2021年山東省臨沂市高考英語一模試卷（附答案解析）

2021年山東省臨沂市高考英語一模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）

A

FlatstoRentinLondon1-bedroomflat

CowbridgeLane,Barking

￡1,000permonth/￡231perweek

PrimelodgeEstatesarepleasedtoofferforlettingthisnewlyredecorated1-bedroomflatonthe

groundfloorlocatedminutesfromBarkingstationandlocalfacilities.

Tel：02080125113

2-bedroomflat

PierheadLock,CanaryWharf,London,E14

￡1,980permonth/￡457perweek

Longlet.LocatednexttotheThamesandwith2circularbalconiestorelaxupon,thiswonderful

2-bedroomflatisgood-sizedandhasnaturallightthroughout.Benefitsincludeamodern

kitchen,autilityroom（雜用間）andabathroom.

Tel：02080126728

3-bedroomflat

BoulevardDrive,Colindale,London,NW9

￡3,467permonth/￡800perweek

Zerodepositavailable.Longlet.Thisamazing3-bedroomapartmentislocatedonthe7thfloor

ofamodemapartmentbuildingwithcomfortableaccommodationthroughout,alargeprivate

balconyandaccesstothegymandswimmingpool.

Tel：02080126803

4-bedroomflat

OakwoodCourt,101PinnerRoad,Harrow,HAI

￡4,290permonth/￡1,100perweek

Awellpresented,newlydecoratedandbright4-bedroomflatinthissmall,welllookedafter

block.Itislocatedbyaparkwithmanytrees,whereyoucanseemanycitizensrunningalong

theparkpathswhenthesunrises.Theflatoffersfreeparking,too.

Tel：02080122188.

1.Whichflathasaneasyaccesstoastation?

A.TheflatinCowbridgeLane.B.TheflatinPierheadLock.

C.TheflatinBoulevardDrive.D.TheflatinOakwoodCourt.

2.Whatdothe2-bedroomflatandthe3-bedroomflathaveincommon?

A.Bothofferfreeparking.

B.Bothrequirenodeposit.

C.Botharenewlyredecorated.

D.Bothcanberentedforalongtime.

3.Whichnumbershouldyoucallifyoulikeexercisinginthemorning?

A.02080122188.B.02080125113.

C.02080126728.D.02080126803.

B

1hadmovedtoJapanforalong-termclientconsultingengagement.Afterafewdaysina

Tokyohotel,Imovedtoanapartment.Afterbeingmovedinbymycolleagues,itwastimeto

getdinner.IfoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailboxanddecidedtosimplyorderapizzaasI

mighthavethepreviousweekinManhattan.ThephonecalltoCaliPizzawaseasierthan

anticipatedandwhilewaitingforthepizzaIsetaboutunpacking.

Unfortunately,after45minutesnopizza.Ifiguredthatmy"easy"callreallywasn'tandthatI

wouldneedtomakealternateplansfordinner.Whilethinkingaboutwhattodonext,myphone

rang.ItwasCaliPizzacallingtosaythattheycouldnotfindmyapartmentbasedontheaddress

thatIhadgiventhem.OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrectaddress,theclerk

onthephoneaskedmetodescribewhatIcouldseefrommywindow.Aftersomebackand

forththeyseemedsatisfiedthattheyknewwhereIwas.

Afewminuteslaterthepizzaarrived.Thisiswhenmy"customerdelight"experiencetookover.

First,thedeliverypersonapologizedrepeatedlyforbeinglate,thenheshowedmethesmall

bluemetalplateonmybuildingwiththecorrectaddress,andfinallyherefusedtoaccept

paymentforthepizzabecausehewaslate.Netresult：onedelightedcustomer(me),and

frequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwo-yearstayinJapan.

Such"customerdelight1'experiencesbecomestoriesIhaveusedtoillustratewhatitmeansto

trulydelightacustomer.

4.Whatdidthewriterdofirstafterhemovedintheapartment?

第2頁，共21頁

A.Deliverflyers.B.Placeanorder.

C.Callhiscolleagues.D.Setaboutunpacking.

5.Whywasthedeliverydelayed?

A.Thenumberontheflyerwasinaccurate.

B.Theclerkwasunfamiliarwiththeaddress.

C.Thewriterprovidedaninaccurateaddress.

D.Thepizzawassenttoawrongaddress.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"tookover"underlinedinparagraph3?

A.Disappeared.B.Dominated.C.Promoted.D.Decreased.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A.Itsnevereasytosettledowninanewcity.

B.Adelayeddeliverymayresultingoodprofit.

C.Onecan'tbetoocarefulwhenplacinganorder.

D.Ashort-teimlossofbenefitmayrewardalot.

c

Longbeforetheyfoundtheirwayintolivingroomsaround,theworld,computerswerethe

belongingsofinstitutesandcorporateheadquarters.Afterall,thehugeandheavymainframes

ofthe1960smighteasilyfillaroomoftheirown.

Theinventionofthemicroprocessor-Intefs4004wasthefirsttobemadecommercially

availablein1971-changedallthat.Manufacturerswerefinallyabletoproducemachinessmall

enoughtofitintocustomers'homes.Yet,thequestionwas：Couldfirmspersuadepeopleto

actuallywantonethere?

Thestoryofhowcomputersenterourhomesisnotoneoftechnology,butoneofmarketingand

design,accordingtowriterandjournalistAlexWiltshire,whosenewbook,HomeComputers：

100IconsthatDefinedaDigitalGeneration,tellstheindustry*searlyhistorythroughitsmost

influentialmodels."Thetechnologywasalreadyinexistence,"hesaidinaphoneinterview.

*'Butwhatwasimportantwastheideaofputtingitintoaformthatcouldbeboughtandeasily

used.”

TheveryfirstmodelsinWiltshire*sbookwereaimedathobbyistsandindustryinsiders.These

so-called"kit"computersperformedonlybasicfunctions.Butthearrivalofuser-friendly

machinesliketheCPET2001andAppleIIin1977weresignsofaturningpoint.

"Therewasamassivechangearoundtheideaof'Whatifthesecomputerswere

packaged,presentedanddesignedinaformthatanyonecoulduse?'-thattheywouldn'trequire

peopletolearncomputerlanguages,ortodevoteseveralroomsoftheirhouses,"Wiltshiresaid.

"WhatifthereweretheseobjectsthatpeoplecouldbuyofftheshelfandjustplugintotheirTVs?

Thatwasthemomentthattheideaofa'homecomputer'wasborn,anditwasabsolutelydown

todesign.u

8.WhatcanwelearnfromAlex'sbook?

A.Technologyfbrhomecomputerswasnotmature.

B.Marketinganddesigncountedmostforcomputers.

C.Thehomecomputerindustryhasalonghistory.

D.Thewriter'sideawasputinthedesignofhomecomputers.

9.WhatisthedifferencebetweenkitcomputersandCPET2001?

A.Kitcomputerscouldhandlecomplexoperation.

B.Kitcomputersweremoreenvironmentlyfriendly.

C.CPET2001waseasiertouseforcommonpeople.

D.CPET2001wasbetterthanAppleII.

10.Whatisthetoppingideawhendesigninga"homecomputer"?

A.DesigningitlikeaTV.

B.Designingitaimedathousewives.

C.Designingiteasiertouseandkeep.

D.Designingitusedlearninglanguages.

11.What'sAlex*sattitudetowardsthechangeofhomecomputer?

A.Objective.B.Negative.C.Indifferent.D.Suspicious.

D

Inacountrywhereover80%ofresidentsliveinpublichousingsgovernmentcommitmentto

sustainableurbandesigncouldhavehugeinfluence.Andwhenit'satropicalcountrylike

Singaporewhereconvenienceandairconditioningareawayoflife,theimpactcouldbe

greaterstill.

Promising42,000newhomesacrossfiveresidentialdistricts,theeco-townofTengahwillbe

the24thnewsettlementbuiltbySingapore'sgovernmentsinceWorldWarII.Itis,however,

thefirstwithcentralizedcooling,automatedtrashcollectionandacar-freetowncenter,with

whichenvironmentlovershopetoofferaroadmapforreducingcarbonemissionsinthe

SoutheastAsiancity-state.

第4頁，共21頁

Thedevelopmentisnamedas"ForestTown'*byofficials,duetoitsabundantgreeneryand

publicgardens.Oncehometobrickmakingfactories,andlaterusedformilitarytraining,the

2.7-square-milesitehasbeenreclaimedbyaforestinrecentyears.A328-foot-wideecological

"corridor"willbemaintainedthroughitscenter,providingsafepassagetowildlifeand

connectingawatercatchmentareaononesidetoanaturereserveontheother.

Theprojecthasprovenanewplanforurbanplannerssupportinggreendesignprinciplesand

"smart'1technology,accordingtoChongFookLoong,groupdirectorforresearchandplanning

atSingapore*sHousingandDevelopmentBoard,theagencyoverseeingthecountry'spublic

housing,"Tengahisanewstart,"hesaidinavideointerview,explainingthatroadsandparking

arebeingpushedbeneaththetowncenter."WeYegoingfortheidealconceptofseparated

traffic,witheverythingundergroundandthenthegroundleveltotallyfreedupfor

pedestrians-forpeople.So,ifsaverysafeenvironmentforall.'1

"Wewantatownthatallowswalkingandcyclinginaveryuser-friendlymanner.'1he

added,sayingthatcyclinghastakenoffinSingaporeinthe"lastthreetofiveyearsespecially".

Themasterplanwillseetheinstallation（安裝）ofelectricvehiclechargingstations.

12.Whatisspecialaboutthe24thnewsettlement?

A.Itcanhouse42,000people.

B.Itwillbewellequipped.

C.Itwillbebuiltbythegovernment.

D.Itwillbeenvironmentallyfriendly.

13.Whichofthefollowingmightbethedesignoftheforesttown?

14.WhatcanwelearnfromChongFookLoong'swords?

A.Aparkinglotwillputinthetowncenter.

B.Separatedtrafficwillbeapplied.

C.Bikeswillbeabletoflyinthenearfuture.

D.Allmasterswillinstallchargingstations.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Waystoreducecarbonemissions

B.AgreenroadmapforSingapore

C.Eco'smart'cityofSingapore

D.Asmartelectricvehicletechnology

二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題，共12?5分)

Asweknow,mentalhealthisinaworsesituationamongyoungpeopleglobally.(1)

Thisnotonlylowersqualityoflife,buthasanegativeimpactonateenager'sgrowth.Togetat

therootcausesofthisdecline,agroupofscientistsconductedastudyandfoundthe

combinationofhighscreentimeandlow"greentime'*greatlyaffectsmentalwell-being.

Childrennowadaysspendmoretimethaneverinfrontofelectronicdevices.

Theaveragedailyscreentimefor8-to18-year-oldswas7.5hoursintheU.S.tenyearsago.As

thestudystates,"Thisgreatlygoesaboveguidelinesof2hoursperclay."Nowtheconditionis

worsebythefactthatsomanyschoolsareusingtechnologytoteachclasses.Indeedsome

screentimecanpromoteconnectionsandenabletaskstobedonemoreefficiently.(2)

Inadditiontotroublingnervestimulation,toomuchscreentimetakestheplaceofimportant

protectivebehaviorsformentalhealthsuchasphysicalactivity,gettingadequatesleep,and

academicactivities.

Thestudyauthorssuggestthatgreenlimecouldactasacureforscreentime,essentially

balancingitsnegativeeffects.(3)Theattentionsystemscanberestoredinnatural

environmentwhentheyarewornout,becausetheyemployinvoluntaryattentionthere,which

isnottiringoreffortful.

(4)Thegreatnaturecouldpotentiallyfunctionasapsychologicalwell-being

promotionintervention干預(yù))childrenandteenagersinahigh-lechera.Thisknowledgecould

beaguidetopublichealthdepartmentsthatarestrugglingtorestorehappinessandcheerin

countlessanxiousteenagers.(5)

A.Teenagersurgentlyneedmoregreenlime.

B.Screen-basedtechnologymakeskidslessattentive.

C.Thefrequencyofdepressionandanxietyisincreasing.

D.Therearemanymoreways,nevertheless,inwhichitisharmful.

E.Itsuggestsmoreoutdoorprojectslikebuildingparkscouldbefundamental.

第6頁，共21頁

F.Payingconstantdirectedattentiontoscreenscanraisedirectedattentiontiredness.

G.Thisstudyhighlightsthatnaturemaycurrentlybeapotentialpublichealthresource.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大題共15小題，共15?0分)

Mydecisiontoturnouroldtwo-storyhomeintoanewonewiththreemoreroomsmetwith

someobjections.(1),emptynestersintheirsixtiesweren'tsupposedtoneeda(n)

(2)house.

Whenmyhusband'sdoctorlaidoutthe(3)ofwhatourlifewouldbelikeashisillness

(4),Isawourfuturedie.ButIknewIwasn'tgoingtobeableto(5)

livinginourhomethewayithadbeen.Idecidedto(6)anewlifeforusbymyself.

WhenmydesignerandIputtheplanstogether,!was(7)fortheworktobegin.Iwas

blessedwithatalentedandcapablecontractorwho(8)thedifficultbuildingandhired

therightcrews-manywho,overtheeightmonthsof(9),becamefriendsofmine.

Welivedonsitethroughoutthewholeprocess-Iwantedto(10)mydreambeingbuilt.

Mynewhomehasnow(11)apalace,wherenotonlyformebutformyfamilyand

friends,new(12)aremadeonaweeklybasis.

Pvecometorealizethereare(13)forwomenofacertainagewhoarealone.Iwant

to(14)fromthetopofmynew(15)toanyonewhowilllisten：Donotwait.

Justdoit.

21.A.FinallyB.EvidentlyC.ConsequentlyD.Similarly

22.A.adequateB.necessaryC.brighterD.larger

23.A.projectB.meetingC.pictureD.line

24.A.advancedB.failedC.startedD.escaped

25.A.finishB.quitC.imagineD.continue

26.A.expectforB.adjusttoC.createD.face

27.A.eagerB.generousC.patientD.fortunate

28.A.putupB.tookonC.turneddownD.showedoff

29.A.debateB.researchC.contributionD.construction

30.A.watchB.realizeC.showD.keep

31.A.boughtB.becomeC.designedD.meant

32.A.decisionsB.decorationsC.memoriesD.attractions

33.A.expectationsB.positionsC.invitationsD.introductions

34.A.writeB.jumpC.skipD.shout

35.A.voiceB.houseC.mountainD.town

四、語法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

36.Pottery(陶器)maybetheoldestartworkofhumanbeings.Asfarbackasmorethan8,

000yearsago,peopleinChinafirstmadepotterybymixingclaywithwaterand(1)

(bake)ituntilithelditsshape.Ancientpeopleattachedtheword'pottery'to

theirdiscoveryandusedittocreatevariousvesselsandtools(2)(improve)

thequalityoflife.

Astimepassed,thetechniquebecameperfect.Differentkindsofpotteryappearedin

differenttimesandregions.Forexample,duringtheTangDynasty(618-907)thepieces

(3)(create)byaddingvariousmetaloxideandbaking(4)alow

temperature.Thepotterywouldappeartobelightyellow,reddishbrownandlightgreen.

(5)(prefer)bymanyforeignerstotheregion,thetricolorglazedpottery

(唐三彩)hadbeentransportedallovertheworld.

Purpleclaypotterywonagreatreputationfor(6)nexthundredsofyears.As

earlyastheSongDynasty(960-1279),peoplefoundthatpurpleclayteapotslooked

muchmoregracefulthanthoseofother(7)(material).IntheMingandQing

Dynasties,people(8)likeddrinkingteaheldfirmtothe(9)(believe)

thatteainthepurpleclaypotsmelledbetterandcouldretaintheoriginalquality；these

teapotstransferredheatmuch(10)(slow)andweremoreendurableofheat.

Modernpeoplestilldelightinthisclassicfashionideal.

五、書面表達(dá)(本大題共2小題，共40.0分)

第8頁，共21頁

37.假定你是李華，上周五你校舉辦了換書閱讀活動。請你為校英文報(bào)寫一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)

容包括：1.活動目的；2.活動情況；3.活動反響。

注意：

1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Bookexchangeoncampus

38.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

“1don'twanttoseethatcatinouryardagain,"myhusbandsaidashedrovethebeautiful

catbackintotheneighbor'syard."Catsaren*tlikedogs,honey.Theyareveryindependent

andtendtomovearoundwherevertheyplease,especiallyiftheyaremousing,Isaid.

Well,textourneighborandletherknowIdon'tappreciatehercatinouryard,'*heinsisted.

Sighing,Isentoffaquicktexttooursweetneighbor,Cheryl,informingherofmy

husband'sdislikeofcats."Fildomybest,"sherepliedsometimelater,"butit*skindofhard

controllingwhereshegoeswhenIletheroutside.*'Thefollowingmorning,Johnstoodat

thepicturewindowinourbedroom.He*dinstalleditsothatIcouldwatchthebirds

visitingourfeeders.

“Youaren'tgoingtobelievethis,"hesaid."Comelook!"Slowly,!approachedthewindow,

prayingCheryl'scatwasn'tinouryard.uOh,myGod!"Icried.Seatedsidebysidelightin

thecenterofouryard,weretwoenormousgroundhogs（土撥鼠）.We'dobserved

groundhogsbefore,especiallysinceourbackyardbacks,uptoawoodedarea,butnever

hadtheybeenasbraveasthesetwo.Johnraisedthewindow,andthetworacedintothe

woods.Thatevening,!happenedtoglanceoutthepicturewindow.Thensomething

caughtmyeyeintheflowerbedbeyond.'John,comequick!"Hun*iedly,heenteredthe

bedroomjustintimetoseeoneofthegroundhogschewingontheflowerswe'dplanted

aroundthewaterfountain.MWhy,it'seatingeverysingleblossom!"

Againjohnliftedthewindow,andthegroundhogfledintothewoods."HmmmJbetter

lookupgroundhogsonthecomputerandseejusthowdestructivetheycanbe,"Beforehe

lefttheroom,however,hesawsomethingagain.Agroundhogwaschewingourvegetables

inthecenterofthegarden.Acrosstheyard,we'dplantedavegetablegarden.We'dtaken

greatpainstoenclosetherowsandrowsofplantsinchickenwire.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

"Something'sgottobedone!"Johnshouted.

Icouldn'thelpsmilingtomyselfasIwenttosearchformycellphone.

第10頁，共21頁

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】A

【解析】（1）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CowbridgeLane介紹內(nèi)容

thisnewlyredecorated1-bedroomflatonthegroundfloorlocatedminutesfromBarkingstati

onandlocalfacilities.（這套新裝修的一居室公寓位于--樓，距離Barking站和當(dāng)?shù)卦O(shè)施

僅幾分鐘路程）可知，位于CowbridgeLane的公寓靠近車站，非常方便前往，故選A.

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)2-bedroomflat-Longlet；3-bedroomflat-Longlet.（二居室的

長期出租,三居室的也是長期出租）可知，二居室和三居室的公寓相同點(diǎn)是可長期出租，

故選D.

（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)4-bedroomflat-Tel：02080122188：

Itislocatedbyaparkwithmanytrees,whereyoucanseemanycitizensrunningalongthepar

kpathswhenthesunrises.（它位于一個有許多樹木的公園旁邊，當(dāng)太陽升起時，你可以

看到許多市民沿著公園小路奔跑）可知，如果你喜歡在早晨的時候運(yùn)動，你可以撥打

02080122188進(jìn)行聯(lián)系，故選A.

本文主要向讀者介紹了倫敦供出租的幾套公寓，并對其情況進(jìn)行了說明。

做這類題材閱讀理解時要求考生對文章通讀一遍，做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找

出相關(guān)語句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子

的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

4.【答案】

【小題1]B【小題2】C【小題3】B【小題4】D

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第——R"Ifoundapizzadeliverflyerinmymailbox,

anddecidedtosimplyorderapizza."（在我的郵箱里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個送披薩的傳單，于是決定

簡單地訂一個披薩。）可知，作者到達(dá)公寓后，首先下了一個訂單。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"OnceitwasdeterminedthatIhadprovidedanincorrect

address"（當(dāng)我確定我提供的地址是錯誤的時候）可知，快遞遲到是因?yàn)樽髡咛峁┝隋e

誤的地址。故選C項(xiàng)。

（3）B.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段劃線詞后文"First,thedeliveryperson叩ologized

repeatedlyforbeinglate,thenheshowedmethesmallbluemetalplateonmybuildingwiththe

correctaddress,andfinallyherefusedtoacceptpaymentforthepizzabecausehewaslate."（首

先，快遞員為遲到多次道歉，然后他給我看了我大樓上的藍(lán)色小金屬板，上面有正確的

地址，最后他拒絕接受披薩的付款，因?yàn)樗t到了。）可知，作者的“顧客愉悅”體驗(yàn)占

據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位了，所以猜測tookover是“掌控、支配”的意思。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Dis叩peared

消失；B.Dominated支配,控制;C.Promoted提高，提升；D.Decreased減少,故選B

項(xiàng)。

（4）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Netresult：onedelightedcustomer（me）,

andfrequentordersfromCaliPizzaduringmytwo-yearstayinJapan.n（最終的結(jié)果是：*

個滿意的顧客（我），在我在日本的兩年時間里，經(jīng)常訂購Cali披薩。）可推斷，雖然

快遞員損失了這筆單的錢，但卻因此讓顧客有了良好的體驗(yàn)，得到了作者的喜愛，從而

使得作者經(jīng)常訂購Cali披薩，即短期利益的損失可能會帶來很大的回報(bào)。故選D項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者點(diǎn)披薩輸錯了地址，但是送餐員最終通過聯(lián)系找到

了正確地址并拒絕我的付款，讓作者感到很高興。

考查社會文化類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

8.【答案】

【小題1】B【小題2】C【小題3】C【小題4】A

【解析】（1）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句"Thestoryofhowcomputersenier

ourhomesisnotoneoftechnology,butoneofmarketinganddesign,accordingtowriterand

journalistAlexWiltshire,whosenewbook,HomeComputers：100IconsthatDefineda

DigitalGeneration,tellstheindustry'searlyhistorythroughitsmostinfluentialmodels."（作

家兼記者亞歷克斯?威爾特希爾（AlexWiltshire）的新書《家用電腦：定義數(shù)字時代的

100個圖標(biāo)》通過最具影響力的模型講述了這個行業(yè)的早期歷史。他認(rèn)為，電腦如何進(jìn)

入我們的家庭，不是一個技術(shù)的故事，而是一個營銷和設(shè)計(jì)的故事。）可知Alex認(rèn)為，

對電腦來說，營銷和設(shè)計(jì)是最重要的。故選B項(xiàng)。

（2）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段關(guān)鍵句"Theseso-called"kil"computersperformed

onlybasicfunctions.Butthearrivalofuser-friendlymachinesliketheCPET2001andApple

IIin1977weresignsofaturningpoint.1'（這些所謂的“kit”計(jì)算機(jī)只執(zhí)行基本的功能。但

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是用戶友好型機(jī)器的出現(xiàn)，如2001年的CPET和1977年的AppleH,是一個轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)的

標(biāo)志。)及第五段關(guān)鍵句"Whatifthesecomputerswerepackaged,presentedanddesignedin

aformthatanyonecoulduse?"(如果這些電腦被包裝、展示和設(shè)計(jì)成任何人都能使用的

形式，會怎么樣？)可知I,"kit”計(jì)算機(jī)和CPET的區(qū)別在于CPET2001對普通人來說更

容易使用。故選C項(xiàng)。

(3)C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段關(guān)鍵句""Whatifthereweretheseobjectsthatpeople

couldbuyofftheshelfandjustplugintotheirTVs?Thatwasthemomentthattheideaofa

'homecomputer'wasborn,anditwasabsolutelydowntodesign.""("如果人們可以從貨架

上買到這些東西，然后直接插到電視上，會怎么樣？就在那時，'家用電腦’的想法誕

生了，這完全取決于設(shè)計(jì)?？芍?，當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)"家用電腦”時，首要考慮的是更方便使用

和保存。故選C項(xiàng)。

(4)A.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句""Thetechnologywasalreadyinexistence,"

hesaidinaphoneinterview."Butwhatwasimportantwastheideaofputtingitintoafomthat

couldbeboughtandeasilyused.""("這項(xiàng)技術(shù)已經(jīng)存在了，"他在電話采訪中說。"但重要

的是要把它變成一種可以買到并容易使用的形式?！?并結(jié)合文章最后一段可知，Alex

對于“家用電腦”改變的態(tài)度是客觀的。A.Objective客觀的；B.Negative消極的；

C.Indifferent莫不關(guān)心的；D.Suspicious可疑的。故選A項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇說明文，通過引用作家兼記者AlexWiltshire在新書《家用電腦：定義數(shù)字

時代的100個圖標(biāo)》的觀點(diǎn)，介紹了電腦產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展史。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

12.【答案】

【小題1】D【小題2】A【小題3】B【小題4】C

【解析】(1)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Itis,however,thefirstwithcentralizedcooling,

automatedtrashcollectionandacar-freetowncenter,withwhichenvironmentlovershopeto

offeraroadmapforreducingcarbonemissionsintheSoutheastAsiancity-state.(然而，這

是第一個擁有集中冷卻、自動垃圾收集和無車城鎮(zhèn)中心的城市，環(huán)境愛好者希望通過這

個城市中心為東南亞城市國家減少碳排放提供一個路線圖。)可知，第24個新定居點(diǎn)

將是環(huán)保的。故選D項(xiàng)。

（2）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的A328-foot-wideecological"corridor"willbe

maintainedthroughitscenter,providingsafepassagetowildlifeandconnectingawater

catchmentareaononesidetoanaturereserveontheother.（一條328英尺寬的生態(tài)"走廊"

將貫穿其中心，為野生動物提供安全通道，并將一邊的集水區(qū)與另一邊的自然保護(hù)區(qū)連

接起來。）可知，走廊貫穿在森林鎮(zhèn)中。故選A項(xiàng)。

（3）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"We'regoingfortheidealconceptofseparatedtraffic,

witheverythingundergroundandthenthegroundleveltotallyfreedupforpedestrians-for

people.（我們追求的是分離交通的理想概念，所有東西都在地下，然后地面層完全解放

出來供行人使用--供人們使用。）可知，我們可以從莊福龍的話中知道分離的交通將被

應(yīng)用。故選B項(xiàng)。

（4）C.主旨大意題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Theprojecthasprovenanewplanforurban

plannerssupportinggreendesignprinciplesand"smart"technology,accordingtoChongFook

Loong,groupdirectorforresearchandplanningatSingapore'sHousingandDevelopment

Board,theagencyoverseeingthecountry'spublichousing.（新加坡住房發(fā)展局負(fù)責(zé)研究與

規(guī)劃的集團(tuán)總監(jiān)昌福龍表示，該項(xiàng)目為城市規(guī)劃者提供了一個支持綠色設(shè)計(jì)原則和“智

能”技術(shù)的新計(jì)劃）及全文可知，本文主要講述了新加坡生態(tài)“智能"城市。故選C項(xiàng)。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新加坡政府提供了一個支持綠色設(shè)計(jì)原則和“智能”

技術(shù)的新計(jì)劃，對新加坡進(jìn)行可持續(xù)城市設(shè)計(jì)。

考查社會文化類閱讀理解。做題時要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

16.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】D【小題3】F【小題4】G【小題5】E

【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題?？仗幥耙痪浔硎救蚰贻p人的精神健康處于一種更差的

情形中，結(jié)合后一句"Thisnotonlylowersqualityoflife,buthasanegativeimpactona

teenager,sgrowth這不僅會降低生活質(zhì)量，而且會對青少年的成長產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響）.”推測，

空處應(yīng)該描寫具體的精神健康差的表現(xiàn),C選項(xiàng)"Thefrequencyofdepressionandanxietyis

increasing抑郁和焦慮的頻度正在上升）.”符合此處語境。故選C項(xiàng)。

（2）D.推理判斷題?？仗幥耙痪?Indeedsomescreentimecanpromoteconnectionsand

enabletaskstobedonemoreefficiently事實(shí)上，一些屏幕時間可以促進(jìn)連接，使任務(wù)更有

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效地完成）”陳述運(yùn)用電子設(shè)備教學(xué)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；空前后一句"Inadditiontotroublingnerve

stimulation,toomuchscreentimetakestheplaceofimportantprotectivebehaviorsformental

healthsuchasphysicalactivity,gettingadequatesleepandacademicactivities除了神經(jīng)刺激

之外，過多的屏幕時間還取代了對心理健康的重要保護(hù)行為，如體育活動、充足的睡眠

和學(xué)術(shù)活動）”推測，空處語句進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)折連接，D選項(xiàng)"Therearemanymoreways,

nevertheless,inwhichitisharmful然而，它還有許多有害的方面）”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，引起下文。

故選D項(xiàng)。

（3）F.推理判斷題?？仗幥耙痪渲v述了“greentime綠色時間）”對于治療屏幕時間的負(fù)

面影響起到重要作用，空后一句"Theattentionsystemscanberestoredinnatural

environmentwhentheyarewornout,becausetheyemployinvoluntaryattentionthere,which

isnottiringoreffortful當(dāng)注意力系統(tǒng)疲憊不堪時，它們可以在自然環(huán)境中恢復(fù)，因?yàn)樗?/p>

們在自然環(huán)境中使用不自覺的注意力，這并不累人，也不費(fèi)力）”表達(dá)注意力可以在自

然環(huán)境中得到恢復(fù)；F選項(xiàng)"Payingconstantdirectedattentiontoscreenscanraisedirected

attentiontiredness持續(xù)關(guān)注屏幕會引起定向注意力疲勞）"中的"at