2021屆高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之高考真題閱讀詞塊精析（四十）

2021高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)之高考真題閱讀詞塊精析（四十）

2020浙江卷（B篇）

ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflash

thesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9：30am,thefull

red/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33am,aburstofadditionaltraffic

mightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethe

trafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.

Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcity,justeastofSeattle,usesasystemthatis

gainingpopularityaroundtheUS：intersection（十字路口）signalsthatcanadjustinrealtime

totrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesin

boththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.

uAdaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed,,,

saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.

ForallofBellevue?ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammed

roadways.KevinBalke,aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,

saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammed

thatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.

“It'snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities,w

hesays.

InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnew

approaches.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidenthe

roads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevueTransportationDepartment,strafficengineeringmanager.

Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjust

makingthembigger.

詞塊梳理

1:signal

英［'SIgnal］美［'signal］

n.信號(hào)；紅綠燈

V.發(fā)信號(hào)；示意

adj.重大的

變形

副詞:signally

過去分詞：signalled

現(xiàn)在分詞：signalling

過去式：signalled

復(fù)數(shù)：signals

第三人稱單數(shù)：signals

雙語(yǔ)例句

1.Expertsregardeditasawarningsignalofaneconomicsmashup.

專家們把它看作是一場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)災(zāi)難的警告信號(hào).

2.Thecarrierwavehasgotoutofphasewiththesignalwave.

載波同信號(hào)波是異相的.

3.Thisisasignalfailure.

這是明顯的失敗.

2：flash

英印化』美田利

n.閃耀；突發(fā)；閃現(xiàn)；閃光燈；簡(jiǎn)章

v.使閃光；飛馳；突然想到；快速出示；使閃現(xiàn)；快速發(fā)送；瞥（一眼）；發(fā)

光

adj.奢華的

變形

過去分詞：flashed

現(xiàn)在分詞：flashing

過去式：flashed

第三人稱單數(shù)：flashes

雙語(yǔ)例句

1.Fiveyearshaveelapsedinaflash.

一晃就是5年.

2.Likeaflashoflightning,themeteorshotacrossthesky.

流星像一道閃光劃過天空.

3.Withaflash,thekerosenelampwentout.

煤油燈閃了閃就滅了.

3：cycle

英［kaki］美［kaki］

v.騎自行車

n.自行車；摩托車；整套；循環(huán)；組詩(shī)

變形

過去分詞：cycled

現(xiàn)在分詞：cycling

過去式：cycled

復(fù)數(shù)：cycles

第三人稱單數(shù)：cycles

雙語(yǔ)例句

1.Whichiscommonlyusedinthetwospeed100kmfuelcycleandconsumption.

其中常用的兩種是等速百公里油耗和循環(huán)工況油耗.

2.Theaccumulation,distributionandcycleofN,PandKinS.apetala+S.

研究了深圳福田紅樹林無(wú)瓣海桑+海桑群落的N、P、K元素的累積和循環(huán).

3.You'vegottobeespeciallycarefulwhenyoucycleonsnow.

雪地上騎車要格外小心.

4：popularity

英hpDpjuiaereti］美［pa：pjulaeroti］

n.流行，普及；聲望

雙語(yǔ)例句

1.Severalunpopulardecisionsdiminishedthegovernor'spopularity.

幾項(xiàng)不得人心的決定使州長(zhǎng)的聲望下降.

2.Ourproductenjoyspopularitythroughouttheworld.

我們的產(chǎn)品飲譽(yù)全球.

3.Theybroughtinnewtaxlawsinabidtorestoretheirpopularity.

他們提出了新稅法,力求重新贏得人心.

5：intersection

英hndsekji］美［intorbekjh］

n.橫斷，橫切；交叉，相交；交叉點(diǎn)，交叉線；［數(shù)］交集

變形

復(fù)數(shù)：intersections

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Thekeypointwhichconstrainstheurbanroadcapacityistheintersection.

城市道路交通通行能力制約關(guān)鍵在交叉口.

2.Thepolicemanregulatedtrafficattheintersection.

警察在交叉路口指揮交通.

3.Inthispaper,wepresentanovelparametricsurfacesintersectionalgorithm

basedondiscretesurfels.

提出了一種基于點(diǎn)元的參數(shù)曲面求交交互式新算法.

6：adaptive

英［Jckeptv］美［Jdaeptw］

adj.適應(yīng)的；有適應(yīng)能力的

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Asimpleadaptivecontrolsystemwasdesignedforconstanttensionofdouble

standrevererollingmill.

為保證雙機(jī)架可逆冷軋機(jī)軋制中帶鋼恒張力，設(shè)計(jì)了恒張力簡(jiǎn)單自適應(yīng)控制

系統(tǒng).

2.Atlast,theadaptivecontrollerisdesignedaccordingtothemodelreference

adaptivecontroltheory.

最后，根據(jù)模型參考自適應(yīng)控制原理，設(shè)計(jì)了自適應(yīng)控制器.

3.Anadaptivecontrolalgorithmwasputforwardaimingattwomainproblems

existinginthesystem.

針對(duì)此類系統(tǒng)存在的主要問題,提出一種適應(yīng)或控制算法.

7；decline

英［diklan］美［diklan］

v.減少；衰落；下降；衰退；婉拒；（單詞）變格

n.下降，減少；衰落

變形

過去分詞：declined

現(xiàn)在分詞：declining

過去式：declined

第三人稱單數(shù)：declines

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Thedeclineofsalesembarrassedthecompany.

銷路下降使公司陷于財(cái)政困難.

2.Hisfatherisonthedecline.

他父親的身體越來(lái)越弱.

3.Pricesatthefairsarestablewithaslightdecline.

價(jià)格穩(wěn)中有降.

8；demand

英［d/mcrnd］美［di*maend］

v.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要

n.要求；所需之物；需求

變形

過去分詞：demanded

現(xiàn)在分詞：demanding

過去式：demanded

復(fù)數(shù)：demands

第三人稱單數(shù)：demands

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Thiswashingmachinewasguaranteedfrommechanicalfailure一Idemanda

newone!

這臺(tái)洗衣機(jī)出售時(shí)曾擔(dān)保過不出機(jī)械性故障一一我要換一臺(tái)新的.

2.Thesupplyisinadequatetomeetthedemand.

供不應(yīng)求.

3.Wedemandadefiniteanswer.

我們要求明確的答案.

9：jammed

英［ds^emd］美［dsaemd］

adj.機(jī)器出故障等無(wú)法正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；壅塞

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Shelookedatthebooksjammedhaphazardlyintheshelves.

她看著亂七八糟地塞在書架上的那些書。

2.Themarketplacewasjammedwithanoisycrowdofbuyersandsellers.

集市上熙熙攘攘擠滿了買賣東西的人。

3.Cracksappearedinthewallandadoorjammedshut.

墻上出現(xiàn)了裂縫，一扇門卡住打不開了。

10：approach

英美［abroot』

v.接近，臨近；對(duì)付，處理；接洽，要求

n.方法，方式；接近，來(lái)臨；接洽，要求；途徑，道路；相似的事物

變形

過去分詞：approached

現(xiàn)在分詞：approaching

過去式：approached

復(fù)數(shù)：approaches

第三人稱單數(shù)：approaches

雙語(yǔ)例句

l.Attheapproachofcoldweather,thetroopswereunabletokeepholdingthe

field.

寒冷的天氣到來(lái)時(shí),部隊(duì)無(wú)力繼續(xù)作戰(zhàn).

2.Shecouldtelltheapproachofthemilkmanbythewhistlednotesthatsomehow

alwaysflatted.

她能從那總是偏低的口哨聲聽出送奶人的到來(lái).

3.Thescoutmadeastealthyapproachtothe