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成都市新津縣2023年考研《英語一》考前沖刺試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AmanandhiswifearrivedinBostonbytrain.Aftergettingoffthetrain,theywalkedwithoutan1intotheouterofficeofHarvard’spresident.Sotheywerestoppedbyhissecretaryandkept2.Forhours,thesecretarytooknonoticeofthem,3thatthecouplewouldfinallybecomedisappointedand4.Buttheydidn’t.Thesecretaryfinallydecidedtodisturbthepresident,though5.Afewminuteslater,thepresidentwalkedtowardsthecouplewitha6face.Theladytoldhim,“Wehadasonthat7Harvardforoneyear.HelovedHarvard.Hewas8here.Butaboutayearago,hewasaccidentallykilled.MyhusbandandIwouldliketo9(紀念物)tohim,somewhereoncampus.”Thepresidentwasn’tmoved.Instead,hewas10.“Madam,”hesaid,“wecan’tputupastatueforeverypersonwhostudiedatHarvardanddied.Ifwedid,thisplacewouldlooklikea11,”“Oh,no,”thelady12quickly.“Wedon’twanttoputupastatue.Wewouldliketogivea13toHarvard.”Thepresidentrolledhiseyesand14atthecoupleandthenexclaimed,”Abuilding!Doyouhaveany15howmuchabuildingcosts?Wehavespentover$7,500,000onthecampusbuildingatHarvard.”Foramomenttheladywassilent.Thepresidentwas16,becausehecouldgetridofthemnow.Thentheladyturnedtoherhusbandandsaidquietly,“Isthatallitcoststostarta17?Whydon’twejuststartourown?”Herhusbandnodded.18theirofferwasturneddown.Mr.andMrs.StanfordtraveledtoCaliforniawheretheyfoundedStanfordUniversity19afterthem,amemorialtoasonthatHarvardnolonger20about.1、A.choiceB.decisionC.acquaintanceD.appointment2、A.waitingB.standingC.sittingD.talking3、A.hopingB.findingC.realizingD.imagining4、A.godownB.gooutC.goawayD.goaround5、A.hopelesslyB.carefullyC.unexpectedlyD.unwillingly6、A.pleasantB.funnyC.coldD.sad7、A.attendedB.visitedC.studiedD.served8、A.cleverB.braveC.proudD.happy9、A.setaboutB.setupC.setdownD.setoff10、A.satisfiedB.excitedC.shockedD.ashamed11、A.parkB.cemeteryC.gardenD.museum12、A.explainedB.expressedC.refusedD.admitted13、A.buildingB.yardC.playgroundD.square14、A.laughedB.shoutedC.glancedD.called15、A.suggestionB.ideaC.thoughtD.opinion16、A.boredB.astonishedC.interestedD.pleased17、A.departmentB.universityC.businessD.club18、A.OnceB.WhileC.SinceD.Though19、A.namedB.lookedC.takenD.followed20、A.talkedB.knewC.heardD.caredSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Rome,ParisandNewYorkaretheworld’stopfashioncities,allofwhichhaveproducedsomeofthetoptrends,fromfashionableskirtstothehottestnewshoes.Buthaveyoueverwonderedaboutthenegativeideasthattheyhaveenforced?InApril2016,theAdvertisingStandardsAuthority(ASA)inBritainbannedanadfromGuccithatfeaturedmodelsdancingaroundandhavingfun,becausetheywereallextremelyskinny.Banningadsduetothemodels’extremefiguresisn’tnew.TheASAbannedanadin2015forthesamereason.InFrance,ithasbeenruledthatmodelsaretoprovideadoctor’snoprovidingthattheyareatahealthyweight.Sowhatisthehealthyweightformodels?Twentyyearsago,theaveragefashionmodelweighed8%lessthantheaveragewoman.Today,theyweigh23less.Peoplemaythinkthatbeingatanunhealthyweightwillhelpthemgainthebenefitsthatthemodelsdo.Thisprovidesastandardofbeauty,andthereforepeoplewhowanttoachievethosethingsmayattempttoobtainthemthroughunhealthyways.Peoplemaythinkthattheyareoverweight,duetotheimagesofmodels’thinfigures.Theyseesomethingwrongwiththeirbodieswhethertheyareoverweightornot.Thisisakeyfactorinaloweredbodyimage,lowself-esteem,depressionandpossiblyeveneatingdisorders.I’mnotblamingthefashionindustrybyanymeans.It’snottheirfaultthatmanypeoplelookuptothemodelsandexpecttolivealifeliketheirs.IamgladthattheASAisraisingitsvoiceswhendiscussingthegrowingissueofbodyimagesinthefashionindustry.Bybanningphotosandvideos,speakingoutagainstthemandpushingfordoctor’snotesfromthemodels,it’spushingfortheideasthatthetraditionalfashionindustry’sbodyimagedemandsshouldbechangedandsomethingmoreneedstobequestioned.1、Accordingtothetext,whywasoneofGucci’sadsbanned?A.Becausethemodelsdidn’tactaccordingtotheruleB.Becauseitsmodelsaremuchtoothin.C.Becausenoneofitsmodelshadadoctor’snoteD.Becauseitsmodelsweredancinginanunhealthyway2、Wecaninferfromthenumbersmentionedinparagraph3that.A.manywomenonadiettobecomemodelsB.peopledon’tknowwhymodelsweighlessC.modelsarebecomingthinnerwithtimegoingbyD.thehealthyweightformodelshasn’tbeendecided.3、Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlyshow?A.ThechangesinthestandardofbeautyB.Thebenefitsofbecomingthinfigures.C.ThenegativeeffectsofmodelsimagesD.people’sattitudestowardsmodels’images4、Whatistheauthor’stoneofwritingthispassage?A.ObjectiveB.Hopeful.C.Critical.D.Humorous.Text2Thatoldsaying“Neversaynever”cametomindwhenIreadthatHarperLee,theauthorofthebeloved,PulitzerPrize-winningnovel,ToKillaMockingbird,hasanewbookcomingoutinJuly,2015—55yearsafterMockingbirdwaspublished!TheveryprivateMs.Leehadneverfollowedupherhighlypraisedfirstbook,withasecondnovel.Instead,she’sfollowingitupwithafirstnovel.Confused?SowasI!Allowmetoexplain.GoSetaWatchman,wasactuallywrittenbeforethatclassicvolume.Inthemid-1950s,LeehadcompletedWatchman,whichfeaturesScoutFinchasayoungwomanfromAlabamalivinginNewYork.ThestoryfollowsScoutasshereturnstovisitherfather,Atticus,thelawyerwhofoughtracialinjusticeinMockingbird.ButasLeeherselfputitinarecentannouncementthroughherpublisher,“myeditor,whowastakenbytheflashback(倒敘)toScout’schildhood,persuadedmetowriteanovelfromthepointofviewoftheyoungScout.Iwasafirst-timewriter,soIdidasIwastold.”Thatbookwas,ofcourse,ToKillaMockingbird,andafteritwasreleasedtogreatpraise,LeeneverreturnedtoGoSetaWatchman.Infact,thatearlierworkwasconsideredlostuntilLee’slawyerfoundamanuscript(手稿)ofit.“AftermuchthoughtandhesitationIconsidereditworthyofpublication.”saidLee.“Iamamazedthatthiswillnowbepublishedafteralltheseyears.”SothebookthatgavebirthtoToKillaMockingbirdwillnowserveasitssequel(續(xù)集).It’ssafetosaythat,decadesafterthepublicationofMockingbird,millionsofreaderswhoweresotouchedbyMs.Lee’ssecondnovelwillbecountingthedaysuntilthereleaseofherfirstone.1、WhenwasMockingbirdpublishedaccordingtothetext?A.In1950.B.In1960.C.In1970.D.In1980.2、WhatcanweknowaboutthebookofWatchman?A.Atticusfoundamanuscriptofthewriter.B.Atticuswasalawyerfightingracialinjustice.C.ScoutFinchgottoAlabamatoseeAtticus.D.ScoutFinchlostoneofAtticus’manuscripts.3、Whatdoes“thebook”inthefourthparagraphrefertointhewriter’sopinion?A.ToKillaMockingbird.B.GoSetaWatchman.C.Theclassicvolume.D.Ms.Lee’ssecondnovel.4、Thetextmainlytalksabout.A.whyMs.Lee’sfirstnovelwillbecomehersecondoneB.howMs.Lee’sfirstnoveldiffersfromhersecondoneC.whenGoSetaWatchmanwasactuallywrittenD.whatMs.Lee’stwogreatnovelsreallydealwithText3Expertssaythereareabout6,500languagesspokenthroughouttheworld.ButtheUnitedNationsguessesthatabouthalfoftheselanguagesareindangerofdisappearing.OneorganizationseekingtosaveworldlanguagesisWikitongues.Ithasasimplegoal:toprovidethetoolsandsupportthatpeopleneedtosavetheirlanguages.Whenalanguagedisappears,manyotherthingscangoawayaswell.Forexample,partsofacommunity's(社區(qū)的)culture.knowledgeandidentitycanalsobelost.Becauseofthis,Udell.co-founderofWikitongues.believestheprocessofbringinglanguageshackmustbedonebycommunitymembersthemselves.hesaid."Thereisnowayanoutsideorganizationcansavesomeone'slanguageforthem.”Wikitongueswasstartedin2016asanopenInternetcollectionofworldlanguages.Theself-described"community"isoperatedbyvolunteersfromaroundtheworld.ThecollectionisintheformoflanguagevideosthatpeoplespeakingthelanguagesaddtotheWikitongueswebsite.Udellsayssavinglanguagesdoescount.Therearemanyexamplesoflanguagesthatdisappearedbutlaterreturnedtouse."Hebrewwentextinct(滅絕的)inthe4thcenturyBC,andwasrevived(復興)inthe1800s.Nowonceagain,it'sthemothertongueofhalfoftheworld'sJewishpopulation.”AnotherexampleisaNativeAmericantribe.Thetribe'slanguagewentextinctinthe1940s.Butthetribewasabletosuccessfullybuildupa"languagerecovery"inrecentyears.OneofWikitongues'volunteersisTheronKolokwe.wholivesinNamibia.HisnativelanguageisSubiya.whichisspokenbyabout30.000people."Iwanttheworldtoknowaboutmylanguage,”Kolokwesaid.Buthisgoalgoesbeyondjustsharinghislanguagewithothersthroughvideo.Heisalsoworkingtocreateadictionaryandlanguageteachingmaterialsthatcanbeusedinschools.1、WhatdoesUdellconsiderimportantinsavinglanguages?A.Gatheringlanguageinformation. B.Relyingonthelanguagespeakers.C.Settingupanoutsideorganization. D.Combininglanguageswithculture.2、HowdoesWikitongueshelpsavelanguages?A.Bygettinglanguagevideosfromitsspeakerscollected.B.Bybuildinganonlinedictionaryforeachlanguage.C.Bycreatingareal-lifecommunityforitsspeakers.D.Byrequiringvolunteerstolearnnewlanguages.3、Whatdotheexamplesinparagraph5suggest?A.TheachievementsofWikitongues. B.Theinfluencesoflanguagesonlife.C.Thesignificanceofsavinglanguages. D.Thedifficultywithlanguagerecovery.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WikitonguesIsStrugglingtoSpreadLanguagesB.WikitonguesStartsaLanguageLearningWebsiteC.WikitonguesIsBringingOldLanguagesBacktoLifeD.WikitonguesSeekstoSaveWorld'sDyingLanguagesText4In1874FrancisGalton,aBritishprofessor,analysedasampleofEnglishscientistsandfoundthevastmajoritytobefirst-bornsons.Thisledhimtotheorisethatfirst-bornchildrenenjoyedaspeciallevelofattentionfromtheirparentsthatallowedthemtoadvanceintellectually.HalfacenturylaterAlfredAdler,anAustrianpsychologist,madeasimilarargumentrelatingtopersonality.First-bornchildren,hesuggested,weremorediligent,whilethelater-bornweremoreoutgoingandemotionallystable.Manysubsequentstudieshaveexploredtheseideas,buttheirfindingshavebeenvaried-somesupportingandsomerejectingtheoriginalconclusions.Themainproblemwiththepreviousstudiesisthattheyweretoosmall-oftenlimitedtoafewdozenindividuals.Thiswouldbetrueevenifthestatisticalmethodsneededtoanalysethedataweresimple,buttheyarenot.Distinguishingbirth-ordereffectsfromthosecausedbyfamilysizecomplicatesmatters,meaningstillbiggersamplesmustbeanalysedtoobtainmeaningfulresults.Toovercomethelimitationoftheseearlierstudies,GermansocialscientistDr.HelmetSchmukleandhiscolleaguesanalysedthreehugesetsofdatafromAmerica,BritainandGermany.Thesedatasets,thoughcollectedforotherpurposes,includedpersonalityandintelligencetestson20,186peopleatdifferentstagesoftheirlives.TheAmericantestswereonindividualsagedbetween29and35.TheBritishtestswereconductedon50-year-olds.TheGermantestsranthewholespanofadultlife,from18to98.Birthorder,theyfound,hadnoeffectonpersonality:first-bornswerenomore,norless,likelythantheiryoungersiblingstobehardworking,outgoingoranxious.Butitdidaffectintelligence.Inafamilywithtwochildren,thefirstchildwasmoreintelligentthanthesecond60%ofthetime,ratherthanthe50%thatwouldbeexpectedbychance.Onaverage,thistranslatedtoadifferenceof1.5IQpointsbetweenfirstandsecondsiblings.Thatfigureagreeswithpreviousstudies,andthuslooksconfirmed.Itis,nevertheless,quiteasmalldifference-andwhetheritisenoughtoaccountforGalton'soriginalobservationisunclear.Inanyevent,itiscertainlynotdeterministic.Galtonwastheyoungestofnine.1、AlfredAdlerconcludedthatfirst-bornchildrenwere________.A.morestableB.moresociableC.moreintelligentD.morehardworking2、Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph2referto?A.Thedata.B.Theanalyses.C.Thepreviousstudies.D.Thestatisticalmethods.3、WhywasSchmukle'sstudyconsideredsuperiortopreviousresearch?A.Itinvolvedawideragerange.B.Ithadamuchlargersamplesize.C.Itincludedalargernumberofcountries.D.Itwasconductedoveralongerperiodoftime.4、WhydoestheauthormentionGalton'sfamilybackgroundinthelastparagraph?A.ToconfirmGalton'sdifficultupbringing.B.TosuggestGalton'stheorymaynotbecorrect.C.TocomparehisexperiencewithGalton'sparents.D.ToexplainwhyGaltonwasinterestedinbirthorder.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThelionisaspecialanimaltoChinesepeopleApairofstonelions,amaleandafemale,are1.(common)seeninfrontofthegatesoftraditionalbuildingsThelion2.(regard)asthekingintheanimalworldsoitrepresentspowerThestonelionsarealsousedtoindicatetheranksof3.(official)ItisinterestingtonotethatChinahadnolionsoriginallyTheearlieststonelionsweresculpted4.thebeginningofEasternHanDynasty(25~220AD)with5.introductionofBuddhismintoancientChinaIntheBuddhistfaith,thelion,6.canprotecttheTruthandkeepoffevils,isconsideredaholyanimalofnoblenessanddignityInChinesefolktales,thelionhasbecomeasymbolof7.(brave),powerandgoodluckItwasalsopopular8.(decorate)bridgeswithsculptedstonelionsforthesamereasonThe9.(well)knownofthisistheLugouqiao(alsoasMarcoPoloBridge),10.(build)from1189to11.Afamousproverbsays,“ThelionsontheLugouqiaoareuncountable”MrSmithoffersussomeadviceonhowtowriteagoodcomposition,whichi1.thefollowingstepsFirstly,weshouldreadthetopicc2.andorganizeourideasThenwestarttoshapeourthoughts3.ourownwordandfinishourwritingintheg4.timeAfterthat,wehavetocheckourcompositions,payingattentionto5.(語法)andspellingItisveryimportanttoreadthemaloudto6.(自己)orsomeoneelseform7.toendLastly,wehadbetteraskourteachersorclassmatesforadviceonhowtoimproveourwritingIf8.(可能),wemayleavethemaloneforsometimebeforereadingagain9.willhelpagreatdealIhopeyouwillb10.alotfromtheadviceaboveSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根據對話情景和內容,從對話后所給的選項中選出能填入每一空白處的最佳選項,選項中有兩個為多余選項?!狧owoftendoyouuseheInternet?—1、ButIusuallyuseitocheckmyemail.Idon’toftensurftheInternet.YouusetheInternetalot,don’tyou?—2、—So,you’reworkingonlineeighthoursaday.Itcanbeawfulwhentheconnectionispoor.—3、SometimesIalsohelpothersintheofficeifthey’rehavingtroubleonline.—HowusefuldoyouthinktheInternetisasasourceofinformation?—Ithinkit’suseful.4、Theinformationonlinemaybefalse.Youdon’tseewhatyoubuyonlineuntilyouactuallygetit.—5、—Weusuallyfindthewebsiteofshops,thenvisittheshopandbuywhenwe’veseentheproducts.A.Buttherearetwobigproblems.B.Yes.IusuallysurftheInternettolookthroughthenews.C.Whydoyouwanttobuysomethingonline?D.Yes.Iuseittofindproductsatthelowestpriceformycompany.E.Yes.Ilikethejobthough.F.Howdoyousolvetheproblemswhenshoppingonline?G.Iuseitalmosteveryday.Carpooling(拼車)canbeagreatwaytogotowork.1、Itcanalsobeagreatwaytodecreaseboredomandlowerstressonyourridetowork.Here,wewilllookatsometipstohelpmakeyourcarpoolingsuccessfulandstress-fr
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