中考總復(fù)習(xí)之復(fù)合句

復(fù)合句并列句是由兩個或兩個以上的簡單句連接而成的。并列句中各簡單句的地位同等重要，相互之間是平行并列的關(guān)系。1.構(gòu)成：簡單句+并列連詞+簡單句2.常見的并列連詞：and,but,or,so,for3.祈使句+and/or+簡單句是一個固定句型，此句型中的祈使句在意義上相當(dāng)于一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。Studyhardandyouwillmakeaprogress.=ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakeaprogress.Hurryup,oryouwillbelate.=ifyoudon’thurryup,youwillbelate.4.其他的常用于連接并列句的連詞有：then,while,when,yet,notonly…butalso,neither…nor,either…or,both…and,aswellas注意1.because與so不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子中。Becausehewashungry,heateupallofthefood./Hewashungry,soheateupallofthefood.2.although/though與but不能同時出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中。Thougheveryoneistired,noneofthemstoptohavearest./Everyoneistired,butnoneofthemstoptohavearest.試真題1.Fatherwon’tallowmetoplayoutside____Iwashupthedishes.A.ifnotB.ifC.unlessD.because2.Anna,youwearanewdresstoday!Itfitsmewell,____thecolorisnotmyfavorite.A.andB.soC.butD.or3.Thetrafficrulessaydriversmustn’tdriveiftheyaredrunk,____theywillbepunished.A.orB.butC.andD.so4.Don’tmeetan“internetfriend”alone,____somethingdangerousmayhappentoyou.A.butB.andC.orD.yet5.Bringtheseflowersintoawarmroom____theywillsoonopen.A.orB.andC.butD.for6.I’dliketogowithyou,____I’mtoobusy.A.orB.andC.soD.but7.Spendmoretimetalkingwithyourparents,____theymaynotwellunderstandyou.A.orB.soC.andD.but8.Idon’tlikesinging____dancing.Whataboutyou?Idon’tlikedancing,____Ilikesinging.A.and;andB.and;butC.or;butD.or;and過模擬1.Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Hewantstoseeyou.____nooneknowsI’mhere.A.forB.andC.butD.so2.Miketriedhisbest,____hecaughtupwiththeothersatlast.A.andB.orC.butD.because3.Minaisverytiredbecauseshe____worksverylate____doesallthehouseworkathome.A.neither;norB.either;orC.both;andD.notonly;butalso4.Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithme?I’dloveto,____I’mafraidIhavenotime.A.soB.orC.butD.though5.Standoverthere,____youwillgetabetterviewofthewholecity.A.orB.andC.butD.though6.Jenny,putonyourcoat,____youwillcatchacold.A.butB.andC.orD.so7.Ithinkyourfatherisverybusy.Soheis.____hestilltakesawalkwithussometimes.A.soB.andC.orD.but8.Whatdoyouthinkofthisskirt?It’sbeautifulanditfitsmewell,____Ilikeitverymuch.A.sinceB.soC.butD.because9.Doyoulikeplayingtennis?No,____Ilikesports.IplayfootballeverySunday.A.andB.butC.soD.or復(fù)合句的類型由一個主句和一個或者一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的句子叫復(fù)合句。初中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有賓語從句，狀語從句和定語從句。1.賓語從句引導(dǎo)詞及其作用引導(dǎo)詞作用例句That本身無意義，只起連接作用，口語中可省略Hesaid(that)Katewasgoodatswimming.What，which，who，whose，whom在從句中作一定的成分，如主語，賓語等Idon’tknowwhattheyaregoingtodo.When，where，why，how在從句中作狀語Couldyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?If，whether意為“是否”，不做句子成分但不能省略HeaskedmeifMissWeiwasateacher.語序在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，不管充當(dāng)賓語從句的句子原來是什么語序，構(gòu)成賓語從句時一定要用陳述語序。如：Idon’tknowwhereshecomesfrom.主句從句例句現(xiàn)在時根據(jù)實際情況而定Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedhere10yearsago.過去式過去的時態(tài)Iknewwholivedhere.Hesaidthathehadseenit.不管何種時態(tài)，只要從句講述客觀真理一般現(xiàn)在時Theteacheraskedtheboyiftheearthisround.時態(tài)注意如果一句話中賓語從句很長，那么可以用it作為形式賓語，以免句子頭重腳輕。HemadeitquiteclearthathepreferredtostudyEnglish.狀語從句類型類別連詞例句時間狀語從句When，while，as，since，until，till，assoonasIwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenhecamein.條件狀語從句IfWe’llgotoseeyouifwearefree.原因狀語從句Because，since，asSinceeveryoneishere,let’sbeginthemeeting.目的狀語從句SothatPleasespeakslowlysothatwecanfollowyou.結(jié)果狀語從句Sothat,so/such…that,Wegotupsolatethatwemissedtheearlybus.讓步狀語從句Though/althoughTheairisaroundus.Thoughwecan’tseeit.比較狀語從句Than,as…as,notso/as…asItwasmuchbetterthanI’dexpected.方式狀語從句AsWedidastheteachertoldus.地點狀語從句whereWherethereisawill,thereisaway.關(guān)系詞功能例句Who,that主語，賓語，表語Doyouknowthegirlwho/thatoftencomeshere?Whom,that賓語He’stheboy(whom/that)Italkedwithjustnow.That,which主語Adictionaryisabookthat/whichgivesthemeaningofwords.賓語Theschool(that/which)wevisitedyesterdayisafamousoneinShanghai.表語Thisisthefactory(that/which)wevisitedyesterday.關(guān)系詞只能用which的情況：1.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時。Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.2.關(guān)系詞前有介詞Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況：1.當(dāng)現(xiàn)行詞是everything,anything,nothing,something,all,none,little,few等時。2.當(dāng)先行詞被every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much等修飾時。3.當(dāng)先行詞被theonly，thevery修飾時。4.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。5.當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時。試真題1.Therearesomanyfoggydaysthesedays.Weallwanttoknow____.A.howcanwedotopreventitB.howwecandotopreventitC..whatwecandotopreventitD.whatcanwedotopreventit2.WhensomeChinesewomenweredancingtoloudmusicinaparkinNewYork,thepeople____livednearbycalledthepolice.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which3.Mostofmyclassmatespreferloudmusic____theycandanceto.A.thatB.whoC.whoseD.where4.Couldyoutellme____?AttheendofJuly.A.howoftenheheardfromhispenpalB.howsoonhewillbehereC.thathewentonvacationD.whenyouwillstartyourvacation5.Doyouknow____?Yes,Ido.Hewentbyskateboarding!A.whetherPaulwillgoornotB.whenwillPaultotothepartyC.howpaulwenttothepartyD.howdidPaulgototheparty6.Excusemedoyouknow____?Aboutfiveminutes’walk.A.wherethehospitalisB.howfarthehospitalisC.howIcangettothehospital7.Theshop____sellsflowersisattheendofthestreet.A.whoB.whereC.which8.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers____IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which9.Agraduationceremonyisacustom____takesplace____studentsgraduatefromaschool.A.which;whenB.that;whoC.which;whoseD.that;which10.I’mgoingtobuyacar.Anyadvice,Charlie?Well,itdependson____.Ifmoneyisn’taproblem,youcanbuyaBMW.A.whenyouwillbuyoneB.howmuchyoucanaffordC.whatcoloryoulikeD.whereyouaredriving過模擬1.Excuseme,couldyoutellme___?Sorrysir.Iwasn’tthereatthattime.A.howdidtheaccidenthappenB.howtheaccidenthappenedC.howdoestheaccidenthappenD.howtheaccidenthappens2.Doyoulikeadvertisements?Yes,butIhatethose___areshownonTVmanytimeseveryday.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whose3.Pleasegivemethebook___coverisgreen.Ok?Hereyouare.A.whoseB.thatC.whenD.which4.Icouldn’tagreewith___atthemeeting.A.thatyousideB.whichyousideC.allwhatyousideD.whatyouside5.WhatdoyouthinkofthebookAHawTreewrittenbyawomanwriter?Itremindsmeofthedays___Ispentinthecountryside.A.whenB.thatC.whoD.where6.Doyouthink___heshouldgotothemusicclubornot?Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.whether7.Thosepictureswillshowyou___。A.whatourschoollookslikeB.whatdoesourschoollooklikeC.howdoesourschoollooklikeD.howourschoollookslike8.Whatdidthewomanaskjustnow?sheasked___.A.whowasIwaitingforB.whereIliveC.howcanshegettothepostofficeD.whetherIcouldhelpherfindthepostoffice9.Whatdoyouusuallydoinyourfreetime?Ienjoyreadinginthelibrary___Ilosemyselfinaworldofgoodbooks.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.how10.___regularexerciseisveryimportant,it’snotagoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.A.ifB.asC.althoughD.unless11.Canyoutellmehowmanycolures___inarainbow?Seven.A.thereareB.arethereC.theyareD.arethey12.Janeisoneofthestudentsintheclass___haveeverbeentoChina.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom1.Doyoustillrememberthetime___wewenthikinginthemountains?Yes,ofcourse.Wehadagoodtimethere.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when2.Couldyoutellme___,please?Yes.WalkalongZhongshanRoadforabout390meters.It’sonyourleft.A.howcanIgettoHualianSupermarketB.howIcangettoHualianSupermarketC.howdidIgettoHualianSupermarketD.howIgottoHualianSupermarket3.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme___lateron?Waitaminute.Itiscomingin10minutes.A.ifthenexttrainarrivesB.ifthenexttrainwillarriveC.whenthenexttrainarrivesD.whenwillthenexttrainarrive4.Hewas___tired___hefellasleepassoonashelaydown.A.too;toB.so;thatC.such;thatD.enough;that5.Couldyoupleasetellme___?LiveinEnshi,Hubei.A.wheredoyouliveB.ifyouliveinEnshiC.whereyouliveD.whereyouwereborn6.Doyouknowthemanunderthetree?Sorry,Idon’tknow___.A.howisheB.whatisheC.whoheisD.whereishe7.Wouldyoupleasetellme___?At10:00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleaveB.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleaveD.whenthetrainleave8.Doyouknow___?Lastyear.A.whenhecamehereB.whendidhecomehereC.whenhewillcomehereD.whenwillhecomehere9.Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutthefamouspeople___youcanuseforthereport?Notyet.A.whoB.whatC.whomD.which10.Excuseme.CanIinterviewMr.Millerthisafternoon?Amoment,please.Letmecheck___.A.ifMr.MillerwillbefreeB.whenwillMr.MillerhavetimeC.ifMr.MillerhadanappointmentD.whendoesMr.Millercomeback11.Theseanimalsareindanger.Weshouldthink___toprotectthem.A.whatcanwedoB.whatwecandoC.whichcanwedoD.whichwecando12.Idon’tknowifmy