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一種改進(jìn)的基于RSSI測(cè)距的室內(nèi)三維修正定位算法摘要:本文提出了一種改進(jìn)的基于RSSI測(cè)距的室內(nèi)三維修正定位算法,該算法通過(guò)利用RSSI信號(hào)傳輸特性并結(jié)合室內(nèi)地圖信息,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)移動(dòng)終端在室內(nèi)三維空間的精確定位。首先,建立包含信號(hào)強(qiáng)度值和位置信息的RSSI數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),并采用加權(quán)平均法對(duì)測(cè)距誤差和信號(hào)衰減進(jìn)行修正,從而提高定位準(zhǔn)確度;其次,利用三角定位原理結(jié)合加速度傳感器對(duì)平面位置進(jìn)行修正,并結(jié)合高度傳感器對(duì)垂直位置進(jìn)行修正,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)移動(dòng)終端在三維空間的定位。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該算法能夠較好的處理室內(nèi)復(fù)雜環(huán)境下的信號(hào)傳輸問(wèn)題,并實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)三維空間的精確定位。關(guān)鍵詞:RSSI測(cè)距、三維定位、加權(quán)平均法、三角定位原理、加速度傳感器、高度傳感器IntroductionWiththedevelopmentofinformationtechnology,thelocation-basedserviceshavebecomeanimportantpartofpeople'sdailylife.However,thetraditionalpositioningtechnology,suchasGPS,isnotaccurateenoughinindoorenvironmentsduetotheobstaclesandinterference.Therefore,theresearchonindoorpositioningtechnologyhasbecomeahottopicinrecentyears.RSSI-basedpositioningtechnologyhasbecomeoneofthewidely-usedindoorpositioningtechnologiesbecauseofitslowcostandeaseofdeployment.However,RSSI-basedpositioningtechnologystillfacessomechallenges,suchassignalpropagationcharacteristicsandsignalinterference.ThetraditionalRSSI-basedpositioningalgorithmusuallyestimatesthepositionofamobiledeviceintwodimensions,whichcannotmeettherequirementsofindoorthree-dimensionalpositioning.ThispaperproposesanimprovedRSSI-basedindoorthree-dimensionalpositioningalgorithm,whichutilizesRSSIsignaltransmissioncharacteristicsandindoormapinformationtoachieveprecisepositioningofmobiledevicesinindoorthree-dimensionalspace.MethodologyTheproposedalgorithmconsistsoftwomainparts:RSSIdatabaseconstructionandthree-dimensionalpositioningcorrection.1.RSSIDatabaseConstructionTheRSSIdatabaseincludesthesignalstrengthvaluesandthecorrespondinglocations.ThesignalstrengthisobtainedbymeasuringtheRSSIvaluesoftheWi-Fisignalsreceivedbythemobiledevice.Thelocationinformationcanbeobtainedbyusingthepositioningtechnologywithhighprecision,suchasGPS.TheRSSIdatabaseisconstructedbycollectingRSSIvaluesandassociatedlocationinformationindifferentpositionsintheindoorenvironment.TheRSSIvaluesreceivedbythemobiledeviceareaffectedbyvariousfactors,suchasdistance,obstacles,walls,andreflections.ToeliminatetheerrorintheRSSIvaluescausedbythesefactors,aweightedaveragingmethodisused.TheweightedaveragingmethodassignslessweighttotheRSSIvalueswithhighernoiselevelsandhigherweighttotheRSSIvalueswithlowernoiselevels.Inthisway,theaverageRSSIvaluescanreflectthetruesignalstrengths.2.Three-dimensionalPositioningCorrectionTheproposedalgorithmcorrectsthetwo-dimensionalpositionobtainedfromtheRSSI-basedpositioningalgorithmusingtheprincipleoftriangulationandtheinformationprovidedbytheaccelerometerandthealtimeter.Thepositioncorrectionprocesscanbedividedintotwoparts:thefirstpartisthecorrectionoftheplanarposition;thesecondpartisthecorrectionoftheverticalposition.TheplanarpositioncorrectionisachievedbytriangulationusingtheinformationobtainedfromthreeormoreAPs.ThepositionofthemobiledevicecanbeobtainedbycalculatingtheintersectionofthreeormorecircleswithcentersattheAPsandradiiequaltothedistancesobtainedfromtheRSSIvalues.However,thiscalculationmayresultinlargeerrorsduetothenoiseinthedistancemeasurements.Toreducetheerror,theweightedaveragemethodisappliedagaintocalculatetheadjusteddistance.Theverticalpositioncorrectionisachievedbyusingtheaccelerometerandthealtimeter.Theaccelerometercanmeasuretheaccelerationofthemobiledeviceinthreedimensions,andthealtimetercanmeasuretheheightofthemobiledevicerelativetotheground.Thecorrectedverticalpositionisobtainedbycombiningthealtitudevalueobtainedfromthealtimeterandtheaccelerationvalueobtainedfromtheaccelerometer.ResultsTheproposedalgorithmwasevaluatedinarealindoorenvironment.Theexperimentalresultsshowthattheproposedalgorithmcanachieveaccuratethree-dimensionalpositioninginindoorenvironments.ComparedwiththetraditionalRSSI-basedindoorpositioningalgorithm,theproposedalgorithmhasthefollowingadvantages:1.TheuseoftheweightedaveragingmethodcaneliminatetheerrorintheRSSIvaluescausedbysignalpropagationandobstacles.2.Theuseoftheaccelerometerandthealtimetercancorrecttheverticalposition,whichgreatlyimprovestheaccuracyofthethree-dimensionalpositioning.ConclusionThispaperproposesanimprovedRSSI-basedindoorthree-dimensionalpositioningalgorithm,whichutilizesRSSIsignaltransmissioncharacteristicsandindoormapinformationtoachieveprecisepositioningofmobiledevicesinindoorthree-dimensionalspace.Theproposedalgorithmcombinestheweightedaveragingmethod,theprincipleoftriangulation,andtheinformationprovidedbythe

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