’mdeterminedtoattainmypurposeatanycost.>*Sheattainedherambitionofbecomingapilot.Collocation:attainone’sgoal 達(dá)到目的attaintheageof 有…歲了attainthetopofamoutain 到達(dá)山頂CF:get,gain,obtain&attain這四個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞,都有"得到"、"獲得"之意。get是最普通的用語,可指通過任何方式的獲得,多用于口語中。例如：*Shegotthehighestscoreinfancyropejumping.她在花樣跳繩中得分最高。gain多指在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中獲得,所得的東西往往是有用的或是所期待的。例如：*Ihopeyouwillgainthevictorythistime.我希望你這次獲得勝利。obtain是書面語,指靠他人或自己努力而得到,強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或目的。例如：*Bythismethod,weobtainedagoodresult.我們用這種方法獲得了好結(jié)果。attain強(qiáng)調(diào)達(dá)到完美的地步。例如：*Suchaconditionisverydifficulttoattain.這樣的情況是很難達(dá)到的。11.<L.16>minimal:adj.verysmallinsizeoramount;assmallaspossible暴風(fēng)雨只造成極輕微的損失。<=Thestormdidonlyminimaldamage.>*TheFordCEOofferedtoworkforaminimalsalaryofonedollarayear.N.B.:該詞的動(dòng)詞為minimize。反義詞為maximal。12.<L.21>cherish:vt.love<sth./sb.>verymuchandprotectthem<=RidinghorseswithmymotherwhenIwasakidhasbecomeacherishedmemory.>*Shecherishedthechildasthoughhewereherown.Collocation:cherishfonddreamsof 做…的美夢(mèng)cherisheddesire 夙愿cherishadeeplovefor 熱愛…13.<L.21>fabricate:vt.makeup<astory,apieceofinformation,etc.>inordertodeceivepeople*Haveyoueverliedalittle,orfabricatedastoryaboutyourself,toimpresssomeoneyoumeetthefirsttime?她缺席的借口顯然是瞎編的。<=Theexcuseforherabsencewasobviouslyfabricated.>14.<L.22>tickle:v.1>amuseandinterest*Thecomediantickledthecrowdwithhisjokes.*IttickledhertothinkthatherbosswoulddressupasaclownattheNewYearparty.2>moveone’sfingersonasensitivepartofanother’sbodyinawaythatmakesthemlaugh*Shetickledtheboy'sfeetandmadehimlaugh.嬰兒喜歡輕輕呵癢和緊緊擁抱。<=Babiesliketobetickledandhugged.>15.<L.25>vital:adj.veryimportant,necessary,oressential<=Thispointisvitaltomyargument.>*Theleader’svitalandcheerfulmannerfilledhismenwithcourage.Pattern:bevitalto… 對(duì)…極為重要16.<L.25>welloff:rich,orhavingenoughmoneytolivewell*TheCommunistPartyofChinawillleadtheChinesepeopleinbuildingawell-offsociety.如果他年輕時(shí)多努力一點(diǎn),現(xiàn)在就能過得舒服些。<=Ifhehadworkedharderwhenyoung,hewouldbewelloffnow.>17.<L.26>emotional:adj.connectedwithpeople’sfeelings<=Hisemotionallanguagereducedmanyoftheaudiencetotears.>*Naturehasprogrammedusallwithbothphysicalandemotionalneeds.18.<L.26>pursuit:n.theactoflookingforortryingtofind我們?yōu)樽非笮腋Ｉ疃ぷ鳌?lt;=Weworkhardinpursuitofhappylife.>*Heexerciseseverydayinpursuitofhealth.Collocation:dailypursuits 日常事務(wù)educationalpursuit 教育事業(yè)pursuitofprofit 追逐利潤(rùn)inone’spursuitofhappiness 追求幸福19.<L.26>outofplace:feelinguncomfortableornotsuitableinaparticularsituation*Yourjokesareoutofplaceonsuchasolemnoccasion.在正式的舞會(huì)上,我感到局促不安,很不自在。<=AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.>20.<L.34>incontrastto:whenacontrastismadeto*Incontrasttohersister,sheisverytall.<=Incontrasttohisbrother,heisalwaysconsiderateofothers.>21.<L.35>consequence:n.aresultofsth.thathashappened*Jimmyexperiencedsevereheadacheasaconsequenceofheavydrinkingthenightbefore.這樣一種錯(cuò)誤可能導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果。<=Suchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisastrousconsequences.>Collocation:asaconsequence 因而,結(jié)果inconsequence 因此,結(jié)果inconsequenceof …的結(jié)果,因?yàn)椤木壒?由于ofconsequence 有勢(shì)力的,重要的taketheconsequences 自食其果,承擔(dān)責(zé)任CF:effect,result&consequence這三個(gè)詞都是名詞,都有"結(jié)果"之意。effect表示由某種原因直接產(chǎn)生的某一結(jié)果或狀況。result表示某一事件的發(fā)生或某一行為所造成的結(jié)果,有"最終的結(jié)果"之意。consequence表示由于邏輯推斷得出的結(jié)果,或由于某種原因、一些必要的條件而造成的結(jié)果。<Directions:>Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Thedilemmasthatparentsfindthemselvesintodayisa_______ofchangesinsociety.<=consequence>2.Itriedtopersuadehim,butwithlittleorno______.<=effect>3.Oneofthe______ofthisillnessisthatyouloseyourhair.<=effects>4.Itrepresentsthe______oftenyears’labor.<=result>5.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial______.<=consequences>22.<L.36>commercial: 1.n.anadvertisementonTVorradio*TVcommercialstodayaremoreimaginativethantheywere20yearsago.2.adj.relatingtobusiness*Heleftthecommercialworldtobecomeagovernmentofficial.商業(yè)函件<=commercialcorrespondence>23.<L.39>focus:v.concentrate<one’sattention,etc.>on<sth.>;concentrate<onsth.><=Youshouldfocusyourattentiononyourwork.>*Theonlywaytoattainyourgoalsistostayfocusedandworkhard.24.<L.41>affluent:adj.richenoughtobuythingsforpleasure自然資源豐富的土地<=landaffluentinnaturalresources>*Inanaffluentsocietypeoplecanaffordtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandlife.CF:rich,wealthy&affluent這三個(gè)詞都是形容詞,都有"豐富"、"富有"之意。rich意為"有錢的"、"富有的",其程度超過正常需要的,語氣強(qiáng)烈；形容人時(shí),指擁有大量金錢、財(cái)產(chǎn),其引申義為"富于…"。例如：*Therichgetricherwhilethepoorgetpoorer.富人更富,窮人更窮。wealthy指人、家庭或國(guó)家富有、、富裕；語氣較緩,程度可大可小。尤指擁有大量財(cái)產(chǎn)、財(cái)富。例如：*Somewealthypeoplearelikelytobephilanthropists.有些富人往往是慈善家。affluent意為"富裕的"、"富足的",尤指家庭和社會(huì),在這一點(diǎn)上相當(dāng)于wealthy,是較正式用語。例如：*It’sourdutytobuildanaffluentandcivilizedsocietyinthenewcentury.在新世紀(jì)建設(shè)一個(gè)富裕文明的社會(huì)是我們的義務(wù)。25.<L.43>genuine:adj.real,true他真心誠(chéng)意地愿意幫助我們。<=Hehasagenuinedesiretohelpus.>*Itappearstobegenuine,butIhavemysuspicionsaboutit.CF:real,true&genuine這三個(gè)詞都是形容詞,都有"真的"、"真正的"之意。real普通用語,指真實(shí)的或與事實(shí)相符的。true強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀事實(shí)與實(shí)際情況相符合,兼有real的含義。genuine指真實(shí)性是有據(jù)可查的。<Directions:>Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.1.Itis_______thattheearthisround.<=true>2.Isthisa______Mingvase?<=genuine>3.Thisisastoryof______life.<=real>4.Amirageisnota______object.<=real>5.______silver<=genuine>26.<L.45>gothrough:experience<sth.difficultorunpleasant>*He’samazinglycheerfulconsideringallthathe’sgonethrough.孩提時(shí)代,他經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)又一個(gè)的艱難困苦。<=Whenhewasachild,hewentthroughonehardshipafteranother.><Directions:>Choosetheappropriatetranslationfortheexpression"gothrough"inthefollowingsentences.檢查、審查、搜查完成、做完遭受、經(jīng)歷看完D1.Howlongwillittaketogothroughthebook?C2.I’mflatteredthatyouwentthroughallthistroublejustforme.A3.Theywentthroughourluggageatthecustoms.B4.Withgreatconcentrationshewentthroughthemovements.27.<L.47>linger:vi.1>lastorcontinueforalongtime*BeforeleavingSuzhou,wetookalastlingeringlookatthebeautifulview.<=Thebeautifulmelodyislingeringinmymind.>2>takealongtimetoleaveordisappear*Helingeredoutsidetheschoolaftereverybodyelsehadgonehome.CF:stay,remain&linger這三個(gè)詞都是動(dòng)詞,都有"停留"、"逗留"之意。stay是本組詞中最普通的用語。或長(zhǎng)期或短期,或永遠(yuǎn)或暫時(shí)地停留。例如：*Mycarstaysinthegaragemostoftheweek.我的車子一周大部分時(shí)間都停放在車庫(kù)里。remain強(qiáng)調(diào)維持原來的狀態(tài),表示"逗留"時(shí)比stay更正式些。例如：*Littleoftheoriginalarchitectureremains.原來的建筑現(xiàn)在留存很少了。linger意思是"逗留"、"徘徊",尤指遲遲不愿離開的樣子。例如：*Heshouldhavegoneout,butlingeredoverhismealtillitwastoolatetocatchthetrain.他本該出門了,可還慢騰騰地吃飯,以致來不及趕火車了。28.<L.47>individual:1.n.personconsideredseparatelyfromtheirsociety個(gè)人權(quán)利<=rightsofindividuals>*Thewelfareoftheindividualisboundupwiththewelfareofthecommunity.2.adj.oforforoneperson*Agoodcoachknowshowtotakebestadvantageofthestrengthofeachindividualplayerontheteam.*Shehasherownindividualwayofwalking.29.<L.52>tangible:adj.thatcanbeclearlyseentoexist;thatyoucantouchandfeel*Tangibleassetsrefertothoseassetsthathaveaphysicalform,suchasmachinery,buildingsandland.<=Sculptureisatangibleartform.>N.B.:該詞的反義詞為intangible。TextBTheRichestManinAmerica,DownHome1.<para.2>discount:n.amountofmoneywhichmaybetakenoffthefullprice*Traditionalretailerswho’veopenedcyber-storesmayofferspecialdiscountstoonlineshoppers.盡管網(wǎng)上書店常有折扣,但不要期望能省多少。<=Althoughonlinebookstoresusuallyofferdiscounts,don'texpecttosavemuch.>2.<para.5>folk:n.peopleingeneral<Youcanrefertopeopleasfolkorfolks.>*ThesearethefolksfromthelocalTVstation.他們結(jié)了婚,有了孩子,像其他人一樣生活。<=Theygotmarriedandhadkidsandlivedlikeotherfolks.>3.<para.5>getawaywith:dosth.wrongorriskywithoutbeingcaughtorpunished<Inthetext,itmeans"dosth.withoutexperiencinganyproblemsordifficulties">*Theyclaimedthattheyknewhowtoplaythesystemandgetawaywithit.艾力克偷稅漏稅好些年,都沒碰到麻煩。<=Erichasbeengettingawaywithtaxfraudforyears.>4.<para.5>OnlyinAmericacanabillionairecarryonlikeplainfolksandgetawaywithit.Paraphrasethesentence.<=OnlyinAmericacanaveryrichpersonlivelikeordinarypeoplewithoutexperiencinganyproblems.>5.<para.5>local:adj.oforforaparticularplace*Theplanewastotakeoffat6a.m.andlandat7a.m.localtime.主辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)所需的四分之三的投資將由中央政府和當(dāng)?shù)卣袚?dān)。<=Three-quartersoftheinvestmentneededtohosttheOlympicswouldbebornebycentralandlocalgovernment.>6.<para.6>corporate:adj.relatingtolargecompanies*Thetwocompaniesdecidedtomergetotakeadvantageofsimilaritiesintheircorporatecultures.谷歌公司總部位于加州的山景城。<=ThecorporateheadquartersofGoogleInc.islocatedinMountainView,7.<para.7>byallaccounts:accordingtowhateveryonesays*TheChinesefootballteamwillplaytheKoreanstonight.Itshouldbeamatchworthwatching,byallaccounts.大家都說湯姆是個(gè)很棒的老師。<=Tom,byallaccounts,isasuperbteacher.>8.<para.7>blend:v.mixtogether*ThesingerisknownforblendingLatinpopandAmericanmainstreampopinhersongs.我們?cè)顼埑允裁?？混合了香蕉、草莓、椰棗和芒果的水果布丁?lt;=Whatdowehaveforbreakfast?Afruitpuddingofblendedbananas,strawberries,datesandmangos.>blendin/into:Ifsb.blendsintoaparticulargrouporsituation,oriftheyblendin,theyseemtobelongthereorarenotnoticeable,becausetheirbehaviorissimilartothatoftheotherpeopleinvolved.<usedinthepatterns:blendin;blendintosth.;blendinwithsth.> *Asanewly-appointedmanager,hewasnotsurewhetherhecouldblendin.*Thepainterblendedinwiththecrowdattheartsale.他說的話堅(jiān)定了我的信念,要和周圍打成一片。<=Whathesaidreinforcedmydeterminationtoblendinwithmysurroundings.>9.<para.7>Byallaccounts,he’sfriendly,cheerful,afineneighborwhodoeshisbesttoblendin,neverflashy,neverthrowinghisweightaround.Translatethesentence.<=人人都說他為人友善,性情開朗,是個(gè)好鄰居；他盡力與人們?nèi)谇⑾嗵?從不炫耀,也不盛氣凌人。>10.<para.12>Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingthatwouldhavemadeheadlinesanywhereintheworld:Heforgothismoney.Paraphrasethesentence.<=Butonerecentmorning,TheRichestManinAmericadidsomethingtopeople’ssurprisethatwouldappearasapieceofnews:Heforgothismoney.>11.<para.14>ButjusthowlongWaltoncanholdfirmtohisfolksyhabitswithcelebrityhunterskeepingfollowinghimwhereverhegoesisanyone’sguess.Paraphrasethesentence.<=然而,沃爾頓所到之處專門報(bào)道名人的記者緊跟不舍,他的平民習(xí)慣能保持多久,就很難說了。>12.<para.14>ontherun:tryinghardtohideorescapefromsb.*PrincessDianadiedwhileontherunfrompaparazzi.他在逃避警方的追捕。<=Heisontherunfromthepolice.>13.<para.15>rank:v.put<sb./sth.>intoapositionaccordingtotheirsize,importance,etc.*Jimwassosureofhimselfthatheonlyappliedtothoseuniversitiesrankedinthetop10ontheannualU.S.News&WorldReportissueon"America'sBestColleges."搜索引擎按相關(guān)度對(duì)搜索結(jié)果進(jìn)行排名,最先展現(xiàn)的是最相關(guān)的記錄。<=Thissearchenginerankssearchresultsinorderofrelevance,showingyouthemostrelevantrecordsfirst.>14.<para.15>makeup:form,constitute*Womenmakeupnearly50%ofuniversityentrants.這所大學(xué)由14個(gè)系和5個(gè)研究中心構(gòu)成。<=Thecollegeismadeupoffourteendepartmentsandfiveresearchcenters.>15.<para.16>rally:n.alarge,usu.politicalpublicmeeting*OverseasChineseheldralliesaroundtheworldonSundayandMondaytovoicetheirsupportfortheBeijingOlympicGames.巴拉克·奧巴馬在集會(huì)上以"我們需要改變"這個(gè)口號(hào)結(jié)束了演講。<=BarakObama’sspeechattherallyendedwiththeslogan"Changeweneed.">16.<para.16>liable:adj.likely<todosth.>*It'sliabletosnowheavilytomorrow.由于天氣惡劣,運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)可能推遲到下周。<=Thesportsmeetingisliabletobepostponeduntilnextweekbecauseofthebadweather.>17.<para.17>laydown:establish<sth.>asaruleorprinciple*Conditionsformembershiparelaiddowninthesoccerclubrules.校方印發(fā)了新冊(cè)子,規(guī)定了學(xué)生守則。<=Theschoolauthoritieshaveissuedanewbookletlayingdownregulationsforstudents.>18.<para.17>loyalty:n.thequalityofstayingfirminyourfriendshiporsupportforsb./sth.;astrongfeelingthatonewantstobefaithfultosb./sth.<followedbyto>*Myfatherisasoccerfan.Hisloyaltytothelocalteamhastakenhimalloverthecountrytoseethemplay.一旦拿定了主意,將軍就沒有動(dòng)搖過對(duì)南方的忠誠(chéng)。<=Oncehismindwasmadeup,GeneralLeeneverchangedhisloyaltytotheSouth.>19.<para.18>Onetennisguestmanagedtoputhimoffthisgamebyaski