河南省平頂山市石龍區(qū)2023年考研《英語一》模擬試題含解析_第1頁
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河南省平頂山市石龍區(qū)2023年考研《英語一》模擬試題SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AyoungEnglishteachersavedthelivesof30studentswhenhetook1ofabusafteritsdriversufferedaseriousheartattack.GuyHarvold,24,had2thestudentsandthreecourseleadersfromGatwickairport,andtheyweretravellingtoBournemouthto3theirhostfamilies.Theyweregoingto4acourseattheABCLanguageSchoolinBournemouthwhereHarvoldworksasateacher.Harvold,whohasnot5hisdrivingtest,said,Iwasspeakingtothestudents6Irealizedthebuswasoutofcontrol.Thebusranintotreesatthesideoftheroadandhe7thedriverwasslumped(倒伏)overthe8.Thedriverdidn’t9.Hewasunconscious.ThebushitalamppostanditbroketheglassonthefrontdoorbeforeHarvold10tobringthebustoastop.Police11theyoungteacher’squickthinking.Ifhehadn’treacted12,therecouldhavebeenaterrible13.Thebusdriverneverregained14anddiedatEasySurreyHospital.Hehadworkedregularlywiththe15andwasverywellregardedbytheteachersandstudents.Harvoldsaid,Itwas16thatnooneelsewashurt,butIhopedthatthedriverwould17.TheheadofthelanguageschooltoldthelocalnewspaperthattheschoolisgoingtosendHarvoldonaweekend18toDublinwithafriend,thankinghimforhis19.Alocaldrivingschoolhasalsoofferedhimsix20drivinglessons.1、A.noticeB.careC.a(chǎn)dvantageD.control2、A.takenupB.takenoutC.pickedoutD.pickedup3、A.meetB.welcomeC.inviteD.greet4、A.presentB.introduceC.takeD.organize5、A.givenB.failedC.passedD.conducted6、A.whileB.whenC.a(chǎn)sD.before7、A.noticedB.learnedC.watchedD.doubted8、A.seatB.wheelC.doorD.window9、A.sleepB.cryC.moveD.speak10、A.a(chǎn)ttemptedB.triedC.intendedD.managed11、A.witnessedB.recordedC.praisedD.understood12、A.clearlyB.quicklyC.suddenlyD.gradually13、A.eventB.incidentC.experienceD.a(chǎn)ccident14、A.consciousnessB.cautionC.curiosityD.confidences15、A.a(chǎn)irportB.stationC.schoolD.police16、A.happyB.surprisingC.excitingD.fortunate17、A.retireB.surviveC.relaxD.recover18、A.tourB.programC.dinnerD.duty19、A.braveryB.skillC.qualityD.knowledge20、A.extraB.freeC.differentD.importantSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1YoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesdonothaveastrongunderstandingoftheworldandtheirplaceinit.TwoU.S.—basedgroups,theCouncilonForeignRelationsandtheNationalGeographic,Societycommissionedanonlinesurveyearlierthisyear.TheywantedtoknowwhatyoungpeopleeducatedinAmericancollegesknewaboutgeography,U.S.foreignpolicy,recentinternationalevents,andeconomics.Thesurveywasgiventoover1,200Americansbetweentheagesof18and26years.Allofthempresentlyattending,orhavingpreviouslygraduatedfrom,a2-or4-yearcollegeoruniversity.Theaveragetestscore,outof75totalpossibleanswers,was55percent.Thestudyidentifiesafewimportantproblems.Forexample,only30percentknewthattheonlypartoftheU.S.governmentthatcandeclarewarisCongress.Only60%ofthosetakingthesurveycouldidentifyBrazilonaworldmap.Partoftheproblem,arguetheorganizersofthesurvey,istheinternet.Theysayitisbecominghardertofindhigh-qualityinformationaboutworldeventsamongstallthefakenewsandtriviawhichswamptheweb.Forty-threepercentofthosequestionedsaidtheyreadaboutthenewsonFacebook.Anotherproblemisthatmostcollegecoursesdonotrequirestudentstolearnaboutinternationalissues.Ifsuchinformationisnotrequired,RichardHaassfromtheCouncilonForeignRelationssaid,thentheUnitedStatescouldhaveleaderslikeGaryJohnson.HewasarecentpresidentialcandidatewhodidnotknowabouttheSyriancityofAleppowhenareporteraskedhimaboutit.Thesurveyresultswerenotallbad.Theyoungpeoplealsodemonstratedagoodunderstandingofclimatechangeandrenewableenergy.Andthemajorityofthemsaidthatinternationalissueswerebecomingmoreimportanttothem.Haasssaysthesefindingssuggesttheneedtofindwastogetgoodinformationtostudents,bothinschoolandonline.Tohelp,theCouncilonForeignRelationsiscreatinganewprogramcalledCFRCampus,designedtohelpbuildknowledgeaboutglobalissues.1、Whatcanwelearnaboutthesurvey?A.AlltheparticipantswererecentuniversitygraduatesB.ItwasanonlinesurveyconductedbytwoUSuniversitiesC.ItsaimistofigureoutwhattheyoungpeopleknowaboutAmericaD.Itwasgiventoover1,200Americanpeopleagedfrom18to262、What’sonereasonsurveyorganizersgiveforyoungpeople’slackofknowledge?A.YoungpeopleareunwillingtotravelabroadB.ThesourcesfromwhichtheygettheirinformationC.TheUSuniversitysystemisofpoorqualityD.Theirlackofinterestinknowingmoreabouttheworld3、Accordingtothesurvey,whattopicdidtheyoungAmericansunderstandbest?A.EnvironmentalmattersB.GeographicinformationC.ForeignrelationsD.Governmentorganizations4、Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercouldwefindthisarticle?A.EconomicsB.EntertainmentC.PoliticsD.EducationText2Beforeyouwalkeddowntheaisle—ifyouevendid---didyoufirstagreetotakeyourpartner’sname?hadyouagreedtothebankforupdatedcreditcards,changedyouremailaddress,andupdatedyourFacebook?Ididn't;andIknowplentyofwomenouttheredidn't,either.SoIwasprettyshockedtolearnthatinarecentsurvey,over50percentofU.S.citizensbelieveawifeshouldtakeherhusband'sname—andsheshouldberequiredtodosobylaw.AuthorEmilySchafer,asociologyprofessoratPortlandStateUniversity,surveyedarepresentativenationalsampleof1,200peopletarthestudy,whichfoundthatalargernumberofAmericanadultsthinkthereneedstoactuallybealawinplacetopreventwomenfromkeepingtheirownname.Themostcommonreasongiven?Thegeneralbeliefisthatwomenshouldprioritize(優(yōu)先)theirmarriageandtheirfamilyaheadofthemselves.Tothis,IadmitI'mabitconfused,becauseIdon'tunderstandhowexactlyriottakingyourhusband’slastnamemeansyouaren'tprioritizingyourmarriage.Now,Ididn'ttakemyhusband'snameforavarietyofreasons:Ididn’tfeellikethenamewas"mine"andprofessionallyIhadbuiltupareputationasawriterundermymaiden(未婚的)name,soIdidn'twanttolosethat.Hissurnamewasn'teasytospell,either;everyonegetsitwrong(includingmymother—still—andwe'vebeenmarried13years).Butmostofall,Ifeltlikeintakingmyhusband'slastname,Iwaslosingahugesenseofself.Andwhileyes,weareafamily,Idon'twanthissurnametodefineme.I'mnothispossession.Justlikeeveryaspectofmotherhood,eachwomanshouldberespectedforthechoicesshemakes—withouthavingtodoanythingbylaw.AndweshouldallbegratefultoLucyStone—thefirstAmericanwomantolegallymaintainherlastnameaftermarriagein1856.Justimaginehowdifficultthatmusthavebeentoforegotraditioninthattime?1、Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetraditionoftakingahusband'snamefromthesurvey?A.Alawshouldbetheretobreakthetradition.B.ThemajorityofAmericanadultssupportthetradition.C.ThemajorityofAmericanwomengoagainstthetradition.D.Thelawrequireswivestotaketheirhusbands'namesinAmerica.2、WhydoesanAmericanwomangenerallytakeherhusband'sname?A.Tovaluehermarriageandfamily.B.Toshowhonestytoherhusband.C.Tojoininthefamilyofherhusband.D.Touniteanewfamilyunderthesamename.3、WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.Whytheauthordidn'tuseherhusband'sname.B.Whytheauthor'smotherdidn'tlikeherhusband.C.Howworthytheauthor'sownmaidennamewas.D.Howboredtheauthorbecamewithherhusband'sname.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthetradition?A.It'sreasonableB.Itisn’tworthcaringC.EverycoinhastwosidesD.It'soutofdateandconfusing.Text3Whensomethinggoeswrong,itcanbeverysatisfyingtosay,“Well,it’sso-and-so’sfault.”or“IknowI’mlate,butit'snotmyfault;thecarbrokedown.”Itisprobablynotyourfault,butonceyouformthehabitofblamingsomebodyorsomethingelseforabadsituation,youarealoser.Youhavenopowerandcoulddonothingthathelpschangethesituation.However,youcanhavegreatpoweroverwhathappenstoyouifyoustopfocusingonwhomtoblameandstartfocusingonhowtoremedythesituation.Thisisthewinner'skeytosuccess.Winnersaregreatatovercomingproblems.Forexample,ifyouwerelatebecauseyourcarbrokedown,maybeyouneedtohaveyourcarexaminedmoreregularly.Or,youmightstarttocarryalongwithyoutheusefulphonenumbers,soyoucouldcallforhelpwheninneed.Foranotherexample,ifyourcolleaguecausesyouproblemsonthejobforlackofresponsibilityorability,findwaysofdealingwithhisirresponsibilityorinabilityratherthansimplyblametheperson.Asktoworkwithadifferentperson,ordon’trelyontheperson.Youshouldacceptthatthepersonisnotreliableandfindcreativewaystoworksuccessfullyregardlessofhowyourcolleaguefailstodohisjobwell.Thisiswhatbeingawinnerisallabout—creativelyusingyourskillsandtalentssothatyouaresuccessfulnomatterwhathappens.Winnersdon'thavefewerproblemsintheirlives;theyhavejustasmanydifficultsituationstofaceasanybodyelse.Theyarejustbetteratseeingthoseproblemsaschallengesandopportunitiestodeveloptheirowntalents.So,stopfocusingon“whosefaultitis”.Onceyouareconfidentaboutyourpoweroverbadsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstoponforsuccess.1、Accordingtothepassage,winners________.A.dealwithproblemsratherthanblameothersB.meetwithfewerdifficultiesintheirlivesC.haveresponsibleandablecolleaguesD.blamethemselvesratherthatothers2、Theunderlinedword“remedy”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________.A.a(chǎn)void B.a(chǎn)cceptC.improve D.consider3、Whenyourcolleaguebringsaboutaproblem,youshould________.A.findabetterwaytohandletheproblemB.blamehimforhislackofresponsibilityC.tellhimtofindthecauseoftheproblemD.a(chǎn)skamoreablecolleagueforhelp4、Whenproblemsoccur,winnerstakethemas________.A.excusesfortheirfailuresB.barrierstogreaterpowerC.challengestotheircolleaguesD.chancesforself-developmentText4ItisquiteapparentthatcompetitionsurroundseveryaspectofhumanlifewhetherintheUnitedStatesortheAmazonrainforest.Withoutitwewouldnothavegrownintoprimates(靈長類動物).Orwewouldprobablystillbestrugglingtosharpenabronzetoolwhilecrawlingaroundonfourlegsinsearchofmeat.Withoutcompetition,Columbuswouldn’thavediscoveredAmericaandEdisonwouldneverhaveinventedthelightbulb.Friendship,likeallrelationshipsbetweentwopeople,involvescompetition.Itisn’tcompetitioninatraditionalsensebecausetherearenogoalstobescoredandnoprize.Perhapstheecologicaldefinition---thesimultaneous(同時)demandbytwoormoreorganismsforlimitedenvironmentalresources,suchasnutrinents,livingspace,orlight---betterexplainsit.Asinnature,highschoollifeisgovernedbyasetoflaws,similartoashortenedversionofDarwin’stheoryofevolution,overpopulation,andcompetition.Thereisanabundanceofhighschoolstudentsandtodistinguishthem,rankingandcategorizing(分類)takeplace.Inhighschool,friendshipslearntocoexistwithcompetitioneventhoughattimestherelationshipisrough.Infact,insomecircumstance,competitionistoomuchofaburdenforafriendshiptobear,causingittofallapart.Collegeadmissionisthefinalhighschoolobjective.Fouryearsofhardworkistoachievegoodgrades,andastudent’sfateisdeterminednotonlybytheseachievements,butbytherecordsofthousandsofotherseniorstryingtoachieveasimilarrecognition.Nevertheless,bynecessity,competitionbetweenstudentsexistsinallaspectsofhighschoollife.Itsetsandimprovesthestandardsineverythingfromsportstoschoolwork.Ahealthy,friendlycompetitioncanhaveonlybenefits,butwhenitbecomestoofierce,jealousy(妒忌)cantearfriendshipsapart.Yet,despiteallthis,withoutcompetition,wewouldbelost.1、Whatdoestheecologicaldefinitionmainlyexplain?A.Howtowinthecompetition.B.Whatcompetitionexactlyis.C.Whattheresultofcompetitionis.D.Howfriendscompetewitheachother.2、Accordingtothewriter,whatcausesthehighschoolstudentstocompete?A.Theyknowthelawsofnaturewell.B.Friendshipisaburdenforthem.C.Thenumberofthemistoolarge.D.Theyaredividedintodifferentgroups.3、Whichbestdescribestherelationshipoffriendshipandcompetition?A.Friendshipisalwaysbasedoncompetition.B.Competitionisaresultoflostfriendship.C.Competitionisterriblyharmfultofriendships.D.Thedegreeofcompetitionisvitaltofriendship.4、Whatdoestheauthorthinkof“competition”?A.Competitioniscertaintohappenatschool.B.Theresultofcompetitionareoutofcontrol.C.Competitionbecomesfierceinhighschool.D.Friendshipisnotasimportantascompetitionatschool.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)PerformersfromSouth-eastAsiatookpartinanInternationalliondancecompetitioninSingaporeaheadofthelunarNewYear,1.mostimportantholidayintheChinesecalendar.Theparticipantsatthe11thInternationalLionDanceCompetition2.(come)fromVietnam,Singapore,Myanmar,Indonesia,HongKongChinaandMalaysia.Theywerejudgedaccordingtotheirskills,graceandmusic.Thisyear’s3.(win)wasateamfromHongKongChina.“Liondancingisa4.(fade)traditionasweareseeinglessinterestamongtheyoungpeople,whoaremoreinterested5.spendingtimeontheirelectronicdevicesindoors,”saidJosephLow,theheadjudge.Thetraditionaldanceincludesperformers6.(dress)inalion’scostumeandmimicking(模仿)theanimal’smovements.Theliondanceisbelievedtobringgoodfortune.Usually,theliondance7.(perform)duringtheChineseNewYearandotherChinesetraditionalfestivals.Itmayalsobeperformedatimportantoccasionssuchasbusinessopeningevents,specialcelebrationsorwedding8.(ceremony).TherearetwomainformsoftheChineseliondance,theNorthernLionandtheSouthernLion.Bothformsare9.(common)foundinChina,butaroundtheworldespeciallyinSouth-eastAsia,theSouthernLionismorecommonasitisspreadbytheChinesecommunities10.a(chǎn)remostlyofSouthernChineseorigin.WhenHarmonyOS,theChineseself-developedoperatingsystemforHuaweimobiledevices,1.(release)onAug9,itquicklybecameahottopiconsocialmediaManybelieveitnotonlyrepresentstheriseofthecountry2.a(chǎn)techpower,butalsoshowsrespectforclassicalChinesecultureby3.(name)thesystem“Hongmeng”inChineseBesides“Hongmeng;Huaweihasalsoregisteredmanyofits4.(product)underthenamesoflegendarycreaturesfromChinesemythologyForexample,thecompany’sserverchipiscalled"Kunpeng",amythicalcreature5.changedfromafishintoagiantbirdInfact,Huaweiisnotaloneinusing6.(tradition)cultureformodementerprises7.(base)onthewell-knownworkofclassicalChinesemythologyTheInvestitureoftheGods,NeZhaisshownasarebelliousunderdog,whohastoovercomehardshipandhisdarkfatetobecomeahero,8.(like)hisattractiveheroiccharacterinpreviouscinematicworksAsGlobalTimesput9.,"ancientmythologyhasthepowertostimulatecontemporaryimaginationinyoungpeople"Afterall,imaginationis10.beginningofcreationSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HowtoWorkFasterandSmarterAstheoldsayinggoes“worksmarter,notharder”.Whatdoesthatreallymean?Whentherearedeadlinesapproaching,howdoyoustayfocusedandgeteverythingdoneefficiently?1、.butitisunclearwheretostartandwhentotakeabreak.Thesewayswillhelpyoutoworkfasterandsmarter.Don’tmulti-taskThereisawrongopinionthatdoingmanythingsatonceisproductive.Instead,itleavesyouhalf-focusedandconstantlyswitchingattention.2、.Setatimer,andfocusonthatonetaskuntilitiscompleted.Then,takeabreakandmoveon.3、Whatsomeoneelsethinksisurgentcancreateasenseofpeople’spanic.Ifyouknowitisnotimportant,dowhatisthemostimportantfirstinstead.Youknowbesthowtosetyourprioritiesandgetyourworkdone.Solistentoyourself.CelebratethelittlevictoriesProjectstakemanystepsuntilcompletion.4、.Ratherthanbeatingyourselfupforwhatyouhaven’tdoneyet,takingtimetopatyourselfonthebackcangiveyoutheconfidencetoseeitthroughtotheend.Stopsaying“I’msobusy”Itiscomplaining,andcomplainingonlymakesyouandeveryonearoundyoufeelworse.5、Thiswillencourageyoutokeepgoing.A.TakebreaksB.SometimesweknowwhattodoC.Urgentdoesn’tnecessarilymeanimportantD.YouareonyourwayifyouaretakingactionE.YoumayhaveasensethatnothinggetscompletethiswayF.Insteadofit,say“Ihavealreadycomesomuchclosertomygoal”G.Breakdownyourprojectintothesesteps,andthenhaveahappy

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