高中英語詞匯記憶法及練習(xí)

.z.詞匯記憶法教學(xué)目標(biāo)：熟悉各種記詞法并學(xué)會綜合運用記憶單詞的方法：讀音規(guī)則法分類比照記憶法聯(lián)想記憶法構(gòu)詞記憶法一、讀音規(guī)則法記單詞：我們知道英語總共有26個字母，48個音標(biāo)，其實每個字母或字母組合都發(fā)固定的音；反過來，每個音標(biāo)都是由固定的字母或字母組合來發(fā)音的。比方，a一般發(fā)/e?/,/?/,/?/,/?/,/ɑ:/Late,hand,about,what,fastO一般發(fā)/??/,/u:/,/?/,/?/,/?/Note,who,love,today,hotU/ju:/,/?//?/,/?/Refuse,put,but,support請看這些單詞：Mangobuddinghoard/’fest?v//’h?mini/congratulation優(yōu)點：記得快，多，朗朗就上口缺點：記形不義，語音要相比照擬標(biāo)準(zhǔn)才可以二、分類比照記憶法：其實這是一種大家自不自覺都在使用的一種方法大家從初中開場肯定就發(fā)現(xiàn)了See-sea,right-write,meet-meat,too-two,study-learn,see-look-watch,good-well-nice之間的區(qū)別與聯(lián)系吧？只有這樣將知識歸類比照，我們記得才會深刻，那到底要怎樣分類比照呢？1、同義詞2、反義詞3、同音詞4、同類詞5、同源詞6、同形詞同義詞choose/selectseize/catch/grab/graspshow/display/e*hibitcontain/includebeableto/becapableof反義詞Optimistic/pessimisticSuccess/failureFormer/latterEntrance/e*itIncrease/decrease同類詞：Vegetable:tomato;potato;carrot;cabbage,mushroom,cucumber…Fruits:apple;pear;peach;grape;water-melon;lemon,mango…transportation:bicycle;car;bus;truck;ship;plane;train;spacecraft…同源詞：Present現(xiàn)在；出席；呈現(xiàn)Presentation呈現(xiàn)方式Representv,代表Representationn,表現(xiàn)，代表Representative有代表性的Succeedv成功Successn.Successfuladj.Successfullyadv.Employv雇傭Employern雇傭者，雇主Employeen雇員Employmentn雇傭同形詞：effect/affect/effort/offer/offende*perience/e*perimentappear/appeal〔呼吁，懇求，上訴〕E*plore/e*plode/e*ploration/e*plosionAttitude/altitude三、聯(lián)想記憶法Candidaten候選人能(can)做(did)能吃(ate)的人是候選人Ambulancen救護(hù)車俺們(am)不(bu)能(lan)死(ce)趕快去叫救護(hù)車Hesitatev猶豫他(he)坐(sit)下來吃飯(ate)時猶豫了下Assassinatev暗殺兩只驢(assass)在里面(in)吃(ate)東西時被暗殺了Costumen服飾花費(cost)你(u)我(me)的錢去買服飾Doyouwanttohaveatrybyyourselves"Leisuren休閑,休息累了(lei)就一定(sure)要休息、休閑Chaosn混亂,嘈雜喧囂、混雜的場面吵(chao)死(s)了Attendancen參加at+ten+dance十點跳舞，別忘了參加Smotherv窒息一根繩子(s)把媽媽(mother)肋得快窒息了Mendacityn撒謊,虛偽大(da)城市(city)的男人(men)是虛偽,愛撒謊的優(yōu)點：記得快，牢，對記意思特別有幫助缺點：容易造成讀音錯誤四、構(gòu)詞記憶法Derivation派生法常見的四種否認(rèn)前綴：Un-,in/im/il/ir-,dis-,mis-前綴意義用法例詞un-不,未(=not)加在形容詞或副詞前unnecessary,une*pected,unusual相反動作加在動詞前Uncover,unlock,undressin-，il-，im-，ir-不,非,無加在形容詞或其派生的名詞或副詞前inplete,impossible.impolite,irregular,illegal前綴意義用法例詞dis-表示否認(rèn)加在名詞或形容詞、動詞前dishonour,diseasedislike,disbelievemis-表示錯誤加在名詞、動詞或及其派生詞前mistake,misread,misunderstanding，misapplymishandle其他前綴：前綴意義用法例詞re-表示：再一次，重新用于動詞及派生名詞名詞、形容詞及其它名詞前(=again)renew,reborn,rebuild,reappear,retellfore-表示：時間或位置的“在前面〞加在動詞或名詞前(=before)foresee,foreleg,forehead,forewordpre-表示：在前、事先、預(yù)先加在名詞或形容詞前(=before,infront,inadvance)prepay,prewar,preschool,prehistory前綴意義用法例詞post-表示：時間和順序的“在后邊〞加在名詞或形容詞前(=after,behind)post-war,postmodernpostgraduateinter-表示:“互相〞“在…間〞加在名詞、形容詞前構(gòu)成動詞(=between,among)interchange,international,interactinterdependentsuper-表示：高級、在之上，“超〞加在名詞前(=above,over,upon)supermarket,supernatural前綴意義例詞e*-“前任〞e*-president;e*-wife“向外〞=oute*clude;e*press;e*it;e*portmini-“短的〞“小的〞Minibus;miniskirt;miniputeranti-“防，防止；抗〞antibody;antifreeze;Anti-Japanese后綴1.表示人和物的名詞后綴-er,-or,-eer,-ess,-ician,-ist2.抽象名詞和集體名詞后綴-age,-ure,-ity,-ment,-ion,-ism,-y,-al,-ness,-ship,-hood,-ance,-th,-dom3.形容詞后綴-able,-al,-ant,-ent,-ic,-ical,-ish,-ive,-ful,-less,-ous,-y,-ed,-en,-ern,-ly4.副詞后綴-ly,-ward,-wards5動詞后綴-ate,-en,-fy,-ish,-izepound合成法把兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞的方法叫做合成法.1.直接寫在一起。2.用連字符(-)連接。3.由兩個分開的詞構(gòu)成。Overefour-leggedhe-goat,she-wolfmeanwhile記單詞策略人的記憶規(guī)律：1.遺忘速度先快后慢、遺忘量先大后小2.24小時忘得最多所以我們應(yīng)該：1.在背完單詞的24小時之開場復(fù)習(xí)。2.復(fù)習(xí)時間先密后疏。3.要有能夠記住的信心。4.每次記憶時間不要太長，分散時間。5.記憶要有目的，精力高度集中。穩(wěn)固練習(xí)1.Thatmanwas________enoughnottotellthemanagerthathewouldnotdothejob.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.carelessness2.Thesoldierdiedforsavingthechild，sohis________isheavierthanMountTai.A.dieB.deadC.diedD.death3.Thechildlooked________athisbrotherwhowasbadlywounded.A.sadlyB.sadnessC.sadlyD.sad4.Heisane*pertatchemistry.Weallcallhima________.A.chemistryB.chemicalC.chemistD.physician5.Thethree-________chairisn’tsuitableforayoungchild.Hemayfalloff.A.leggingB.leggedC.legsD.leged6.Stephensonbecamethe________railwayengineerintheworld.A.leadB.leaderC.leadingD.leadership7.Whentheteacherpraisedhimforworkingoutthemathsproblem，Jacklooked________aboutathisclassmates.A.proudB.proudlyC.prideD.pridely8.Toeveryone’s________，thegirlfinishedthejobquitewell.A.satisfiedB.satisfactoryC.satisfyingD.satisfaction9.—Whatareyoudoinghere"—Oh，myteacheraskedmetowriteapassageabout________inEnglish.—Youcanwrite________passageinEnglish"A.600words；a600-wordsB.600-word；a600-wordsC.600words；a600-wordD.600words；a600-words10.Nooneshouldenterthespotwithoutthe________ofthepolice.A.permitB.permissionC.permittingD.permittence11.Youmustewithustothepolice________.Ourheadiswaitingforyou.A.headquartersB.headlineC.headmasterD.headache12.Lettingthatanimalescapewasnoaccident；youdidit________.A.intendB.intentionC.intentionallyD.intentional13.Theshopownerweledalltheguestswitha________smile.A.practiceB.practiseC.practicalD.practiced14.The________orderedhimtopaya$100fine.A.judgerB.judgmentC.judgeD.judgement15.MyTVisoutoforder.Canyoutellmewhatisthe________newsaboutIraqWar"A.latelyB.latestC.laterD.latter16.TheGreatWallismorethan6000liin________.A.longerB.lengthC.longD.longing17.Tomy________，Ipassedthee*ameasily.A.joyB.joyfulC.joylessD.joyness18.Canadaismainlyan________country.A.English-speakingB.speak-EnglishC.spoken-EnglishD.English-spoken19.How________heis!Heisalwaysacting________.Heisreallya________.A.foolish；foolishly；foolB.fool；foolish；foolC.foolish；fool；foolD.foolishly；foolish；fool20.Thenecklacethatshelostisverye*pensive.It’sofgreat________.A.valuableB.valueC.valuelessD.unvaluable21.Therewere________fishintheriverinSouthAmerica.A.indangerB.dangerC.dangerousD.dangerless22.Theletter“b〞intheword“doubt〞is________.A.soundB.silentC.silenceD.sounded23.Thechildlookedatme________.A.strangerB.strangelyC.strangeD.strangeless24.Theblackpeoplewereagainstslaveryandfoughtfortheir________bravely.A.freeB.freelyC.freedomD.frees25.Whatyousaidsounded________butinfactitwasuntrue.A.reasonableB.reasonful