形容詞與副詞

七、形容詞與副詞【真題速練】考點(diǎn)1形容詞

1.(2014·安徽中考)Itis______formetofollowtheAustralianguestsbecauseIamgoodatEnglish.A.bad

B.easy

C.hard

D.right【解析】選B。2.(2014·白銀中考)Someofthetiredstudentskeeptheireyes______inbreaks.A.opened B.closeC.closed

D.open【解析】選C。3.(2014·泰州中考)—What______news!TheChineseWomen’sBadmintonTeamwontheUberCupagain.—Really?That’sgreat!A.interesting B.interestedC.exciting

D.excited

【解析】選C。4.(2013·遂寧中考)Everyonewas______whentheyheardthe______news.A.exciting;excitingB.excited;excitingC.exciting;excited【解析】選B?？疾樾稳菰~辨析。句意:當(dāng)大家聽到那個(gè)令人激動(dòng)的消息時(shí)都感到非常激動(dòng)。exciting意為“令人激動(dòng)的”,修飾物,excited意為“感到激動(dòng)的”,修飾人?？键c(diǎn)2副詞

5.(2014·鹽城中考)Itwasraining______whenmysisterandIgottothemuseum.A.badly B.softly C.hardly D.heavily【解析】選D。6.(2014·濱州中考)—Excuseme,wouldyoupleasespeakalittlemore______?—Sorry,Ithoughtyoucouldfollowme.A.sadly B.quickly C.politely D.slowly【解析】選D。7.(2013·德州中考)Icarriedthebowlwithbothhands______,sothatIwouldn’tbreakit.A.carefully B.happilyC.quickly

D.carelessly【解析】選A?？疾楦痹~辨析。句意:我小心地用雙手端住碗,以便我不會(huì)打碎它。根據(jù)后半句“以便我不會(huì)打碎它”,暗示前文意思是“我小心地用雙手端住碗”。carefully意為“仔細(xì)地;小心地”,happily意為“開心地”,quickly意為“快速地”,carelessly意為“粗心地”。8.(2013·臨沂中考)Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecould______sayaword.A.nearlyB.hard

C.ever

D.hardly【解析】選D?？疾楦痹~的用法。句意:戴維對(duì)這個(gè)好消息是如此激動(dòng),以至于他幾乎說不出一句話來。nearly意為“幾乎”,hard意為“努力地”,ever意為“曾經(jīng)”,hardly意為“幾乎不”,本身表示否定?？键c(diǎn)3形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)

9.(2014·重慶中考·A卷)LinFangcomeshome______thanbeforethisterm.Shedoesn’thavesomanyclassesintheafternoon.A.earlyB.earlier

C.late

D.later【解析】選B?？疾楦痹~。根據(jù)than可知用比較級(jí),排除A和C,再由doesn’thavesomanyclasses“沒那么多課”,當(dāng)然是回家早些了。10.(2014·鹽城中考)PeopleusuallyliketheTVchannelswithfunnierprogrammesbut______advertisements.A.fewB.little

C.fewer

D.less【解析】選C。11.(2014·福州中考)—Therelationbetweenthetwocountriesgets______.Awarseemstobreakoutsoon.—Ihopetheywillmakepeacewitheachother.A.worseandworseB.betterandbetterC.moreandmorepeaceful【解析】選A。12.(2014·益陽中考)—Asastudent,weshouldstudyhard.—Yes.______westudy,______resultswe’llget.A.Thehard;thegoodB.Theharder;thebestC.Theharder;thebetter【解析】選C。13.(2013·濟(jì)南中考)TonyisnotascleverasLucy,butheworks______thanher.A.hard B.harderC.hardest

D.thehardest【解析】選B?？疾楦痹~的比較級(jí)的用法。句意:Tony不如Lucy聰明,但他比她學(xué)習(xí)更努力。根據(jù)句中than判斷使用比較級(jí)形式表示兩者間的比較。14.(2013·襄陽中考)—Whoran______ofallinthesportsmeeting?—Hectordid,Ithink.A.fastB.fasterC.thefastest

D.mostfast【解析】選C?？疾楦痹~的最高級(jí)的用法。問句句意:在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)時(shí),所有人中誰跑得最快?all意為“都(三者或三者以上)”,根據(jù)ofall可知用最高級(jí)?！局R(shí)清單】一、易混形容詞以-ing和-ed結(jié)尾的分詞形容詞1.以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞表示主動(dòng)意義,一般修飾事物,表示事物的特征或性質(zhì),如interesting,surprising,exciting,frightening,amazing,worrying等。2.以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞表示被動(dòng)意義,一般修飾人,表示人的感覺,常與介詞in/about/at等構(gòu)成短語搭配,如interested,surprised,excited,frightened,amazed,worried等。二、形容詞比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成1.規(guī)則變化規(guī)則原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-er和-estlongfastlongerfasterlongestfastest以“e”結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞在詞尾加-r和-stnicelatenicerlaternicestlatest規(guī)則原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)重讀閉音節(jié),詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的詞,要雙寫最后一個(gè)輔音字母,再加-er和-estbighotsadbiggerhottersadderbiggesthottestsaddest以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞,變y為i,再加-er和-estheavyangryfunnyheavierangrierfunnierheaviestangriestfunniest2.不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleast原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)oldolder較老的;較舊的oldest最老的;最舊的elder年長(zhǎng)的eldest最年長(zhǎng)的farfarther(指距離)更遠(yuǎn)的farthest(指距離)最遠(yuǎn)的further(指距離和抽象概念)較遠(yuǎn)的furthest(指距離和抽象概念)最遠(yuǎn)的三、?？急赜浘湫?.“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來越……”;2.“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……,越……”;3.“the+形容詞比較級(jí)+ofthetwo+……”表示“……是兩者中較……的”?！緶剀疤崾尽啃稳菰~比較級(jí)前可用alot/far/abit/much/even/still等詞來修飾,表示“……得多”“更……”“……一些”。very,really,so,too,rather,pretty,quite等詞只能修飾原級(jí)。四、形容詞變副詞的規(guī)律1.一般直接加-ly:quick―quickly;bad―badly2.個(gè)別以e結(jié)尾的去e加-ly:true―truly3.以y結(jié)尾且發(fā)音為[i]的把y變?yōu)閕再加-ly;若讀音為[aI],則直接加-ly:happy―happily;heavy―heavily;angry―angrily;shy―shyly;dry―dryly【要點(diǎn)備選】一、形容詞作定語時(shí)的排序形容詞作定語的排序依據(jù)可記為“限觀形齡顏國(guó)材”或“縣官行令宴國(guó)才”?？谠E說明例詞縣(限)代表限定詞,包括冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞所有格、數(shù)詞等the,this這個(gè),that那個(gè),my我的,Tom’s湯姆的,two兩個(gè)口訣說明例詞官(觀)代表觀點(diǎn)的描述性形容詞fine好的,beautiful漂亮的,interesting有趣的行(形)代表表示大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低及形狀的形容詞small小的,tall高的,high高的,round圓的令(齡)代表年齡、新舊的形容詞young年輕的,old年老的,new新的口訣說明例詞宴(顏)代表顏色的形容詞red紅的,black黑的,white白的國(guó)代表國(guó)籍、地區(qū)、出處的形容詞English英國(guó)的,American美國(guó)的才(材)代表中心名詞構(gòu)成材料的形容詞wooden木制的,plastic塑料的Thereisasmalloldblackwoodendeskinmyroom.在我的房間里有一個(gè)又小又舊的黑色木桌。HislivingroomisdecoratedwithalargegreenChinesecarpet.他的起居