高中英語被動語態(tài)

重點：1.謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)2.情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)3.感官動詞和使役動詞的被動語態(tài)4.用主動表示被動被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在時過去時將來時過去將來時一般式am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone進行式am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成式have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendone(一)語態(tài)分類1、主動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者

Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主動)2、被動語態(tài)：表示主語是動作的承受者

Anewbridge__________overtheriver.(被動)willbebuilt(二)被動語態(tài)常用的八種時態(tài)1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+過去分詞1）主動：Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

被動：Rice__________inthesouthofthecountry.2）主動：Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.

被動：We________________enterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.isgrownarenotallowedto2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+done

1）主動：Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth.

被動：Thebuildingofanewcarfactory________________lastmonth.2）主動：Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.

被動：Hislessons____________________________.wasagreedonwerenoteasilyforgotten3.一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：shall/will+be+done

1）主動：Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.

被動：Cars________________abroadbysea.

2）主動：Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.

被動：Plentyofjobs_________________school-leavers.willbesent

willbegivento4.現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+being+done1)主動：TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons.

被動：Englishlessons_____________________ontheradio.2)主動：Wearepaintingtherooms.

被動：Therooms____________________.

arebeingbroadcastedarebeingpainted5.過去進行時的被動語態(tài)：

was/were+being+done

1)主動：—Whydidn'ttheydrivethereontime?—Becausetheworkersweremendingtheroad.

被動：Becausetheroad______________________.

2)主動：Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

被動：Trees______________________herethistimelastyear.wasbeingmendedwerebeingplanted6.現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/has+been+done1)主動:Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetmightbeputoff.

被動:Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeet__________________.2)主動:Wehavebroughtdowntheprice.

被動:Theprice___________________________.mightbeputoffhasbeenbroughtdown三步驟：

1)先判斷時態(tài)（關(guān)鍵詞或語境）

2)再判斷語態(tài)（被動或主動）

3)最后注意細(xì)節(jié)（主謂一致）

關(guān)鍵詞：already,yet,just,often,recently,inthepastfewyears,sofar...常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語連用，或用“Howlong...?”句型中。1.Theimportantproblem______________(discuss)foraweek.這個重要的問題已經(jīng)被討論一周了。2.Awarbetweenthetwocountrieshas______brokenout.兩國間的戰(zhàn)爭已經(jīng)爆發(fā)了。3.Theplan_______________(discuss)fornearlytwohours.4.She_______________(nothear)fromsincethen.hasbeendiscussed

beenhasbeendiscussedhasnotbeenheardExercises:7.過去完成時：had+been+done

1)主動：WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.

被動：WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundthetickets_________________________________.

2)主動：

Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.

被動：He______________________tobeagreatleader.hadalreadybeensoldouthadbeenconsidered8.過去將來時：should/would+be+done1）主動：Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear.

被動：Themanagersaidtheproject_________________________bytheendoftheyear.2）主動：Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible.

被動：Theworkerstoldmethatthecar__________________assoonaspossible.wouldbecompletedwouldbemended

9.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)是由“情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。1）主動：Youmusthandinyourcompositionsafterclass.

被動：Yourcompositions_______________afterclass.2）主動：Hecanwriteagreatmanyletterswiththecomputer.

被動：Agreatmanyletters_____________withthecomputerbyhim.mustbehandedin

canbewritten1.Listen!Englishsongs______________(teach)bytheteacherintheclassroomnow.2.Thechild____________(take)tothehospitalbyhismothertomorrow.3.Thesportsmeeting_____________(putoff)becauseoftheheavyrain.4.Thepartyis____________________(hold)inthelecturehallthisevening.5.Food_________(serve)between12:00and14:00everyday.6.Whoeverbreaksthelaw_____________(punish).

arebeingtaughtwillbetakenhasbeenputoffExercisetobeheld/goingtobeheldisservedwillbepunished(三)語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換時要注意的問題1.把主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，其謂語動詞的時態(tài)要與原句時態(tài)保持一致，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與新主語保持一致。Wehaveboughtanewcomputer.Anewcomputerhasbeenbought.(正確)Anewcomputerhavebeenbought.(錯誤)2.由動詞+介詞或副詞構(gòu)成的短語動詞，要把它們作為整體看，即把它們看成一個及物動詞，介詞或副詞不可拆開或漏掉。這類動詞有：（1）不及物動詞+介詞，如:

agreeto,askfor,laughat,operatedon,listento,lookafter,thinkof,talkabout等。

Thepatientisbeingoperatedon.Theproblemissolved.Itneedn'tbetalkedabout.

（2）及物動詞+副詞：如：bringabout,carryout,findout,giveup,handin,makeout,passon,pointout,putaway,putoff,thinkover,turndown,workout,turnout等。

Hisrequestwasturneddown.Thesportsmeetwillbeputoffbecauseofthebadweather.3.在see,watch,hear,notice,listento,lookat,make,feel等動詞后作賓語補足語的動詞不定式都不帶to，但改成被動語態(tài)后都帶to。Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar.→Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar.

WeoftenseeHenryreadEnglishaloudinthemorning.→Henryisoftenseen________Englishaloudinthemorning.toread4、用主動表示被動:（1）need/require+doing=needtobedone①Yourroomrequirescleaning.Yourroomrequirestobecleaned.