考研《英語一》河北省承德市承德縣2023年考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷含解析

考研《英語一》河北省承德市承德縣2023年考前沖刺預(yù)測試卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Barefootanddirty，thegirljustsatandwatchedthepeoplegoby．Shenevertriedtospeak．Manypeoplepassed，butneverdidonepersonstop．ThenextdayIdecidedtogobacktothepark，curioustoseeifthelittlegirlwouldstillbethere．Rightintheveryspotasshewasyesterday，shesatwiththesaddestlookinhereyes．TodayIwastomakemyownmoveandwalkovertothelittlegirl．Asweallknow，aparkfullofstrangepeopleisnotaplaceforyoungchildrentoplayalone．AsIbeganwalkingtowardsher，Icouldseethebackofthelittlegirl’sdressindicatedadeformity（畸形）．Ismiledtoletherknowitwasokay，Iwastheretohelp，totalk．Isatdownbesideherandopenedwithasimple“Hello”．Ismiledandsheshylysmiledback．Wetalkeduntildarknessfellandtheparkwascompletelyempty．Iaskedthegirlwhyshewassosad．Thelittlegirllookedatmeandwithasadfacesaid，“BecauseI’mdifferent．”Iimmediatelysaid“Thatyouare!”andsmiled．Thelittlegirlactedevensadder．Shesaid，“Iknow．”Shelookedatmeandsmiled．Slowlyshestoodtoherfeet，andsaid，“Really?”“Yes，dear，you’relikealittleguardianangelsenttowatchoverallthosepeoplewalkingby．”Shenoddedherhead“yes”andsmiled，andwiththatshespreadherwingsandsaidwithatwinkleinhereye，“Iam．I’myourguardianangel．”Iwasspeechless，sureIwasseeingthings．Shesaid，“Foronceyouthoughtofsomeoneotherthanyourself，myjobhereisdone．”ImmediatelyIstoodtomyfeetandsaid，“Wait，sowhydidnoonestoptohelpanangel!?”Shelookedatmeandsmiled，“You’retheonlyonewhocouldseeme，andyoubelieveitinyourheart．”…andshewasgone．Andwiththatmylifechangeddramatically．So，whenyouthink1，remember，yourangelisalwayswatchingoveryou．Mineis!1、Peoplejustpassedbythegirlbecause_______．A．theypretendednottoseeherB．shepretendedtobepoorC．theyneverthoughtofhelpingherD．theyknewtheauthorwouldhelpher2、Whichwordcan’tbeusedtodescribetheauthor?A．Considerate． B．Patient． C．Helpful． D．Powerful．3、Whywastheauthorspeechless?A．Hewasshocked． B．Hedidn’tmanagetohelpthegirl．C．Hethoughthewascheated． D．Hewasindespair．4、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Theauthorsmiledbecausehesawthegirlwasshy．B．Theauthorhadknownthatthegirlwasarealangel．C．Theauthorbelievedthatanangelwasalwayswatchinghim．D．Theauthordecidedtogobacktotheparkbecausehewassurethatthelittlegirlwouldbethere．5、Whatdoes“You’reallyouhave”mean?A．Youareugly． B．Youarealone．C．Youarestrong． D．Youarerich．SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1TeenagerswhochecksocialmediaforseveralhoursadayareattheriskofdevelopingADHD(多動癥),astudyhasconcluded.Theresearchteam,fromtheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,tracked2,600teenagersaged15and16.Theyaskedthemhowmanytimestheycheckedtheirphonesandotherdigitaldevicesforvariousreasons,andthenmonitoredthemforsymptomsofADHD．Aftertwoyears,thosewhohadcheckedtheirphonesthemostoftenweretwiceaslikelyasthosewhocheckedtheleastoftentoshowsignsofADHD．WritingintheJAMAmedicaljournal,thescientistssaid,“Modernmediadevicesimmediatelyinformuserswhennewtextmessages,socialmediapostings,orvideogameplayinvitationsarrive.Exposuretosuchinformationmaydrawattentionawayfromimportanttasks.Frequentdistractioncouldinterruptthedevelopmentofconstantattentionandorganizationskills.”Theybelieveconstantaccesstoinstantentertainmentalsohasanimpact.ResearcherProfessorAdamLeventhalsaidallpreviousresearchhadfocusedonthelinkbetweenADHDandtelevisions.“What’snewisthatpreviousstudiesonthistopicweredonemanyyearsago,whensocialmedia,mobilephones,tabletsandmobileappsdidn’texist.WecansaywithconfidencethatteenswhoareexposedtohigherlevelsofdigitalmediaaresignificantlymorelikelytodevelopADHDsymptomsinthefuture,”hesaid.Leventhalbelievesthefindingshelpfillagapinunderstandinghownewmobilemediadevicesandseeminglylimitlesscontentposeamentalhealthriskforchildren.Andthefindingsserveasawarning.Britishscientistswelcomedthefindings.ButProfessorAndyPrzybylskioftheOxfordInternetInstitutesaid,“Thestudyreliesonsurveyresponsesprovidedbythestudentsinquestion.Itisnotclearifteachersorparentswouldratethechildrensimilarlyoriftheself-reportedmeasureofdigitalscreenuseisrelatedwitheitheractualbehaviororhigherqualitysurveyitems.”1、Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A．Bymonitoring2,600teenagerswithADHD．B．Bytrackingtheparticipantsfortwoyears.C．Byanalyzingdatafrompreviousresearchesonline.D．Bycontrollingdifferentteens’timespentonsocialmedia.2、WhatdoesLeventhalthinkoftheexposuretohigherlevelsofdigitalmedia?A．ItwillcausediverseADHDsymptoms.B．ItwillcreatehigherADHDrisks.C．Itwillweakenteenagers’confidence.D．Itwillhaveamajorinfluenceonorganizationskills.3、WhatdoesProfessorAndyPrzybylskithinkofthestudy?A．Itprovidesabetterunderstandingofthemedia.B．Itshouldhavefocusedonparents’responses.C．Itsfindingsarenotreliableenough.D．It’sabreakthroughinthisfield.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheuseofdigitalmediaisontheriseB．TeensareincreasinglyexposedtoADHDC．HeavyuseofsocialmediamayincreaseADHDrisksD．Teens’exposuretomodernmediacallsmoreattentionText2Losingweightcomeswithalotofhealthbenefits—includingmakingyourbrainsharper.Yes,itturnsoutthatoverweightmaydamagecognitivefunctions(認(rèn)知功能)suchasmemoryandattention.Therehavebeenfewstudiesofoverweightandcognitivefunctioning,possiblybecauseitisgenerallybelievedthatitisnotaprimaryriskcauseforpoorcognitiveperformance.Losingweight,therefore,mayhelpimprovethesementalfunctions,accordingtoanewresearchledbyJohnGunstad,assistantprofessorofpsychologyatKentStateUniversity.Growingevidencesuggeststhatbeingfatislinkedtocognitivedeficits(缺陷).SoGunstadandhisteamguessedthatlosingweightmightimprovementalfunction.Fortheirstudy,theymeasuredmemoryandattentioninagroupof150overweightparticipants,someofwhomhadsomekindofoperationforweightlossandsomedidnot.Allofthevolunteerscompletedmentalskillsteststoassesstheirabilitiesofmemoryandattentionatthebeginningofthestudy,andagain12weekslater.Tobeginwith,about24%ofthepatientsshoweddamagedlearningand23%showedsignsofpoormemorywhentested.Attheendofthestudy,thosewhohadlostweightafteroperationimprovedtheirscoresintotheaverageoraboveaveragerangeforcognitivefunctions.Scoresforthevolunteerswhodidn’tloseweightdroppedevenfurther.ThestudyhelpedGunstadtofindoutwhetherlosingweighthadanyeffectonmentalfunction.Nowthathe’sseenthepositiveeffectthatweightlosscanhaveonmemoryandattention,hesayshewillnextstudythosewhochoosetoloseweightbythetraditionalway—eatinghealthierandgettingmoreactive.Heexpectsthatlosingweightinthiswaywillhaveasimilarlypositiveeffectonthebrain.“Ifwecanimprovetheconditionwithoperations,thenwecanprobablyproducethesamechangewithbehavioralweightlossaswell,”hesays.1、Thereislessresearchonoverweightandcognitivefunctionsbecauseresearchers________.A．believeoverweightonlyaffectsourbodyB．havefocusedonwaystosharpenpeople’smindC．donotconsideroverweightamaincauseforlowcognitiveabilityD．a(chǎn)reclearabouttherelationbetweenweightandmentalfunctions2、TheresultofGunstad’sstudyshowsthat________.A．losingweighthaslittleeffectonpeople’smemoryB．losingweightcanimprovepeople’smentalfunctionsC．overweightpeoplearelikelytohavepsychologyproblemsD．overweightpeople’sabilitiesofconcentrationdiffergreatly3、WhatisGunstadplanningtoprovenextinhisresearch?A．Slimpeoplearesmarterthanoverweightpeople.B．Healthydietisbetterthanexerciseinlosingweight.C．Traditionalwaysoflosingweightarebetterthanoperation.D．Overweightpeoplewillgetsmarterbytakingmoreexercise.4、Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．BodyWeightandHealthB．LosingWeightbyOperationC．WaystoImproveMentalFunctionsD．LosingWeighttoSharpenYourMindText3Whilestaringoutofthewindowduringaflight,noteveryonewillthinkcarefullyaboutthequestionwhyairplaneshaveroundedwindowsratherthansquareones.Overtheyears,aerospaceengineeringhasmadehugestepsinairplanetechnology,meaningplanescancarrymorepassengersandgofaster.Theplaneshavealsochangedshapetoincreasesafety—includingthewindows.Ascommercialairtraveltookoffinthemid－20thcentury,airlinecompaniesbegantoflyathigheraltitudestolowertheircost—theairdensity(密度)islowerupthere,creatinglessdrag(阻力)forairplanes.However,higheraltitudescamewithproblems,likethefacthumanbeingscan’treallysurviveat30，000feet.Tomakethatpossible,thecabinwaschangedtoacylindrical(圓柱體)shapetosupportthepressureinside.Butatfirst,planebuildersleftinthestandardsquarewindowsandthisexpansionmeantdisaster.Thede__Havilland__Cometcameintofashioninthe1950s.Withaclosedcabin,itwasabletogohigherandfasterthanotheraircraft.However,wherethere’sacorner,there’saweakspot.Windows,havingfourcorners,havefourpotentialweakspots,makingthemlikelytocrashunderstress—suchasairpressure.Bycurvingthewindow,thestressthatwouldeventuallybreakthewindowcornerisdistributedandthechanceofitbreakingisreduced.Roundedshapesarealsostrongerandresistdeformation(變形),andcanthussurvivetheextremedifferencesinpressurebetweentheinsideandoutsideoftheaircraft.Fortunately,designersfiguredoutthelackofdesignprettyquick.Nowwehavenice,roundedairplanewindowsthatcanresistthepressureoftravelingaltitude.Itgivesbeingabletogazeoutofyourwindowtotheworldfrom35，000feetawholenewoutlook,doesn’tit?1、Whydidairlinesaimtoflyathigheraltitudes?A．Toincreasesafetyoftheplane.B．Tohelptheplanetotakeoff.C．Tosavemoneyforlessdrag.D．Tocarrymorepassengersandgofaster.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“deHavillandComet”inParagraph2referto?A．Aplanet. B．Aband. C．Anaircraft. D．Adesign.3、Whichistheadvantageoftheroundedwindow?A．Itreducesthepossibilityofbreakingup.B．Itweakensthestrengthofairpressure.C．Itincreasestheairpressure.D．Ithelpstosurvivetheextremeweather.4、Wheredoesthistextcomefrom?A．Anewspaperonsafedriving. B．Amagazineonfashiondesign.C．Awebsiteonsurvivalskills. D．Asciencebookonflying.Text4Awoman'shomeishercastle.Shecleans,cooks,decorates,repairs,works,playsandrelaxeswithinthewallsofherhome.Sometimeswomenchoosetostayathometoraisetheirchildreninsteadofworkingoutsideofthehome.Soyouthinkshemustbebored.Iwasoneofthosewomen.Afterfinallygettingpregnant,andgivingbirth,Ifoundmyhometobethebestplace.DuringtheninemonthsIcarriedmydaughter,mybodyhadbeenbrokenandback.Beingabletorelaxwasjustwhatmyweakbodyneeded.Besides,nursingwasarestbecauseIwasunhurriedandverycomfortable.Stayingathomecertainlycuredmybrokenbody.Watchingotherfamiliesgrowonechildafterthenextwasahorribledream,whenIdidn’tthinkIwouldeverbeabletohavemyownchild.ButafterhavingAlyssa,myowncutelittlebabygirl,Iwasabletoletmyheartrecoverfromthewounds.IwatchedandIvaluedeverysmallchangeofherbodyandpersonality.Nothingwasmoreexcitingthantimespentwithmychild.Ilovedtostayathome.MentallyIremainedchallengedwithnewopportunitieseveryday.Ilearnedtobeperfectandorganized.Everythingworkedlikeaclock.By9:00inthemorning,thehousewasclean—bedsmade,bathroomscleaned,housecleaned,andwindowscleaned.IenjoyedfinishingthemquicklysothatIcoulddevotemostofthedaytomydaughter.Betweennursing,shortbreaksandstaringather,Ithoughtofwaystoimprovemyhomeandmyself.Evenwithallthehousework,everydaywasfilledwithsomuchfun!1、WhydidtheauthorsayhomeisthebestplaceinParagraph2?A．Shecouldcarryherbabyforninemonths.B．Shecouldknowherbabybetter.C．Shecouldhaveagoodresttocureherweakbody.D．Shecouldmakefriendswithothers.2、Whydidtheauthorenjoystayingathome?A．Becauseshehadabelovedhusband.B．Becauseshecouldhealthewoundsphysicallyandmentally.C．Becauseherdaughterhadsomekindofraredisease.D．Becauseshelikedtodosomuchhouseworkwithherlittledaughter.3、WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph4?A．Shelikeddoingworkconnectedwithclocks.B．Shewasbusybuthappywhenstayingathome.C．Shewantedsomeonetohelpherwiththehousework.D．Shepreferredtotakecareofherbabywhiledoingthehousework.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Myexperienceasamother.B．HowcanIdealwithmybodyandmyhousework?C．Howcanastay-at-homemotherbebored?D．Stayathome.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)SuccessnevercomeseasyHowmanyofyouhaveheardofsuccessfulpeoplewhohaven’tmadeanyeffort?Peopleoftenhavetoovercomefailures1．theycanaccomplishsomethinggreatTheyusuallydon’tfindsuccessfromtheverybeginningVanGoghsoldonlyonepaintingduringhislifetime,butthisdidn’tstophimfromcompletingover800paintingThomasEdison2．(fire)fromhisfirsttwojobsforlackofcompetenceLater,asaninventor,hetried1,000times3．(create)thelightbulb,withoutsuccessHewasconfidentin4．(he),and5．(eventual)hedidsuccessWhen6．(ask),“Howdiditfeeltofail1,000times?”Edisonreplied,“Ididn’tfail1,000timesThelightbulbwas7．inventionwith1,000stepsThesesuccessfulpeoplehavesetgood8．(example)tousTheywouldn’thaveachievedtheirsuccessifthey9．(abandon)theirdreamsBelieveinyourselfandtryyourbest,andsuccesswillnotbefar10．youThereareabout100millionmiddle-agedwomendancinginparksandonsquaresinChina,andDeborahRoundy,1．USretiredschoolteacher,isoneofthemMrsRoundyistheonlyforeignerontheShanghaidanceteamatTongjiUniversity,wheresheis2．(current)teachingEnglishMrsRoundyranuponadozenorsomiddle-agedwomendancing3．thetunesofChinesesongsin4．Atthetime,shedidn'tfeelusedtothenewenvironmentandwantedtohavesomefuninherlifeShe5．(invite)tojointhedancingteamAtfirst,MrsRoundycommunicatedwithherteammatesby6．(exchange)notestohelptranslateforherNowsheusesatranslationapponheriPad7．theChineselanguageisnotthemostdifficultthingforher,masteringChinesedanceisMrsRoundyusedtodoballetShesaid8．(dance)intheUSalwaysdancefacingtheaudienceButinChina,theychangedirectionsallthetime,anditwasvery9．(confuse)forheratfirstTheyhavedevelopedgoodpersonalrelationsMrsRoundysaystheyalsogoouttoeatandonfieldtripstogether,whichare10．(forget)experiencesforherSquaredancingopensawindowforher11．(understand)China,MrsRoundysaid:Besidesdancing,sheandherhusbandhavebeenactiveincommunitylife,teachingEnglish,andhelpingelderlyneighborsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)HerearethosefivethingsyoushouldNEVERsayordotoyourspouse(配偶)●It’syourfault!Sometimes,afinancialdecisiongoesbad,oneofyourchildrengetsintroubleatschool,orsomehouseholddisasteroccurs.Andknowthis—thingsdogobadfromtimetotimeinanyrelationship.1、●Itoldyouso!2、Thereisnoneedtoremindyourspousethatyouwererightaboutsomethingandtheywerewrong.Talkaboutwastedcriticism!●Saying“Iamupsetwithyouaboutthisorthat…”inapublicsetting.Tellingprivatesecretsorcriticizingyourspouseinpublicortosomeoneelsecandopermanentdamagetothetrustinyourrelationship.3、●Whydoyoualways…Focusingonyourspouse’sweaknessratherthanbuildingontheirstrengthswillonlyincreasetheirweaknessanddiminishtheirstrength.4、●5、Ifyouaskwhereyourspousewantslogotodinnerandhe/shesuggestsacoupleofplaces,thenyouselectadifferentone,byyouractionsyousaid,“Idonotrespectyouropinionanddon’tcarewhatyouthink!”A．Trustusonthis—thesefourwordsarerarelyeverusedinsuccessfulmarriages.B．Stickwiththestrengthsanddon’tfocusonweakness.C．Developthesameinterestandtrytosharethesameopinion.D．Beliefcanhelpsolvemanyproblems.E.Keepprivatethingsprivate.F.Buttheblamegameneverworks!G.Askforyourspouse’sopinionandthendotheopposite.Inourlifemostpeoplelikegreenandgreenisanimportantcolorinnature.Itisthecolorofmostgrowingplants.Sometimes,thewordgreenmeansyoung,fresh,andgrowing.1、.Forexample,agreenhornis