卷一 2017年6月英語四級真題及答案

2017年6月英語四級真題及答案PartIWriting(25minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanadvertisementonyourcampuswebsitetosellacomputeryouusedatcollege.Youradvertisementmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactinformation.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandquestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestions,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to2arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Themaninthecarwasabsent-minded.B)Thetestdrivermadeawrongjudgement.C)Theself-drivingsystemwasfaulty.D)Thecarwasmovingatafastspeed.2.A)Theyhavedonebetterthanconventionalcars.B)Theyhavecausedseveralseverecrashes.C)Theyhaveposedathreattootherdrivers.D)Theyhavegenerallydonequitewell.Questions3to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.3.A)Heworksatanationalpark.B)Heisaqueenbeenspecialist.C)Heremovedthebeyondfromtheboot.D)Hedrovethebeesawayfromhiscar.4.A)Theywerelookingafterthequeen.B)Theyweremakingalotofnoise.C)Theywerelookingforanewboxtolivein.D)Theyweredancinginauniqueway.Questions5to7arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Thediscoveryofanewspeciesofsnake.B)Thesecondtriptoasmallremoteisland.C)Thefindingof2newspeciesoffrog.D)Thelatesttestonrareanimalspecies.6.A)Apoisonoussnakeattackedhimonhisfieldtrip.B)Hediscoveredararefogonadeserted.C)Asnakecrawledontohisheadinhissleep.D)Hefellfromatallpalmtreebyaccident.7.A)Fromitsgenes.B)Fromitslength.C)Fromitsorigin.D)Fromitscolour.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Thesecuritychecktakestime.B)Hehastocheckalotofluggage.C)Hisflightisleavinginlessthan2hours.D)Theairportisalongwayfromthehotel.9.A)Incash.B)Bycreditcard.C)Withatraveler’scheck.D)Withhissmartphone.10.A)Givehimareceipt.B)Confirmhisflight.C)Lookafterhisluggage.D)Findaporterforhim.11.A)SigningupformembershipofSHotel.B)Stayinginthesamehotelnexttimehecomes.C)Loadingherluggageontotheairportshuttle.D)Postingacommentonthehotel’swebpage.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Heistheonlyboyinhisfamily.B)Hebecomestearfulinwind.C)Hehasstoppedmakingterriblefaces.D)Heishisteacher'sfavoritestudent.13.A)Tellhimtoplayinherbackyard.B)Dosomethingfunnytoamusehim.C)Givehimsomecherrystonestoplaywith.D)Warnhimofdangerbymakingupastory.14.A)Theycouldbreakpp'slegs.B)Theycouldsometimesterrifyadults.C)Theycouldflyagainstastrongwind.D)Theycouldknockppunconscious.15.A)Onewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldaliedeliberately.B)Onewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhair.C)Onewouldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponupsidedown.D)Onewouldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstalebread.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassagesoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Everythingseemedtobechanging.B)Peoplewereformalanddisciplined.C)Peoplewereexcitedtogotravellingoverseas.D)ThingsfromtheVictorianeracamebackalive.17.A)WatchingTVathome. B)Meetingpeople.C)Drinkingcoffee. D)Tryingnewfoods.18.A)Hewasinterestedinstylishdresses.

B)Hewasabletotakealotofmoney.C)Hewasastudentinthe1960s.D)Hewasamanfullofimagination.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Theyavoidlookingatthem.B)Theyrunawayimmediately.C)Theyshowangerontheirfaces.D)Theymakethreateningsounds.20.A)Itturnstoitsownerforhelp.B)Itturnsawaytoavoidconflict.C)Itlooksawayandgetsangry,too.D)Itfocusesitseyesontheirmouths.21.A)Byobservingtheirfacialfeaturescarefully.B)Byfocusingonaparticularbodymovement.C)Bytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasawhole.D)Byinterpretingdifferentemotionsindifferentways.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Theyhavetolookforfoodandshelterunderground.B)Theytakelittlenoticeofthechangesintemperature.C)Theyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebittercold.D)Theyhavedifficultyadaptingtothechangedenvironment.23.A)Theyhavetheirweightreducedtominimum.B)Theyconsumetheenergystoredbeforethelongsleep.C)Theycanmaintaintheirheartbeatatthenormalrate.D)Theycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmandstable.24.A)Bystayinginhidingplacesandeatingverylittle.B)Byseekingfoodandshelterinpeople’shouses.C)Bygrowingthickerhairtostaywarm.D)Bystoringenoughfoodbeforehand.25.A)Tostaysafe. B)Tosaveenergy.C)Tokeepcompany. D)Toprotecttheyoung.PartⅢ ReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Themethodformakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops(啤酒花)，forexample,whichgivemanyamodembeeritsbitterflavor,area(26)_______recentadditiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirstmentionedinreferencetobrewingintheninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda(27)_______ingredientinresidue(殘留物）from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.WhilediggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers(28)_______theywereusedtobrew,filter,andstorebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest(29)_______ evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.To(30)_______thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried(31)_______insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley(大麥),andabout10%werebitsofroots,(32)_______lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn'tbecomea(33)_______foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingtotheresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave(34)_______intheregionnotasfood,butas(35)_______materialforbeerbrewing.ArrivedConsumingDirectExclusivelyIncludingInformRawReachedRelativelyRemainsResourcesStapleSuggestSurprisingTestSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheBlessingandCurseofthePeopleWhoNeverForgetAhandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail—andafteryearsofresearch,neuroscientists(神經(jīng)科學專家)arefinallybeginningtounderstandhowtheydoit.[A]Formostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpicturesofourlives.Asmuchaswewouldliketoclingontoourpast,eventhesaddestmomentscanbewashedawaywithtime.[B]AskNimaVeisehwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15years,however,andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathewaswearing,orevenwhatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourneytowork.“Mymemoryislikealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsofeverydayofmylifefromwakingtosleeping,”heexplains.[C]Veisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstartedrecording:15December2000,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend's16thbirthdayparty.Hehadalwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillofyoungloveseemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:fromnowon,hewouldstartrecordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Icouldtellyoueverythingabouteverydayafterthat.”[D]Needlesstosay,peoplelikeVeisehareofgreatinteresttoneuroscientistshopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlives.Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’sextraordinaryminds.Andsuchresearchmightevensuggestwaysforusalltoreliveourpastwithgreaterclarity.[E]“Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory”（orHSAMforshort)firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.EmailingtheneuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJimMcGaughoneday,sheclaimedthatshecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincetheageof12.Couldhehelpexplainherexperiences?[F]McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:hewouldgiveheradateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.Truetoherword,shewascorrectalmosteverytime.[G]Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makerstocometounderstandher“totalrecall”，andthanktothesubsequentmediainterest,afewdozenothersubjects(includingVeiseh)havesincecomeforwardandcontactedtheteamattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centred:althoughtheycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonalinformation,suchasrandom(任意選取的）listsofwords.Noraretheynecessarilybetteratrememberingaroundofdrinks,say.Andalthoughtheirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikelytosufferfrom“falsememories”.Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”memory—theirextraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthattherestofusrelyon.Thequestionis,how?[I]LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippirecentlystudiedaround20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighontwomeasures:fantasyproneness(傾向)andabsorption.Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereasabsorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefullyabsorbedinanactivitytopaycompleteattentiontothesensations(感受)andtheexperiences.“I’mextremelysensitivetosounds,smellsandvisualdetail,”explainsNicoleDonohue,whohastakenpartinmanyofthesestudies.“Idefinitelyfeelthingsmorestronglythantheaverageperson.”[J]Theabsorptionhelpsthemtoestablishstrongfoundationsforrecollection,saysPatihis,andthefantasypronenessmeansthattheyrevisitthosememoriesagainandagaininthecomingweeksandmonths.Eachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis“replayed”,itbecomesevenstronger.Insomeways,youprobablygothroughthatprocessafterabigeventlikeyourweddingday,butthedifferenceisthatthankstotheirotherpsychologicaltendencies,theHSAMsubjectsaredoingitdayin,dayout,forthewholeoftheirlives.[K]NoteveryonewithatendencytofantasisewilldevelopHSAM,though,soPatihissuggeststhatsomethingmusthavecausedthemtothinksomuchabouttheirpast.“Maybesomeexperienceintheirchildhoodmeantthattheybecameobsessed(著迷）withcalendarsandwhathappenedtothem,”saysPatihis.[L]ThepeoplewithHSAMI’veinterviewedwouldcertainlyagreethatitcanbeamixedblessing.Ontheplusside,itallowsyoutorelivethemosttransformativeandenrichingexperiences.Veiseh,forinstance,travelledalotinhisyouth.Inhissparetime,hevisitedthelocalartgalleries,andthepaintingsarenowlodgeddeepinhisautobiographicalmemories.[M]“Imaginebeingabletoremembereverypainting,oneverywall,ineverygalleryspace,betweennearly40countries，”hesays.“That’sabigeducationinartbyitself.”Withthiscomprehensiveknowledgeofthehistoryofart,hehassincebecomeaprofessionalpainter.[N]Donohue,nowahistoryteacher,agreesthatithelpedduringcertainpartsofhereducation.“IcandefinitelyrememberwhatIlearnedoncertaindaysatschool.Icouldimaginewhattheteacherwassayingorwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.”[O]NoteveryonewithHSAMhasexperiencedthesebenefits,however.Viewingthepastinhighdefinitioncanmakeitverydifficulttogetoverpainandregret.“Itcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassingmoments,”saysDonohue.“Youfeelthesameemotions—itisjustasraw,justasfresh...Youcan’tturnoffthatstreamofmemories,nomatterhowhardyoutry.”Veisehagrees.“Itislikehavingtheseopenwounds—theyarejustapartofyou,”hesays.[P]Thismeanstheyoftenhavetomakeaspecialefforttolaythepasttorest.Bill,forinstance,oftengetspainful“flashbacks”，inwhichunwantedmemoriesintrudeintohisconsciousness,butoverallhehaschosentoseeitasthebestwayofavoidingrepeatingthesamemistakes.“Somepeopleareabsorbedinthepastbutnotopentonewmemories,butthat’snotthecaseforme.Ilookforwardtoeachdayandexperiencingsomethingnew.”36.PeoplewithHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomestoimpersonalinformation.37.FantasypronenesswillnotnecessarilycausepeopletodevelopHSAM.38.Veisehbegantorememberthedetailsofhiseverydayexperiencesafterhemethisfirstyounglove.39.ManymorepeoplewithHSAMstartedtocontactresearchersduetothemassmedia.40.PeoplewithHSAMoftenhavetomakeeffortstoavoidfocusingonthepast.41.Mostpeopledonothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.42.HSAMcanbebothacurseandablessing.43.Ayoungwomansoughtexplanationfromabrainscientistwhenshenoticedherunusualmemory.44.SomepeoplewithHSAMfinditveryhardtogetridofunpleasantmemories.45.ArecentstudyofpeoplewithHSAMrevealsthattheyareliabletofantasyandfullabsorptioninanactivity.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thephrasealmostcompletesitself:midlifecrisis.It’sthestageinthemiddleofthejourneywhenpeoplefeelyouthvanishing,theirprospectsnarrowinganddeathapproaching.There’sonlyoneproblemwiththecliche(套話).Itisn’ttrue.“Infact,thereisalmostnohardevidenceformidlifecrisisotherthanafewsmallpilotstudiesconducteddecadesago,”BarbaraHagertywritesinhernewbook,LifeReimagined.Thevastbulkoftheresearchshowsthattheremaybeapause,orashiftingofgearsinthe40sor50s,butthisshift“canbeexciting,ratherthanterrifying”.BarbaraHagertylooksatsomeofthefeaturesofpeoplewhoturnmidlifeintoarebirth.Theybreakroutines,because“autopilotisdeath”.Theychoosepurposeoverhappiness一havingaclearsenseofpurposeevenreducestheriskofAlzheimer’sdisease.Theygiveprioritytorelationships,ascareersoftenrecede(逐漸淡化).LifeReimaginedpaintsapictureofmiddleagethatisfarfromgloomy.Midlifeseemslikethesecondbigphaseofdecision-making.Youridentityhasbeenformed;you’vebuiltupyourresources;andnowyouhavethechancetotakethebigriskspreciselybecauseyourfoundationisalreadysecure.KarlBarthdescribedmidlifepreciselythisway.Atmiddleage,hewrote,“thesowingisbehind;nowisthetimetoreap.Therunhasbeentaken;nowisthetimetoleap.Preparationhasbeenmade;nowisthetimefortheventureoftheworkitself.”Themiddle-agedperson,Barthcontinued,canseedeathinthedistance,butmoveswitha“measuredhaste”togetbignewthingsdonewhilethereisstilltime.WhatBarthwrotedecadesagoiseventruertoday.Peoplearehealthyandenergeticlonger.Wehavepresidentialcandidatesrunningfortheirfirstterminofficeatage68,69and74.Alongerlifespanischangingthenarrativestructureoflifeitself.Whatcouldhavebeenconsideredthebeginningofadescentisnowapotentialturningpoint—theturningpointyouaremostequippedtotakefulladvantageof.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthephrase“midlifecrisis”？A)Ithasledtoalotofdebate.B)Itiswidelyacknowledged.

C)Itisnolongerfashionable.D)Itmisrepresentsreallife.47.HowdoesBarbaraHagertyviewmidlife?A)Itmaybethebeginningofacrisis.B)Itcanbeanewphaseofone’slife.C)Itcanbeterrifyingfortheunprepared.D)Itmayseeold-agediseasesapproaching.48.HowismidlifepicturedinthebookLifeReimagined?A)Itcanbequiterose.B)Itcanbeburdensome.C)Itundergoesradicaltransformation.D)Itmakesforthebestpartofone’slife.49.AccordingtoKarlBarth,midlifeisthetime_______.A)torelax. B)tomature.C)toharvest. D)toreflect.50.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutmidlifetoday?A)Itismoremeaningfulthanotherstagesoflife.B)Itislikelytochangethenarrativeofone’slife,C)Itismoreimportanttothosewithalongerlifespan.D)Itislikelytobeacriticalturningpointinone’slife.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inspring,chickensstartlayingagain,bringingawelcomesourceofproteinatwinter’send.Soit’snosurprisethatculturesaroundtheworldcelebratespringbyhonoringtheegg.Sometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedintoGreekEasterbreads.Otherselevatetheeggintoafancyart,liketheheavilyjewel-covered“eggs”thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstartinginthe19thcentury.OneancientformofeggartcomestousfromUkraine.Forcenturies,Ukrainianshavebeendrawingcomplicatedpatternsoneggs.Contemporaryartistshavefollowedthistraditiontocreateeggsthatspeaktotheanxietiesofourage:Lifeisprecious,anddelicate.Eggsare,too.“There’ssomethingabouttheirdelicatenaturethatappealstome,”saysNewYorkercartoonistRozChast.Severalyearsago,shebecameinterestedineggsandlearnedthetraditionalUkrainiantechniquetodrawherverymodemcharacters.“I’vebrokeneggsateverystageoftheprocess—fromtheverybeginningtothevery,veryend.”Butthere’sanappealinthatvulnerability.“There’spartofthissickeninghorrorofknowingyou’rewalkingontheedgewiththis,thatIkindoflike,knowingthatitcouldallfallapartatanysecond.”Chast’sdesigns,suchasaworriedmanaloneinatinyrowboat,reflectthatdelicateness.TraditionalUkrainiandecoratedeggsalsospoketothosefears.Theelaboratepatternswerebelievedtoofferprotectionagainstevil.“There’sanancientlegendthataslongastheseeggsaremade,evilwillnotprevailintheworld,”saysJoanBrander,aCanadianegg-painterwhohasbeenpaintingeggsforover60years,havinglearnedtheartfromherUkrainianrelatives.Thetradition,datingbackto300B.C.,waslaterincorporatedintotheChristianchurch.Theoldsymbols,however,stillendure.Adecoratedeggwithabirdonit,giventoayoungmarriedcouple,isawishforchildren.Adecoratedeggthrownintothefieldwouldbeawishforagoodharvest.Whydopeopleinmanyculturesprizetheegg?A)Itisawelcomesignofthecomingofspring.B)Itistheirmajorsourceofproteininwinter.C)Itcaneasilybemadeintoaworkofart.D)Itcanbringwealthandhonortothem.52.Whatdowelearnaboutthedecorated“eggs”inRussia?A)Theyareshapedlikejewelcases.B)Theyarecherishedbytherich.C)Theyareheavilypaintedinred.D)Theyarefavoredasaformofart.53.Whyhavecontemporaryartistscontinuedtheeggarttradition?A)Eggsserveasanenduringsymbolofnewlife.B)Eggshaveanovalshapeappealingtoartists.C)Eggsreflecttheanxietiesofpeopletoday.D)Eggsprovideauniquesurfacetopainton.54.WhydoesChastenjoytheprocessofdecoratingeggs?A)Sheneverknowsiftheeggwillbreakbeforethedesigniscompleted.B)Shecanaddmultipledetailstothedesigntocommunicate