中考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)十三主謂一致

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)梳理專題十三主謂一致“主謂一致”是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)必須在人稱、性、數(shù)上保持一致，即主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如are,were,have等，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式，如：is,was,has,works等。在具體處理一致關(guān)系時(shí)可遵循以下三原則:

語(yǔ)法一致、意義一致、就近一致。由and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一個(gè)人的雙重身份時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

The

workerandwriter

isfromWuhan.(那個(gè)工人兼作家…)2.由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

Theworkerandthewriter

arefromBeijing.(那位工人和那位作家)3.Both…and…做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)BothCathyandherdaughterLinda

havegonetoCanada.

4.everyoneof/oneof/eachof/eitherof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

Eachofthestudents

hasabook.5.表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

Twentyyears

haspassedsincehelefthishometown.6.集體名詞class,family,team,club,population,party,public,police,government,group等作主語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù)。

Hisfamily

isinHarbin.

Hisfamily

aresportsfans.7.并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法：

1.)

有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù)(不可數(shù))clothing衣服，poem詩(shī)歌，furniture家俱，scenery景色等。2.)

有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義(但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式)people人，police警察等。8.all,none,some,any等不定代詞作主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定。

Allarepresents.Allthefoodtastesgood.Two-thirdsofthepeople

are

againsttheplan.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthis

coveredbysea.Forty-fivepercentofthedoctors

were

women.9.“half/most/part/therest/thelast/lots/plenty/分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要和of

之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。

10.由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso

等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常和靠近的作主語(yǔ)的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致——就近原則。

Notonlyhebutalso

I

aminvited.

Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress.NotonlyIbutJaneandMary_____

tiredofhavingoneexamafteranother.

A.isB.areC.amD.beBThere_____threebooksandawatchinmybag.

A.isB.areC.amD.be11.therebe句型當(dāng)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要跟最近的主語(yǔ)數(shù)保持一致，即就近處理原則B12.主語(yǔ)后跟“with/alongwith/togetherwith/including/but/except/like/among/aswellas/nomorethan/besides/ratherthan+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般和前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致。

Theteacher

withanumberofstudents

isintheclassroom.Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks____tothecountrysideasagift．A.isoffered

B.hasofferedC.areoffered

D.haveofferedWeChinese____ahard-workingpeople．A.isB.are

C.isbeingD.arebeing此題應(yīng)選B。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說(shuō)的是主謂一致（即謂語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語(yǔ)與表語(yǔ)一致），本題意為：我們中國(guó)人是一個(gè)勤勞的民族。注意以下類似例子：Thesetwodictionaries

areapresentformybestfriendJim．Theplants

weretheobjectofhisstudy．ThemostimportantthingIneedisbooks．Thebestpartofthemeal

isthecoffeeandcookies．1.Oneortwodays____enoughtosee

thecity．

A.isB.areC.amD.be2.NeithermywifenorImyself____able

topersuademydaughtertochange

hermind．

A.isB.areC.amD.be3.NotonlyIbutalsoJane____comingnextweekend．

A.isB.areC.amD.be4.Nottheteacher,butthestudents

____lookingforwardtoseeingthe

film．

A.isB.areC.amD.be5.Awomanwithsomechildren______

soon．

A.iscoming B.arecoming C.hascome D.havecome6.Nooneexceptmyparents____

anythingaboutthis。

A.know B.knows C.isknown D.areknown7．Theteacheraswellasthestudents

______thebookalready．

A.hasread B.havereadC.arereading D.isreading8．Allbutone____intheaccident．

A.waskilled B.werekilledC.willbekilled D.arekilled9.Thenumberofpeopleinvited___fifty,

butanumberofthem___absentfor

differentreasons. A.were;was