新高考適用2023版高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第4部分高考題型組合練組合練6

組合練6Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(2022·山東省日照市高三一模)DespiteKyleTianshibeingonlya15-year-oldUShighschooler,hehaspublishedfivesci-finovels.HisfifthbookEventidewasreleasedinJuly.However,thismaynotbehismostimpressiveachievementasKylejustreceivedthe“HeroAward”，a$20,000grandprize.ItisthetophonorintheCaliforniaYouthSustainabilityAwards.Thecompetitionaimstoencourageandsupportyoungcommunityleaderswhoaremakingadifferenceforsustainabilityintheircommunitiesbytakingactionfortheplanet.Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorforhisportableinventioncalledNEREID.Thedevicecandetectmicroscopicparticles(粒子)inwaterbyusingalaserandmicroscope.Theseparticlescanbeharmfultopeopleandtheenvironment.KylecameupwiththeideafortheinventionbasedonhisexperiencegrowingupinSanDiego,California,US.Peoplehadnoaccesstounpolluteddrinkingwaterandhisparentsaskedhimnottodrinktapwater.Kylespentabout$60buyingthetoolsneededtoanalyzethetapwater:alaser,amicroscopeandamicro-computer.“It?sincrediblypowerfulfortheprice，”Kylesaid.Thenheusedtheirfamily?sgarageashislaboratory,doingresearchonthepollutionofdrinkingwatercausedbymicro-plastics.Kylehopestobringtomarketalow-costalternativetoolfordetectingmicro-plasticpollutionlevelsindrinkingwater.Inthisway,hecanofferhelptopeoplewhodon?thaveaccesstowaterfiltration(過濾)systems.Hehasappliedforapatent.KylesaidhissisterEmily,afreshmanatStanfordUniversity,inspiredhisinterestinenvironmentalresearch.Shewasrecognizednationallyfordevelopingawatercollectiondevice.TheyhavefoundedtheClearwaterInnovationprogramtoadvocateforcleanwaterthroughsocialmediaplatformsandorganizecommunitycleanupevents.1．WhatdoweknowaboutKyle？________A．Heisgoodatadaptingsci-fiworks.B．Heenteredmanynovelcontests.C．Hereceivedanawardforhisinvention.D．He?sfoundmicroscopicparticlesinwater.2．WhatledtoKyle?screationofNEREID？________A．People?slackofcleandrinkingwater.B．People?spoorlivingconditions.C．Hisdesiretobeacommunityleader.D．Hisfamily?sencouragement.3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesKyle？________A．Considerateandbrave.B．Optimisticandhonest.C．Determinedandhumorous.D．Responsibleandcreative.4．What?sthetextmainlyabout？________A．TheintroductionofNEREID.B．Aboy?scontributiontoliterature.C．Theharmofpollutedwater.D．AUSschooler?swatersolution.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了15歲的KyleTianshi發(fā)明了檢測水中有害的微觀粒子的設(shè)備，獲得了加州青年可持續(xù)發(fā)展獎(jiǎng)的最高榮譽(yù)。1．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorforhisportableinventioncalledNEREID.(Kyle是美國劍橋?qū)W院的一名二年級(jí)學(xué)生，他因便攜式發(fā)明NEREID獲得了這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)。)”可知，Kyle因他的發(fā)明而獲獎(jiǎng)。故選C。2．A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“KylecameupwiththeideafortheinventionbasedonhisexperiencegrowingupinSanDiego,California,US.Peoplehadnoaccesstounpolluteddrinkingwaterandhisparentsaskedhimnottodrinktapwater.(Kyle基于他在美國加州圣地亞哥的成長經(jīng)歷，想出了這個(gè)發(fā)明的主意。人們喝不到無污染的飲用水，他的父母要求他不要喝自來水。)”可知，Kyle發(fā)明NEREID是由于人們?nèi)狈Ω蓛舻娘嬘盟?。故選A。3．D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段“Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorforhisportableinventioncalledNEREID.(Kyle是美國劍橋?qū)W院的一名二年級(jí)學(xué)生，他因便攜式發(fā)明NEREID獲得了這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)。)”及最后一段最后一句“TheyhavefoundedtheClearwaterInnovationprogramtoadvocateforcleanwaterthroughsocialmediaplatformsandorganizecommunitycleanupevents.(他們創(chuàng)立了清水創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目，通過社交媒體平臺(tái)倡導(dǎo)清潔用水，并組織社區(qū)清潔活動(dòng)。)”可知，Kyle發(fā)明NEREID，使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水，并通過實(shí)際行動(dòng)倡導(dǎo)清潔用水，保護(hù)環(huán)境，因此他有責(zé)任心且有創(chuàng)意。故選D。4．D主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段“Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorforhisportableinventioncalledNEREID.(Kyle是美國劍橋?qū)W院的一名二年級(jí)學(xué)生，他因便攜式發(fā)明NEREID獲得了這項(xiàng)榮譽(yù)。)”可知，文章主要講述15歲的KyleTianshi發(fā)明了檢測水中有害的微觀粒子的設(shè)備，使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水，還創(chuàng)立清水創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目，倡導(dǎo)清潔用水，故D項(xiàng)“一位美國學(xué)生對于水的解決方案”能夠概括文章大意。故選D。B(2022·福建省龍巖市高中畢業(yè)班一模)Youimproveyourrobot?ssoftwarebyimprovingitssoftware.AgrimGuptaofStanfordUniversity,however,begstodiffer.Hethinksyoucanalsoimprovearobot?ssoftwarebyimprovingitshardware.Heandhiscolleagueshaveinventedawayoftestingthisidea.Theybroughttotheirrobots,unimals,theprinciplesofevolution(進(jìn)化)bynaturalselection.Unimals,withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs,aresoftwarebeingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywanderedwereinthreevarieties:flatgrounds,groundswithhillsandsteps,andonesthathadthecomplexitiesofthesecondsort,butwithaddedobjects.Tobeginwith,theunimalswererandomlyassignedvariousshapes,butwithidenticalsoftware—derl.Newlycreatedunimalslearnedtofacethechallengesinavirtualbootcamp.Theywerethenenteredintotournamentsingroups.Eachgroupwinnerwasawardedonemutation(變異)—oneextraarmorleg,oroneextraturninginajoint.Thenewreplacedtheoldestunimalandthenwasassignedtoanewgroup,andtheprocessrepeated.About4,000varietiesofthemunderwenttraining.Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.Crucially,though,theresearchersfoundthemostsuccessfulunimalslearnedtasksinhalfthetimetheiroldestancestorshadtaken,andthatthoseevolvinginthetoughestgroundswerethemostsuccessful.Inthisevolutionofunimals?morphology(形態(tài))topromotetheabilitytolearn,DrGuptaseesaversionofsomethingcalledtheBaldwineffect.In1896JamesBaldwin,apsychologist,arguedthatmindsevolvetomakethebestuseofthemorphologiesofthebodies.WhatDrGuptahasshown,thoughinsoftware,isthattheoppositecanalsobetrue—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.Eventhoughheheldthesoftwareconstant,itbecamemoreefficientatlearningastheunimals?bodiesevolved.Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredevelopedremainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout-of-the-boxidea.5．Howwasthetestconducted？________A．BypromotingUnimals?learning.B．Byadjustingtheenvironments.C．Byprovingtheevolutiontheory.D．BystimulatingUnimals?mutation.6．Whatturnedouttobesurprisinginthetest？________A．Thenumberoftrainedunimals.B．Thedeclineintimeforlearningtasks.C．Thevarietyofevolvedshapes.D．Thereplacementofoldunimals.7．Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetest？________A．Mindevolutionaffectsbodyshaping.B．Bodychangesbettermindwork.C．Hardwarechangesdonotimpactsoftware.D．Thediscoveryisusefulinrobotdevelopment.8．What?stheauthor?sattitudetothefinding？________A．Negative. B．Objective.C．Indifferent. D．Approving.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講了通過改進(jìn)機(jī)器人的軟件來改進(jìn)它的軟設(shè)備。然而，斯坦福大學(xué)的阿格里姆·古普塔卻不這么認(rèn)為。他認(rèn)為還可以通過改進(jìn)硬件來改進(jìn)機(jī)器人的軟件。他和他的同事們發(fā)明了一種方法來驗(yàn)證這個(gè)想法。5．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theybroughttotheirrobots,unimals,theprinciplesofevolution(進(jìn)化)bynaturalselection.Unimals,withglobesforheadsandsticksforarmsandlegs,aresoftwarebeingsinteractingwithavirtualenvironment.Theenvironmentswheretheywanderedwereinthreevarieties:flatgrounds,groundswithhillsandsteps,andonesthathadthecomplexitiesofthesecondsort,butwithaddedobjects.(他們給他們的機(jī)器人，unimals，帶來了自然選擇的進(jìn)化原則。unimals的頭是地球儀，四肢是棍子，它們是與虛擬環(huán)境互動(dòng)的軟件生物。它們漫游的環(huán)境有三種：平地，有山丘和臺(tái)階的地面，以及第二種復(fù)雜的環(huán)境，但添加了物品。)”可知，通過調(diào)整環(huán)境，來進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。故選B。6．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Theteamweresurprisedbythediversityofshapesthatevolved.(研究小組對進(jìn)化出的形狀的多樣性感到驚訝。)”可知，測試中令人驚訝的是進(jìn)化出的各種形狀。故選C。7．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“WhatDrGuptahasshown,thoughinsoftware,isthattheoppositecanalsobetrue—changesinbodymorphologycanimprovethewaymindswork.(古普塔博士的研究表明，盡管是在軟件上，相反的情況也可能是真的——身體形態(tài)的改變可以改善大腦的工作方式。)”可知，身體的變化使大腦工作得更好。故選B。8．B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whetherthatdiscoverycanbeturnedtoaccountinthewayrobotsaredevelopedremainstobeseen.Butthewayoftestingiscertainlyanout-of-the-boxidea.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)是否能在機(jī)器人的開發(fā)中發(fā)揮作用還有待觀察。但測試的方法確實(shí)是一個(gè)創(chuàng)新的想法。)”可知，作者對這一發(fā)現(xiàn)持客觀的態(tài)度。故選B。Ⅱ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2022·遼寧省遼南協(xié)作校高三第三次模擬)Believeitornot,challengingsomeofyourlimits,whichyouhavenevertried,__1__(help)youchangeforthebetter.Whenmeetingwithdifficultiesornewthings,don?tstepback.Rather,figureout__2__youarefrightenedofanddoit__3__(continuous).Ifyouareasalesman,afraidoftalkingtopeoplepersonallyoroverthephone,now,insteadof__4__(feel)scaredandconcernedaboutyourfailure,spendatleastfiveminutesadaytopickupthephoneandmakeacall.Althoughsomeonemayhanguponyou,don?tstopon__5__firsttry!Eventually,youcanlookatfearintheeyes,saying,“Goon,andIamnotscared！”Yourconfidencewillincreasesignificantlyinthisway.Recent__6__(survey)showthatstartingwithahobbyalsoencouragesustofacechallenges,likecooking,sewing,gardening,paintingandsoon.Whateveritis,__7__(believe)itisagoodchancetotrynewthings.Andthesehobbiesmayalsogiveyousomeextraincome,if__8__(carry)outwell.__9__isnodenyingthatmanyotherwayscanalsohelpyouacceptchallenges,likesettingasidefixedtimetoexerciseandtravellingwithfriendsoralone.Allinall,challengingyourselfcanmakeyou__10__(brave)andadapttosocietybetter.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述人們在接受新事物后，會(huì)給人帶來意想不到的效果，鼓勵(lì)人們放下包袱，挑戰(zhàn)自我。1．helps考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：信不信由你，挑戰(zhàn)你從沒有挑戰(zhàn)過的一些極限，會(huì)幫助你改變得更好。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要謂語動(dòng)詞，全文講述事實(shí)真理，所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。再結(jié)合動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Zchallenging，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，故填helps。2．what考查名詞性從句。句意：而是弄明白你所害怕之事并且繼續(xù)做它。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)從句中befrightenedof的賓語，表示“你害怕的事情”，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故填what。3．continuously考查副詞。句意：而是弄明白你所害怕之事并且繼續(xù)做它。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處修飾動(dòng)詞do，需用副詞來修飾作狀語，故填continuously。4．feeling考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你是一名推銷員，害怕與人面對面或通過電話交談，現(xiàn)在，不是害怕和擔(dān)憂你的失敗，而是要每天花5分鐘拿起電話來打。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要?jiǎng)用~來作介詞of的賓語，故填feeling。5．the考查冠詞。句意：即使有人掛你的電話，那么首次嘗試，也不要放棄。分析句子可知，first為序數(shù)詞，此處需要定冠詞，onthefirsttry第一次嘗試，故填the。6．surveys考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：最近的調(diào)查顯示開始一個(gè)愛好會(huì)有助于我們面對挑戰(zhàn)，像烹飪、縫紉、園藝、繪畫等。survey是可數(shù)名詞，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，謂語動(dòng)詞為show，此處需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式充當(dāng)句子主語，故填surveys。7．believe考查祈使句。句意：無論它是什么，相信這是一個(gè)嘗試新東西的機(jī)會(huì)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格前面為讓步狀語從句，后面的主句為祈使句，此處需要用動(dòng)詞原形開頭，故填believe。8．carried考查狀語從句的省略。句意：這些愛好會(huì)給你帶來額外的收入，如果被開展地順利的話。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是狀語從句的省略，動(dòng)詞carry與邏輯主語thesehobbies之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，完整形式為iftheyarecarriedoutwell，當(dāng)狀語從句主語和主句主語一致，且從句含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語和be動(dòng)詞省略，故填carried。9．There考查固定句式。句意：不可否認(rèn)還有很多其他的方法也能幫助你面對挑戰(zhàn)，像留出固定的時(shí)間鍛煉身體，與朋友或獨(dú)自旅行。Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否認(rèn)的是……，固定句型，首字母應(yīng)大寫。故填There。10．braver考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：總而言之，挑戰(zhàn)自己會(huì)使你更勇敢、更好地適應(yīng)社會(huì)。結(jié)合句意，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，還有句尾“better”的提示，此處需要形容詞的比較級(jí)，作賓語補(bǔ)足語，故填braver。Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作(滿分15分)(2022·河北省唐山市高考二模)你班將舉行以HowtoStayMotivatedinLearning為主題的英文演講比賽，請你寫一篇演講稿。注意：1．詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【范文】HowtoStayMotivatedinLearningStayingmotivatedcanhelpyoufocusontheworkinhandandachievesuccessinlearning.Herearesometipsthatwillhelpyoudojustthat.Firstly,setyourgoalsinlearningandworktowardsit.Secondly,beatthethingsthatslowyoudownsuchaspersonalproblems,procrastination,andlowconfidence.Insteadofaimingtoohigh,setrealisticexpectationsandlookforsmallimprovementsandsuccessesasyouworktowardsyourgoals.Finally,whenyouhavefinishedyourtasks,rewardyourself.Thiswillmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourlittlesuccessesandmotivateyoutokeepupwiththegoodwork.Hopethetipscanhelpyou.Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫(滿分25分)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。(2022·湖北省武昌區(qū)高三模擬預(yù)測)Itwasjustthethreeofus—myparentsandme.IalwaysfeltitapitythatIwouldneverhaveachancetoknowwhatgrandparents?“spoiling”lovewouldbelike.Mydadisatruckdriver,andwhenIwaslittle,hewasgonemostofthetime,deliveringwireandothersuppliesaroundtheMidwest.Mymomisadevotedteacher,alwaysbusyswitchingbetweenlookingafterheronlychildandhermanystudents.WelivedinasmallhouseinBrighton,Colorado,inaneighborhoodof1970soldhouses.Wemovedthereonmythirdbirthday.MyfirstmemoryisourneighborArlenehandingmestrawberriesfromhergardenthroughaholeinthechain-linkfence.Sheandherhusband,Bill,livednextdoor.Arlenespentalotoftimeworkinginthegarden,andIwasalwaystalkingtoherfromouryard.IthinkwhatdrewmetoArleneandBillisthattheynevergottiredoflisteningtome.IalsothinkArlenesawalotofherselfinme—wewerebothlonely,anxious—andthatmaybewhyshealwaystookthetimetolistentome.Billtoo.Itwasawonderfulconnection.Oneday,myparentsaskedBillandArlenewhetherthey?dwatchmewhiletheywentout.Thisworkedwellforeveryone,soitbecameasomewhatfrequentoccurrence.ArleneandBilldidn?thavekids.Theyhadaspareroomintheirhouse,whichbecame“my”room.Ihadboxesoftoysandbooksinthatroom.ArleneandIwoulddocraftstogether.Billtaughtmehowtorideabikeandlaterhowtoflyakite.Itwashiscompanythatmadefather?sconstantabsencenotsounbearable.WhenIwasaboutfive,Ihadanidea.MyparentswerewatchingTVwhenIspatitout,“WhatifIadoptedBillandArleneasmygrandparents？”注意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。MyparentssaidIcouldaskthemtomorrow._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________FromthedayIadoptedthem,IcalledBilland