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56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergounldjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice?
57.BuxtonOpenHousePavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers________.
APole'sCaven.
BPavilionGardens.
CBuxtonMuseum.
DGreenManGallery.
Aridesinsmalltrains
Bcoursesinmodcmarts
Cartisticandculturalactivities
Dbasiccoursesinhorseriding
56.Ifyouwanttotakeanundergounldjourney,whichplaceisthebestchoice?
APole'sCaven.
BPavilionGardens.
CBuxtonMuseum.
DGreenManGallery.
57.BuxtonOpenHousePavilionArtsCentreisspecialbecauseitoffers________.
Aridesinsmalltrains
Bcoursesinmodcmarts
Cartisticandculturalactivities
Dbasiccoursesinhorseriding
4.(簡答題分值:15分)B
Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecamepuzzledaboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn'tfindthepark'svolcano.IthadbeenknownforalongtimethatYellowstonewasvolcanicinnature—that'swhataccountedforallitshotspringsandothersteamyfeatures.ButChristiansencouldn'tfindtheYellowstonevolcanoanywhere.
Mostofus,whenwetalkaboutvolcanoes,thinkoftheclassiccone(圓錐體)shapesofaFujiorKilimanjaro,whicharecreatedwheneruptingmagma(巖漿)pilesup.Thesecanformremarkablyquickly.In1943,aMexicanfarmerwassurprisedtoseesmokerisingfromasmallpartofhisland.Inoneweekhewastheconfusedownerofaconefivehundredfeethigh.Withintwoyearsithadtoppedoutatalmostfourteenhundredfeetandwasmorethanhalfamileacross.AltogethertherearesometenthousandofthesevolcanoesonEarth,allbutafewhundredofthemextinct.Thereis,however,asecondlesknowntypeofvolcanothatdoesn'tinvolvemountainbuilding.Thesearevolcanoessoexplosivethattheyburstopeninasinglebigcrack,leavingbehindavasthole,thecaldera.Yellowstoneobviouslywasofthissecondtype,butChristiansencouldn'tfindthecalderaanywhere.
JustatthistimeNASAdecidedtotestsomenewhigh-altitudecamerasbytakingphotographsofYellowstone.Athoughtfulofficialpassedonsomeofthecopiestotheparkauthoritiesontheassumptionthattheymightmakeaniceblow-upforoneofthevisitors'centers.AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera;almostthewholepark-2.2millionacres—wascaldera.Theexplosionhadleftaholemorethanfortymilesacross—muchtoohugetobeseenfromanywhereatgroundlevel.AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.
58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?
59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout?
60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?
AItscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.
BItsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.
CThemysterioushistoryofthepark.
DTheexactlocationofthevolcano.
ATheshapesofvolcanoes.
BTheimpactsofvolcanoes.
CTheactivitiesofvolcanoes.
DTheheightsofvolcanoes.
AHot-airballoon.
BDigitalcamera.
CBigphotograph.
DBird'sview.
58.WhatpuzzledChristiansenwhenhewasstudyingYellowstone?
AItscomplicatedgeographicalfeatures.
BItsever-lastinginfluenceontourism.
CThemysterioushistoryofthepark.
DTheexactlocationofthevolcano.
59.Whatdoesthesecond-paragraphmainlytalkabout?
ATheshapesofvolcanoes.
BTheimpactsofvolcanoes.
CTheactivitiesofvolcanoes.
DTheheightsofvolcanoes.
60.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"blow-up"inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?
AHot-airballoon.
BDigitalcamera.
CBigphotograph.
DBird'sview.
5.(簡答題分值:15分)C
WhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheInternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?
Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople'sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.
ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè))withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.
Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeInternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe"digitaldivide"betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.ThishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandInternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople'slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupInternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.
Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina"borderlessworld".Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.
Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.
61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto__________.
62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould__________.
63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?
64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
Aalackofconfidenceintechnology
Baslowprogressintechnology
Caconflictofpublicopinions
Dawasteoflimitedresources
Atakepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount
Bmaketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople
Censurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport
Dprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilities
ANeglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.
BBelievingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.
CIgnoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.
DOver-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.
APeopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.
BTraditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.
CMakingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.
DEconomicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.
61.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto__________.
Aalackofconfidenceintechnology
Baslowprogressintechnology
Caconflictofpublicopinions
Dawasteoflimitedresources
62.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould__________.
Atakepeople'sessentialneedsintoaccount
Bmaketheirprogrammesattractivetopeople
Censurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupport
Dprovidemoreaffordableinternetfacilities
63.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?
ANeglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.
BBelievingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.
CIgnoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.
DOver-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.
64.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
APeopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.
BTraditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.
CMakingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.
DEconomicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.
6.(簡答題分值:15分)D
The65-year-oldSteveGoodwinwasfoundsufferingfromearlyAlzheimer’s(阿爾楚海默癥).Hewaslosinghismemory.
Asoftwareengineerbyprofession,Stevewasakeenloverofthepiano,andtheonlymusicianinhisfamily.Musicwashistruepassion,thoughhehadneverperformedoutsidethefamily.
Melissa,hisdaughter,feltitmorethanworthwhiletosavehismusic,towhichshefellasleepcatchnightwhenshewasyoung.Shethoughtabouthiringaprofessionalpianisttoworkwithherfather.
Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalentedpianist,gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.
“Whydothis?”Stevewondered.
“Becauseshecares.”Melissasaid.
Stevenodded,tearsineye.
NaomidrovetotheGoodwinhome.ShetoldSteveshe’dlovetohearhimplay.Stevemovedtothepianoandsatatthebench,handstremblingashegentlyplacedhisfingersonthekeys.
Naomiputasmallrecordernearthepiano,Startsandstopsandmistakes.Longpauses,heartsinking.ButStevepressedon,playingforthefirsttimeinhislifeforastranger.
“Itwasbeautiful."Naomisaidafterlisteningtotherecording.“Themusicwasworthsaving.”
Herresponsibility,herprivilege,wouldbetorescueit.ThemusicwassillinSteveGoodwin.Itwasbiddeninroomswithdoorsabouttobelocked.
NaomiandStevemeteveryotherweekandspenthourstogether.He’dmovehisfingersclumsilyonthepiano,andthenshe’dtakehisplace.Hestruggledtoexplainwhatheheardinhishead.Hestoodbythepiano,eyesclosed,listeningforthefirsttimetohisownworkbeingplayedbysomeoneelse.
SteveandNaomispokeinmusicalcodelines,beats,intervals,movingfromtheroottoendasonginanewkey.Steveheardit.Allofit.Hejustcouldn’tplayit.
WorkingwithNaomididwondersforSteve.Ithadexcitedwithinhimthebeliefhecouldwriteonelastsong.Oneday,Naomireceivedanemail.Attachedwasarecording,arecordingoflossandlove,ofthefight.Stevecalledit“MelancholyFlower”.
Naomiheardmultiplestopsandstarts,Stevestruggling,searchingwhilehiswifeJonicalledhim“honey”andencouragedhim.Thetaskwassohard,andSteve,angryandupset,saidhewasquitting.Jonipraisedhim,tellingherhusbandthiscouldbehissignaturepiece.
Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite,andmostpersonalsongs.WithNaomi’shelp,theGoodwinfamilyfoundasoundengineertorecordNaomiplayingSteve’ssongs.Jonithoughtthatwouldbetheend.Butitwasn’t.
Inthemonthsleadinguptothe2022OregonRepertorySingersChristmasconcert,Naomitoldthedirectorshehadaspecialoneinmind:“MelancholyFlower”
ShetoldthedirectoraboutherprojectwithSteve.Thedirectoragreedtoaddittotheplayinglist.ButNaomiwouldhavetoaskSteve’spermission.Heconsidereditanhonor.
Aftertheconcert,NaomitoldthefamilythatSteve’smusicwasbeautifulandprofessional.Itneededtobesharedinpublic.
ThefamilyrentedaformerchurchindowntownPortlandandscheduledaconcert.Bythedayoftheshow,morethan300peoplehadsaidtheywouldattend.
Bythen,Stevewashavingahardtimerememberingthenamesofsomeofhisfriends.Heknewthepathhislifewasnowtaking.Hetoldhisfamilyhewasatpeace.
Stevearrivedandsatinthefrontrow,surroundedbyhisfamily.Thehouselightsfaded.Naomitookthestage.Herfingers.Hisheart.
65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic?
66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying,Naomi________.
67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed?
68.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower,"hiswifeJoni_______.
69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland?
70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?
AHismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.
BShewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.
CHismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.
DShewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.
Arefusedtomakeacommentonit
Bwasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic
CdecidedtofreeStevefromsuffering
Dregrettedofferinghelptoherfriend
AItwasslowbutproductive.
BItwasbeneficialtohishealth.
CItwastiresomeforNaomi.
DItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.
AthoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted
Bdidn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout
Cdidn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusic
Dbroughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection
AHefeltconcernedabouthisillness.
BHesensedaresponsibilityformusic.
CHeregainedhisfaithinmusic.
DHegotintoastateofquiet.
ATheKindnessofFriends
BThePowerofMusic
CTheMakingofaMusician
DTheValueofDetermination
65.WhydidMelissawanttosaveherfather’smusic?
AHismusiccouldstophisdiseasefromworsening.
BShewantedtopleaseherdyingoldfather.
CHismusicdeservedtobepreservedinthefamily.
DShewantedtomakeherfatheraprofessional.
66.AfterhearingSteve’splaying,Naomi________.
Arefusedtomakeacommentonit
Bwasdeeplyimpressedbyhismusic
CdecidedtofreeStevefromsuffering
Dregrettedofferinghelptoherfriend
67.HowcantheprocessofSteve’srecordingbedescribed?
AItwasslowbutproductive.
BItwasbeneficialtohishealth.
CItwastiresomeforNaomi.
DItwasvitalforNaomi’scareer.
68.BeforeStevefinished“MelancholyFlower,"hiswifeJoni_______.
AthoughtthemusictalentofStevewasexhausted
Bdidn’texpectthedamagethediseasebroughtabout
Cdidn’tfullyrealizethevalueofherhusband’smusic
Dbroughtherhusband’smusiccareertoperfection
69.HowdidStevefeelattheconcertheldindowntownPortland?
AHefeltconcernedabouthisillness.
BHesensedaresponsibilityformusic.
CHeregainedhisfaithinmusic.
DHegotintoastateofquiet.
70.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?
ATheKindnessofFriends
BThePowerofMusic
CTheMakingofaMusician
DTheValueofDetermination
填空題本大題共2小題,每小題10分,共20分。把答案填寫在題中橫線上。
7.(填空題分值:15分)71.第四部分:任務型閱讀(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)
請認真閱讀下面短文,并根據(jù)所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當?shù)膯卧~。
注意:請將答案寫在答題卡上相應題號的橫線上。每個空格只填一個單詞。
TheCostofThinking
Despitetheirmanydifferences,allhumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics.suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.
Thefirstuniquehumancharacteristicisthathumanshaveextraordinarilylargebrainscomparedwithotheranimals.Itseemsobviousthatevolutionshouldselectforlargerbrains.Mammals(哺乳動物)weighingsixtykilogramshaveanaveragebrainsizeof200cm2.Modernmanhasabrainaveraging1200-1400cm2.Wearesofondofourhighintelligencethatweassumethatwhenitcomestobrainpower,moremustbebetter.Unfortunately,thatisnotthecase.
Thefactisthatahugebrainisahugedrain—consumptionofenergy—onthebody.I'snoteasytocarryaround,especiallywhenboxedinsideamassiveskull(傾骨).It'sevenhardertoprovidesenergy.Inmodernman,thebrainaccountsforabout2-3%oftotalbodyweightbutitconsumes25%ofthebody'senergywhenthebodyisatrest.Bycomparison,thebrainsofapes(類人猿)requireonly8%ofrest-timeenergy.Earlyhumanspadfortheirlargebrainsintwoways.Firstly,theyspentmoretimeinsearchfood.Secondly,theirmusclesgrewsmallerandweaker.It'shardlyanobviousconclusionthatthisisagoodwaytosurvive.Achimpanzee(黑猩猩)can'twinanargumentwithamodernman,butitcantearthemanapartlikearagdoll.
Anotheruniquehumancharacteristicisthatwewalkupright.Standingup,it'seasiertofindfoodorenemies.Inaddition,theirarmsthatareunnecessaryformovingaroundarefreedforotherpurposes,likethrowingstonesorsi
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